ライフサイエンスコーパス: German

1 ation in independent samples of EAs, AAs and Germans.

2 a of 101 bakers with wheat flour allergy (40 German, 37 Dutch, and 24 Spanish) and 29 pollen-sensitiz

3 ng in US Caucasian (91 cases/1031 controls), German (771 cases/1365 controls) and Japanese (1484 case

4 The GAIN (German Adjuvant Intergroup Node-Positive) study was an o

5 pared with nondietary predictors in northern German adults (n = 583).

6 In this sample of German adults, we found a polarization of poor SRH betwe

7 rols) and the Affymetrix 500K array set (283 German AgP cases and 972 controls) highlighted ANRIL as

8 itis (AgP) with the Illumina Immunochip (600 German AgP cases, 1448 controls) and the Affymetrix 500K

9 86 years treated on 2 phase 3 trials of the German AML Cooperative Group (AMLCG).

10 course of 34 AML+13 patients enrolled in the German AMLCG-1999 and SAL trials and performed exome seq

11 iply affected families of Georgian Jewish or German ancestry.

12 er patients undergoing BVS implantation at 2 German and 2 Swiss hospitals.

13 d from 2010 to 2012) were collected from one German and 5 U.S. clinical microbiology laboratories.

14 Interviews were transcribed in German and analysed using the qualitative data analysis

15 Through fine mapping in German and Chilean samples, an approximately 250 kB dise

16 Here, we conducted a GWAS using a German and Dutch case-control sample of aggressive perio

17 lmic residents or fellows in accordance with German and European laws and guidelines.

18 luded articles published in English, French, German and Greek discussing the use of consensus methods

19 We consider the German and Italian transmission grids.

20 orphism (rs13102150) with MS was observed in German and Spanish MS cohorts (3676 controls and 911 cas

21 for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (GSRS-IBS) into German and to evaluate its psychometric qualities and fa

22 uctured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV at the German and US sites.

23 The Swedish, Spanish, German, and Danish versions of the LARS score have prove

24 om the Canadian, American (n=2), Australian, German, and Dutch (n=2) populations.

25 English-, German-, and Italian-language studies from multiple elec

26 evaluated based on prospective data from the German Aortic Valve Registry (GARY).

27 he median logistic Euroscore I was 18.3, the German aortic valve score was 5.6, and the Society of Th

28 compounds is described for the first time in German aquaculture rainbow trout fish, including, amongs

29 ENP (AgNM-300k) and silver ions (Ag+) in 25 German arable soils with varying properties (organic car

30 Spoken languages such as German are extremely discrete, whereas others such as Po

31 The randomized German-Austrian AML Study Group 06-04 protocol was desig

32 The highest scores went to: German-Austrian-Swiss (6.0), Mexican (5.1), and the AAAA

33 Using the German Bariatric Surgery Registry, data from more than 1

34 toplankton blooms in the southern North Sea (German Bight) for four consecutive years.

35 s and the high prestige then associated with German biomedicine.

36 some sets in cells were coined by the Polish-German botanist Eduard Strasburger and originate from th

37 p-Toluenesulfonic acid was present in a German canal (Teltowkanal) with concentrations of up to

38 elected from the Swedish (nationwide) and 12 German cancer registries.

39 dreadful years in Germany and their loss to German Cardiology helped to contribute to advances in Am

40 ted variants using existing GWAS data from a German case-control sample of aggressive periodontitis (

41 led a strong association of C2 with B-ALL in German cases (P = .0004).

42 National Institutes of Health and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

43 Patients underwent HSCT at 3 German centers between 1991 and 2012.

44 years; male, 78.5%) were recruited from 404 German centers.

45 European Union, German Centre for Infection Research, Federal Ministry o

46 Overall, German chamomile contains important phytochemicals with

47 (German chamomile) and its decoction and infusion (the mo

48 German chamomile, Roman chamomile and Juhua were analyse

49 ed in 1874 by Heinrich Caro, Director of the German chemical company Badische Anilin- und Soda-Fabrik

50 ndred people gathered in Berlin to found the German Chemical Society (DChG) under the charismatic lea

51 I-TOF-MS (40 polymorphisms) in at least 1303 German children (651 asthmatics).

52 includes 275 steroid-naive 4- to 15-year-old German children (healthy control subjects [HCs], patient

53 level is inversely associated with eczema in German children and adolescents.

