ライフサイエンスコーパス: ENSO

1 ENSO amplitude forecast errors are most strongly associa

2 ENSO and seasonal climate forecasts might offer the oppo

3 ENSO effects are location-specific and in southeastern U

4 ENSO exposure was based on the Multivariate ENSO Index.

5 ENSO originates in the tropical Pacific through interact

6 ENSO variability has been suggested to be linked to mill

7 ENSO was associated more with vector-borne disease [rela

8 In addition, ENSO variability was skewed toward cold events along coa

9 the stratosphere, which are known to affect ENSO strength by modulating stratospheric ozone levels (

10 However, although ENSO is known to influence hydrology in many regions of

11 Yields varied among ENSO phases from 1971-2013, with greater yields observed

12 strong zonal gradient to one with amplified ENSO and weak gradient.

13 soon (WAM) as critical factors in amplifying ENSO's response to insolation forcing through changes in

14 e we show that El Nino--the warm phase of an ENSO cycle--effectively discharges heat into the eastern

15 e relationship between dolphin abundance and ENSO, Southern Annular Mode, austral season, rainfall, s

16 ategies quantifying both, climate change and ENSO effects on month-specific growing season climate co

17 dampening during cool glacial conditions and ENSO forcing by precessional orbital variations.

18 d between tropical wetland CH4 emissions and ENSO events, which was caused by the combined time lag e

19 The complex evolution of forcings and ENSO feedbacks and the uncertainties in the reconstructi

20 s zonal sea-surface temperature gradient and ENSO variability during large climate changes and provid

21 s due to frequency increases of both WWV and ENSO.

22 we developed a modeling framework to assess ENSO's influence on flood risk at the global scale, expr

23 Because ENSO has some predictive skill with lead times of severa

24 trongest evidence for an association between ENSO and disease is provided by time-series analysis wit

25 dicate a strong negative correlation between ENSO variability and zonal gradient of sea-surface tempe

26 The tight coupling between ENSO and the annual cycle is particularly pronounced ove

27 , which is the main atmospheric link between ENSO and the East Asian Monsoon system, can be explained

28 d previous research has shown a link between ENSO patterns and cholera in Bangladesh.

29 ted equally to the difference in NEP between ENSO year 1998 and non-ENSO year 2000.

30 The strong relation between ENSO and populations affected by natural disasters can b

31 We find a robust relationship between ENSO and southeast Asian SATs wherein virtually all Apri

32 or understanding of the relationship between ENSO variability and long-term changes in Tropical Pacif

33 time series analysis support a role for both ENSO and previous disease levels in the dynamics of chol

34 region of northwest Australia is muted, but ENSO-driven changes to the monsoon may have complemented

35 phin abundance was significantly affected by ENSO, and that the magnitude of the effect was dependent

36 ern Ecuador, which is strongly influenced by ENSO variability, and covers the past 12,000 years conti

37 fter 1985, whereas variance in the canonical ENSO and Pacific Decadal Oscillation did not change.

38 r, we also find that during the 20th century ENSO has been strong compared with ENSO of previous cool

39 Twentieth-century ENSO variance is significantly higher than average fossi

40 Globally, land NPP did not exhibit a clear ENSO response, although regional changes were substantia

41 By contrast, ENSO was associated with more enteric disease in non-Wes

42 gnificantly higher than average fossil coral ENSO variance but is not unprecedented.

43 deficiencies in capturing the developing CP-ENSO and anomalous Asian Low.

44 ral-Pacific El Nino-Southern Oscillation (CP-ENSO), the rapid deepening of the Asian Low and the stre

45 und 1500-1650 CE, from a state with dampened ENSO and strong zonal gradient to one with amplified ENS

46 During the early deglaciation, ENSO characteristics change drastically in response to m

47 he Walker circulation anomalies at different ENSO phases all resemble those in nature.

48 Palaeoclimate studies have documented ENSO variability for selected intervals in the Holocene,

49 f increased or decreased flood hazard during ENSO events is much more complex than is often perceived

50 lower net ecosystem production (NEP) during ENSO year 1998 compared with non-ENSO year 2000 in a Cos

51 ons than the changes in precipitation during ENSO periods.

52 ises the modal temperature threshold of each ENSO cycle.

53 ked to a multicentury perturbation of either ENSO-like variability or the ITCZ, imply a high sensitiv

54 olution in the future by suggesting enhanced ENSO variability under a global warming scenario.

