ライフサイエンスコーパス: MERS

1 MERS emerged in 2012 and has a high mortality associated

2 MERS-CoV can infect multiple host species and cause seve

3 MERS-CoV infection during pregnancy may be associated wi

4 MERS-CoV is believed to have emerged from bats and passe

5 MERS-CoV is deadly, but this work shows that its clinica

6 MERS-CoV is still circulating in the human population, a

7 MERS-CoV replicated transiently in the respiratory and,

8 MERS-CoV was first identified in June 2012 and has since

9 MERS-CoV-infected lungs revealed mononuclear cell infilt

10 eutralizing antibodies cross-neutralizing 17 MERS pseudoviruses expressing S proteins of representati

11 During the study period, 216 MERS-CoV cases were reported.

12 ich is in direct contact with host cells; 4) MERS-CoV frequently transmitted back and forth between h

13 e of AgNPs, giving detection limits of 1.53 (MERS-CoV), 1.27 (MTB), and 1.03 nM (HPV).

14 the transmission patterns underlying the 681 MERS-CoV cases detected in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (

15 tistical model to a line list describing 721 MERS-CoV infections detected between June 7, 2012, and J

16 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1,327, 1,883) MERS-CoV infections occurred in this interval, which is

17 eceptor binding domain protein vaccine and a MERS-CoV fusion inhibitor, we demonstrated the value of

18 ERS-CoV neutralizing antibody treatment or a MERS-CoV spike protein vaccine protected the engineered

19 n control are required to prevent additional MERS outbreaks.

20 r evaluating vaccines and antivirals against MERS.

21 ical screening of vaccines and drugs against MERS-CoV infection and disease.

22 accine protected the engineered mice against MERS-CoV-induced ARDS.

23 There are no treatment options against MERS-CoV for humans or animals, and there are no large-s

24 otein induce potent immune responses against MERS-CoV and RABV.

25 -scale clinical trials for therapies against MERS-CoV.

26 it high neutralizing antibody titers against MERS-CoV.

27 Although MERS-CoV generally causes subclinical or mild disease, i

28 tive risks of death and severe disease among MERS-CoV patients in the Middle East between 2012 and 20

29 in the distribution of DPP4 expression among MERS-CoV susceptible species, which might influence vari

30 The outbreaks of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV and the continuing diagnosis of new MERS cases

31 Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are zoonotic infections, with bats as the prima

32 imatinib, as inhibitors of both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in vitro Here we show that the anti-CoV activit

33 Treatment of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infection is limited to providing supportive th

34 r a conserved epitope shared by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV is a potential strategy for developing pan-coro

35 The emergence of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV provides evidence that coronaviruses are curren

36 bl2), as required for efficient SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV replication in vitro These data demonstrate tha

37 uman CoVs (including the deadly SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV) and their related zoonotic CoVs, our structure

38 o zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs)-SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV-have crossed species to cause severe human resp

39 epitope was also recognized in SARS-CoV- and MERS-CoV-infected human leukocyte antigen DR2 and DR3 tr

40 coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and MERS-CoV, encode 2',5'-phosphodiesterases (2',5'-PDEs) t

41 ) dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) receptor and MERS-CoV replicated efficiently in Jamaican fruit bat ce

42 ase, and is related to the zoonotic SARS and MERS betacoronaviruses, which have high fatality rates a

43 the significantly lower MERS-CoV titers and MERS-CoV and mRNA levels in challenged mice than those i

44 Double staining immunoassays that used anti-MERS-CoV antibodies paired with immunohistochemistry for

45 for highly pathogenic coronaviruses, even as MERS-CoV is spreading throughout the Middle East.

46 alization of DPP4 to evaluate an association MERS clinical disease.

47 sing concerns over the efficacy of RBD-based MERS vaccines against circulating human and camel MERS-C

48 However, in vivo studies are limited because MERS-CoV cannot infect wild-type mice due to incompatibi

49 e East respiratory syndrome betacoronavirus (MERS-CoV) and found that 11 of the 22 residues in the pF

50 ation of mouse DPP4 plays a role in blocking MERS-CoV infection.

