ライフサイエンスコーパス: MDR tuberculosis

1 s identified in 33 of 475 patients (7%) with MDR tuberculosis.

2 ssion rather than to inadequate treatment of MDR tuberculosis.

3 porting treatment outcomes for children with MDR tuberculosis.

4 ate palliative care response for people with MDR tuberculosis.

5 erculosis in countries with a high burden of MDR tuberculosis.

6 s poorly studied for contacts of people with MDR tuberculosis.

7 erium tuberculosis are at risk of developing MDR tuberculosis.

8 for an estimated 15% of all global cases of MDR tuberculosis.

9 ement of child contacts of source cases with MDR tuberculosis.

10 s, of whom 129 (90.9%, 95% CI 85.0-94.6) had MDR tuberculosis.

11 ns, are needed to reduce mortality rates for MDR tuberculosis.

12 h generally through regulatory innovation in MDR tuberculosis.

13 improve treatment outcomes for children with MDR tuberculosis.

14 ment interruptions on treatment outcomes for MDR tuberculosis.

15 were consistent between drug-susceptible and MDR tuberculosis.

16 pants (69%) had never received treatment for MDR tuberculosis.

17 om two large cohort studies of patients with MDR tuberculosis.

18 lp to determine the transmission patterns of MDR tuberculosis.

19 nsmission from other individuals with active MDR tuberculosis.

20 s is essential when allocating resources for MDR tuberculosis.

21 n was well tolerated in children treated for MDR tuberculosis.

22 g-term, phase 3 trials of new treatments for MDR tuberculosis.

23 the management and outcome of children with MDR-tuberculosis.

24 uccessfully treated for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis.

25 of children exposed to multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis.

26 ed for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis.

27 utcome in patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis.

28 s and MDR-tuberculosis by HC, with a rate of MDR-tuberculosis 89 times greater (95% confidence interv

29 Rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis also decreased (p<0.0001).

30 of end-of-treatment outcome in patients with MDR tuberculosis, although the overall association with

31 utum smear and for concomitant screening for MDR tuberculosis among adult inpatients attending tertia

32 The model forecasted the percentage of MDR tuberculosis among incident cases of tuberculosis to

33 (5%) of 7982 patients with tuberculosis had MDR tuberculosis and 324 (88%) of these had isolates ava

34 For patients with non-MDR tuberculosis and available data, by treatment day 9

35 INJ SLDs included age, positive HIV status, MDR tuberculosis and initial treatment with any SLD, whi

36 tance in three GLA samples: two confirmed as MDR tuberculosis and one false positive.

37 We assessed transmission of MDR tuberculosis and potential contributing factors in t

38 ered significantly between patients with non-MDR tuberculosis and those with MDR tuberculosis (both P

39 ugs with treatment outcomes in patients with MDR tuberculosis and XDR tuberculosis.

40 idualized treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) t

41 The continued spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tubercu

42 recent transmission of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis and identify potential risk factors fo

43 the increasing rate of multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis and the more recent emergence of exten

44 azid-monoresistant tuberculosis, 25 000 with MDR tuberculosis, and 1200 with XDR tuberculosis.

45 tainty range [UR] 68.0-99.6) of all incident MDR tuberculosis, and 61.3% (16.5-95.2) of incident MDR

46 imen given to children exposed to infectious MDR tuberculosis, and explore risk factors for poor outc

47 obial drugs are in advanced trial stages for MDR tuberculosis, and two new antimicrobial drug candida

48 20 (22%) of these individuals developed MDR tuberculosis as a result of transmission in the USA;

49 tive adults with locally confirmed pulmonary MDR tuberculosis at the start of second-line treatment i

50 e AR to fluoroquinolones was associated with MDR tuberculosis at treatment initiation (aOR, 6.5; 95%

51 nly predictor for AR to fluoroquinolones was MDR tuberculosis at treatment initiation.

52 serial sputum cultures from 48 patients with MDR tuberculosis attributed 10 cases to reinfection and

53 Many individuals acquire MDR tuberculosis before entry into the USA.

54 de, with great variation in the frequency of MDR tuberculosis between countries.