55 likelihood of adverse impacts during extreme ENSO events.

56 hat is, the NTA SST triggering the following ENSO via a subtropical teleconnection mechanism) process

57 Islands, located in the center of action for ENSO.

58 Evidence for ENSO's effect on other mosquito-borne and rodent-borne d

59 n ocean thermal structure are precursors for ENSO events and their initial specification is essential

60 ow that climate variability, especially from ENSO, should be incorporated into disaster-risk analyses

61 enge and opportunity for constraining future ENSO responses.

62 monsoon, and recent changes in the historic ENSO-monsoon relationship raise the possibility that the

63 Some recent changes in ENSO may have been unique since 1800, whereas the recent

64 f coupled internal variability on changes in ENSO under anthropogenic global warming using the Commun

65 Our results suggest that forced changes in ENSO, whether natural or anthropogenic, may be difficult

66 lity (BJ) index analysis, enhanced errors in ENSO amplitude with forecast lead times are found to be

67 One of the major limitations in ENSO prediction is our poor understanding of the relatio

68 e with the effects of natural modulations in ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) metrics, as well as h

69 to four years, and matched periodicities in ENSO conditions.

70 variability may also play an active role in ENSO evolution, and thus important in forecasting El Nin

71 ge significantly over time or with shifts in ENSO.

72 variability in the Pacific including that in ENSO and the PSHs during recent decades.

73 rors in the thermocline feedback and thus in ENSO amplitude.

74 , with no evidence for a systematic trend in ENSO variance, which is contrary to some models that exh

75 of ocean-atmosphere internal variability in ENSO projections.

76 M due to anthropogenic warming may influence ENSO variability in the future as well.

77 The most intense ENSO activity within the reconstruction occurred during

78 reas retreating glacial ice sheets intensify ENSO.

79 changes in insolation, and suggest internal ENSO dynamics as a possible cause of the millennial vari

80 t Glacial Maximum (LGM) provide insight into ENSO behavior when global boundary conditions (ice sheet

81 The 'charging' (that is, ENSO imprinting the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) sea su

82 SST anomalies in the Eastern Pacific (a key ENSO indicator) is highest in the last quarter of the pr

83 sand) were observed during the three largest ENSO events of the past 2 decades.

84 parent mismatch in both timing and location: ENSO peaks in winter and its surface warming occurs most

85 Periods of relatively high and low ENSO activity, alternating at a timescale of about 2,000

86 s of this delayed ocean transport mechanism, ENSO provides an additional heat supply favourable for t

87 The modern ENSO regime was established ~3000 to 4500 years ago.

88 forcings may have dwarfed the fairly modest ENSO response to precessional insolation changes simulat

89 e aerosols from ice cores, encompassing more ENSO periods, is required to reconstruct paleo-ENSO even

90 growth rates (r = -.94) and the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) for all years (r = .74).

91 nfall, solar radiation, and the Multivariate ENSO Index, respectively.

92 ENSO exposure was based on the Multivariate ENSO Index.

93 consistencies exist between El Nino/La Nina (ENSO) cycles and precipitation in the historical record;

94 winter of 2015, there was a strong El Nino (ENSO) event, resulting in significant anomalies for mete

95 erence in NEP between ENSO year 1998 and non-ENSO year 2000.

96 +/- 0.2 per thousand) in nonvolcanic and non-ENSO years, thus requiring a second source that may be t

97 There is also clear evidence that other non-ENSO climatic variations have a strong control on spatia

98 NEP) during ENSO year 1998 compared with non-ENSO year 2000 in a Costa Rican tropical rainforest.

99 which enables the model to capture observed ENSO statistics such as the probability density function

100 a significant extratropical forcing agent of ENSO.

101 These efforts reveal the breadth of ENSO's influence on the Earth system and the potential t

102 The frequency change of ENSO and WWV were linked to a westward shift of the Bjer

103 The second most predictable component of ENSO evolution, with lower prediction skill and smaller

104 ctive for the most predictable components of ENSO.

105 to understand the causes and consequences of ENSO have greatly expanded in the past few years.

106 however, the direct ocean thermal control of ENSO on TCs has not been taken into consideration becaus

107 ections, resulting from opposing controls of ENSO on precipitation between the Northern Hemisphere (p

108 ically captures the statistical diversity of ENSO.

