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   1 hosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5).                                                  
     2 ptor 1 (ESR1) and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5).                                                  
     3 phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5).                                                  
     4 n phosphatase 2A, but reduces p35 subunit of Cdk5.                                                   
     5 unit 1a (cdk5r1a), an essential activator of Cdk5.                                                   
     6 ic forms of tau, directly, and by activating cdk5.                                                   
     7 as not been reported to be phosphorylated by Cdk5.                                                   
     8  Ca(2+) homeostasis in SMA and activation of Cdk5.                                                   
     9 iated downstream kinase cascade regulated by Cdk5.                                                   
  
    11 ere, we show that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), a serine-threonine kinase that is highly active i
    12 essed the contribution of the protein kinase Cdk5, a key neuronal signaling molecule, in cortico-stri
  
  
  
  
    17 or Cdk5, and expression of dominant negative Cdk5 abolishes the ability of dbcAMP or putrescine to en
  
  
  
    21 which activator is responsible for enhancing Cdk5 activation and how the two distinct activators dire
    22 MENT Accumulation of p25 results in aberrant Cdk5 activation and induction of numerous pathological p
  
    24 mediated breakdown of cytoskeletal proteins, cdk5 activation, tau hyperphosphorylation, formation of 
  
    26 ssion of miR-23a, whereas overexpressing the CDK5 activator p35 attenuated both of these effects on N
    27  responses, arguing that cooperation between Cdk5 activators maintains balanced Cdk5 signing, which i
    28 rthermore, our data support a model in which Cdk5 activators play nonoverlapping and even opposing ro
  
    30 tion, which underlies the robust increase of Cdk5 activity during rat and mouse neuronal differentiat
  
  
  
    34 clinical, murine, GVHD model, we reveal that Cdk5 activity is increased in key target organs early af
  
  
  
    38 d effector function, but the contribution of Cdk5 activity to the development of GVHD has not been ex
  
  
    41 at p35 expression, an activator of Cdk5, and Cdk5 activity were increased in metastatic tumor cells, 
  
  
  
  
  
    47   Taken together, these results suggest that CDK5 acts as a crucial signaling hub in prostate cancer 
    48 iated dorsolateral striatal-specific loss of Cdk5 all impaired dopamine-facilitated LTP or D1-dopamin
  
    50 ers, enhances tau phosphorylation, activates Cdk5 and BACE-1, and accelerates amyloidogenic APP proce
    51 in by respectively controlling activities of Cdk5 and BACE-1, suggesting that Egr-1 is a potential th
    52 the PSD fraction, and its phosphorylation by CDK5 and CaMKII is differentially regulated by activatio
  
    54 nded t(1/2), promotes aberrant activation of cdk5 and causes abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau, th
    55 ons leads to the inappropriate activation of Cdk5 and contributes to hyperphosphorylation of tau and 
    56 ndrocyte development than simply the loss of Cdk5 and could not be rescued by Cdk5 overexpression.   
    57  switch in mediating the synaptic effects of Cdk5 and demonstrates that SynI is necessary and suffici
  
    59 ss existing and new strategies for targeting Cdk5 and its downstream mechanisms as anti-cancer treatm
  
    61  D2 receptor dependent persistent changes of CDK5 and PSD-95 protein levels specifically within the s
    62  is sufficient to regulate the expression of Cdk5 and results in altered behavioral responses to coca
  
    64 rthermore, Cadm4, cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and p39 mRNAs were significantly correlated with v
    65 proteins from whole brain derived from E18.5 Cdk5+/+ and Cdk5-/- embryos, using an Immobilized Metal-
  
    67  showed that p35 expression, an activator of Cdk5, and Cdk5 activity were increased in metastatic tum
  
    69 )-induced PD-L1 up-regulation on MB requires Cdk5, and disruption of Cdk5 expression in a mouse model
    70 k inhibitor that has greater selectivity for Cdk5, and expression of dominant negative Cdk5 abolishes
    71 n of the Cdk5 regulator p35, inactivation of Cdk5, and increased auto-dephosphorylation of Thr320 of 
    72 ion of p35, the neuron-specific activator of Cdk5, and rat DRG neurons transduced with HSV overexpres
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    82 yperactivation of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), by the production of its truncated activator p25,
  
  
  
  
    87  then generated chimeric mice (Cdk5(+/+C) or Cdk5(-/-C)) using hematopoietic progenitors from either 
  
    89   In cancer, these anti-oncogenic effects of CDK5 can provide selective pressure for the down-regulat
  
    91 he lesion sites was significantly reduced in Cdk5 cKO compared with wild-type animals although the to
  
    93 Cre;Cdk5(fl/fl) conditional knock-out mouse (Cdk5 cKO), myelin repair was delayed significantly in re
    94 he three-dimensional structure of the p39 AD-Cdk5 complex and found differences in the hydrogen bond 
    95 the p25 (p35 C-terminal region including AD)-Cdk5 complex, we simulated the three-dimensional structu
  