54 and treatment type were analyzed in the 633 German children treated at the national reference center

55 be the new prognostic score published by the German Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Study Group (GCLLSG)

56 erties of both kinds of heat islands in four German cities and find correlations of up to 80%.

57 er Allergy Study included 1314 newborns in 5 German cities.

58 er Allergy Study included 1314 newborns in 5 German cities.

59 mised, double-masked trials in 27 US and six German clinical research centres and sleep centres.

60 ischemia were recruited over 34 months at 5 German clinical sites and prospectively randomized to ei

61 Finally, a clinical pilot study (German clinical trial number DRKS00009253) using functio

62 German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00007837.

63 German Clinical Trials Register identifier DRKS00004619.

64 German Clinical Trials Registry no.: DRKS00003854.

65 4 patients from two randomized trials of the German CLL Study Group (CLL8: fludarabine and cyclophosp

66 ients participating in phase 3 trials of the German CLL Study Group to develop a comprehensive progno

67 ase 3 study (CLLM1; CLL Maintenance 1 of the German CLL Study Group), patients older than 18 years an

68 Based on 1491 patients of the German CML Study IV, we compared the outcomes of patient

69 The allergenicity of several German cockroach (Bla-g) antigens at the level of IgE re

70 heritable trait that evolved in a number of German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.) populations in

71 We provisioned nymphs from three German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.) populations, w

72 Allergy to the German cockroach (Blattella germanica) is a significant

73 German cockroach (GCr) allergen extracts are complex and

74 characterize the trypsin-like proteinases in German cockroach allergen extracts used for clinical ski

75 responsible for the proteolytic activity of German cockroach allergen have not been characterized.

76 voltage-gated sodium channel BgNaV1 from the German cockroach Blattella germanica by shifting the thr

77 c assault of toxic baits, populations of the German cockroach have rapidly evolved an adaptive behavi

78 three different serine proteinases from the German cockroach that may, via PAR2 activation, play dif

79 Dc1a promotes opening of German cockroach voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels (Bg

80 Alternaria alternata, egg, peanut, milk, and German cockroach) obtained from 594 children at age 2 ye

81 Aggregation of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, is regulated by f

82 atophagoides farina, Blomia tropicalis, cat, German cockroach, Oriental cockroach, codfish, crab, shr

83 ce that within heterogeneous populations, WT German cockroaches will over time prevail in abundance o

84 confirmed in an independent cross-sectional German cohort (n = 415; P = 0.006).

85 rotein levels and gene variants (pQTLs) in a German cohort and replicate over half of them in an Arab

86 rapies on long-term survival in the complete German cohort of patients with heritable retinoblastoma.

87 ients with IPF and 5 control subjects from a German cohort.

88 community-acquired pneumonia included in the German Community-Acquired Pneumonia Competence Network (

89 treated on Dutch Childhood Oncology Group or German Cooperative Study Group for Childhood Acute Lymph

90 in the Netherlands, Study Alliance Leukemia, German Cooperative Transplant Study Group).

91 ns were assessed in patients enrolled in the German COPD and Systemic Consequences-Comorbidities Netw

92 further replicated in another sample of 399 German CP cases (disease onset <60 y of age) and 1,633 c

93 psoriasis and cardiometabolic outcomes in a German cross-sectional study (n=4,185) and a prospective

94 kappaB1 proteins were also undetectable in a German CVID-affected family with a heterozygous in-frame

95 ne dust was collected 4 times a year from 20 German DCC (620 samples) and from the homes of children

96 n domestic water hardness (range, 6.60-35.90 German degrees of hardness [118-641 mg/L]).

97 and 121 to prednisolone from 54 UK and seven German dermatology centres.

98 analysis included 1,030 participants in the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study (4D) who were randomi

99 itus on hemodialysis who participated in the German Diabetes Dialysis Study (4D Study), we investigat

100 participants (677 men and 578 women) of the German Diabetes Dialysis study.

