ライフサイエンスコーパス: Cry

1 pigments, phytochrome (PHY) or cryptochrome (CRY).

2 AR-protein domain1 (PDP1), and cryptochrome (CRY).

3 at specifically interacts with cryptochrome (CRY).

4 to the spectral sensitivity of CRYPTOCHROME (CRY).

5 ons involving the flavoprotein cryptochrome (CRY).

6 sion severity, and recognition of own infant cry.

7 hms persist in constant darkness and without CRY.

8 rs mutant Fbxl3(Afh) to stabilize endogenous CRY.

9 ythmicity in SCN never previously exposed to CRY.

10 We used norpA(P24) cry(02) double mutants that are circadianly blind in low

11 light-induced behavioral phase resetting in cry(03) mutant flies and sensitively reports GFP-CRY exp

12 w that the core clock proteins cryptochrome (CRY) 1 and 2 repressed inflammation within the FLSs, and

13 The blue-light photoreceptors, cryptochrome (CRY) 2 and phototropin (PHOT) 2, are required for the st

14 Plant cryptochromes (cry) act as UV-A/blue light receptors.

15 lar reductants may be a general mechanism of CRY activation.

16 the FLSs, and provide novel evidence that a CRY activator has anti-inflammatory properties in human

17 ot reduced upon Cry deficiency, which places CRY activity downstream from JAK2.

18 support the hypothesis that MF modulation of CRY activity is capable of influencing neuron activity t

19 sm by which a magnetically induced change in CRY activity might produce a behavioral response.

20 ns after light exposure, and in many animals CRY acts independently of light to repress rhythmic tran

21 rosophila peripheral tissues and reveal that CRY acts together with K(+) channels to maintain passive

22 CRY also acts independently of TIM in Drosophila to alte

23 mutant form of Drosophila and monarch type 1 Cry and confirm that the tryptophan triad pathway is not

24 Bacillus thuringiensis produces insecticidal Cry and Cyt proteins that are toxic to different insect

25 Cry and Cyt toxins interact by specific epitopes, and th

26 UASIMODO (QSM) can function independently of CRY and is predominantly expressed within CRY-negative c

27 In contrast, infant cry and laughter, which are species-specific signals app

28 nsduction systems, we tested mutants lacking CRY and mutants with disrupted opsin-based phototransduc

29 CRY and opsin-based external photoreceptor systems coope

30 ite REV-ERB-alpha and REV-ERB-beta with PER, CRY and other components of the principal feedback loop

31 ese mutants, we show that the stabilities of CRY and PER are independently regulated, contrary to the

32 In this model, the mechanistic roles of CRY and PER are unclear.

33 Both CRY and PER bind to CLOCK and BMAL1 off DNA but, in cont

34 In this model, CRY and PER proteins repress their own transcription by

35 n genotypes to characterize the functions of CRY and PER.

36 involves the turnover rate of the repressors CRY and PER.

37 onsidering their effects at high irradiances cry and phot are critical for the control of transpirati

38 Results for baby-cry and picture stimuli may fit with both locationist an

39 ecially of their own infant - including baby cry and picture.

40 Immunostaining against CRY and the neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF)

41 (TTFL) in which expression of Cryptochrome (Cry) and Period (Per) genes is inhibited by their protei

42 transcriptional activator, and Cryptochrome (CRY) and Period (PER) proteins function as repressors.

43 LOCK and BMAL1, and repressors Cryptochrome (CRY) and Period (PER).

44 and transcriptional repressors cryptochrome (CRY) and period (PER).

45 The eyelets antagonize Cryptochrome (CRY)- and compound-eye-based photoreception in the large

46 (Afh), which lengthens period by stabilizing CRY, and Csnk1epsilon(tm1Asil) (CK1epsilon(Tau)), which

47 s, their function with respect to the phot-, cry-, and phy-mediated signal transduction cascades, and

48 Notably, dopamine and CRY are required for acute arousal upon sensory stimulat

49 Since phot and cry are UV-A/blue light photoreceptors, they may be invo

50 evidence that photosensitive Cryptochromes (Cry) are involved in the response to magnetic fields (MF

51 underlying mechanism showed a novel role of CRY as a repressor for protein kinase.

52 ight significantly differ in mutants lacking CRY, as well as mutants with disrupted opsin-based photo

53 ivity in the RFIC to own versus other infant cry at the group level.

