ライフサイエンスコーパス: Cannabis

1 ly moderate level of variation among Iranian cannabis.

2 of Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS) in Iranian cannabis.

3 largely accounts for the recreational use of cannabis.

4 ation structure and genetic diversity within Cannabis.

5 le or combined use of alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis.

6 reduce use or shift to less potent forms of cannabis.

7 liking), and heart rate relative to inactive cannabis.

8 change in the composition of commonly smoked cannabis.

9 ly impaired by acute and chronic exposure to cannabis.

10 high risk of developing psychosis from using cannabis.

11 asis on the purported therapeutic effects of cannabis.

12 HC) is the primary psychoactive component of cannabis.

13 gnitive, and physiological effects of smoked cannabis (0.01 (inactive), 5.30-5.80% THC).

14 Under placebo CBD conditions, active cannabis (1) was self-administered by significantly more

15 R) of schizophrenia for users vs nonusers of cannabis: 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.67;

16 ble changes in FAAH binding during prolonged cannabis abstinence and whether lower FAAH binding preda

17 Cannabis abuse in adolescence is associated with increas

18 OR of schizophrenia for users vs nonusers of cannabis, adjusted for ever vs never smoker: 1.41; 95% C

19 eans of obtaining information about: (1) how cannabis affects the brain and behavior, (2) whether med

20 rse effects associated with continued use of cannabis after the onset of a first episode of psychosis

21 In addition, sensitization to cannabis allergens can result in various cross-allergies

22 Both active and passive exposure to cannabis allergens may trigger a C. sativa sensitization

23 trials, there is low-strength evidence that cannabis alleviates neuropathic pain but insufficient ev

24 significantly more participants than placebo cannabis and (2) produced significant, time-dependent in

25 x work, or substance use disorder (excluding cannabis and alcohol use).

26 bruary 2015) on acute and chronic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids and on persistence or recovery

27 y underlie sex differences in the effects of cannabis and cannabinoids are highlighted.

28 perspective on the sex-dependent effects of cannabis and cannabinoids by synthesizing findings from

29 state of knowledge regarding the effects of cannabis and cannabinoids in PTSD and the preclinical an

30 utic efficacy and negative health effects of cannabis and cannabinoids.

31 s evidence for the effects of herbs (such as cannabis and curcumin), probiotics, acupuncture, exercis

32 from studies investigating various types of cannabis and discuss how future research can help to bet

33 ations between early use and frequent use of cannabis and MDD, suicidal ideation (ever and persistent

34 Results also suggest that a combination of cannabis and nicotine have more contrasting effects on t

35 Cannabis and prescription opioid use were measured with

36 observational studies reporting ever use of cannabis and risk of schizophrenia or related disorders.

37 As a result of the pervasive social use of cannabis and the involvement of endocannabinoids in a mu

38 ive substances (nicotine, caffeine, alcohol, cannabis, and illicit drugs) was obtained for 8586 twins

39 Alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis are among the most commonly used drugs.

40 Adults and adolescents increasingly view cannabis as harmless, and some can use cannabis without

41 control study, individuals who regularly use cannabis, as well as healthy controls, were recruited, a

42 tle is known about the mechanisms underlying cannabis aversion in rodents.

43 IgE-mediated Cannabis (C. sativa, marihuana) allergy seems to be on t

44 Cannabis can be rewarding or aversive.

45 Like alcohol and tobacco, cannabis can have serious adverse effects on health, and

46 is urgently needed on the full diversity of Cannabis chemotypes known to be available to the public.

47 ngs of 'High', 'Good Effect', ratings of the cannabis cigarette (eg, strength, liking), and heart rat

48 onth and lifetime DUD, based on amphetamine, cannabis, club drug, cocaine, hallucinogen, heroin, nonh

49 r targets for the psychotropic plant-derived cannabis constituent Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannainol, as we

50 cts on outcome vary depending on the type of cannabis consumed and usage pattern.

