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   3  lesions that covalently link the Watson and Crick strands of the double helix, are repaired by a com
     4 processor is used to separate the Watson and Crick strands of the double-stranded chromosomal DNA in 
  
     6  describing the DNA double helix, Watson and Crick suggested that "spontaneous mutation may be due to
     7 from ideal, rigid helices allowed Watson and Crick to unravel the DNA structure, thereby elucidating 
  
  
    10 double helix symmetry revealed by Watson and Crick, classical X-ray diffraction patterns of DNA conta
    11 structure of DNA was published by Watson and Crick, Sanger's group announced the first amino acid seq
  
    13 ic range were originally proposed in 1965 by Crick and Wyman in a manuscript circulated among the pro
    14 ractions were predicted over 50 years ago by Crick, and limited experimental data obtained in solutio
  
  
    17 ch, by covalently binding the Watson and the Crick strands of DNA, impede replication and transcripti
  
  
  
  
    22    The DNA 13-mer, BET66, self-assembles via Crick-Watson and noncanonical base pairs to form crystal
  
  
  
  
    27  ions, a free 5'-flap (if present), a Watson-Crick base pair at the terminus of the reacting duplex, 
    28 s: (i) the loop region is closed by a Watson-Crick base pair between Psi1911 and A1919, which is pote
    29 ate for the free energy change when a Watson-Crick base pair in stem 2 is changed, (2) the loop entro
    30 that whereas hydrogen bonds between a Watson-Crick base pair of template DNA and incoming NTP are cri
    31 ue to its anti-conformation forming a Watson-Crick base pair with correct deoxycytidine 5'-triphospha
  
    33  upon addition of dCTP, which forms a Watson-Crick base pair with template dG and not during mispairi
  
  
    36 e base of the incoming dNTP to form a Watson-Crick pair with the template base but also distinguish t
  
  
    39 zyl) that can alternatively pair in a Watson-Crick sense opposite cytosine (C) or as a Hoogsteen pair
    40 tate, polbeta appears to allow only a Watson-Crick-like conformation for purine*pyrimidine base pairs
    41 cale conformational change to adopt a Watson-Crick-like dG*dTTP base pair and a closed protein confor
    42 rms three hydrogen bonds and adopts a Watson-Crick-like geometry rather than a wobble geometry, sugge
    43  errors occur when mismatches adopt a Watson-Crick-like geometry through tautomerization and/or ioniz
  
    45 ution, which selectively knocks out a Watson-Crick-type (G)N2H2...O2(T) hydrogen bond, significantly 
    46 ificity through an intramolecular G:A Watson-Crick/sugar-edge base interaction, an unusual pairing pr
  
    48 alyzes an unexpected second activity: Watson-Crick-dependent 3'-5' nucleotide addition that occurs in
  
  
    51 nd classify modifications that affect Watson-Crick base pairing at three different levels of the Arab
    52 tes mutagenic replication by allowing Watson-Crick-mode for O6MeG.T but not for O6MeG.C in the enzyme
    53 ring DNA synthesis, base stacking and Watson-Crick (WC) hydrogen bonding increase the stability of na
    54 nowledge of helical DNA structure and Watson-Crick base pairing rules, scientists have constructed a 
  
  
  
    58 ded by Watson-Crick pairs, the AG and Watson-Crick pairs are all head-to-head imino-paired (cis Watso
  
    60 e stabilities relative to native base Watson-Crick pairings, and this phenomenon is used here to engi
  
    62     In the 12 solved structures, both Watson-Crick (anti-8-oxoG:anti-dCTP) and Hoogsteen (syn-8-oxoG:
    63 n nonadjacent regions and employ both Watson-Crick and non-Watson-Crick base-pairing, screening of ca
  
    65   Sequence specificity is provided by Watson-Crick base pairing between the DNA substrate and two oli
    66   Self-assembly of these oligomers by Watson-Crick base pairing of the recognition sequences creates 
    67 s to the selection of correct dNTP by Watson-Crick base pairing, but it cannot explain how low-fideli
  
  
  
  
  
    73 helical regions composed of canonical Watson-Crick and related base pairs, as well as single-stranded
  
    75  reveals that Fm7dG forms a canonical Watson-Crick base pair with dCTP, but metal ion coordination is
  
  
  
  
  
    81 opts canonical UG wobble pairing (cis Watson-Crick/Watson-Crick), with AG pairs that are only weakly 
  
  
    84 ghbors, with CA adjacent to a closing Watson-Crick pair, are further stabilized when the pH is lowere
    85 le-check" provided by the concomitant Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen base pairings involved in target rec
    86 pocket with planar stacking contacts, Watson-Crick polar hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interaction
    87 y are incapable of forming contiguous Watson-Crick base pairs with each other-has enforced a "homochi
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    95 e we show that intentionally creating Watson-Crick mismatches near the cleavage site relaxes the site
    96 l UG wobble pairing (cis Watson-Crick/Watson-Crick), with AG pairs that are only weakly imino-paired.
  