55 nts with non-MDR tuberculosis and those with MDR tuberculosis (both P<.001).

56 greater risk of poor outcome than those with MDR tuberculosis but no phenotypic DST heterogeneity (ad

57 mg/kg for children with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, but pharmacokinetic and long-term saf

58 ual per-capita incidence of tuberculosis and MDR-tuberculosis by HC, with a rate of MDR-tuberculosis

59 Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis can be acquired through de-novo mutati

60 odeficiency virus coinfection, children with MDR-tuberculosis can be treated successfully, using indi

61 We investigated the proportion of MDR tuberculosis cases arising from transmission in the

62 erson transmission of resistance to incident MDR tuberculosis cases.

63 and 2012 the number of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis cases in the UK increased from 28 per

64 expanded drug access, and development of new MDR tuberculosis compounds, are critical to reducing tub

65 long-term prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis depends upon the relative fitness of M

66 tuberculosis elimination, but the extent of MDR tuberculosis disease in the USA that is attributable

67 e, and loss to follow-up among children with MDR tuberculosis disease treated with regimens tailored

68 </=15 years old with confirmed and probable MDR tuberculosis disease who began tailored regimens in

69 on of regimens to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis disease due to strains of Mycobacteriu

70 Even in settings with moderate rates of MDR tuberculosis, DOTS can rapidly reduce the transmissi

71 s with perfect adherence would still develop MDR-tuberculosis due to pharmacokinetic variability alon

72 stance would cause less than 30% of incident MDR tuberculosis during 2000-40.

73 in drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis during the first 8 weeks of treatment.

74 Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, "Ebola with wings," is a significant

75 the effect of pharmacokinetic variability on MDR-tuberculosis emergence using computer-aided clinical

76 ence alone is not a sufficient condition for MDR-tuberculosis emergence.

77 e cause of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-tuberculosis) emergence.

78 a retrospective analysis among patients with MDR tuberculosis enrolled in 2 MDR tuberculosis programs

79 with increasing drug-resistance, drives the MDR tuberculosis epidemic in Shanghai, China.

80 with increasing drug-resistance, drives the MDR tuberculosis epidemic in Shanghai, China.

81 to create a dynamic transmission model of an MDR tuberculosis epidemic to estimate the contributions

82 nstructed a dynamic transmission model of an MDR tuberculosis epidemic, allowing for both treatment-r

83 is and treatment is necessary to control the MDR tuberculosis epidemic.

84 children fall sick with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis every year.

85 emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tube

86 The case-fatality ratio was 12% for MDR tuberculosis (five of 41), 7% for strains resistant

87 racing were mostly contacts of patients with MDR tuberculosis from countries of high tuberculosis bur

88 2.33, 4.36); and (3) spatial aggregation of MDR-tuberculosis genotypes, suggesting localized transmi

89 ur other patients subsequently found to have MDR tuberculosis had no significant changes in viability

90 The treatment of paediatric MDR tuberculosis has been neglected, but when children a

91 sis than it was in contacts of patients with MDR tuberculosis (hazard ratio 1.88, 95% CI 1.10-3.21).

92 no difference in prevalence between XDR and MDR tuberculosis households.

93 inadequate treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (i.e., acquired resistance) versus tho

94 We detected MDR tuberculosis in 221 patients, of whom 53 had XDR tub

95 /kg daily as part of multidrug treatment for MDR tuberculosis in Cape Town, South Africa, for at leas

96 ssess existing evidence for the treatment of MDR tuberculosis in children.

97 the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and MDR tuberculosis in new paediatric inpatient admissions

98 study among adults successfully treated for MDR tuberculosis in Peru.

99 erculosis, and 61.3% (16.5-95.2) of incident MDR tuberculosis in previously treated individuals.

100 204 patients were diagnosed with MDR tuberculosis in the study period; 189 (92.6%) had an

101 Transmission of MDR tuberculosis in the UK is low and associated with be

102 About a fifth of cases of MDR tuberculosis in the USA can be linked to transmissio

103 Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis in children is frequently associated w

104 h the massive spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis in Eurasia.