51 To determine whether the regular use of cannabis could alter the function of retinal ganglion ce

52 Cannabis dependence (CAD) is a serious problem worldwide

53 No genome-wide significant loci emerged for cannabis dependence criterion count (n=8050).

54 posure could increase the risk of subsequent cannabis dependence in humans.

55 rization of genome-wide significant loci for cannabis dependence is among the first steps toward unde

56 To test whether cannabis dependence is associated with a similar dopamin

57 or nicotine dependence, 2.67 (2.38-2.99) for cannabis dependence, and 1.74 (1.62-1.86) for any depend

58 on, this study provides evidence that severe cannabis dependence-without the confounds of any comorbi

59 f genome-wide association study data on 2080 cannabis-dependent cases and 6435 cannabis-exposed contr

60 avior in control subjects, which differed in cannabis-dependent individuals.

61 d extrastriatal dopamine release in severely cannabis-dependent participants (CD), free of any comorb

62 nal studies found that compared with nonuse, cannabis did not reduce PTSD symptoms.

63 By contrast, cannabis discontinuation was not associated with relapse

64 The regular use of cannabis during adolescence is of particular concern bec

65 ta on 2080 cannabis-dependent cases and 6435 cannabis-exposed controls of European descent.

66 nvestigated the association between prenatal cannabis exposure and brain morphology in young children

67 cannabis use prevent accurate assessment of cannabis exposure and direct comparison of findings acro

68 hood-suggest a mechanism by which adolescent cannabis exposure could increase the risk of subsequent

69 Prenatal cannabis exposure was not associated with global brain v

70 tabolism are altered in those with prolonged cannabis exposure.

71 cations in brain and the periphery linked to cannabis exposure.

72 ed by identical twins who are discordant for cannabis exposure.

73 Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA), and Sativex (Cannabis extract; GW Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge United K

74 Recreational use of cannabis, following its legalization in some countries,

75 e led to significant increases in the use of cannabis for both medical and recreational purposes.

76 The increased popularity of cannabis for medical purposes and the narrowing gap in p

77 uggest that MMLs have led to substitution of cannabis for opioids, and also possibly for psychiatric

78 Over 180 million people use cannabis for recreational or medical purposes globally.

79 of Columbia have passed laws that legalized cannabis for recreational use by adults, and 23 others p

80 is designated as the sole legal producer of Cannabis for use in US research studies.

81 e relationship between frequent recreational cannabis (FRC) (marijuana and hashish) use and periodont

82 The monozygotic twin who used cannabis frequently was more likely to report MDD (odds

83 This clinical entity, designated as the 'cannabis-fruit/vegetable syndrome', might also imply cro

84 all 24 months) of high-potency (skunk-like) cannabis had the worst outcome, indexed as an increased

85 Cannabis has been known as a medicine for several thousa

86 ults demonstrate that the federally-produced Cannabis has significantly less variety and lower concen

87 ing and potentially therapeutic component of cannabis, has been found to reduce the negative effects

88 vidual differences in the hedonic effects of cannabis in humans.

89 ality of recreational and therapeutic use of cannabis in the United States, as well as a steady incre

90 We defined Iranian cannabis in two main groups using the results of the PCA

91 nds and >100 phytocannabinoids isolated from cannabis, including Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

92 nnate differences in cognitive function from cannabis-induced deficits is challenging.

93 The highest conversion rate was found for cannabis-induced psychosis, with 47.4% (95% CI=42.7-52.3

94 and tobacco suggests that a for-profit legal cannabis industry will increase use by making cannabis m

95 ins that were discordant for each measure of cannabis involvement at a single timepoint.

96 populations, limited evidence suggests that cannabis is associated with an increased risk for advers

97 Cannabis is available from medical dispensaries for trea

98 Cannabis is increasingly available for the treatment of

99 wing importance in the United States because cannabis is increasingly available legally.

100 bis use is a major public health concern and cannabis is known to act on central neurotransmission, s

101 glion cells in individuals who regularly use cannabis is of interest.