54 These results demonstrate a CRY-BIC negative-feedback circuitry that regulates the a

55 1 binds to an E-box sequence in DNA and that CRY binds stably to the CLOCK:BMAL1:E-box ternary comple

56 ield modulates the activity of cryptochrome (CRY) by influencing photochemical radical pair intermedi

57 In contrast, deletion of the CRY C terminus disrupts EMF responses, indicating that i

58 domains of the two proteins and involves the CRY C terminus.

59 emotional "balance;" (b) feeling the need to cry; (c) feeling the need to talk.

60 Conserved Trp 536 juts into the CRY catalytic centre to mimic PL recognition of DNA phot

61 or independent mechanisms of vertebrate-like CRY circadian regulation on the BMAL1 C terminus and the

62 mented by the specific disruption of the Per/Cry circadian regulatory complex in brain regions that g

63 RNAi depletion of KPNB1 traps the PER/CRY complex in the cytoplasm by blocking nuclear entry o

64 nslocation and repressor function of the PER/CRY complex.

65 1 complex, and a negative component, the PER-CRY complex.

66 Specifically, PER/CRY complexes act at E-box sequences in Per and Cry to i

67 proteins determine pacemaker period, and PER/CRY complexes have been proposed to afford mutual stabil

68 y BMAL1-CLOCK complexes is suppressed by PER-CRY complexes.

69 Light-activated CRY couples to membrane depolarization via a well conser

70 in which transactivation of Per (period) and Cry (cryptochrome) genes by BMAL1-CLOCK complexes is sup

71 CRY dampens temperature input to the clock and thereby c

72 , the blue-light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) dampens temperature-induced PERIOD (PER)-LUCIFERASE

73 These results support a role for Phycomyces cry-DASH as a photolyase and suggest a similar role for

74 However, cry-DASH can repair CPDs in single-stranded DNA, but the

75 a photolyase and suggest a similar role for cry-DASH in mucoromycotina fungi.

76 s, Synechocystis, Human)-type cryptochromes (cry-DASH) belong to a family of flavoproteins acting as

77 ptochrome/photolyase family (CPF) encoding a cry-DASH, cryA, despite its ability to photoreactivate.

78 Photoreduction of the Drosophila CRY (dCRY) flavin cofactor to the anionic semiquinone (A

79 Down-regulation of IGF-1 upon Cry deficiency correlates with reduced Igf-1 mRNA expres

80 rylation of JAK2 kinase was not reduced upon Cry deficiency, which places CRY activity downstream fro

81 In both CRY-deficient backgrounds, circadian rhythms of wheel-ru

82 In agreement, Cry-deficient mice have reduced body ( approximately 30%

83 rcadian function, we expressed CRY in SCN of Cry-deficient mice using adeno-associated virus (AAV).

84 IGF-1 rhythms are disrupted in Cry-deficient mice, and IGF-1 level is reduced by 80% in

85 reduced in the liver and skeletal muscles of Cry-deficient mice.

86 ligase complex essential for light-mediated CRY degradation in Drosophila cells.

87 XL3 degradation in the nucleus and promoting CRY degradation within the cytoplasm.

88 eveal unanticipated consequences of delaying CRY degradation, indicating that the Afh mutation prolon

89 se a dual negative-feedback model in which a CRY-dependent CK2-driven posttranslational BMAL1-P-BMAL1

90 Here, we show that this CRY-dependent effect is significantly potentiated in the

91 his proposal will remain theoretical until a CRY-dependent effect on a receptor neuron is shown to be

92 e studies tackled the problem of whether the Cry-dependent magnetosensitivity is coupled to the sole

93 y displacing CLOCK-BMAL1 from promoters in a CRY-dependent manner.

94 s provides a tool to study the regulation of CRY-dependent physiology and aid development of clock-ba

95 Cry genes, however, carry no CREs, and how CRY-dependent SCN pacemaking is synchronized remains unc

96 artmentalization of competing E3 ligases for CRY determine circadian period of the clock in mammals.

97 lexippus), which possesses a vertebrate-like CRY (dpCRY2) and an ortholog of BMAL1, to show that inse

98 nt, ecologically relevant stimulus of infant cry during fMRI, we tested hypotheses that postpartum ne

99 re Per circadian expression in real time, no Cry equivalent exists.

