ライフサイエンスコーパス: MDR-TB

1 MDR TB regimens including more potentially effective dru

2 MDR-TB appears not to cause infection or disease more re

3 MDR-TB patients require treatment with more-toxic second

4 MDR-TB was defined as culture-confirmed TB disease with

5 One of 10 MDR-TB catchment-area isolates matched an MDR-TB patient

6 , we retrospectively reviewed records of 127 MDR TB patients with and without MB testing between 2004

7 ulation per year (95% SI: 198, 269) with 14% MDR-TB.

8 A total of 1457 MDR TB cases were reported from 42 states, New York City

9 Of 152 MDR-TB patients, 72 (47%) were from prior to and 80 (53%

10 All 3 MDR TB cases were culture-negative on initial screening;

11 tion interval (S.I.) 8.9-24.4%), avert 7,721 MDR-TB cases (14.1% reduction, 95% S.I. 5.3-23.8%), and

12 seloads, which increase the risk of acquired MDR-TB.

13 mission of infection to Patient 6 and active MDR TB to Patient 8.

14 sting practice but required 2,500 additional MDR-TB treatments and 60 four-module GeneXpert systems a

15 f 20 mo (interquartile range 16-23 mo) after MDR TB treatment initiation.

16 e compounds showed improved activity against MDR-TB while retaining low toxicity with higher microsom

17 ations, the test can detect about 60% of all MDR-TB cases.

18 Among MDR-TB cases, 27% (95%CI:10-44) in the before period con

19 ity was higher among XDR-TB cases than among MDR-TB cases (PR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.10-3.02) and drug-susc

20 ent program provides ideal conditions for an MDR-TB and XDR-TB epidemic of unparalleled magnitude.

21 10 MDR-TB catchment-area isolates matched an MDR-TB patient-worker isolate by DNA fingerprint pattern

22 7 patients with pulmonary MDR-TB occupied an MDR-TB ward in South Africa and wore face masks on alter

23 Once an MDR-TB diagnosis is established, additional testing is w

24 action indicated that catastrophic costs and MDR TB were associated with similar proportions of adver

25 In the new smear-negative and MDR TB cascades, a substantial proportion of patients wh

26 e of care, especially for smear-negative and MDR TB patients.

27 Retreatment smear-positive and MDR TB patients had poorer treatment outcomes than the g

28 rected] but rates of rifampin resistance and MDR TB were similar.

29 In this setting, isoniazid-resistant and MDR TB cases were not likely to produce new, incident dr

30 rall TB prevalence (from 2.78% to 2.31%) and MDR-TB prevalence (from 0.74% to 0.63%), and cost US$543

31 95% uncertainty range [UR]: -1.4%, 1.7%) and MDR-TB incidence by 2.4% (95% UR: -5.2%, 9.1%) relative

32 istance was found in 3/215 (1.4%) cases, and MDR-TB was found in 8/223 (3.6%) cases.

33 cant increases in costs for treating HIV and MDR-TB.

34 eillance data suggest that HIV infection and MDR-TB may converge in several countries.

35 a evaluating links between HIV infection and MDR-TB to quantify convergence of these 2 epidemics, eva

36 d replication of clinically-isolated MTB and MDR-TB strains.

37 specimen in 159 (89.8%) of 177 specimens and MDR-TB in 109 (95.6%) of 114 specimens compared to conve

38 detect the organisms responsible for TB and MDR-TB directly from sputum inexpensively, rapidly, and

39 h sputum PCR most effectively reduces TB and MDR-TB prevalence, doing so cost-effectively.

40 lity-adjusted life years (QALYs), and TB and MDR-TB prevalence.

41 D as a new and effective drug against TB and MDR-TB.

42 tcomes for drug-susceptible tuberculosis and MDR-TB.

43 in the proportion of new cases identified as MDR-TB; though time to MDR treatment was reduced, it was

44 improve patients' health, protect background MDR TB drugs, and decrease transmission, but would likel

45 31 (TCG/TTG) and katG 315 (AGC/ACC)] causing MDR-TB and verification of loss of the respective wild t

46 ) and repurposed (linezolid and clofazimine) MDR-TB drugs and the new shorter MDR-TB regimen in child

47 require KatG activation is crucial to combat MDR TB.

48 ment outcomes of microbiologically confirmed MDR-TB.

49 d suggest measures necessary for controlling MDR-TB and XDR-TB in this context.

50 use of a molecular diagnostic test to detect MDR-TB improves clinical outcomes.

51 ay and conventional DST results in detecting MDR-TB (kappa = 0.95, p<0.01).