109 The effect of ENSO on cholera risk in Bangladesh, and malaria epidemic

110 litude may be due to the combined effects of ENSO dampening during cool glacial conditions and ENSO f

111 s caused by the combined time lag effects of ENSO events on precipitation and temperature over tropic

112 nd linear model selection showed evidence of ENSO-driven synchrony in growth among all four taxa at i

113 This record provides evidence of ENSO-like climate variability during near-peak glacial c

114 empts to simulate the transient evolution of ENSO have relied on simplified models or snapshot experi

115 El Nino and La Nina events, the extremes of ENSO climate variability, influence river flow and flood

116 ts effect on ENSO evolution and forecasts of ENSO has been less explored.

117 ur study suggests that reliable forecasts of ENSO strongly rely on correctly modeling the meridional

118 o investigate the amplitude and frequency of ENSO and interdecadal climate events.

119 ure changes in the strength and frequency of ENSO events are likely to have major consequences for bo

120 trends, were used to evaluate the impact of ENSO on disease incidence over lags of up to 12 mo.

121 We studied the impact of ENSO on infectious diseases in four census regions in th

122 The impact of ENSO suggests that warmer temperatures and extreme varia

123 elds in many regions, the overall impacts of ENSO on global yields are uncertain.

124 re we present a global map of the impacts of ENSO on the yields of major crops and quantify its impac

125 from 2000 to 2014 to explore the impacts of ENSO on variability of semi-arid ecosystems, using the E

126 Our findings highlight the importance of ENSO to global crop production.

127 ea coupling region will cause an increase of ENSO frequency, as the corresponding zonal advection fee

128 urface temperature (SST) anomalies (index of ENSO) and the rates of persons affected by natural disas

129 The influence of ENSO on monsoon precipitation in this region of northwes

130 ta sets suggest a gradual intensification of ENSO over the past approximately 6,000 years.

131 r study indicates that an intensification of ENSO will have negative effects on some mangrove forests

132 If the frequency and/or magnitude of ENSO events were to change in the future, this finding c

133 r, the coral data imply that the majority of ENSO variability over the last millennium may have arise

134 ionships with the Nino-4 index (a measure of ENSO status), with positive growth patterns occurring du

135 The periodic nature of ENSO may make it a useful natural experiment for evaluat

136 ending on time of year and the occurrence of ENSO events, settlement of Hawai'i and New Zealand is po

137 the Eastern Tropical Pacific, a parameter of ENSO.

138 omponent (MSN EOF1) is the decaying phase of ENSO during the Northern Hemisphere spring, followed by

139 This result suggests that decay phase of ENSO is more predictable than the growth phase.

140 on surface water storage, the warm phase of ENSO preconditions the lower Mississippi River to be vul

141 equency of El Nino events, the warm phase of ENSO, was linked to North Atlantic warm or cold periods.

142 en associated with the 1998 La Nina phase of ENSO.

143 e conditions, suggesting that both phases of ENSO provide a favorable background for the occurrence o

144 ut the corals also document a broad range of ENSO behaviour that correlates poorly with these estimat

145 Here, we present a reconstruction of ENSO in the eastern tropical Pacific spanning the past 1

146 We analyzed fossil coral reconstructions of ENSO spanning the past 7000 years from the Northern Line

147 cal "ocean dynamical thermostat" response of ENSO to exogenous radiative forcing.

148 a better understanding of the sensitivity of ENSO to climate change.

149 To understand the significance of ENSO and other climatic oscillations to heat stress in t

150 ulates an orbitally induced strengthening of ENSO during the Holocene epoch, which is caused by incre

151 According to the classical theories of ENSO, subsurface anomalies in ocean thermal structure ar

152 To improve our understanding of ENSO's sensitivity to external climate forcing, it is pa

153 global warming requires quantitative data on ENSO under different climate regimes.

154 in response to El Nino events, its effect on ENSO evolution and forecasts of ENSO has been less explo

155 pheric concentrations of greenhouse gases on ENSO variability.

156 rounding the impact of greenhouse warming on ENSO strength and frequency has stimulated efforts to de

157 inked to super El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (1997-1998)-induced changes in troposphere-stratos

158 the signal of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity became erratic.

159 e temperature, El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity, and the tropical Pacific zonal gradient

160 onship between El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and ENP TCs.

161 ability of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its coupling with the Intertropical Convergenc

162 forces of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and levels of atmospheric aerosols drive regional-

163 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other climate patterns can have profound impac

164 racts with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Asian monsoon, and recent changes in the h

165 ip between the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (weak monsoon arisin

166 ation features-El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-over much

167 related to the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO).