100 ctivation of the photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) evokes rapid depolarization and increased action po

101 To investigate CRY expression and function in body tissues, we generate

102 CRY expression has been characterized in the Drosophila

103 CRY expression in a subset of clock neurons, or the phot

104 These findings for the first time define CRY expression in Drosophila peripheral tissues and reve

105 l lines are light-unresponsive, but restored CRY expression in the lLNv rescues responsiveness.

106 We found that CRY expression is also required for nighttime activity i

107 l eukaryotes, and suggest that Clk, cyc, and cry expression is sufficient to drive clock expression i

108 Specifically, Cry expression must be circadian and appropriately phase

109 sed this, indicating that despite maintained CRY expression, CK1epsilon(Tau) truncated the interval o

110 enus, although there is variation in PDF and CRY expression.

111 03) mutant flies and sensitively reports GFP-CRY expression.

112 The cryptochrome (CRY) flavoproteins act as blue-light receptors in plants

113 begins with photon capture by CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) followed by rapid TIMELESS (TIM) degradation.

114 e clock genes Period (Per) and Cryptochrome (Cry) following nuclear entry of their protein products i

115 hat the NORPA pathway is less efficient than CRY for synchronizing rest-activity rhythms with delayed

116 FBXL21 plays a dual role: protecting CRY from FBXL3 degradation in the nucleus and promoting

117 Fruit flies are a far cry from the quaint genetic model of the past, but rathe

118 al studies have not been straightforward and Cry function has not been examined in real clock cells u

119 new opportunities for mechanistic studies of CRY function.

120 L.), transformed with Bacillus thuringiensis Cry genes (Bt G. hirsutum) that confer resistance to lep

121 ccumulated near termination sites on Per and Cry genes but not on control genes.

122 Transgenic rice expressing cry genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt

123 olutionary analyses suggested that zebrafish cry genes have evolved divergent functions, which is fur

124 Cry genes, however, carry no CREs, and how CRY-dependent

125 bsequent gene losses, zebrafish retained six cry genes, renamed as cry1aa (zcry1a in the old nomencla

126 tter understanding of evolution of zebrafish cry genes.

127 ession of the period (PER) and cryptochrome (CRY) genes acting as transcription factors directed to t

128 loop in which period (Per) and cryptochrome (Cry) genes are negatively regulated by their protein pro

129 ops, in which Period (Per) and Cryptochrome (Cry) genes are negatively regulated by their protein pro

130 ebrafish are known to have six cryptochrome (cry) genes but their evolutionary relationships are not

131 expression of Period (Per) and Cryptochrome (Cry) genes is periodically suppressed by their protein p

132 It constitutes part of a rallying cry, "gig 'em" that inspires Texas A&M Aggies to victory

133 We propose that CRY has a distinct role in acute responses to sensory st

134 elated gene, are ion conducting channels for CRY/Hk-coupled light response.

135 ent, additive biochemical actions of PER and CRY in circadian control, and complement genome-wide epi

136 n CRY2- and CRY1-deficient mice to test each CRY in isolation.

137 Furthermore, expression of CRY in neurons that are normally unresponsive to light c

138 It was recently reported that mutation of CRY in p53-null mice delayed the onset of cancer.

139 equired for circadian function, we expressed CRY in SCN of Cry-deficient mice using adeno-associated

140 n SCF E3 ligase complex that slowly degrades CRY in the cytoplasm but antagonizes the stronger E3 lig

141 of the Sophophora subgenus completely lacked CRY in the large ventrolateral clock neurons (lLN(v) s)

142 is required for timely nuclear import of PER/CRY in the negative feedback regulation of the circadian

143 of the circadian photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) in large ventral lateral neurons (l-LN(v)s).

144 n of CLOCK-BMAL1 by PERIOD and CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) in mammals lies at the core of the circadian timeke

145 AD) in a light-dependent manner and that the CRY-Inactivation No Afterpotential D interaction is medi

146 t however, firing-mediated phase-shifting is CRY-independent and exploits the E3 ligase component CUL

147 ate that QSM constitutes part of a novel and CRY-independent light input to the circadian clock.

