ライフサイエンスコーパス: El Nino

1 fferent teleconnections from the traditional El Nino.

2 the positive Bjerknes feedback critical for El Nino.

3 current data including the extreme 1997-1998 El Nino.

4 nded drought period associated with a strong El Nino.

5 hown to capture the key mechanisms of the CP El Nino.

6 at and drought associated with the 1997-1998 El Nino.

7 w D. gigas to rapidly adapt to and cope with El Nino.

8 l cycle, and the variability associated with El Nino.

9 nections in part driven by the major 1939-42 El Nino.

10 ge: 4.4-6.7 PgC) estimated for the 1997/1998 El Nino.

11 016 anomaly was caused by warming and 49% by El Nino.

12 ivity of pelagic fish to exploitation during El Nino.

13 variable climate conditions associated with El Nino.

14 rees C in response to the developing Pacific El Nino.

15 opical jets during La-Nina and weaker during El-Nino.

16 ccurate hindcasts for the 7 major historical El Ninos.

17 poral variation in amphibian losses, whereas El Nino accounted for 59% of the remaining variation.

18 warming of West Antarctica, associated with El Nino activity.

19 El Nino and its effect on local meteorological condition

20 ces a realistic ENSO cycle with intermittent El Nino and La Nina events of varying intensity and stre

21 n Oscillation (ENSO)--in particular, extreme El Nino and La Nina events that modulate California's cl

22 El Nino and La Nina events, the extremes of ENSO climate

23 The two end members of the cycle, El Nino and La Nina, force anomalous oceanographic condi

24 erature to investigate the global impacts of El Nino and La Nina.

25 provide a more nuanced historical record of El Nino and similar rapid environmental change events.

26 natural radiative forcing changes involving El Nino and the North Atlantic Oscillation-Arctic Oscill

27 s associated with a strengthened relation to El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO)--in particul

28 es of 5-y CP El Ninos is followed by a super El Nino and then a La Nina.

29 eruptions tend to shorten La Ninas, lengthen El Ninos and induce anomalous warming when occurring dur

30 Strong El-Nino and positive Indian Ocean Dipole conditions are

31 in response to recurrent disturbances (like El Nino) and climatological and environmental perturbati

32 ular moderate traditional El Nino, the super El Nino, and the central Pacific (CP) El Nino as well as

33 We show how the decay time of the El Nino anomaly in this data set can be useful in constr

34 The 2014 El Nino, anticipated to be a strong event in early 2014,

35 Specifically, El Nino as an extreme climate event is known to have not

36 super El Nino, and the central Pacific (CP) El Nino as well as the La Nina with realistic features.

37 The super El Nino associated sub-seasonal signal of the East Asian

38 a large-scale cooperative mode--linking the El Nino basin (equatorial Pacific corridor) and the rest

39 re exhibiting stronger correlations with the El Nino basin and are warmer/cooler during El Nino/La Ni

40 ng of the eastern equatorial Pacific, dubbed El Nino by Peruvian fishermen, has major (and occasional

41 north, an area buffered from the effects of El Nino by tidal upwelling and a well-mixed water column

42 Models that better simulate the observed El Nino-CA precipitation teleconnection yield larger, an

43 El Nino can shift the forming position of the Western Pa

44 has very likely been fueled by the 2015-2016 El Nino climate phenomenon affecting the region.

45 temporally unconfounded evidence that global El Nino climatic events drive widespread amphibian losse

46 In Africa, El Nino conditions are associated with increased rainfal

47 ally and were alleviated by strengthening of El Nino conditions through indirect pathways, a consiste

48 l data and predict more than 60% (90% during El Nino conditions) of rainfall events above the 99th pe

49 ith more events under La-Nina and less under El-Nino conditions.

50 ng rapid shifts from cold (La Nina) to warm (El Nino) conditions in that region.

51 The Central Pacific El Nino (CP El Nino) has been frequently observed in rec

52 B) in June was a key factor that impeded the El Nino development.

53 the intersection of demography, economy, and El Nino-driven beach-ridge formation on the Chira beach-

54 We used an El Nino drought event as a natural experiment to test wh

55 trees was disproportionately elevated under El Nino drought stress.

56 Across Borneo the 1997-1998 El Nino drought temporarily halted the carbon sink by in

57 ure gradient in Panama that have experienced El Nino droughts.