102 Worldwide medicinal use of cannabis is rapidly escalating, despite limited evidence

103 Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug worldwid

104 For example, cannabis joint-years from ages 18 to 38 years was associ

105 pared with their identical twin who had used cannabis less frequently, even after adjustment for cova

106 Limited evidence suggests that cannabis may alleviate neuropathic pain in some patients

107 This altered composition of cannabis may be linked to persistent neuroanatomic alter

108 Interactions between each cannabis measure and sex, sample or study effects, and b

109 y had seen or been offered opioids, cocaine, cannabis, methamphetamine, alcohol, or tobacco.

110 treat cannabis use disorder, and (3) whether cannabis might produce lasting changes in the brain that

111 annabis industry will increase use by making cannabis more socially acceptable to use, making it more

112 se results suggest that the acute effects of cannabis on anxiety in males are mediated by the modulat

113 use is mediated through an adverse effect of cannabis on medication adherence is unclear.

114 s particularly susceptible to the effects of cannabis on psychosis.

115 determine the effect of different strains of cannabis on risk, and to identify high-risk groups parti

116 -9-THC), the main psychoactive ingredient of cannabis, on anxiety and on amygdala response while proc

117 terms: reward, fMRI, substance use, cocaine, cannabis, opiates, alcohol, nicotine, smokers, gambling,

118 rging clinical studies show that 'medicinal' cannabis or cannabinoid-based medications relieve pain i

119 ith enacting policy to facilitate the use of cannabis or its constituents for medical purposes.

120 The plant Cannabis sativa, commonly called cannabis or marijuana, has been used for its psychotropi

121 As medical and recreational use of cannabis, or marijuana, becomes more prevalent, law enfo

122 ut reliable information about the effects of cannabis, people cannot make informed decisions regardin

123 here is a shift in the production of illicit cannabis plant material from regular marijuana to sinsem

124 Overall, the potency of illicit cannabis plant material has consistently increased over

125 Evidence suggests national increases in cannabis potency, prenatal and unintentional childhood e

126 ure suggests that MMLs have led to increased cannabis potency, unintentional childhood exposures, adu

127 To review the benefits of plant-based cannabis preparations for treating chronic pain in adult

128 about the benefits and harms of plant-based cannabis preparations in patients with PTSD, but several

129 arding the benefits and harms of plant-based cannabis preparations in treating PTSD in adults.

130 English, involving adults using plant-based cannabis preparations that reported pain, quality of lif

131 95, and December 31, 2014, 38,681 samples of cannabis preparations were received and analyzed.

132 9)-THC), the major psychoactive component of cannabis, produced dose-dependent conditioned place aver

133 tical and legal landscape surrounding use of cannabis products in the USA, there has been a surge of

134 ctrophysiological, and behavioral effects of cannabis related psychiatric manifestations.

135 At present, diagnosis of cannabis-related allergies predominantly rests upon a th

136 exposure; and in adults, increased use, CUD, cannabis-related emergency room visits, and fatal vehicl

137 o develop reliable neurobiological models of cannabis-related harm, recovery, and protection.

138 While medical marijuana may help some, cannabis-related health consequences associated with cha

139 identified genome-wide significant loci for cannabis-related phenotypes.

140 Future cannabis-related policy decisions should include conside

141 Cannabis reward is believed to be mediated by activation

142 We genotyped 98 cannabis samples 36 from Iranian locations and 26 access

143 Cannabis sativa has a complex history reflected in both

144 very of the main psychoactive constituent of Cannabis sativa L., Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta

145 Use of marijuana (Cannabis sativa) often begins in adolescence, and heavy

146 ons about the long-term impact of marijuana (Cannabis sativa) that are especially important given the

147 The plant Cannabis sativa, commonly called cannabis or marijuana,

148 Cannabis sativa, or marijuana, a popular recreational dr

149 dividuals with schizophrenia-challenging the cannabis self-medication hypothesis.

150 Non-treatment-seeking, healthy cannabis smokers (n=31; 17M, 14 F) completed eight outpa

151 ally alongside an increase in the potency of cannabis sold on both black and legal markets.