105 ed rates of single- and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis in the New York City area.

106 sus the least-affected HC; (2) high risk for MDR-tuberculosis in a region spanning several HCs (odds

107 on is an important driver of the epidemic of MDR-tuberculosis in Lima.

108 tes of the proportion of each country's 2013 MDR tuberculosis incidence that resulted from MDR transm

109 culosis is unlikely to greatly reduce future MDR tuberculosis incidence.

110 Improved diagnosis and treatment of MDR tuberculosis-including new tests and drug regimens-s

111 as delayed in children who had no identified MDR-tuberculosis index case (median delay, 123 vs 58 day

112 ends in four countries with a high burden of MDR tuberculosis: India, the Philippines, Russia, and So

113 with HIV infection who are being treated for MDR tuberculosis is associated with poor outcomes and lo

114 MDR tuberculosis is more prevalent than previously reali

115 MDR tuberculosis is occurring predominantly in the New Y

116 clinical outcomes among patients treated for MDR tuberculosis is unknown.

117 Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis is a potential threat to tuberculosis

118 Paediatric multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis is a public health challenge of growin

119 Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis is costly, difficult to treat, and pos

120 t treatment regimen for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis is poor partly owing to a high default

121 nscontinental spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis is poorly characterized in molecular e

122 of nonadherence associated with emergence of MDR-tuberculosis is unknown.

123 xtensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis-MDR tuberculosis isolates resistant to fluoroquinolones

124 Patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis may have phenotypic heterogeneity in r

125 We have shown that, in some patients with MDR tuberculosis, mixed infection may be responsible for

126 MDR tuberculosis needs to be diagnosed rapidly to reduce

127 We identified patients with MDR tuberculosis notified in England, Wales, and Norther

128 reate the infrastructure necessary to manage MDR tuberculosis on a national scale.

129 ange was similar for non-MDR tuberculosis vs MDR tuberculosis (P=.6).

130 as the benchmark for the standard of care of MDR tuberculosis patients and should be used as the basi

131 iders should consider monitoring SLD DST for MDR tuberculosis patients in the indicated subgroups.

132 ucted a retrospective cohort analysis of 197 MDR tuberculosis patients treated at Brewelskloof, a rur

133 the continuing HIV pandemic, and the rise in MDR tuberculosis pose formidable challenges to the globa

134 Global estimates of 3.5% MDR tuberculosis prevalence among new tuberculosis notif

135 235 (73%) patients with MDR tuberculosis probably had transmission of MDR strain

136 ws that in a directly observed therapy-based MDR tuberculosis program, treatment interruptions at sho

137 patients with MDR tuberculosis enrolled in 2 MDR tuberculosis programs using regimens recommended by

138 A group of patients with MDR tuberculosis received MPa200Z (DRMPa200Z group).

139 trospective cohort study among patients with MDR tuberculosis receiving bedaquiline for compassionate

140 Such guidance could make the novel MDR tuberculosis regimen available to most patients whil

141 Receipt of an aggressive MDR tuberculosis regimen for >/=18 months following sput

142 Individuals who received an aggressive MDR tuberculosis regimen for >/=18 months following sput

143 to examine whether receipt of an aggressive MDR tuberculosis regimen for >/=18 months following sput

144 outine surveillance of all verified cases of MDR tuberculosis reported from eight states in the USA.

145 Lowering transmission risk for MDR tuberculosis requires a combination approach centere

146 h system improvement because the response to MDR tuberculosis requires strong health services in gene

147 n settings are consistent with most incident MDR tuberculosis resulting from transmission rather than

148 The estimated proportion of MDR tuberculosis resulting from transmission varied subs

149 ide, with prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis rising.

150 ncentrated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-tuberculosis) risk in Lima, Peru.

151 t may improve success rates for treatment of MDR tuberculosis, shorten treatment time for drug-sensit

152 to vulnerable children following exposure to MDR tuberculosis should be considered.

153 berculosis who have had contact with a known MDR tuberculosis source case from a country of high tube

154 2011 if exposed to an ofloxacin-susceptible, MDR tuberculosis source case.