148 Fbxl3(Afh/Afh) had no effect on these CRY-independent rhythms, confirming its circadian action

149 (vp) is very similar to that of the Bacillus Cry insecticidal toxin-like proteins, despite the low se

150 subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase as a CRY-interacting protein and found that loss or inhibitio

151 re known and it is known that Drosophila (d) CRY is degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system as we

152 In bodies, CRY is detected in clock-containing tissues including Ma

153 from larval identified motoneurons, in which CRY is ectopically expressed, to show that BL-dependent

154 shed that blue-light (BL) photoactivation of CRY is sufficient to depolarize and activate Drosophila

155 Our data show that CRY is the primary repressor in the TTFL: It binds to CL

156 Light activation of CRY is transduced to membrane depolarization, increased

157 Cryptochrome (CRY) is a core clock protein that plays an essential rol

158 Cryptochrome (Cry) is a key protein in the negative arm of the transcr

159 In Drosophila, CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) is a major photoreceptor that mediates resetting of

160 Cryptochrome (CRY) is expressed in most brain clock neurons, whereas s

161 Cryptochrome (CRY) is the primary circadian photoreceptor in Drosophil

162 Cryptochrome (CRY) is the principal light sensor of the insect circadi

163 ich had high and specific binding ability to Cry j 2 (K(d)=24 nM), detected an amount of Cry j 2 equi

164 s slides without extraction, similar to anti-Cry j 2 antibodies.

165 Cry j 2 contained in house dust was detected in a spike

166 Cry j 2 (K(d)=24 nM), detected an amount of Cry j 2 equivalent to that in several tens of micrograms

167 dar pollen, and the histochemical sensing of Cry j 2 in ruptured Japanese cedar pollen.

168 ompatible with starch localization, in which Cry j 2 is present.

169 n recognition in the practical biosensing of Cry j 2, leading to preventive measures against allergic

170 he identification of DNA aptamers binding to Cry j 2, one of the major allergens in Japanese cedar po

171 of SELEX, we identified aptamers binding to Cry j 2.

172 e core clock component protein cryptochrome (CRY) leads to constitutive elevation of proinflammatory

173 Because dopamine signaling and CRY levels are typically high at night, this may explain

174 CRY likely destabilizes the CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer on D

175 of heterologously expressed CRY suggest that CRY may mediate functional responses to UV-A (ultraviole

176 y CLOCK/SIRT1, were shown to be critical for CRY-mediated BMAL1-CK2beta binding.

177 The CRY-mediated light response requires a flavin redox-base

178 f protein-protein interactions revealed that CRY-mediated periodic binding of CK2beta to BMAL1 inhibi

179 eception in the large LNvs while synergizing CRY-mediated photoreception in the small LNvs.

180 Incorporation of CRY-mediated transcriptional feedback thus confers stabi

181 CRY mediates behavioral avoidance responses related to e

182 Drosophila melanogaster CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) mediates behavioral and electrophysiological respon

183 similar to that of the constitutively active CRY mutant with a C-terminal deletion (CRYDelta).

184 erved in phytochrome (phy) and cryptochrome (cry) mutant backgrounds.

185 It has been found that Cry mutation in cells with p53-null genotype increased t

186 It was therefore suggested that CRY mutation may activate p53-independent apoptosis path

187 Here we show that CRY mutation sensitizes p53 mutant and oncogenically tra

188 of CRY and is predominantly expressed within CRY-negative clock neurons.

189 Interestingly, KPNB1 regulates the PER/CRY nuclear entry and repressor function, independently

190 cts mainly with PER proteins and directs PER/CRY nuclear transport in a circadian fashion.

191 However, in the presence of CRY, nuclear entry of PER inhibits transcription by disp

192 cry-null lines are light-unresponsive, but restored CRY

193 Furthermore, Ras-transformed p53- and Cry-null mouse skin fibroblasts are more sensitive than

194 maintain circadian pacemaking in arrhythmic Cry-null SCN, deficient in essential elements of the tra

195 at a local duplication of ancestral chordate Cry occurred likely before the first round of vertebrate

196 heses that postpartum neural response to the cry of "own" versus a standard "other" infant in the rig

197 However, the effects of phot and cry on photosynthesis were largely nonstomatic.

198 The effects of cry on stomatal conductance are largely indirect and inv

199 Loss of either cry or rh7 caused minor defects in photoentrainment, whe

200 ation of behavioral rhythms relies on either CRY or the canonical rhodopsin phototransduction pathway