    98 conformational change of the designed Watson-Crick duplex region resulted in crystal packing differen
  
   100 thought to identify targets by direct Watson-Crick pairing with invasive 'protospacer' DNA, but how t
   101 h p53, the current structures display Watson-Crick base pairs associated with direct or water-mediate
  
  
   104  dehydrated environment that envelops Watson-Crick nascent base pairs and serve to enhance base selec
  
   106 NA) bound to site I in RecA exchanges Watson-Crick pairing with a sequence-matched ssDNA that was par
   107 oparticle arrays and lattices exploit Watson-Crick base pairing of single-stranded DNA sequences as a
   108 e design of these structures exploits Watson-Crick hybridization and strand exchange to stitch linear
  
  
  
   112  (dG-N2) provides direct evidence for Watson-Crick (G)N2H2...O2(T) hydrogen bonding in the transient 
   113 obase pairs follow standard rules for Watson-Crick base pairing but have rearranged hydrogen bonding 
   114 ro assays revealed an active role for Watson-Crick base-pairing at positions 9 and 10 in promoting st
   115 eA suggests that despite its need for Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding, Poleta can stabilize the adduct 
   116 tta recovers the 10 NN parameters for Watson-Crick stacked base pairs and 32 single-nucleotide dangli
   117  (relative rate of base-extension for Watson-Crick versus mismatched base pairs), replications withou
  
   119 oth guanines of the Pt-GG lesion form Watson-Crick base pairing with the primer terminus dC and the i
   120 n, bases in the dsDNA attempt to form Watson-Crick bonds with the corresponding bases in the initiati
   121 mase does not absolutely need to form Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds to efficiently polymerize a NTP.   
  
   123 -lived and low-abundance species form Watson-Crick-like base pairs, their conformation could not be d
  
  
  
   127 equence-specific excursions away from Watson-Crick base-pairing at CA and TA steps inside canonical d
   128 me substrate sequences even when full Watson-Crick complementarity is maintained, corresponding to a 
  
   130  biradicals return to the original GC Watson-Crick pairs, but up to 10% of the initially excited mole
   131 n of individual guanine-cytosine (GC) Watson-Crick base pairs by ultrafast time-resolved UV/visible a
  
  
   134  can originate from a mismatch having Watson-Crick geometry, and they suggest a common catalytic mech
   135    In the canonical DNA double helix, Watson-Crick (WC) base pairs (bps) exist in dynamic equilibrium
   136 argets (triplex association) and (ii) Watson-Crick complement-mediated displacement of the TFO and re
  
  
   139  5'-end nucleotide need not engage in Watson-Crick (W/C) H-bonding but must fit the general shape of 
  
  
  
   143 h a thymine-thymine (T-T) mismatch in Watson-Crick base-pairs and the ligative disassembly of MB.Hg(2
   144 at there is a significant decrease in Watson-Crick duplex stability of the heterogeneous backbone chi
  
   146 d alignment software can also include Watson-Crick base pairs, but none adequately addresses the need
  
   148 ymerase incorporates ZTP opposite its Watson-Crick complement, imidazo[1,2-a]-1,3,5-triazin-4(8H)one 
   149 ween the complementary strand and its Watson-Crick pairing partners promotes the rapid unbinding of n
   150 cleoside analogs (xDNA) that maintain Watson-Crick base pairing and base stacking ability; however, t
  
  
   153 lability of tRNA decoding mechanisms: Watson-Crick, non-Watson-Crick or both types of interactions.  
   154 n underappreciated role in modulating Watson-Crick base pairing strength and potentially pi-pi stacki
  
  
   157  that the Z:P pair mimics the natural Watson-Crick geometry in RNA in the first example of a crystal 
   158 odel of loop 6 that specifies all non-Watson-Crick base pair interactions, derived by isostericity-ba
  
   160 ' ss is mainly recognized through non-Watson-Crick base pairing with the 5' ss and branch point.     
   161     MMR must be able to recognize non-Watson-Crick base pairs and excise the misincorporated nucleoti
   162 hermophilus Kt-23 has two further non-Watson-Crick base pairs within the non-canonical helix, three a
  
   164  isostericity of Watson-Crick and non-Watson-Crick base pairs, along with the collapsing (horizontall
   165  and employ both Watson-Crick and non-Watson-Crick base-pairing, screening of candidate binder ensemb
  
   167    Isostericity relations between non-Watson-Crick basepairs are used in scoring sequence variants.  
  
  
  
   171 g mode, and a novel mechanism for non-Watson-Crick incorporation by a low-fidelity DNA polymerase.   
  