152 re operating vehicles under the influence of cannabis, specifically the psychoactive substance, tetra

153 punitive and more permissive legal stance on cannabis, such as decriminalisation and legalisation.

154 of increasing trends toward legalization of cannabis, the knowledge gained from this body of researc

155 Use of Cannabis, the most widely used illicit drug worldwide, i

156 a combination of search terms for describing cannabis, the outcome of interest (relapse of psychosis)

157 Given the known vascular effects of cannabis, this study examined the neurophysiological fac

158 sing the current range of federally-produced Cannabis thus may yield limited insights into the chemic

159 ashington-have voted to legalise the sale of cannabis to adults for recreational purposes, and more s

160 Much remains to be determined about cannabis trends and the role of MMLs and RMLs in these t

161 llicit drug use (1.72, 1.07-2.79) and weekly cannabis use (3.18, 1.58-6.42).

162 2) associated either with greater levels of cannabis use (e.g., higher dosage, longer duration, and

163 Although cannabis use after a first episode of psychosis has been

164 Cannabis use after onset of psychosis was assessed by se

165 nature of the association between continued cannabis use after the onset of psychosis and risk of re

166 the effect of continued versus discontinued cannabis use after the onset of psychosis.

167 gh men are more likely to endorse past month cannabis use and are more frequently diagnosed with Cann

168 overview of the changing US epidemiology of cannabis use and associated problems.

169 Over the last 25 years, illicit cannabis use and cannabis use disorders have increased a

170 ntributed to increased prevalence of illicit cannabis use and cannabis use disorders.

171 Although the link between cannabis use and development of psychosis is well establ

172 In the earlier period, illicit cannabis use and disorders decreased similarly in non-MM

173 ML and degree of change in the prevalence of cannabis use and disorders.

174 Past-year illicit cannabis use and DSM-IV cannabis use disorder.

175 s to accurately and comprehensively quantify cannabis use and exposure in human studies.

176 Associations between cannabis use and psychotic outcomes are consistently rep

177 Cannabis use and related problems are on the rise global

178 ermine the nature of the association between cannabis use and risk of schizophrenia.

179 determine the association between prolonged cannabis use and the following neurophysiological indica

180 Cannabis use appears to increase rather than decrease th

181 Early and frequent cannabis use are associated with an increased likelihood

182 Patterns of cannabis use are changing drastically owing to legalizat

183 te about the potential risks and benefits of cannabis use as a backdrop, the wave of legalization and

184 These findings point to reductions in cannabis use as a crucial interventional target to impro

185 g associations, with the exception of weekly cannabis use at age 35 years, which remained independent

186 s to assess prospective associations between cannabis use at wave 1 (2001-2002) and nonmedical prescr

187 strength of independent associations between cannabis use at wave 1 and incident and prevalent psychi

188 In logistic regression models, cannabis use at wave 1 was associated with increased inc

189 r (Ct1) and second year (Ct2) and pattern of cannabis use continuation in the first year and second y

190 Of 1,938 participants with available cannabis use data and essential covariates, 26.8% were F

191 Cannabis use disorder (CUD) commonly occurs and carries

192 DSM-5 cannabis use disorder is prevalent, associated with como

193 s use and are more frequently diagnosed with Cannabis Use Disorder relative to women, a growing propo

194 Twelve-month cannabis use disorder was associated with disability.

195 hether medications can be developed to treat cannabis use disorder, and (3) whether cannabis might pr

196 Increases in cannabis use disorder, which was less prevalent, were sm

197 Past-year illicit cannabis use and DSM-IV cannabis use disorder.

198 use disorder: OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9-3.8; any cannabis use disorder: OR, 9.5; 95% CI, 6.4-14.1; any ot

199 ntage point more; SE, 0.5; P = .004), as did cannabis use disorders (0.7-percentage point more; SE, 0

200 thood, impaired driving and vehicle crashes; cannabis use disorders (CUD), cannabis withdrawal, and p

201 makers about possible harms associated with cannabis use disorders and available interventions.