52 y more likely to be hospitalized with either MDR-TB or XDR-TB than were non-health care workers.

53 The estimated MDR-TB incidence reduction was 90% (9%-99%) using data f

54 ed May 1995) each had 1 positive culture for MDR TB; specimens were collected during bronchoscopy.

55 ly 6 mo of costs-specific follow-up data for MDR TB patients.

56 ity, as well as changing recommendations for MDR TB treatment.

57 ervational study of 1,659 adults treated for MDR TB during 2005-2010 in nine countries: Estonia, Latv

58 sistent with MDR TB, neither was treated for MDR TB, and both are alive and well.

59 including the Hain V2 and Nipro assays, for MDR-TB detection.

60 Culture conversion for MDR-TB patients improved after introduction of MTBDRplus

61 culture conversion, 183 days vs 93 days for MDR-TB; P < .001).

62 Somalia with MDR-TB and the implications for MDR-TB programs in East Africa.

63 Long aggressive regimens for MDR-TB treatment are associated with lower risk of disea

64 ew diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for MDR-TB are urgently needed.

65 This rapid diagnostic test for MDR-TB can therefore be reliably implemented in a resour

66 evelop a rapid molecular diagnostic test for MDR-TB.

67 s for clinically diagnosed cases treated for MDR-TB.

68 ll fluoroquinolone mutations identified from MDR-TB patient sputum samples, as confirmed by DNA seque

69 We conclude that although mortality from MDR-TB is high in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative pat

70 are impossible, some insights can be gained: MDR-TB can and should be addressed therapeutically in re

71 s having disease recurrence if cultures grew MDR-TB or they re-initiated MDR-TB therapy.

72 h drug susceptibility testing, 82 (1.7%) had MDR-TB.

73 Having MDR TB was associated with a higher likelihood of incurr

74 52 samples from patients suspected of having MDR-TB were included in the study.

75 s from patients in India suspected of having MDR-TB.

76 isolates of TB patients suspected of having MDR-TB.

77 to detection of MDR-TB in an area with high MDR-TB prevalence.

78 mpin, 3.0%; both isoniazid and rifampin (ie, MDR TB), 2.2%; pyrazinamide, 3.0%; streptomycin, 6.2%; a

79 eta-analysis of observational data, improved MDR-TB treatment success and survival were associated wi

80 nse which may result in improved outcomes in MDR TB patients.

81 ence and may be contributing to increases in MDR-TB prevalence.

82 Many crucial management issues in MDR-TB treatment remain unanswered.

83 one, but produced only a modest reduction in MDR-TB prevalence (from 0.74% to 0.69%) and had minimal

84 if cultures grew MDR-TB or they re-initiated MDR-TB therapy.

85 ohort study of adult patients that initiated MDR-TB treatment with individualized regimens between Se

86 rior to hospital discharge in a high HIV/low MDR TB prevalence setting.

87 In the before period, measured MDR-TB prevalence among new cases was 0.7% (95% CI1.4-3.

88 CDC offers rapid confirmation of MDR TB by the molecular detection of drug resistance (MD

89 tion is necessary in making the diagnosis of MDR TB.

90 ts should be considered for the diagnosis of MDR TB.

91 ry lesions on chest radiograph; both died of MDR TB less than 1 month after diagnosis.

92 nsatory evolution in the global epidemics of MDR TB.

93 ed to be erroneous are as follows: growth of MDR TB from an old tuberculous lesion in a patient who w

94 ) life expectancy from time of initiation of MDR TB treatment at age 30 was 36.0 y (33.5, 38.7) assum

95 Overdiagnosis of MDR TB may result in treatment with second-line drugs th

96 In addition, the percentage of MDR TB has decreased, although the national trend was si

97 The presence of MDR TB was associated with a known history of active TB

98 18% (95% CI = 6.9%-28%), similar to that of MDR TB (20% [95% CI = 14%-25%]).

99 During rhuIL-2 treatment of MDR TB patients, decreased levels of gamma interferon (I

100 duced the time to detection and treatment of MDR TB.

101 n, 95% S.I. 5.3-23.8%), and prevent 46.6% of MDR-TB deaths (95% S.I. 32.6-56.0%) in South Africa over

102 (95% SI: 246, 558), with 46% being cases of MDR-TB, while incorporating programmatic management of M

103 d significantly reduced time to detection of MDR-TB in an area with high MDR-TB prevalence.

104 The time to detection of MDR-TB was significantly less using the MTBDRplus assay

105 h sputum PCR reserved for rapid detection of MDR-TB.

106 pre-MDR-TB to prevent further development of MDR-TB.