58 Recent research suggests that the 2014/15 El Nino (EN) event was stalled as a result of an unusual

59 The extreme El Nino (EN) events in 1997/98 and 1982/83, referred to

60 uring the winter of 2015, there was a strong El Nino (ENSO) event, resulting in significant anomalies

61 at lasts for 5 y, which resembles the two CP El Nino episodes during 1990-1995 and 2002-2006.

62 events, and the strength of Central Pacific El Nino episodes, climate change might exacerbate worldw

63 work analysis, which allows projection of an El Nino event about 1 y ahead.

64 ar pattern was observed during the 2015-2016 El Nino event during which time corals in the northern R

65 bal warming slowdown or hiatus after the big El Nino event in 1997/98 raises the questions of whether

66 An El Nino event in 2009-2010, was accompanied by a collaps

67 ll can be attributed to the concurrent super El Nino event in the tropical Pacific.

68 The powerful El Nino event of 2015-2016 - the third most intense sinc

69 atmospheric CO2 concentrations to the strong El Nino event of 2015-2016.

70 ian cockles from the 1982-83 large magnitude El Nino event shows significant alterations of the chemi

71 This coincided with the single El Nino event that occurred throughout the study period.

72 more shown to be inadequate in 2014 when an El Nino event was widely predicted by international clim

73 hers are faced with the prospect of a future El Nino event, prudent management and observation will r

74 ionally dry interval caused by the 1986-1987 El Nino event.

75 ea, likely favoured by the concurrent strong El Nino event.

76 cholera transmission, a relationship between El Nino events and cholera incidence is highly plausible

77 framework to examine the potential impact of El Nino events and natural variability on rice agricultu

78 fied at both regional and global scales, and El Nino events are expected to become more severe based

79 The occurrence of several El Nino events contributed to a lower decadal mean growt

80 ontrast, potential intensification of future El Nino events could negatively impact vital rates and p

81 show that biota respond differently to major El Nino events during positive or negative phases of the

82 It has been hypothesized that El Nino events facilitate eastward dispersal across this

83 ur method correctly predicted the absence of El Nino events in 2012 and 2013 and now announce that ou

84 ough Pyrodinium HABs have been attributed to El Nino events in the tropical Indo-West Pacific, the re

85 perature, indicating that a warm Pacific and El Nino events induce drought at interannual and interde

86 Central Pacific El Nino events may become more frequent in coming decade

87 The far-reaching impacts of central Pacific El Nino events on global climate differ appreciably from

88 y of Machala, following one of the strongest El Nino events on record.

89 The increase in the number of extreme El Nino events projected for the twenty-first century co

90 El Nino events typically lead to delayed rainfall and de

91 ely caused by the interaction of these super El Nino events with the subtropical jet annual cycle.

92 sual SSTs in the Tropical Pacific (including El Nino events) and Atlantic were the main drivers of ex

93 ely related to the magnitude and duration of El Nino events, but were also sensitive to the phase of

94 Our analysis shows a rapid recovery from El Nino events, implying a shorter cycling time of CO(2)

95 n Pacific warm pool) can vary in response to El Nino events, its effect on ENSO evolution and forecas

96 During El Nino events, NDVI was reduced about 16.6% across an a

97 ers regular El Nino or La Nina events, super El Nino events, or no events at all, which enables the m

98 ges in atmospheric CO2 concentrations during El Nino events-a phenomenon inferred but not previously

99 y from those associated with eastern Pacific El Nino events.

100 ing future droughts, usually associated with El Nino events.

101 ved to affect the evolution and diversity of El Nino events.

102 associated with climatic variability such as El Nino events.

103 al dry climate phases associated with strong El Nino events.

104 alifornia Current in relation to 10 tropical El Nino events.

105 ic responses cannot be detected for moderate El Nino events.

106 misphere but with exceptions, such as during El Nino events.

107 evolution, and thus important in forecasting El Nino events.

108 bility, thus favoring more frequent and weak El Nino events.

109 and the Oceanic Nino Index, an indicator of El Nino events.

110 y lower food availability in years following El Nino events.

111 vere cycle of natural disasters-earthquakes, El Nino flooding, beach ridge formation, and sand dune i

112 hts that peaked later than those expected by El Nino forcing alone.

113 The enormous societal importance of accurate El Nino forecasts has long been recognized.

114 n framework, which uses seasonal climate and El Nino forecasts, allows a prediction to be made at the

115 ibrated y B.P. in association with increased El Nino frequency.

116 In the 6-12 months preceding a flood, El Nino generates a positive precipitation anomaly over

117 mean annual fluxes for 2014, the most recent El Nino has contributed to an excess CO2 emission from t

118 The Central Pacific El Nino (CP El Nino) has been frequently observed in recent decades.

119 s bracketing the cloud base during a severe, El Nino-impacted dry season.