101 concentrations in baseline samples from the German Diabetes mellitus Dialysis (4D) study (1168 dialy

102 uranium (U) concentrations exceeding the new German drinking water limitation (22% of the samples >10

103 ized, double-blind controlled trial, healthy German, Dutch, and English children aged 1-3 y were allo

104 compounds is described for the first time in German earthen-ponds rainbow trout aquaculture water inc

105 A German ecologic study (n = 360,288) found a decrease of

106 is indispensible for the development of the German evidence-based guideline Prevention of Skin Cance

107 Biometrical data of healthy German eyes, stratified by age, gender and refractive st

108 n SGCE revealed the same KCTD17 variant in a German family.

109 NCCM were diagnosed in multiple members of a German family.

110 pective study had local ethics committee and German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices a

111 ical Research Support at Uppsala University, German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices,

112 nal Health and Medical Research Council, and German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

113 Roche Pharma AG, Mundipharma, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

114 y of Innovation, Science and Research of the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia, Cancer R

115 m food-frequency questionnaire linked to the German Food Code and Nutrient Database.

116 halogenating and dehalogenating enzymes in a German forest soil by shotgun metagenomic sequencing.

117 n Ministry of Health GRR-58640-2/14, and the German Foundation for the Disabled Child.

118 ediate hub languages, which include Spanish, German, French, Russian, Portuguese, and Chinese.

119 Only case reports in English, German, French, Spanish or Italian documenting detailed

120 h-Swiss from United States, n = 8; Mennonite-German from Canada, n = 1; mixed European from Canada, n

121 trialkyl-, triaryl,- or tris(trimethylsilyl)germanes gave (Z)-5-(2-germylvinyl)uridine, 2'-deoxyurid

122 utch (PIAMA), Canadian (CAPPS and SAGE), and German (GINIplus and LISAplus) birth cohorts (n = 13 016

123 The German HCV (1b)-contaminated anti-D cohort provides an i

124 ogression at 35 years after infection in the German HCV (1b)-contaminated anti-D cohort.

125 study (n=4,185) and a prospective cohort of German Health Insurance beneficiaries (n=1,811,098).

126 The German health insurance system is not as cost-effective

127 erapy, who were enrolled in studies from the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group and t

128 B-cell lymphoma, we analyzed 11 consecutive German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group trial

129 = 60 years with age-adjusted IPI 2,3) of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group were

130 paring PG with PJ was conducted involving 14 German high-volume academic centers for pancreatic surge

131 e of Blood, Hartmann and colleagues from the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) conducted a review of

132 h early-stage HL who were treated within the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) HD10 and HD11 trials;

133 standard doses of rituximab (n = 27) within German Hodgkin Study Group clinical trial protocols betw

134 included patients >/=60 years of age in the German Hodgkin Study Group HD10 and HD13 trials randomiz

135 istine, procarbazine, and prednisone) in the German Hodgkin Study Group HD12 and HD15 trials.

136 ion at least 1 year after therapy within the German Hodgkin Study Group HD13 to HD15 trials for early

137 tients treated for newly diagnosed HL within German Hodgkin Study Group trials between 1993 and 2009

138 up data on 4,276 patients treated within the German Hodgkin Study Group trials HD7 and HD10 for early

139 yzed 6,840 patients with cHL included in the German Hodgkin Study Group trials HD7 to HD12.

140 A high-risk score from the German Hodgkin Study Group was adversely prognostic for

141 prospective clinical trials performed by the German Hodgkin Study Group were classified as tumor cell

142 Methods Of 5,306 patients enrolled in the German Hodgkin Study Group's fifth generation of clinica

143 formed an analysis using the database of the German Hodgkin Study Group.

144 The results were compared with the similar German HYDRA study to examine whether changes had occurr

145 Hence, the interdisciplinary German ICU Network for Early Mobilization undertook a 1-

146 ill be important to increase mobilization in German ICUs.

