ライフサイエンスコーパス: Cys-tRNA

1 kground, suggesting that YbaK functions as a Cys-tRNA Pro deacylase in vivo.

2 checkpoints to prevent formation of Ala- and Cys-tRNA(Pro) have been described, including the Ala-spe

3 eal and eukaryotic Sec-tRNA biosynthesis and Cys-tRNA synthesis in methanogens require O-phosophosery

4 at preferentially hydrolyze Cys-tRNA Pro and Cys-tRNA Cys and are also weak deacylases that cleave Gl

5 ins that function to clear Ala-tRNA(Pro) and Cys-tRNA(Pro) in vivo.

6 ithin the context of missense suppression by Cys-tRNA(Pro), Ser-tRNA(Thr), Glu-tRNA(Gln), and Asp-tRN

7 d that proS or MJ1477 gene products catalyze Cys-tRNA(Cys) synthesis in M. jannaschii.

8 YbaK to hydrolyze in vivo correctly charged Cys-tRNA Cys was tested in E. coli strain X2913 (ybaK+).

9 ingle-domain INS homolog, YbaK, which clears Cys-tRNA(Pro) in trans.

10 In contrast, Cys-tRNA(Pro) is cleared by a freestanding INS domain ho

11 phoserine (Sep) to form cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys) (Cys-tRNA(Cys)) in methanogens that lack the canonical cy

12 archaea synthesize the cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys) (Cys-tRNA(Cys)) needed for protein synthesis using both a

13 talyze the synthesis of cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys) (Cys-tRNA(Cys)) to make up for the absence of the canonic

14 trast, the INS domain is unable to deacylate Cys-tRNA(Pro), which is hydrolyzed exclusively by a free

15 domain (INS) but lack the capability to edit Cys-tRNA(Pro).

16 ontains two enzymes, ProCysRS and CysRS, for Cys-tRNA formation.

17 Most organisms form Cys-tRNA(Cys), an essential component for protein synthe

18 NA as substrate, this ProRS was able to form Cys-tRNA and Pro-tRNA in vitro.

19 nd E. coli ProRS enzymes were unable to form Cys-tRNA under these conditions.

20 maripaludis ProCysRS was capable of forming Cys-tRNA, implying that the dual-specificity enzyme comp

21 Cys)) and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (forming Cys-tRNA(Cys)).

22 A number of archaeal organisms generate Cys-tRNA(Cys) in a two-step pathway, first charging phos

23 with phosphoseryl-tRNA([Ser]Sec) to generate Cys-tRNA([Ser]Sec).

24 RNA deacylases that preferentially hydrolyze Cys-tRNA Pro and Cys-tRNA Cys and are also weak deacylas

25 Instead, Cys-tRNA(Pro) is cleared by a single-domain homolog of I

26 gs, YbaK and ProX, can hydrolyze misacylated Cys-tRNA Pro or Ala-tRNA Pro.

27 was recently shown to hydrolyze misacylated Cys-tRNA(Pro) in trans.

28 in vitro onto tRNA(Pro), and the misacylated Cys-tRNA(Pro) was not edited by ProRS.

29 the enzyme responsible for the formation of Cys-tRNA is cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CysRS).

30 e-examination of the evolutionary history of Cys-tRNA(Cys) formation.

31 Thus, the mechanism of Cys-tRNA(Cys) formation in M. jannaschii still remains t

32 port a novel substrate-assisted mechanism of Cys-tRNA(Pro) deacylation that prevents nonspecific Pro-

33 indicating the unusual and complex nature of Cys-tRNA(Cys) synthesis in this organism.

34 eactions of the two-step indirect pathway of Cys-tRNA(Cys) synthesis (tRNA-dependent cysteine biosynt

35 fluenzae ybaK decreased the in vivo ratio of Cys-tRNA Cys to tRNA Cys from 65 to 35% and reduced the

36 e of the enzyme involved in the synthesis of Cys-tRNA(Cys) in M. jannaschii.

37 jannaschii ProRS catalyzes the synthesis of Cys-tRNA(Pro) readily, the enzyme is unable to edit this

38 NA synthetase as the enzyme that carries out Cys-tRNA formation.

39 (CysRS), the essential enzyme that provides Cys-tRNA(Cys) for translation in most organisms.

40 46CCA missense mutant strain, which requires Cys-tRNA(Pro) for growth in the absence of thymine.

41 isacylated intermediate is then converted to Cys-tRNA(Cys) by Sep-tRNA:Cys-tRNA synthase (SepCysS) vi

42 ms Sep-tRNA(Cys), which is then converted to Cys-tRNA(Cys) by SepCysS.

43 tRNA(Cys) and subsequently converting it to Cys-tRNA(Cys).

44 based on the conversion of Sep-tRNA(Sec) to Cys-tRNA(Sec) during selenium starvation, cannot be excl

45 e (SepCysS), which catalyzes the Sep-tRNA to Cys-tRNA conversion in methanogens, also possess a [3Fe-

46 As the conversions of Sep-tRNA to Cys-tRNA or to selenocysteinyl-tRNA are chemically analo

47 Cysteinyl-tRNA (Cys-tRNA) is essential for protein synthesis.

48 h prolyl-tRNA (Pro-tRNA) and cysteinyl-tRNA (Cys-tRNA) suitable for in vivo translation.

49 logs as well as phosphoseryl-tRNA (Sep-tRNA):Cys-tRNA synthase (SepCysS), which catalyzes the Sep-tRN

50 ller number of aa-tRNAs (Asn-tRNA, Gln-tRNA, Cys-tRNA and Sec-tRNA) are made by synthesizing the amin

51 which is then converted to Cys by Sep-tRNA: Cys-tRNA synthase.

52 Sep-tRNA:Cys-tRNA synthase (SepCysS) catalyzes the sulfhydrylatio

53 In the following step, Sep-tRNA:Cys-tRNA synthase (SepCysS) converts Sep to Cys in a tRN

54 then converted to Cys-tRNA(Cys) by Sep-tRNA:Cys-tRNA synthase (SepCysS) via a pyridoxal phosphate-de

55 f tRNA-bounded Sep into cysteine by Sep-tRNA:Cys-tRNA synthase (SepCysS).

56 hoseryl-tRNA synthetase (SepRS) and Sep-tRNA:Cys-tRNA synthase (SepCysS).

57 The trend in EF-Tu.Cys-tRNA(Cys) binding energies observed as the result of

58 he structural dynamics of tRNA and the EF-Tu.Cys-tRNA(Cys) interface.

59 des the "missing" CysRS activity for in vivo Cys-tRNA(Cys) formation.