168 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the variability in the Pacific subtropical hig

169 the 1991-1992 El Nino-southern oscillation (ENSO) caused increased precipitation that allowed an inc

170 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) creates strong variations in sea surface temperatu

171 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle of alternating warm El Nino and cold La Nina

172 prevalence and El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles was examined using cross-wavelet analyses a

173 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives large changes in global climate patterns fr

174 variability of El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the Holocene epoch, in particular on millen

175 olution of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the Holocene remains uncertain.

176 trength during El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events can indicate future behavior under climate

177 nce the 1980s, El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events have been more frequently associated with c

178 e influence of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, and "shortest-hop" trajectories, demonstra

179 ponents of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) evolution in real-time multi-model predictions are

180 application of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) forecasts, including the development of successful

181 status of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) had the highest correlation with adult growth chro

182 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a strong influence on the U.S. climate and is

183 ication of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has increased variation in sea level.

184 ility like the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has proven challenging, due in part to the limited

185 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has significant impact on global climate and seaso

186 regions where El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impacts on upwelling and nutrient availability wer

187 The role of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in greenhouse warming and climate change remains c

188 gnature of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the record, with strong ENSO influences over re

189 modes such as El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence population dynamics in many species, inc

190 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate event that originates in the Pacific

191 El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major source of global interannual variabilit

192 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is Earth's dominant source of interannual climate

193 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is one of the most important components of the glo

194 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the main driver of interannual climate extremes

195 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most dominant interannual signal of climate

196 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most potent source of interannual climate v

197 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most prominent global climate system associ

198 ecasting using El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) may assist in anticipating epidemics and targeting

199 anding how the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) may change with climate is a major challenge, give

200 Although the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) often affects seasonal temperature and precipitati

201 impact of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on CH4 emissions from wetlands remains poorly quan

202 El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases (La Nina, neutral, and El Nino years) appea

203 impact of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and long-term warming on regional SAT e

204 The El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is believed to have operated continuous

205 esponse of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon to forcing from explosive volcanism by

206 te change, the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon would be an important factor influencin

207 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, the most pronounced feature of interna

208 ability in the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon.

209 opical Pacific El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) records differ is an important piece of the puzzle

210 The El Nino-Southern oscillation (ENSO) simulated in the Community Earth System Model of t

211 Today, the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) system is the primary driver of interannual variab

212 suggestive of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections into North America during the late

213 esponse of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to global warming requires quantitative data on EN

214 al Pacific and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability after 2000 are documented.

215 ipitation, the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation are construct

216 year after an El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), captures of P. maniculatus increased only in high

217 ice cover, the El Nio Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Atlantic Nio and the Indian Dipole Mode.

218 nt mode of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the primary driver of modern TC variability.

219 ion to El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO)--in particular, extreme El Nino and La Nina events

220 e amplitude of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-driven sea surface temperature variability.

221 the 1997/1998 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-the strongest on record-combined with an unprecede

222 iated with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

223 ability of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

224 n climate, the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

225 fluence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

226 gous to modern El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

227 t frequency of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

228 ssociated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

229 largely by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

230 changes in the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

231 ynamics of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

232 c Index (NPI), El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)] to explain decadal-scale (1965-2008) patterns of

233 The "El Nino Southern Oscillation" (ENSO) occurs irregularly and is associated with changing

234 via the Ozone El-Nino Southern Oscillations (ENSO) Index (OEI).

235 cillation will need to be confirmed in other ENSO proxy records.

236 atural modulations; however, central Pacific ENSO amplitude significantly decreases, to an extent com

237 Changes in eastern Pacific ENSO SST metrics due to climate change are secondary to

238 Consistent with most palaeo-ENSO reconstructions, our model simulates an orbitally i

239 SO periods, is required to reconstruct paleo-ENSO events and paleotropical ozone variations.

240 In particular, ENSO influences the yearly variations of tropical cyclon

241 and provides a unique insight into potential ENSO evolution in the future by suggesting enhanced ENSO

242 tional nonlinearities reproduces a realistic ENSO cycle with intermittent El Nino and La Nina events

243 ironmental conditions associated with recent ENSO cycles may have influenced the patterns in disease

244 relative to preindustrial climate can reduce ENSO variability by 25%, more than twice the decrease ob

245 equatorial cold tongue, resulting in reduced ENSO variability during the LGM compared to the Late Hol

246 However, many intertwined issues regarding ENSO dynamics, impacts, forecasting, and applications re

247 opical wetlands respond strongly to repeated ENSO events, with negative anomalies occurring during El

248 historical record; for example, significant ENSO-precipitation correlations were present in only 31%

249 tial specification is essential for skillful ENSO forecast.