147 Convenience sample of 23 German ICUs.

148 more than 1,000 data sets from self-selected German individuals by using a web-based screening test t

149 UK, with replication in British, Dutch, and German individuals.

150 ed data from participants of the prospective German Infant Nutritional Intervention study after 10 ye

151 The German infectious disease surveillance system revealed a

152 In a prospective cohort study in 173 German intensive care units, we searched for patients wi

153 CC1, which included most of the British and German isolates, and CC2, which was a more heterogeneous

154 rom 268 CBE patients of Australian, British, German Italian, Spanish and Swedish origin and 1,354 eth

155 ed in a language other than English, French, German, Italian, or Greek, were excluded.

156 able AD and matched for disease duration (45 German-Italian bilingual speakers and 40 monolingual spe

157 e, we applied our algorithm to data from the German KORA study to investigate a real-world problem in

158 ons exist for male than female nurses in the German labor market, while we found no support for gende

159 Currently, a suitable questionnaire in German language is not available to monitor the progress

160 r 2015, in the English, French, Spanish, and German languages looking for treatment proposals for SJS

161 Healthy participants included those with German lineage (n = 40) and those of ethnic minority (n

162 ied out a retrospective study genotyping 345 German liver recipients at six SNP loci, which include r

163 (6 to 8 years; N = 82) were selected from a German longitudinal cohort (FRANCES).

164 In a retrospective analysis of a German longitudinal prescription database, AR patients t

165 For the cohort used for MIPI-b development (German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group [GLSG] 1996 and GL

166 line immunochemotherapy (151 patients from a German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group [GLSG] trial and 1

167 3200 km(2) in the Harz Mountains and central German lowlands was investigated by a two years monitori

168 tion factor, which has been available on the German market since 2011, with urea cream for prevention

169 as first considered over 80 years ago by the German mathematician Ernst Zermelo, in the context of a

170 o vaccination (n = 12), routinely vaccinated German medical students (n = 34), and German outpatients

171 ies Clinical Trials partnership (EDCTP), the German Ministry for Education and Research (BmBF), and t

172 nternational Development Cooperation Agency, German Ministry for Education and Research, University C

173 German Ministry for Education and Research.

174 EU FP6 (EUROSCA), German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; GeneMov

175 Foundation, European AIDS Treatment Network, German Ministry of Education and Research, UK Medical Re

176 German Ministry of Education and Research; Orphatec/Colb

177 ogram (grant number QLG5-CT-2002-00636), the German Ministry of Health GRR-58640-2/14, and the German

178 tes Foundation, UK Medical Research Council, German Ministry of Science and Technology.

179 tic codes (F90.0, F90.1, and F90.9) from the German modification of the International Statistical Cla

180 tient and outpatient diagnoses (coded by the German modification of the International Statistical Cla

181 diagnosis of incident dementia coded by the German modification of the International Statistical Cla

182 ry acceptable concentrations (RACs) and used German monitoring data to quantify the drivers thereof a

183 year follow-up post partum in the nationwide German MS and pregnancy registry.

184 cal data and sera of 722 participants in the German Multicenter Allergy Study, a birth cohort started

185 hildren with PTLD who were registered in the German multicenter pediatric PTLD registry.

186 The German Multicentre Allergy Study examined a birth cohort

187 nd compared with the frequency of CAE in the German Myocardial Infarction (MI) Family Study, in which

188 ystonia Society UK, Action Medical Research, German National Academic Foundation.

189 n-based whole-body MR imaging as part of the German National Cohort will serve to compile a comprehen

190 This cohort study used data from German National Health Insurance beneficiaries aged 40 y

191 A cohort of 1 811 094 German National Health Insurance beneficiaries in 2005 w

192 Using routine health care data from German National Health Insurance beneficiaries, we ident

193 specimens in local hospitals (41%) or at the German Neuropathology Reference Center for Epilepsy Surg

194 of the largest NOTES registry worldwide-the German NOTES registry-were analyzed with respect to demo

195 ed 608 HSP cases from 519 families of mostly German origin.

196 asma NR and Type II serotypes predominate in German OT patients.

197 problem, as dramatically exemplified by the German outbreak occurred in summer 2011 and by a constan

198 inated German medical students (n = 34), and German outpatients tested for antipoliovirus immunity (n

199 6 months after ICU discharge by means of the German pain questionnaire.