120 have been partially attributed to the strong El Nino in 2015, however there is still a lack of fundam

121 ed (in September 2013 already) the return of El Nino in late 2014 with a 3-in-4 likelihood.

122 isture and rainfall in the tropics during an El Nino increases the (18)O/(16)O ratio of precipitation

123 rporating several major mechanisms of the CP El Nino into the coupled system.

124 tropical seasonality in the evolution of the El Nino is changing on pentadal (five-year) to decadal t

125 e during the 1990s, where a series of 5-y CP El Ninos is followed by a super El Nino and then a La Ni

126 This correction is substantial since an "El Nino" is confirmed when the SST anomaly becomes great

127 regions of localized activity vary from one El Nino (La Nina) event to another; still, some El Nino

128 Nino (La Nina) event to another; still, some El Nino (La Nina) events are more similar to each other.

129 ncy in the western portion of the ENP during El Nino (La Nina), but reduced (enhanced) TC frequency i

130 inds (CAGW), which intensify (weaken) during El Nino (La Nina), producing low-level anticyclonic (cyc

131 However, inconsistencies exist between El Nino/La Nina (ENSO) cycles and precipitation in the h

132 That is, when the influences of El Nino/La Nina are strong enough to isolate more than 4

133 improve the understanding and prediction of El Nino/La Nina events and also may be applied in the in

134 e El Nino basin and are warmer/cooler during El Nino/La Nina periods.

135 While El Nino leads to enhancements of upper tropospheric ozon

136 The 2015-2016 El Nino led to historically high temperatures and low pr

137 st (second) type is associated with La Nina (El Nino) like conditions, suggesting that both phases of

138 with inferred solar minima corresponding to El Nino-like (warm) conditions, in apparent agreement wi

139 g hemispheric cooling, which could induce an El Nino-like anomaly, in the equatorial Pacific during t

140 al Pacific that favors the development of an El Nino-like anomaly.

141 ay have been essential for maintaining warm, El Nino-like conditions during the early Pliocene.

142 wn of the atmospheric Hadley circulation and El Nino-like conditions in the equatorial region.

143 The appearance of permanent El Nino-like conditions prior to 3 million years ago is

144 ool North Atlantic sea surface temperatures, El Nino-like conditions, and a negative phase of the Nor

145 ea interactions in the Pacific, favouring an El Nino-like response.El Nino tends to follow 2 years af

146 that support the supposition of a permanent El Nino-like state.

147 d zonal gradient, referred to as a permanent El Nino-like state.

148 thern Hemisphere and North Atlantic cooling, El Nino-like warming in the Pacific, and a southward dis

149 conflict with the supposition of "permanent El Nino-like" conditions during the early Pliocene.

150 Results show that El Nino likely improves the global-mean soybean yield by

151 ce those associated with the record breaking El Nino of 1997.

152 Launched just before one of the most intense El Ninos of the past century, OCO-2 measurements of [For

153 orcing and coastal response of the 2015-2016 El Nino, one of the strongest of the last 145 years.

154 rticular, it intermittently triggers regular El Nino or La Nina events, super El Nino events, or no e

155 rs over the past two millennia to entrenched El Nino or La Nina states of the tropical Pacific.

156 eliable anomalies of flood risk exist during El Nino or La Nina years, or both, in basins spanning al

157 ts, with negative anomalies occurring during El Nino periods and with positive anomalies occurring du

158 In contrast to non-El Nino periods, these stronger in-weighted activities a

159 71-2013, with greater yields observed during El Nino phase.

160 tmosphere system toward a moderate to strong El Nino--potentially an extreme event according to some

161 conclusions, pointing to inherent limits in El Nino predictability.

162 Here we introduce a unique avenue toward El Nino prediction based on network methods, inspecting

163 ve-year) to decadal timescales and thus that El Nino predictions beyond boreal spring will inevitably

164 on either the sign or physical mechanism of El Nino response to volcanism.

165 y wind anomalies in the Pacific favouring an El Nino response.