155 rs of WHO-promoted activity and >12 years of MDR tuberculosis-specific activity, has the country resp

156 INTERPRETATION: Recent transmission of MDR tuberculosis strains, with increasing drug-resistanc

157 Recent transmission of MDR tuberculosis strains, with increasing drug-resistanc

158 f of patients who entered into treatment for MDR tuberculosis successfully completed that treatment,

159 e regimen is accessible to all patients with MDR tuberculosis, such as minimization of sequential ine

160 r contact to infectious multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) are lacking because published dat

161 Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) has emerged as a global epidemic,

162 The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) highlights the urgent need to und

163 es for individuals with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB).

164 Of the estimated 440,000 cases of MDR tuberculosis that occurred in 2008, only 7% were ide

165 Among HIV-infected patients with MDR tuberculosis, the adjusted hazard for a poor outcome

166 ty, whereas among HIV-negative patients with MDR tuberculosis, the adjusted hazard for those with phe

167 were tested (16.2%) had multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis.The sensitivity and specificity of the

168 the time from specimen collection to patient MDR tuberculosis therapy initiation.

169 is after cure is urgently needed to optimize MDR tuberculosis therapy.

170 nd timely initiation of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis therapy are essential to reduce transm

171 culosis treatment, and the responsiveness of MDR tuberculosis to first-line treatment.

172 ercentage of XDR tuberculosis among incident MDR tuberculosis to increase, reaching 8.9% (95% predict

173 contacts at the time the index patient began MDR tuberculosis treatment and during the 4-year follow-

174 spective cohort study of patients initiating MDR tuberculosis treatment between 2000 and 2004 in Toms

175 ceiving moxifloxacin 10 mg/kg/day as part of MDR tuberculosis treatment have low serum concentrations

176 icin and isoniazid recovered <3 months after MDR tuberculosis treatment initiation from a patient wit

177 e of MTBDRplus significantly reduced time to MDR tuberculosis treatment initiation.

178 rculosis at the time the index patient began MDR tuberculosis treatment-there was no difference in pr

179 of decreased risk of death or failure during MDR tuberculosis treatment.

180 ehold contacts should be suspected as having MDR tuberculosis until proven otherwise.

181 cure rates can be achieved in children with MDR tuberculosis using tailored regimens containing seco

182 In 31 patients with non-multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, viability and quantitative culture re

183 eatment, and this change was similar for non-MDR tuberculosis vs MDR tuberculosis (P=.6).

184 In addition, once MDR tuberculosis was reported, delays in contacting pati

185 se regimen for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis was recently recommended by the World

186 treatment, particularly multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, we analyzed surveillance records from

187 hundred fourteen individuals with confirmed MDR tuberculosis were eligible for analysis.

188 693 households of index patients with MDR tuberculosis were enrolled in the study.

189 A total of 35 patients with MDR tuberculosis were included in the study.

190 A total of 393 patients with MDR tuberculosis were included in the study; 171 (43.5%)

191 Independent predictors of acquired MDR tuberculosis were initial isoniazid resistance (odds

192 168 cases of MDR tuberculosis were reported in the eight states durin

193 atients diagnosed with multi-drug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis were evaluated by phenotypic drug-susc

194 of age with a diagnosis of culture-confirmed MDR-tuberculosis were included in this retrospective coh

195 Overall, patients with MDR tuberculosis who had phenotypic DST heterogeneity we

196 HIV-infected patients with MDR tuberculosis with phenotypic DST heterogeneity also

197 ion of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis with gastric lavage aspirate (GLA) sam

198 One in 688 patients acquired MDR tuberculosis, with crude risks varying greatly by in

199 ients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis and MDR-tuberculosis, with the goal of shortening and simpli

200 ogies can be used to reverse the epidemic of MDR tuberculosis within a decade.

201 ive or more children (aged </=16 years) with MDR tuberculosis within a defined treatment cohort.

202 version than with HIV-infected patients with MDR tuberculosis without phenotypic DST heterogeneity (a

203 WHO estimates roughly 630 000 cases of MDR tuberculosis worldwide, with great variation in the