200 schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder; 921 German participants including 362 patients with schizoph

201 ackground of investigators (23 Turkish vs 23 German participants) and basic emotional and cognitive t

202 tional and cognitive tasks (24 Turkish vs 24 German participants).

203 Deidentified German patient data were used for a retrospective, nonra

204 f a transplanted and explanted kidney from a German patient with a CFHR2-CFHR5Hyb protein.

205 tation encoding a Gly47Arg substitution, the German patients were compound heterozygous for Arg169Gln

206 o mutant CFHR5 proteins, CFHR2-CFHR5Hyb from German patients with C3G and CFHR5Dup from Cypriot patie

207 In Swiss/German patients, the E167K variant was independently ass

208 ificant fibrosis was replicated in 645 Swiss/German patients.

209 to Ishak in Italian, and to Metavir in Swiss/German patients.

210 rds of patients who had been included in the German Pediatric HUS Registry during the 2011 outbreak.

211 We used the German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database, which

212 on in healthy eyes across the life span of a German population aged 20 to 69 years (n = 218).

213 Conclusion In a white German population, the prevalence of fatty liver disease

214 participants of the ESTHER study, which is a German population-based cohort aged 50-74 y at baseline.

215 ple acute liver transplant rejections in the German population.

216 urrence of disease compared with the general German population.

217 s (anti-HEV) was recently found in the adult German population.

218 A third data set was a German prevalent sample with diagnoses assigned to 1773

219 As proof-of-principle of rTLC, German propolis samples were analyzed using pattern reco

220 Patients from the German prospective clinical trial NB97 with stage 4 neur

221 In this German prospective, randomized controlled multicenter st

222 study, we examined 349 574 admissions to 21 German psychiatric inpatient hospitals from Jan 1, 1998,

223 In the last third of the 20th century, the German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926) became an

224 sing microdata from the nationwide statutory German quality assurance database on all surgical or end

225 ) resulted in more precise authentication of German raw and retail milk with a considerably increased

226 for HL with respect to age- and sex-matched German reference data was 84.5 (95% CI, 71.2 to 99.7).

227 Cali, Colombia, to 91.6% (89.5-93.6) in the German registries, and for AML ranged from 33.3% (18.9-4

228 .9-47.7) in Bulgaria to 78.2% (72.0-84.3) in German registries.

229 ts prospectively reported to the multicenter German Registry for Acute Aortic Dissection Type A were

230 37 consecutive patients enrolled in GERAADA (German Registry for Acute Aortic Dissection Type A) who

231 d to the levels established by Brazilian and German regulations.

232 1116 Masterswitches in Myocardial Ischemia, German Research Council DFG.

233 Federal Ministry of Education and Research, German Research Council, and Ministry of Health of Saudi

234 tute and Clinical Center Intramural Program, German Research Foundation, National Institutes of Healt

235 rom statistical modeling of survey data from German residents, we find the average length of time for

236 artificially matured European eels from the German river Ems have been identified.

237 ct at a hot spot of antiandrogenicity in the German river Holtemme, we applied effect-directed analys

238 hyl (Me), and R = phenyl (Ph)] were found in German rivers and streams.

239 s consistent with a holistic ontology in the German Romantic tradition.

240 914-healthy/mild disease) and an independent German sample including 717 aggressive periodontitis cas

241 riodontitis, validated the associations in a German sample of severe forms of the more moderate pheno

242 s with data from a nationally representative German sample with 19 waves of data collection (1995-201

243 P in ARIC or aggressive periodontitis in the German sample.

244 In a two-stage design, 1,726 German sarcoidosis cases and 5,482 control subjects were

245 ends in the ADR in the first 10 years of the German screening colonoscopy program.

246 d from 2003 through 2012 and reported to the German screening colonoscopy registry.

247 nd spouses who had requested advice from the German Sepsis Aid's National Helpline were invited to pa

248 canine chromosome 27 associated with CAD in German shepherd dogs (GSDs).