202 about MML and adult illicit cannabis use or cannabis use disorders considered over time.

203 the last 25 years, illicit cannabis use and cannabis use disorders have increased among US adults, a

204 eased prevalence of illicit cannabis use and cannabis use disorders.

205 Cannabis use during pregnancy has been associated with n

206 Cannabis use following the onset of first-episode psycho

207 s plus the District of Columbia now regulate cannabis use for medical purposes.

208 viewpoints regarding the benefit and harm of cannabis use for these conditions, while outlining what

209 We did a logistic regression analysis of cannabis use from retrospective data on same-sex male an

210 istic or binominal) to compare the different cannabis use groups and propensity score analysis to val

211 Subjects with a baseline history of heavy cannabis use had a significantly higher risk of death (h

212 Cannabis use has become increasingly accepted socially a

213 Cannabis use has been reported to increase the risk of d

214 ants previously identified to associate with cannabis use in 32 330 individuals to determine the natu

215 symptoms and adverse effects of plant-based cannabis use in adults with PTSD.

216 ting chronic pain in adults and the harms of cannabis use in chronic pain and general adult populatio

217 ls and 6 other studies examining outcomes of cannabis use in patients with PTSD are ongoing and are e

218 ion hypotheses used to explain high rates of cannabis use in patients with trauma-related disorders.

219 nce could partly help mitigate the harm from cannabis use in psychosis.

220 eighted]; mean [SD] age, 45.1 [17.3] years), cannabis use in wave 1 (2001-2002), which was reported b

221 verall, from 1991-1992 to 2012-2013, illicit cannabis use increased significantly more in states that

222 Because cannabis use is a major public health concern and cannab

223 The authors sought to determine whether cannabis use is associated with a change in the risk of

224 seek information about whether recreational cannabis use is associated with physical health problems

225 Whether poor outcome associated with cannabis use is mediated through an adverse effect of ca

226 Cannabis use is observationally associated with an incre

227 is known and not known about the effects of cannabis use on human behavior, including cognition, mot

228 sis might be mediated through the effects of cannabis use on medication adherence.

229 own scientifically about the consequences of cannabis use on mental health takes on added public heal

230 and 36% of the adverse effects of continued cannabis use on outcome in psychosis might be mediated t

231 ence partly mediated the effect of continued cannabis use on outcome, including risk of relapse (prop

232 nce partly mediated the effects of continued cannabis use on risk of relapse.

233 s nonusers) to estimate the causal effect of cannabis use on risk of schizophrenia in 34 241 cases an

234 useful approach to investigate the impact of cannabis use on the adolescent brain.

235 ey could highlight the neurotoxic effects of cannabis use on the central nervous system as a result o

236 Little is known about MML and adult illicit cannabis use or cannabis use disorders considered over t

237 hose who continued (CC) or discontinued (DC) cannabis use or were non-users (NC).

238 Information on cannabis use over the first 2 years after onset of psych

239 ns between poorer performance and a range of cannabis use parameters, including a younger age of onse

240 haracteristics and associations with various cannabis use parameters.

241 Continued cannabis use predicted poor outcome, including risk of r

242 fferences in the quantification of levels of cannabis use prevent accurate assessment of cannabis exp

243 twins (6181 monozygotic and 7805 dizygotic), cannabis use ranged from 1345 (30.4%) of 4432 people in

244 Mean age of first cannabis use ranged from 17.9 years (SD 3.3) in sample 3

245 Effect of cannabis use status in the first year (Ct1) and second y

246 ssion suggested greater effects of continued cannabis use than discontinued use on relapse (dCC-NC=0.

247 evidence base that has previously identified cannabis use to associate with increased risk of schizop

248 adults with nonmedical opioid use at wave 1, cannabis use was also associated with an increase in non

249 Among adults with pain at wave 1, cannabis use was also associated with increased incident

250 Cannabis use was associated with poorer periodontal heal

251 ese findings demonstrate residual effects of cannabis use whereby global and regional brain metabolis

252 cy, unintentional childhood exposures, adult cannabis use, and adult CUD.