107 isoniazid and rifampicin in the diagnosis of MDR-TB, has good diagnostic accuracy, but its impact on

108 A successful response to the emergence of MDR-TB and XDR-TB will necessitate increased resources f

109 is drug pipeline and widespread emergence of MDR-TB signal an urgent need for more innovative interve

110 lic health threat, but accurate estimates of MDR-TB burden among children are lacking.

111 Estimated incidence of MDR-TB hospitalization was 64.8 per 100,000 health care

112 We found the incidence of MDR-TB with acquired FQN resistance would also be lower

113 vings and in reduced mortality, incidence of MDR-TB, and incidence of acquired FQN-resistant disease

114 in health system savings, lower incidence of MDR-TB, and lower mortality than no treatment.

115 Outcomes modeled were the incidence of MDR-TB, MDR-TB with FQN resistance, TB-related death, qu

116 Total RIF resistance indicative of MDR-TB in treatment-naive patients was 5.52%, far exceed

117 ents including reduced time to initiation of MDR-TB treatment, culture conversion, and improved infec

118 approach, we estimated that the majority of MDR-TB was due to the recent transmission of already-res

119 ile incorporating programmatic management of MDR-TB into these programs reduced incidence to 233 case

120 incorporation of programmatic management of MDR-TB is vital if control is to be achieved.

121 Institutional outbreaks of MDR-TB have primarily affected HIV-infected persons.

122 The sensitivity and specificity of MDR-TB were 81.8% and 99.0% in new cases and 77.8% and 9

123 nt, thereby helping to control the spread of MDR-TB in the community.

124 The median duration of survival of MDR-TB patients was 22 +/- 1 mo.

125 ion of FQ-resistant mutations at the time of MDR-TB diagnosis.

126 As treatment of MDR-TB becomes increasingly available in resource-poor a

127 r smear-positive TB had reasonable impact on MDR-TB incidence, but at substantial price and little im

128 reviewed the existing scientific research on MDR-TB treatment, which consists entirely of retrospecti

129 mized trials are urgently needed to optimize MDR-TB treatment.

130 tant and extremely drug resistant organisms (MDR-TB and XDR-TB).

131 drug-resistance testing, and an overburdened MDR-TB treatment program provides ideal conditions for a

132 ld substantially reduce TB, and particularly MDR-TB, mortality.

133 Most pediatric MDR-TB cases were female (n = 51 [62%]), median age was

134 Better estimates of pediatric MDR-TB burden in the United States are needed and should

135 ere was 42%-55% underestimation of pediatric MDR-TB cases when using only culture-confirmed case defi

136 rtain potential underestimation of pediatric MDR-TB, we surveyed high-burden states for clinically di

137 This review fills a gap in the pediatric MDR-TB literature by providing practice-based recommenda

138 sulting in underestimation of true pediatric MDR-TB burden in the United States using strictly bacter

139 HIV-positive MDR-TB patients had significantly more pulmonary and con

140 able targeted treatment of patients with pre-MDR-TB to prevent further development of MDR-TB.

141 f the effectiveness of therapy in preventing MDR-TB was as low as 10%.

142 Pulmonary MDR TB was misdiagnosed in 9 (13%) of 70 patients.

143 ng patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary MDR-TB.

144 h smears and cultures positive for pulmonary MDR-TB, despite documented adherence to therapy.

145 Over 3 months, 17 patients with pulmonary MDR-TB occupied an MDR-TB ward in South Africa and wore

146 ne, and the addition of sputum PCR for rapid MDR-TB detection may be cost-saving over time.

147 ed PZA resistance mutations in 88 recultured MDR-TB isolates from an archived series collected in 200

148 ave limited access to the new and repurposed MDR-TB drugs.

149 all Tibetan cases) were multidrug resistant (MDR TB).

150 lofazimine) MDR-TB drugs and the new shorter MDR-TB regimen in children and adolescents.

151 r the use of these drugs and for the shorter MDR-TB regimen in the pediatric population.

152 ay reduce long-term treatment costs and slow MDR-TB transmission.

153 and the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) strai

154 and the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) strai

155 uberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) are major health problems in Western Province, P

156 uberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in resource-poor settings.

157 HIV or high risk of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in the public sector, population-level impact ma

158 suspected of having multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) or HIV-associated TB, and many countries are mov

159 Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was significantly associated with quinolone resi

160 berculosis (TB) and multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), repurposing FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administrat

161 orn by patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).

162 e novo emergence of multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).

163 tcomes modeled were the incidence of MDR-TB, MDR-TB with FQN resistance, TB-related death, quality-ad

164 creening; these cases constituted 75% of the MDR TB isolates in Minnesota in 1994.