166 ult of the time involved in ocean transport, El Nino's equatorial subsurface 'heat reservoir', built

167 Africa in El Nino years, likely mediated by El Nino's impact on local climatic factors.

168 The source of anomaly is linked to super El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (1997-1998)-induced

169 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other climate pa

170 sistent with climate dynamics related to the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Deca

171 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) creates strong varia

172 the periodicities of disease prevalence and El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles was examined

173 tropical forest carbon sink strength during El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events can indicate

174 Since the 1980s, El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events have been mor

175 ribution, wind periodicity, the influence of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, and "shortes

176 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a strong influen

177 at climate change and intensification of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has increased variat

178 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has significant impa

179 Large-scale climate modes such as El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence population

180 The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is Earth's dominant

181 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most dominant

182 e strongly influenced by climate change, the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon would be

183 use of errors in predicting the amplitude of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-driven sea surface t

184 ERS resulted from a synergy of the 1997/1998 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-the strongest on rec

185 opics play a key role in the dynamics of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

186 find that the action of climate variability (El Nino southern oscillation and flooding) is quite loca

187 interannual variability driven primarily by El Nino Southern Oscillation cycles.

188 between reductions in annual precipitation, El Nino southern oscillation events, and photosynthetic

189 iance in dry season moisture associated with El Nino Southern Oscillation events.

190 h the Indian Ocean Zonal Mode (IOZM) and the El Nino Southern Oscillation exert strong influence on i

191 mate variability, which explains part of the El Nino Southern Oscillation flavours, can be predicted

192 f spring temperature (local weather) and the El Nino Southern Oscillation index (a global climate cyc

193 e related to apparent intensification of the El Nino Southern Oscillation over this interval and its

194 The "El Nino Southern Oscillation" (ENSO) occurs irregularly

195 duced by climate anomalies from the Pacific (El Nino Southern Oscillation) and Indian Oceans (Indian

196 o multiyear) regional climatic cycles (e.g., El Nino Southern Oscillation)--except when extreme phase

197 portant driver of climate variability is the El Nino Southern Oscillation, which can trigger disaster

198 me scale as demonstrated by responses to the El Nino Southern Oscillation.

199 imately tied to the impact of warming on the El Nino Southern Oscillation.

200 ith global meteorological cycles such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation.

201 troposphere/lower stratosphere via the Ozone El-Nino Southern Oscillations (ENSO) Index (OEI).

202 t is, the development of the central-Pacific El Nino-Southern Oscillation (CP-ENSO), the rapid deepen

203 BP, the signal of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity became erra

204 We reconstructed sea surface temperature, El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity, and the tr

205 al understanding of the relationship between El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and ENP TCs.

206 reef growth was increased variability of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its coupling wit

207 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the variability

208 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives large changes

209 The evolution of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the Holocene

210 The most predictable components of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) evolution in real-ti

211 wledge systems supporting the application of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) forecasts, including

212 Nino-4 index, a measure of the status of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) had the highest corr

213 istent modes of climate variability like the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has proven challengi

214 We further find a clear signature of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the record, with

215 El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major source of

216 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is one of the most i

217 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the main driver o

218 Understanding how the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) may change with clim

219 The impact of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on CH4 emissions fro

220 El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases (La Nina, neu

221 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, the most

222 The El Nino-Southern oscillation (ENSO) simulated in the Com

223 Understanding the response of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to global warming re

224 variability along the equatorial Pacific and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability after 20

225 the land carbon sink, driven largely by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

226 C strength also alter the variability of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

227 y is dominated today by the influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

228 an Pattern (PNA), North Pacific Index (NPI), El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)] to explain decadal-

229 state changes in the Arctic Oscillation and El Nino-Southern Oscillation and associated land-atmosph

230 mportant for understanding phenomena such as El Nino-Southern Oscillation and for interpreting deep o

231 ere feedback explains why the last echoes of El Nino-Southern Oscillation are found in the IO-NWP in

232 te of atmospheric CO2 concentrations and the El Nino-Southern Oscillation are well known, the magnitu

233 highlighted the occurrence and intensity of El Nino-Southern Oscillation as important drivers of the

234 e 2- to 8-year periodicity characteristic of El Nino-Southern Oscillation became evident in the recor

235 Changes in the phase of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation have been shown to alter th

236 e Southern Oscillation Index, an atmospheric El Nino-Southern Oscillation Index.

237 ighly correlated with all India rainfall and El Nino-Southern Oscillation indices.

238 it is correlated with the previous winter's El Nino-Southern Oscillation indices.

239 The El Nino-Southern Oscillation is the dominant mode of int

240 he LC, together with a reconstruction of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation to hindcast historical SST

241 ay be driving an increase in central Pacific El Nino-Southern Oscillation variability and/or its hydr

242 cipitation changes are mainly related to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, East Asian summer monsoon

243 rts on improving the long-term prediction of El Nino-Southern Oscillation, the predictability in stat

244 ary circulation patterns associated with the El Nino-Southern Oscillation.