249 ouncil for Working Life and Social Research, German Social Accident Insurance, Danish National Resear

250 ouncil for Working Life and Social Research, German Social Accident Insurance, Danish National Resear

251 rategy Group, Children's Oncology Group, the German Society for Paediatric Oncology and Haematology,

252 Initiated by the German Society of Nuclear Medicine, a retrospective mult

253 registered from seven European countries in German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Hodg

254 fferent socioeconomic status (SES) groups in German society provided ratings of 909 social concepts a

255 later works he helped translate from largely German sources.

256 Nursing departments from hospitals in two German-speaking cantons in Switzerland.

257 s to the academic excellence that existed in German-speaking countries at that time, Jewish physician

258 the severity of anaphylaxis in patients from German-speaking countries was analyzed.

259 Today, most of the leaders of German-speaking departments of dermatology have had some

260 Following World War II, dermatology in German-speaking Europe faced enormous challenges, includ

261 between dermatology in the United States and German-speaking Europe have shifted dramatically over ti

262 logie voor Volwassenen Nederland (HOVON) -65/German-Speaking Myeloma Multicenter Group (GMMG) -HD4 tr

263 the Dutch-Belgium Hemato-Oncology Group and German-speaking Myeloma Multicenter Group (HO65/GMMG-HD4

264 By the 1970s, there were numerous German-speaking scholars coming to the University of Pen

265 systems, such as allylic silanes, boronates, germanes, stannanes, pivalates, phosphonates, phthalimid

266 The German statutory health insurance system was built on th

267 from 2004 to 2011, derived from the largest German statutory health insurer, Allgemeine Ortskrankenk

268 cross-sectional data from 5 population-based German studies (1997-2006): the Cardiovascular Disease,

269 comparable to rates reported in Swedish and German studies in recent years.

270 to 58-year-old outpatients with ADHD from 7 German study centers.

271 0 patients with active disease enrolled in 4 German study centers.

272 The West German Study Group trial, ADAPT (Adjuvant Dynamic Marker

273 The German Study on Aging, Cognition, and Dementia in Primar

274 c memory performance in the Swiss cohort and German Study on Aging, Cognition, and Dementia in Primar

275 netic parameters between Egyptians and white German subjects suggests that no dose adjustment should

276 and attitudes in a representative sample of Germans surveyed in 1996 and 2006 to show that Nazi indo

277 Retrospective cohort study at 19 German tertiary care centers (2006-2012) including 1176

278 patients were analysed retrospectively at a German tertiary center.

279 14 (54.5%) were Italian, and 95 (45.5%) were German; the mean (range) age was 65 (27-94) years.

280 and confirms the overall value of the WCD in German treatment pathways.

281 In this prospective, German trial, the impact of psychoeducation (PE) on rete

282 matology department at Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.

283 One-hundred fifty years ago, on the eve of German unification, about one-hundred people gathered in

284 ase duration [cohort 2]) treated at a single German university hospital from April 15, 2013, through

285 y was conducted in a cardiosurgical ICU of a German university hospital.

286 icenter study, surgical inpatients from four German University Hospitals were analyzed before (pre-PB

287 and prevalence of peri-implant diseases in a German university-treated population.

288 serotypes in consecutive serum samples from German uveitis patients with OT were compared with non-O

289 Of German vaccinees tested according to World Health Organi

290 the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - German version (HADS-D).

291 All participants completed the German version of GSRS-IBS (called Reizdarm-Fragebogen,

292 The German version of the GSRS-IBS RDF proves to be an effec

293 stionnaire (ACQ) in a sample of 1370 healthy German volunteers of the CRC TRR58 MEGA study wave 1.

294 etic resonance imaging data from 269 healthy German volunteers.

295 estionnaire in English, Spanish, Italian and German was emailed to wound care organisations worldwide

296 material taken from a rapid sand filter of a German waterworks.

297 From April 2010 through October 2013, 6043 German WCD patients (median age, 57 years; male, 78.5%)

298 sed for this study provide the basis for the German website www.krankheitserfahrungen.de .

299 Between 1933 and 1945, young Germans were exposed to anti-Semitic ideology in schools

300 As a result, Germans who grew up under the Nazi regime are much more