250 on rainfall at a normal level despite strong ENSO events.

251 A second strong ENSO occurred in 1997-1998, after a period of considerab

252 scillation (ENSO) in the record, with strong ENSO influences over recent decades, but weaker influenc

253 Historians have argued that ENSO may have driven global patterns of civil conflict i

254 We conclude that ENSO was sensitive to changes in climate boundary condit

255 Here, we demonstrate that ENSO drives intrabasin variability of ENP TCs, with enha

256 We found that ENSO variance was close to the modern level in the early

257 This result, which indicates that ENSO may have had a role in 21% of all civil conflicts s

258 We show that ENSO exerts strong and widespread influences on both flo

259 ed corals from Papua New Guinea to show that ENSO has existed for the past 130,000 years, operating e

260 Palaeoclimate records show that ENSO has varied considerably since the Last Glacial Maxi

261 ost of new paleoclimate records suggest that ENSO internal variability or other external forcings may

262 These results suggest that ENSO was not tied directly to the east-west temperature

263 Our study suggests that ENSO forecasts will benefit from more accurate salinity

264 The ENSO amplitude simulated in the feedback run is more acc

265 The ENSO can explain 49% of interannual variations for tropi

266 tionship between wind burst activity and the ENSO.

267 y the magnitude of changes that followed the ENSO-induced SST warming that affected the Indian Ocean

268 The ocean forcing from the ENSO is secondary and tends to be confined in the tropic

269 torial Pacific played a decisive role in the ENSO response to LGM climate.

270 Due to the weaker amplitude of the ENSO forcing, these sub-seasonal atmospheric responses c

271 emissions to investigate the impacts of the ENSO on CH4 emissions in tropical wetlands for the perio

272 t activity has a direct causal effect on the ENSO variability: in particular, it intermittently trigg

273 ay have arisen from dynamics internal to the ENSO system itself.

274 surface salinities, which are linked to the ENSO system, influenced the annual growth of fishes, tre

275 tions show significant associations with the ENSO cycle, being highest in the post-Nino year and El N

276 t on the dynamics linking ENP TC activity to ENSO, and highlight the importance of improving CAGW rep

277 orthern Hemisphere (positively correlated to ENSO) and the Southern Hemisphere (negatively correlated

278 outhern Hemisphere (negatively correlated to ENSO).

279 cy has strong interannual variability due to ENSO (El-Nino/Southern Oscillation), with more events un

280 faster responses of semi-arid ecosystems to ENSO than the Northern Hemisphere.

281 nly driven by convective activity related to ENSO and that the barotropic nature of the subtropical i

282 emi-arid ecosystem productivity responded to ENSO in opposite ways between two hemispheres, which may

283 hat the responses of semi-arid vegetation to ENSO occur in opposite directions, resulting from opposi

284 The corals document highly variable ENSO activity, with no evidence for a systematic trend i

285 In WA, ENSO affects the strength of the Leeuwin Current (LC), t

286 mmer monsoon (weak monsoon arising from warm ENSO event) has broken down in recent decades.

287 ale of 2-8 years, which we attribute to warm ENSO events, become more frequent over the Holocene unti

288 r than the canonical eastern Pacific warming ENSO (EPW).

289 tmospheric CO2 concentrations tend to weaken ENSO, whereas retreating glacial ice sheets intensify EN

290 c settings, including prehistoric times when ENSO and the Asian monsoon behaved differently from the

291 Walker circulation anomalies associated with ENSO events may lead to a reduced subsidence over the In

292 health of natural disasters associated with ENSO.

293 asters worldwide is strongly associated with ENSO; rates are greater during the first El Nino year (p

294 h century ENSO has been strong compared with ENSO of previous cool (glacial) and warm (interglacial)

295 en cholera and climate patterns coupled with ENSO forecasting could be used to notify countries in Af

296 Here we present a 155-year ENSO reconstruction from a central tropical Pacific cora

297 ell as its delicate feedback with the zonal (ENSO) mode.