1 rus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 3 (
HTLV-3).
2 virus type 3 (STLV-3) is almost identical to
HTLV-3.
3 as also found in the complementary strand of
HTLV-3.
4 The
HTLV-3(
2026ND) genome is 8,917 bp long and is geneticall
5 However,
HTLV-3(
2026ND) is unique, sharing only 87% to 92% sequen
6 n in relation to the seemingly nonpathogenic
HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 viruses, and studies of their antisens
7 Human T-cell leukemia virus types 3 and 4 (
HTLV-3 and HTLV-4) are recently isolated retroviruses.
8 We have previously characterized
HTLV-3-
and HTLV-4-encoded antisense genes, termed APH-3
9 n, while both Tax-3 and antisense protein of
HTLV-3 (
APH-3) promoted cellular transformation.
10 UT-1) functions at a postbinding step during
HTLV-3 Env-mediated entry.
11 Studies of entry performed with
HTLV-3 Env-pseudotyped viruses together with SU binding
12 ns confirms this relationship and shows that
HTLV-3 falls within the diversity of STLV-3, suggesting
13 is distinct from all known HTLVs and STLVs;
HTLV-3 falls within the phylogenetic diversity of STLV-3
14 HTLV-3 has a prototypic genomic structure, with all enzy
15 Given the lack of
HTLV-3-
infected cell lines, we took advantage of STLV-3-
16 ultured peripheral blood lymphocytes from an
HTLV-3-
infected person.
17 ecular dating estimates that the ancestor of
HTLV-3 is as old as HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, with an inferred
18 Limited sequence analysis shows that
HTLV-3 is distinct from HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 but is genetic
19 Like STLV-3,
HTLV-3 is missing a third 21-bp transcription element fo
20 Human T-lymphotropic virus type 3 (
HTLV-3)
is a new virus recently identified in two primat
21 o cross species into humans all suggest that
HTLV-3 may be prevalent and support the need for expande
22 sence of ORFs encoding auxiliary proteins in
HTLV-3 or STLV-3 genomes was unknown.
23 We report here the first complete
HTLV-3 sequence obtained by PCR-based genome walking usi
24 , revealed that these molecules also enhance
HTLV-3 SU binding.
25 Further studies revealed that
HTLV-3 SU binds efficiently to naive CD4(+) T cells, whi
26 However, unlike HTLV-1 SU,
HTLV-3 SU can bind efficiently in the absence of both HS
27 We observed that
HTLV-3 surface glycoprotein (SU) binds efficiently to bo
28 rmation, is present in the C terminus of the
HTLV-3 Tax protein.
29 The ancient origin of
HTLV-3,
the broad distribution of STLV-3 in Africa, and
30 otein-encoding open reading frames (ORFs) in
HTLV-3,
the latest HTLV to be discovered, is unknown.
31 at the complex of receptor molecules used by
HTLV-3 to bind to primary T lymphocytes differs from tha
32 Here, we examine the entry requirements of
HTLV-3 using independently expressed Env proteins.