  
   174 inucleotide is recognized through non-Watson-Crick pairing with the 5' splice site and the branch-poi
   175 ry (Pol X:DNA:MgdGTP with dG:dGTP non-Watson-Crick pairing) forms, along with functional analyses, to
   176 ocally influence the formation of non-Watson-Crick structures from otherwise complementary sequences.
  
   178  is possible with an alternative, non-Watson-Crick-paired duplex that selectively binds a complementa
   179 ry structures displaying noncanonical Watson-Crick base pairing, have recently emerged as key control
   180 y, could be replaced with noncovalent Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds without significantly affecting its
  
  
  
   184 o different means to assemble DNA-NPs-Watson-Crick base-pairing interactions and depletion interactio
   185 hat HCV IRES activity requires a 3-nt Watson-Crick base-pairing interaction between the apical loop o
   186 ntly discovered transient flipping of Watson-Crick (WC) pairs into Hoogsteen (HG) pairs (HG breathing
   187 an alignment based on isostericity of Watson-Crick and non-Watson-Crick base pairs, along with the co
   188 The specificity and predictability of Watson-Crick base pairing make DNA a powerful and versatile mat
   189 hin the active site in the absence of Watson-Crick base pairing with template and mapped movements of
   190  nanoscale through the specificity of Watson-Crick base pairing, allowing both complex self-assembled
  
   192      Intermolecular enol tautomers of Watson-Crick base pairs could emerge spontaneously via interbas
  
  
   195 DNA stretching shows that breaking of Watson-Crick bonds is not necessary for the existence of the pl
   196 onents and different architectures of Watson-Crick complementary single-stranded DNA ("sticky end") l
   197 on spectra establish the formation of Watson-Crick G.C alignment for the two base pairs between the l
   198 re still significantly exceed that of Watson-Crick G.C base pairs, such that DNA i-motif conformation
  
   200 aining hydrophobic bases incapable of Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding opposite natural template bases. 
   201 8, and GN2, pointing to an absence of Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding, yet the presence of some type of
  
  
   204 provide insight into the stability of Watson-Crick pairs and the role of specific functional groups i
   205 anwhile, nucleic acid probes based on Watson-Crick base-pairing rules are also being widely applied i
  
  
   208  a Z:P pair with a standard "edge on" Watson-Crick geometry, but joined by rearranged hydrogen bond d
   209 ne and 6-amino-5-nitropyridin-2-one), Watson-Crick complements from an artificially expanded genetic 
  
   211 low-fidelity DNA polymerases overcome Watson-Crick base pairing to catalyze non-Watson-Crick dNTP inc
  
   213 brium with short-lived, low-populated Watson-Crick-like mispairs that are stabilized by rare enolic o
  
  
   216      Although m(6)A does not preclude Watson-Crick base pairing, the N(6)-methyl group alters the sta
   217 must select nucleotides that preserve Watson-Crick base pairing rules and choose substrates with the 
  
   219  thus providing a platform to promote Watson-Crick base pairing between C9 of the decaloop and the fi
  
  
   222 e pair, the first structure of pseudo-Watson-Crick O6MeG.T formed in the active site of a DNA polymer
   223 ses with high 3'-5' regioselectivity, Watson-Crick base pairing between the RNA monomers and the temp
  
   225 NA double helix structure that retain Watson-Crick base-pairing have important roles in DNA recogniti
   226 vage site (e.g. T^G), while retaining Watson-Crick sequence generality beyond those nucleotides along
  
  
  
   230 aA base is intrahelical, in a reverse Watson-Crick orientation, and forms a weak base pair with a thy
  
   232 e vs. contiguous pairs) and sequence (Watson-Crick vs. G:U pairs) preferences for human and mouse miR
  