165 The MDR-TB assay appears to be a rapid and accurate method f

166 We evaluated the MDR-TB (multidrug-resistant tuberculosis) assay, which u

167 MTBC resistance profiles from the MDR-TB assay were compared to results with the agar prop

168 ues may contribute to the convergence of the MDR-TB and HIV infection epidemics.

169 The performance of the MDR-TB assay was compared to identification using nuclei

170 r the detection of drug resistance using the MDR-TB assay were 100% and 92.3% for rifampin, 100% and

171 they were on >/=1 medication to which their MDR-TB strain was likely susceptible.

172 proportion of incident cases attributable to MDR-TB increased from 16% to 35%.

173 ffectiveness in prevention of progression to MDR-TB, and confirmed cost-effectiveness.

174 Time to MDR-TB treatment initiation, culture conversion, and inf

175 e important bactericidal drugs used to treat MDR TB, and resistance to one or both of these drugs is

176 Opportunities to treat MDR-TB in developing countries are now possible through

177 number, and duration of drugs used to treat MDR-TB.

178 Costs for treating MDR-TB are also expected to rise significantly with Xper

179 ene Bell Foundation's experience of treating MDR-TB in North Korea.

180 mission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) has been reported primarily in New York State an

181 ients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) induces measurable changes in in vitro immune re

182 r treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB), the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends

183 at detects multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB), we retrospectively reviewed records of 127 MDR

184 tidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an emerging problem of great importance to pu

185 and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB and XDR-TB, respectively) has intensified the cri

186 h rates of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and are thought to drive general population tube

187 1994 with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and evaluated outcome.

188 spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR

189 ated with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are of major concern.

190 en develop multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) each year.

191 detecting multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in comparison with standard drug susceptibility

192 pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Tomsk, Russia.

193 Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an important global public health threat, but

194 Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an increasing public health threat, and promp

195 Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is associated with substantial morbidity, despit

196 duals with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is controversial.

197 eatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is lengthy, toxic, expensive, and has generally

198 han 30% of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients are currently diagnosed, due to laborat

199 eatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients.

200 Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a serious threat to global public health.

201 Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) presents an increasing threat to global tubercul

202 Globally, multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains underdiagnosed.

203 nefit from multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) screening, all nucleic acid amplification test (

204 Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), caused by drug-resistant strains of Mycobacteri

205 tection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), in Rwanda.

206 including multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), is a major global health problem.

207 tection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), obtaining a diagnostic accuracy of more than 97

208 agement of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

209 tients had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

210 ients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

211 to detect multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

212 We seek to explore possible causes why MDR-TB has been found to occur much more often in patien

213 se outcome was independently associated with MDR TB (odds ratio [OR] = 8.4 [95% CI = 4.7-15], p<0.001

214 ient 7 had a clinical course consistent with MDR TB, neither was treated for MDR TB, and both are ali

215 tively, had clinical courses consistent with MDR TB, with smear-positive and culture-positive specime

216 ecutive sample of 70 patients diagnosed with MDR TB who were identified between August 1993 and Augus

217 .0 y (33.5, 38.7) assuming all patients with MDR TB received bedaquiline, 35.1 y (34.4, 35.8) assumin

218 In 1995, 8 patients with MDR TB were identified in South Carolina; all were resis

219 g bedaquiline available to all patients with MDR TB, restricting bedaquiline usage to patients with M

220 ding bedaquiline access to all patients with MDR TB.

221 roved response to treatment in patients with MDR TB.

222 es, 7 had a positive MTBDRplus assay (3 with MDR-TB).

223 low in Harris County and is associated with MDR-TB.

224 Compared with MDR-TB cases, XDR-TB cases were more likely to have diss

225 TB infection in contacts of individuals with MDR-TB.

226 e data were provided for 9,153 patients with MDR-TB from 32 observational studies.

227 HIV-infected patients with MDR-TB have unacceptably high mortality; both antiretrov

228 Surgical face masks on patients with MDR-TB significantly reduced transmission and offer an a

229 seful as adjunctive therapy in patients with MDR-TB who are otherwise not responding well to therapy.

230 erosolised interferon-gamma in patients with MDR-TB, and assessed its efficacy in terms of sputum-sme

231 ice-daily PAS granules for our patients with MDR-TB.

232 border movement of people from Somalia with MDR-TB and the implications for MDR-TB programs in East

233 During treatment of a subject with MDR-TB, serial computed tomography (CT) scans showed thi

234 re workers than non-health care workers with MDR-TB or XDR-TB were women (78% vs. 47%; P < 0.001), an