    97  Pharmacological Cdk5 inhibition, brain-wide Cdk5 conditional knockout, or viral-mediated dorsolatera
    98  role of histone modifications at the murine Cdk5 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5) locus, given growing ev
    99 tion of Drp1 (dynamin-related protein 1) and Cdk5 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5), targets known to contr
   100 d stress is accompanied by generation of the Cdk5 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5)-activator p25, up-regul
  
  
  
  
  
   106 l signaling lipid PI3,5P2 We show that Pho85/CDK5 directly phosphorylates and positively regulates th
  
  
   109  from either embryonic day 16.5 Cdk5(+/+) or Cdk5(-/-) embryos to enable analyses of the role of Cdk5
   110 m whole brain derived from E18.5 Cdk5+/+ and Cdk5-/- embryos, using an Immobilized Metal-Ion Affinity
   111 udy provides evidence for the causal role of Cdk5 epigenetic remodeling in NAc in Cdk5 gene expressio
  
   113 ation on MB requires Cdk5, and disruption of Cdk5 expression in a mouse model of MB results in potent
   114 t kinase 5) locus, given growing evidence of Cdk5 expression in nucleus accumbens (NAc) influencing r
   115 (PDE4) by cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 (Cdk5) facilitated cAMP degradation and homeostasis of cA
  
  
   118 n-expressing cells and their progeny require Cdk5 for proper development during the early postnatal p
  
  
   121 st opposing roles of p39 and p35 in synaptic Cdk5 function and epileptic responses, arguing that coop
   122 that reductions in synaptic transmission and Cdk5 function are related to decreases in voluntary runn
  
  
   125  In particular, epigenetic regulation of the Cdk5 gene alters responses to cocaine and stress in mous
  
  
   128 role of Cdk5 epigenetic remodeling in NAc in Cdk5 gene expression and in the control of reward and st
   129 s are sufficient to bidirectionally regulate Cdk5 gene expression via enrichment of their respective 
  
  
   132 levels of cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 (Cdk5), glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, protein phosphata
  
  
  
  
  
   138  To date, strategies to specifically inhibit Cdk5 hyperactivity have not been successful without affe
  
   140      MARCKS is known to be phosphorylated by Cdk5 in chick neural cells while Grin1 has not been repo
  
  
   143 -) embryos to enable analyses of the role of Cdk5 in GVHD, as germ line Cdk5 gene deletion is embryon
  
  
  
  
   148 hese data demonstrate a crucial role for p25/Cdk5 in mediating tau-associated pathology and suggest t
  
  
   151 ere, we demonstrate that genetic ablation of Cdk5 in PV interneurons in mouse brain leads to an incre
  
  
  
  
  
   157 scription factor Foxc2 as a key substrate of Cdk5 in the lymphatic vasculature, mechanistically linki
  
   159 mma) at Ser273 by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) in adipose tissue stimulates insulin resistance, b
   160 cted kinases like cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in cell-based as well as in vitro kinase assays an
   161 ies implicate the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in regulating oligodendrocyte (OL) development and
   162 ssential role for cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in T-cell activation and effector function, but th
  
   164 to phosphorylate Kv2.1, with pharmacological Cdk5 inhibition being sufficient to decluster channels. 
   165  is a hallmark of myeloma, and specifically, cdk5 inhibition can enhance the activity of proteasome i
  
  
  
  
   170 agonist propyl pyrazole triol (10 nm) or the CDK5 inhibitor roscovitine (28 mum) on day 30 of withdra
   171     Intriguingly, intra-NAc injection of the Cdk5 inhibitor roscovitine, dose-dependently decreased w
   172 n contrast, treatments with roscovitine, the Cdk5 inhibitor, resulted in an opposite effect on serine
  
   174 emyelination in slice cultures is blocked by Cdk5 inhibitors, whereas specific deletion of Cdk5 in OL
   175  Cdk5 activity via genetic overexpression of Cdk5 inhibitory peptide (CIP) reduces pathologic changes
  
  
  
   179 an lymphoid cell line to hyperthermia causes CDK5 insolubilization and loss of tyrosine-15 phosphoryl
  
  
   182  the aberrant activity of the protein kinase Cdk5 is a principal cause of neuronal death in rodents d
  
  
  
   186 l cycle-associated cyclin-dependent kinases, CDK5 is best known for its regulation of signaling proce
  
  
  
  
   191   Additional data indicate that, in neurons, CDK5 is the kinase responsible for phosphorylating kines
  
  
   194 ere, we show that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is an essential regulator of lymphatic vessel deve
  
   196 ce indicates that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is inappropriately activated in several neurodegen
   197 Here we show that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is required for dbcAMP and putrescine to overcome 
   198 ncreased in metastatic tumor cells, and that Cdk5 kinase activity is responsible for talin1 phosphory
  
  
   201 ified TFP5, a truncated fragment of p35, the Cdk5 kinase regulatory protein, which inhibits Cdk5/p35 
  
  
   204 xpression of Keratin 10 (K10) resulting from Cdk5 knockdown may be responsible for an abnormal epider
   205 hat inhibition of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) led to reduced branching in the intrahepatic bilia
   206 nscriptional repression, specifically to the Cdk5 locus in NAc in vivo We found that Cdk5-ZFP transcr
   207 ig2(+) cells) was increased, suggesting that Cdk5 loss perturbs the transition of early OL lineage ce
  