   234 y the need to forward-design specific Watson-Crick base pairing manually for any given target structu
   235  the ability of 8-oxoG to form stable Watson-Crick base pairs with deoxycytidine (8-oxoG:dC) and Hoog
   236  arrangements, but also in a standard Watson-Crick base pair, adopted the same C3'-endo ribose confor
   237  kissing dimer is formed via standard Watson-Crick base pairs and then converted into a more stable e
   238  the 5'-end of the sequence by an A.T Watson-Crick base pair and a potential G.A noncanonical base pa
   239 istent with stabilization by tertiary Watson-Crick base pairing found in the folded Diels-Alderase st
  
  
   242 nly DNA components, establishing that Watson-Crick base-pairing interactions alone suffice for comple
   243 ether, these results demonstrate that Watson-Crick template-dependent 3'-5' nucleotide addition is a 
  
  
   246 able properties, the linearity of the Watson-Crick B-form duplex imposes limitations on 3D crystal de
   247 pg uses an aromatic wedge to open the Watson-Crick base pair and everts the lesion into its active si
  
   249 amma-HMHP-dA is expected to block the Watson-Crick base pairing of the adducted adenine with thymine,
  
  
   252 ty is determined by the nature of the Watson-Crick base-pairing region of the NTP base and the nature
   253 by Kool and colleagues challenged the Watson-Crick dogma that hydrogen bonds between complementary ba
  
   255 oordinating a Mg(2+) ion bound at the Watson-Crick edge of residue C7, or the N3 position of residue 
   256 pted the syn conformation placing the Watson-Crick edge of the modified dG into the major groove.    
  
   258 utions to recognition provided by the Watson-Crick face of the nucleobase, lesser contributions from 
   259 difications, e.g., methylation of the Watson-Crick face of unpaired adenine and cytosine residues by 
   260 tically preferred syn geometry on the Watson-Crick face to the higher-energy anti conformation, posit
   261 ill significantly exceed those of the Watson-Crick G*C and neutral C*C base pairs, suggesting that C(
   262 U(34).G(3) wobble base pair is in the Watson-Crick geometry, requiring unusual hydrogen bonding to G 
  
  
   265 ed with almost no perturbation of the Watson-Crick hydrogen-bond network and induces bend and unwindi
   266 ir tension due to the transfer of the Watson-Crick pairing of the complementary strand bases from the
  
   268 e-positioned guanine amino group, the Watson-Crick partner to C3, acts as a wedge; facilitated by a h
   269      MBD4 specifically recognizes the Watson-Crick polar edge of thymine or 5hmU via the O2, N3 and O
  
   271 tional nucleobases could expose their Watson-Crick and/or Hoogsteen faces for recognition in the majo
  
   273  the tRNA anticodon, stack with their Watson-Crick edges rotated toward the minor groove and exhibit 
  
   275 t quantum chemical estimates of their Watson-Crick interaction energy, pi-pi stacking energies, as we
   276 how that the L-nucleotide forms three Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with the templating nucleotide dG a
   277 nces would uniquely associate through Watson-Crick assembly to form closed-cycle or linear arrays of 
   278 e can spontaneously associate through Watson-Crick canonical H-bonding and pi-pi stacking to form sta
   279 tation of the purine base relative to Watson-Crick (WC) base pairing within DNA duplexes, creating al
   280 de an alternative pairing geometry to Watson-Crick (WC) bps and can play unique functional roles in d
   281 base pair; intercalators that bind to Watson-Crick base pairs promote the polymerization of oligonucl
   282 *C proton-bound dimers as compared to Watson-Crick G*C base pairs are the major forces responsible fo
  
   284 g a sheared GG pair (G4-G6*, GG trans Watson-Crick/Hoogsteen), both uracils (U7 and U7*) flipped out 
   285 ymerize NTPs incapable of forming two Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with the templating base with the e
  
   287 e geometry of canonical G.C and A.T/U Watson-Crick base pairs to discriminate against DNA and RNA mis
   288 cking leading to disrupted A752-U2609 Watson-Crick (WC) interactions as well as hydrogen bonding betw
  
  
   291 e gene in cell-free translation using Watson-Crick base pairing between the mRNA and a complementary 
   292 he nanoscale can be achieved by using Watson-Crick base-pairing to direct the assembly and operation 
   293 ll adapted to accommodate the 5'T via Watson-Crick base pairing, in accord with a proposed role for P
   294 e DNAzyme binds the substrate DNA via Watson-Crick bonding and the 3'-end binds through formation of 
  
  
  
   298  systems such as nucleic acids, where Watson-Crick H-bonds are fully paired in double-helical structu
   299 lassical intercalation motif in which Watson-Crick base pairing is intact at the lesion site and (2) 
  
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