201 leep are blunted in constant darkness and in cry(OUT) mutants in light:dark, suggesting that they are

202 er primates, show functional stability, with cry overwhelmingly expressing negative and laughter posi

203 l relationship between the CKI-PER and FBXL3-CRY pathways, we generated robust mechanistic prediction

204 CLOCK and BMAL1 off DNA but, in contrast to CRY, PER does not bind to the CLOCK:BMAL1:E-box complex.

205 NADPH, NADH, and ATP, were found to promote cry photoreduction even in mutants lacking the classic T

206 help reconcile the diverse functions of the CRY/PL family by demonstrating how conserved protein arc

207 However, members of the CRY/PL family differ in the substrates recognized (prote

208 The cryptochrome/photolyase (CRY/PL) family of photoreceptors mediates adaptive respo

209 ive RNA polymerase II large subunit, Per and Cry pre-mRNAs, and SETX, a helicase that promotes transc

210 amenable to electrophysiological recording, CRY prevents membrane input resistance from falling to l

211 ranscription factors directed to the PER and CRY promoters via E-box elements.

212 proteins in soils requires understanding of Cry protein adsorption to soil particles.

213 malian circadian clock by revealing that the CRY protein has an additional unsuspected feedback role

214 onal synthetic pesticides, the use of either Cry protein or dsRNA PIPs results in their release to re

215 hile investigating the environmental fate of Cry protein PIPs and suggests new avenues to advance the

216 ed on these data, we propose that absence of CRY protein(s) might release its (their) inhibition on c

217 might emulate the functional domains of the Cry protein, and in particular its pore-forming activity

218 o infect C. elegans, the addition of the PFP Cry protein, Cry5B, results in a robust lethal infection

219 ucture, which is the first for a nematicidal Cry protein, shows the familiar three-domain arrangement

220 y process affecting the fate of insecticidal Cry proteins (Bt toxins), produced by genetically modifi

221 In vitro binding of biotinylated Cry proteins and competition assays in midgut protein ve

222 for studying anthelmintic combinations using Cry proteins and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR

223 The CRY proteins are part of a large repressive complex, the

224 Cyt1Aa is lipophilic and synergizes Bti Cry proteins by increasing midgut binding.

225 genetically modified to express insecticidal Cry proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis.

226 The individual stabilities of PER or CRY proteins determine pacemaker period, and PER/CRY com

227 Both CRY proteins dose-dependently lengthen the intrinsic, hi

228 First-generation insecticidal PIPs were Cry proteins expressed in GM crops containing transgenes

229 that is a paralog of Fbxl3 that targets the CRY proteins for degradation.

230 PER and CRY proteins form heterodimers and suppress the activity

231 e that the combination of nAChR agonists and Cry proteins has excellent properties and is predicted t

232 Here we study the effect of Cry proteins in B. thuringiensis pathogenesis of the nem

233 g the fate and potential risks of transgenic Cry proteins in soils requires understanding of Cry prot

234 nic matter in models that assess the fate of Cry proteins in soils.

235 tematic cell transfection assays divided six Cry proteins into repressive Cry1aa, Cry1ab, Cry1ba and

236 xtensively characterized of the anthelmintic Cry proteins is Cry5B.

237 ver, pests such as aphids not susceptible to Cry proteins may require other integrated pest managemen

238 ndicated the aphids were not affected by the Cry proteins or the pyrethroid, thus removing any effect

239 is built on a feedback loop in which PER and CRY proteins repress their own transcription.

240 To interrogate the properties of CRY proteins required for circadian function, we express

241 g WCR populations resistant to two different Cry proteins show that AfIP-1A/1B and mCry3A differ in t

242 e strength of repression by various forms of CRY proteins significantly correlates with rhythm amplit

243 Although both CRY proteins slowed the clock, CRY1 was significantly mo

244 Trace amounts of the three Cry proteins were detected in BPH feeding on Bt rice cul

245 d mutual stabilization, although how PER and CRY proteins with contrasting stabilities interact is un

246 We find that nAChR agonists and Cry proteins, like Cry5B and Cry21A, mutually display wh

247 hree-domain arrangement seen in insecticidal Cry proteins.

248 resembles a banana lectin than it does other Cry proteins.