  
  
  
   212 dicating that TRPV1 is strongly modulated by Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation at position threonine-407(
   213  studies have found WAVE1 to be inhibited by Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation in brain and to play a rol
   214  E1 in human embryonic kidney cells prevents Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation of Kv2.1, and cyclin E1 ov
  
  
   217 Functional studies confirmed that inhibiting CDK5-mediated RALB activation with a clinically relevant
  
  
   220 c progenitors from either embryonic day 16.5 Cdk5(+/+) or Cdk5(-/-) embryos to enable analyses of the
  
   222 ne receptor-specific conditional knockout of Cdk5, or ventral striatum infusion of a small interferin
   223 types compared with those reported here upon Cdk5 overexpression or knockdown, demonstrating the impo
  
  
  
  
   228   To account for the selective inhibition of Cdk5/p25 activity, we propose that the "p10" N-terminal 
  
   230 accumulation of the deregulated, hyperactive Cdk5/p25 complex in human brains has been implicated in 
   231 e show that TFP5/TP5 selective inhibition of Cdk5/p25 hyperactivation in vivo and in vitro rescues ni
  
   233 th p67siRNA, we also show that TFP5 inhibits Cdk5/p35 activity, whereas in the presence of p67 the ac
   234 that, in vitro, the addition of p67 protects Cdk5/p35 and has no effect on Cdk5/p25 activity in the p
   235 k5 kinase regulatory protein, which inhibits Cdk5/p35 and the hyperactive Cdk5/p25 activities in test
   236 erminal domain of p35, absent in p25, spares Cdk5/p35 because p10 binds to macromolecules (e.g., tubu
  
  
   239  age-dependent loss in synaptic function and Cdk5/p39 activity in the NAc may be partially responsibl
  
   241  Dysregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) per relative concentrations of its activators p35 
  
   243 ered proliferation effects, we observed that CDK5 phosphorylates S308 on the androgen receptor (AR), 
  
   245 ther familial PrP mutants are predisposed to Cdk5 phosphorylation and whether phosphorylation of fami
  
  
  
   249 or PrP mutants did not convert into amyloid, Cdk5 phosphorylation rapidly converted these into Thiofl
  
  
  
  
   254 inhibition or conditional knock-out (CKO) of Cdk5 prevented neuronal death in response to ischemia.  
   255 lectively targeted the regulation of PDE4 by Cdk5, produced analogous effects on stress-induced behav
   256  in yeast, the cyclin-dependent kinase Pho85/CDK5 provides protection against hyperosmotic stress and
   257 ere, we show that in Drosophila melanogaster Cdk5 regulates basal autophagy, a key mechanism suppress
  
  
   260 d to proteasome-dependent degradation of the Cdk5 regulator p35, inactivation of Cdk5, and increased 
   261   We generated larvae carrying a mutation in cdk5 regulatory subunit 1a (cdk5r1a), an essential activ
   262  creates interfaces for efficient binding to CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 2 (CDK5RAP2) 
  
  
  
   266 AP activity toward inactivation of Rap1, and CDK5 shifts the relative activity toward inactivation of
  
  
   269 ng hormone signaling, GNRH signaling, and/or CDK5 signaling pathways for those newly-identified loci.
   270 n and how the two distinct activators direct Cdk5 signaling to govern neuronal network formation and 
   271 n between Cdk5 activators maintains balanced Cdk5 signing, which is crucial for postnatal brain funct
  
   273  at serine 273 by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) stimulates diabetogenic gene expression in adipose
   274 ults presented here identify Grin 1 as novel Cdk5 substrate and confirm previously identified MARCKS 
  
  
   277 or activation, adds GIV to the repertoire of CDK5 substrates, and defines a mechanism by which this u
   278 273 of PPARgamma in a robust manner and that Cdk5 suppresses ERKs through direct action on a novel si
  
   280 of this epigenetic remodeling and found that Cdk5-targeted H3K9/14ac increased cocaine-induced locomo
  
  
   283 entially affects phosphorylation of specific Cdk5 targets, leading to aberrant axonal growth and impa
  
   285 mphatic vasculature, mechanistically linking Cdk5 to lymphatic development and valve morphogenesis.  
  
   287 we demonstrated that p39 selectively directs Cdk5 to phosphorylate protein substrates essential for a
   288 ylation of GIV by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) triggers GIV's ability to bind and activate Galpha
  
   290 onophthisis by pharmacological inhibition of CDK5 using either R-roscovitine or S-CR8 is accompanied 
   291 apid protection mechanism regulated by Pho85/CDK5 via signaling from the vacuole/lysosome, which is d
  
  
  
  
   296 rrant activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), which is associated with neurodegenerative disord
   297 endently activate Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), which plays diverse roles in normal brain functio
   298 ase, is one of the presynaptic substrates of Cdk5, which phosphorylates it in its C-terminal region a
   299  the noncanonical cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) whose functions are regulated by its activators p3
   300  the Cdk5 locus in NAc in vivo We found that Cdk5-ZFP transcription factors are sufficient to bidirec
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