253 5) after adjusting for socioeconomic status, cannabis use, and common mental disorders.

254 f cannabis withdrawal, the ability to reduce cannabis use, and results that point to promising future

255 Exposure of interest was self-reported cannabis use, defined as "FRC use" versus "non-FRC use."

256 ence may inform public health messages about cannabis use, especially regarding its potential mental

257 We identify associations between aspects of cannabis use, MDD, and suicidal thoughts and behaviours

258 ms of causing the main risks associated with cannabis use, such as addiction, psychosis, and cognitiv

259 ld benefit from education about the risks of cannabis use, the increases in such risks, and the role

260 For early cannabis use, the monozygotic point estimate was not sig

261 With the notable exception of heavy cannabis use, these problems appear to be largely accoun

262 Unlike cannabis use, tobacco use was associated with worse lung

263 such as gender, impulsivity, and severity of cannabis use, when selecting a medication in the off-lab

264 cific provisions did not increase adolescent cannabis use.

265 s in brain structure as a result of maternal cannabis use.

266 been found to reduce the negative effects of cannabis use.

267 to better understand and reduce the risks of cannabis use.

268 for baseline psychotic-like experiences and cannabis use.

269 phetamine use to 3.39 (3.12-3.67) for weekly cannabis use; for dependence syndrome they were 1.72 (1.

270 ty-eight of the 52 participants were regular cannabis users (24 men and 4 women; median age, 22 years

271 ematic evaluation in 72 h abstinent, chronic cannabis users (N=74) and nonusing controls (N=101) to d

272 55.1%-88.0%) for correctly classifying both cannabis users and controls in their corresponding group

273 ve to women, a growing proportion of medical cannabis users are reported to be women.

274 ood of MDD and suicidal ideation in frequent cannabis users cannot be solely attributed to common pre

275 her CBF in the right pallidum/putamen of the cannabis users compared with nonusers.

276 22 healthy control subjects and ten chronic cannabis users during early abstinence.

277 dependent of the stage of illness, continued cannabis users had a greater increase in relapse of psyc

278 We found that cannabis users had greater global OEF and CMRO2 compared

279 ol use, there was a significant increase for cannabis users of the N95 implicit time on results of pa

280 Many cannabis users progress to using and becoming addicted t

281 mized controlled trial involving two groups (cannabis users vs nonusers) to estimate the causal effec

282 In cannabis users, FAAH binding was significantly lower by

283 g-term physical harms, in heavy or long-term cannabis users, or in older populations is insufficient.

284 consistently observed in samples of regular cannabis users, particularly in cannabinoid receptor-hig

285 potentials by the ganglion cells in regular cannabis users, which could support alterations in visio

286 that may affect studies of brain activity in cannabis users.

287 atomic alterations typically seen in regular cannabis users.

288 ible interventions could focus on persuading cannabis-using patients with psychosis to reduce use or

289 n psychological and physiological effects of Cannabis varieties is essential.

290 e sought to compare the chemical profiles of Cannabis varieties that are available to consumers in st

291 Based on the genetic approach, use of cannabis was associated with increased risk of schizophr

292 The behavioral and cardiovascular effects of cannabis were measured at baseline and repeatedly throug

293 to produce the main psychoactive effects of cannabis, while CBD does not appear to have similar effe

294 analyses showed that former regular users of cannabis who stopped after the onset of psychosis had th

295 Research has found cannabis with high concentrations of its main active ing

296 n, psychosis, and cognitive impairment) than cannabis with lower concentrations of THC.

297 hicle crashes; cannabis use disorders (CUD), cannabis withdrawal, and psychiatric comorbidity.

298 monstrated effectiveness in the treatment of cannabis withdrawal, the ability to reduce cannabis use,

299 ication in the off-label treatment of CUD or cannabis withdrawal.

300 view cannabis as harmless, and some can use cannabis without harm.