249 Bt isolates or through modifications of the Cry proteins.

250 mammals, the PERIOD (PER) and CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) proteins accumulate, form a large nuclear complex (

251 The Cryptochrome (CRY) proteins are critical components of the mammalian c

252 Crystal (Cry) proteins are globally used in agriculture as protei

253 Crops producing insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) control i

254 genes individually expressing three crystal (Cry) proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) tested th

255 helmintics are urgently needed, and crystal (Cry) proteins made by Bacillus thuringiensis are promisi

256 cases of pest resistance to Bt crystalline (Cry) proteins produced by transgenic crops increased fro

257 Bt crystal (Cry) proteins with limited potential for field-relevant

258 d B. anthracis is the production of crystal (Cry) proteins, which are pore-forming toxins or pore-for

259 CRY repression of CLOCK-BMAL1 and regulation of circadia

260 regulates the accumulating phase of the PER-CRY repressive complex by controlling the nuclear import

261 Regulated nuclear translocation of the PER/CRY repressor complex is critical for negative feedback

262 lock proteins period (PER) and cryptochrome (CRY), respectively.

263 aker neurons, the flavoprotein cryptochrome (Cry), responds only to high levels of light in vitro.

264 prevented ubiquitin-dependent degradation of CRY, resulting in lengthening of the circadian period.

265 studies on the effects of these compounds on CRY stability implicate the existence of an as yet undis

266 Furthermore, KL001-mediated CRY stabilization inhibited glucagon-induced gluconeogen

267 Selective CRY-stabilization demonstrated that both CRYs are endoge

268 ochemical assays of heterologously expressed CRY suggest that CRY may mediate functional responses to

269 with its direct target gene products PER and CRY, suggesting that the ratio between the negative and

270 , the blue-light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) synchronizes these feedback loops to light:dark cyc

271 exes to the elongating polymerase at Per and Cry termination sites inhibited SETX action, impeding RN

272 c EMF, and this is mediated by cryptochrome (CRY), the blue-light circadian photoreceptor.

273 Like CRY, this pathway targets the clock protein TIM.

274 However, in the absence of CRY, this TIM-mediated resetting still occurs in some pa

275 ut is independent of the classical circadian CRY-TIMELESS interaction.

276 We find that exposure of CRY to blue light induces a conformation similar to that

277 complexes act at E-box sequences in Per and Cry to inhibit their transactivation by CLOCK/BMAL1 hete

278 The ability of CRY to maintain high input resistance in these non-excit

279 levated in Clk(Jrk) mutants and acts through CRY to promote the nocturnal activity of this mutant.

280 nerated radical pairs mediate the ability of Cry to sense a magnetic field.

281 PER actually interferes with the binding of CRY to the CLOCK:BMAL1:E-box ternary complex.

282 ve to be a limitation when there is no known Cry toxin active against a particular target.

283 ptibility to Cry3Ba toxin, demonstrating the Cry toxin receptor functionality for these proteins.

284 Two of the overexpressed Cry toxin variants showed significant activity against A

285 ortality triggered by B. thuringiensis and a Cry toxin.

286 ubozoan toxins and insecticidal three-domain Cry toxins (delta-endotoxins) suggests that the toxins h

287 mosquitocidal activity since they synergize Cry toxins and are able to overcome resistance to Cry to

288 However, the high specificity of Cry toxins can also prove to be a limitation when there

289 The insecticidal Cry toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are i

290 oxins and are able to overcome resistance to Cry toxins.

291 n in body tissues, we generated a GFP-tagged-cry transgene that rescues light-induced behavioral phas

292 nt Bacillus thuringiensis strains to express Cry-type toxins in transgenic crops is a common strategy

293 The lack of magnetic responses for both Cry types at wavelengths above 420 nm does not fit the w

294 ols this negative feedback loop by promoting CRY ubiquitination and degradation.

295 We show that CRY ubiquitination engages two competing E3 ligase compl

296 x and a multifaceted regulatory mechanism of CRY ubiquitination.

297 this finding, we show that in the absence of CRY very limited expression of PER in a few dorsal clock

298 VT (F8,18 = 0.548; P = .81) but tendency to cry was positively correlated with MAO-A VT in the prefr

299 ning molecules that target the cryptochrome (CRY) were thus discovered.

300 e the blue light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY), which is required for both light entrainment and c

301 A resolution crystal structure of Drosophila CRY with an intact C terminus.