245 pendence encountered in key statistics of an El-Nino-Southern Oscillation model of intermediate compl

246 sification is primarily attributed to a mega-El Nino/Southern Oscillation (a leading mode of interann

247 debate about how the IOD interacts with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Asian monsoo

248 Although the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) often affects season

249 rming simulations the combined impact of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and long-

250 seasonal temperature and precipitation, the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the Pacific Dec

251 secular changes in the dominant mode of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the primary driver

252 tions ca. 2 ka were caused by changes in the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

253 ical Pacific variability associated with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

254 interannual mode of the modern climate, the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

255 ge mask the natural relationship between the El Nino/Southern Oscillation and AGB stocks in disturbed

256 c dynamics associated with variations in the El Nino/Southern Oscillation and the strength of the Wes

257 is therefore important to understand how the El Nino/Southern Oscillation and the West African monsoo

258 ic can provide conditions for an interannual El Nino/Southern Oscillation event to trigger a transiti

259 El Nino/Southern Oscillation related climate anomalies w

260 Hemisphere westerly wind reconstructions and El Nino/Southern Oscillation variability indicate that p

261 evidence that shows that dynamical patterns (El Nino/Southern Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation

262 sparate atmospheric phenomena, including the El Nino/Southern Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscilla

263 e of these currents-in processes such as the El Nino/Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscill

264 mainly related to convection associated with El Nino/Southern Oscillation.

265 nnual variability is strongly related to the El Nino/Southern Oscillation.

266 strong interannual variability due to ENSO (El-Nino/Southern Oscillation), with more events under La

267 seaway, with the termination of a permanent El Nino state or with tectonic uplift are not large enou

268 tral Pacific, other major features of the CP El Nino such as the rising branch of the anomalous Walke

269 es in the mean circulation reminiscent of an El Nino teleconnection.

270 Pacific, favouring an El Nino-like response.El Nino tends to follow 2 years after volcanic eruptions

271 Here we show that an El Nino tends to peak during the year following large er

272 model succeeds in simulating a series of CP El Nino that lasts for 5 y, which resembles the two CP E

273 nteractions amongst three key climate modes (El Nino, the Indian Ocean dipole, and the southern annul

274 El Nino, the most prominent climate fluctuation at seaso

275 ulate the quasi-regular moderate traditional El Nino, the super El Nino, and the central Pacific (CP)

276 Here we show that El Nino--the warm phase of an ENSO cycle--effectively di

277 nally and are sensitive to phenomena such as El Nino, they have the potential to introduce seasonal t

278 en-year cycle, and a cyclical change from an El Nino to a La Nina dominate our measure of anthropogen

279 he Australian climate which has shifted from El Nino to La Nina.

280 butions of long-term warming and the 2015-16 El Nino to the extreme April 2016 SATs.

281 We also discuss the relevance of the next El Nino to the question of global warming and the presen

282 Though during El Nino, typhoons can take advantage of the longer trave

283 Here we show that during El Nino, typhoons intensify over region undergoing stron

284 occur, even with temporary reprieves such as El Nino, we predict substantial future forest change.

285 ne temperatures were higher than Neutral and El Nino, whereas June precipitation was lower than El Ni

286 PW) is identical to that of the conventional El Nino, whereas the central Pacific warming (CPW) has m

287 Our analysis reveals that all super El Nino winters (1982/83, 1997/98, and 2015/16) were acc

288 Juvenile squid thus appeared to respond to El Nino with an alternative life-history trajectory in w

289 itates the intermittent occurrence of the CP El Nino with realistic amplitude and duration.

290 bservations suggest that they also favour an El Nino within 2 years following the eruption.

291 her reproduction at elevated (CO2 ) in a wet El Nino year near the beginning of the experiment.

292 arbler population growth was lower following El Nino years (which have been linked to poor survival i

293 rising throughout the tropics doubles during El Nino years relative to La Nina years.

294 Cholera incidence during El Nino years was higher in regions of East Africa with

295 llation (ENSO) phases (La Nina, neutral, and El Nino years) appear to be a weaker control on global-s

296 on of cholera incidence throughout Africa in El Nino years, likely mediated by El Nino's impact on lo

297 almost 50,000 additional cases occur during El Nino years.

298 o, whereas June precipitation was lower than El Nino years.

299 in virtually all April extremes occur during El Nino years.

300 er solar radiation and lower rainfall during El Nino years.