51 in the RBD of representative human and camel MERS-CoV strains during the 2012-2015 outbreaks.

52 S proteins of representative human and camel MERS-CoV strains identified during the 2012-2015 outbrea

53 ion by divergent circulating human and camel MERS-CoV strains.

54 vaccines against circulating human and camel MERS-CoV strains.

55 ein with multiple changes derived from camel MERS-CoV strains.

56 highly effective subunit vaccines to combat MERS-CoV and other life-threatening viruses.

57 ountermeasures (MCM) are available to combat MERS-CoV infections.

58 ntly, therapeutic countermeasures comprising MERS-CoV neutralizing antibody treatment or a MERS-CoV s

59 These mutations severely compromised MERS-CoV infection into human lung-derived cells, but ha

60 During the outbreak, 92 laboratory-confirmed MERS cases were associated with a large tertiary care ho

61 ll shape the capacity to prevent and control MERS-CoV or new emerging disease transmission.

62 then analyzed the ability of mice to control MERS-CoV infection.

63 respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

64 ceptor-binding domain from MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

65 ory syndrome and was named MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

66 iddle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and development of a humanized mouse model for

67 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) belongs to beta group of coronavirus and was f

68 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) binds to cellular receptor dipeptidyl peptidas

69 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) cause significant morbidity and morality.

70 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes life-threatening disease.

71 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe respiratory illness in humans.

72 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) develop severe symptoms, which likely leads to

73 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) during pregnancy.

74 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in 2012 and is a highly pathogenic res

75 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) encode multifunctional papain-like proteases (

76 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) encodes the conserved macro domain within non-

77 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has been attributed to overcrowding, delayed d

78 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has been shown to infect both humans and drome

79 iddle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has repeatedly caused outbreaks in the Arabian

80 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) highlights the zoonotic potential of Betacoron

81 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection causes an acute respiratory illness

82 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection have been reported worldwide, with 6

83 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections are still unknown.

84 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infects humans from zoonotic sources and cause

85 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a highly pathogenic human CoV that emerged

86 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a highly pathogenic respiratory virus that

87 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a highly pathogenic respiratory virus that

88 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lineage C betacoronavirus that since its

89 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a novel virus that emerged in 2012, causing

90 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging human pathogen that is the caus

91 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging pathogen, first recognized in 2

92 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an important emerging pathogen that was fir

93 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) remains a significant threat for public health

94 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) targets the epithelial cells of the respirator

95 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) utilizes dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) as an e

96 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in a human with severe pn

97 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and human CoV 229E (HCoV-229E).

98 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), encode a papain-like protease (PLpro) that po

99 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), including travel-associated cases, continue t

100 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and human p

101 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

102 le Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

103 iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

104 % fatalities and now spread to 27 countries, MERS-CoV poses a significant ongoing threat to global hu

105 The spike protein of MERS-CoV (MERS-S) facilitates viral entry into host cells, which d

106 V) and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV).

107 imilarly to SUD, the PL(pro)s from SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and HCoV-NL63 physically interact with and sta

108 erefore, the activity of PLPs from SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and mouse hepatitis virus was evaluated agains

109 f the FPs of S glycoproteins of 3 beta-CoVs, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and MHV, and demonstrated that they

110 Currently, MERS-CoV is still spreading, as new infections continue

111 uch as camels, as well as humans from deadly MERS-CoV and RABV infections.

112 Since RBD mutations occur in different MERS-CoV isolates and antibody escape mutants, cross-neu

113 e mutants, cross-neutralization of divergent MERS-CoV strains by RBD-induced antibodies remains unkno

114 different HCoV species, including a dominant MERS HCoV lineage that was responsible for the outbreaks

115 We now demonstrate that in addition to DPP4, MERS-CoV binds to sialic acid (Sia).

116 events might have happened frequently during MERS-CoV's evolutionary history and the positive selecti

117 MERS-CoV strains, as well as antibody escape MERS-CoV mutants.

118 during the 2012-2015 outbreaks, 5 MAb escape MERS-CoV mutants, and 2 live human MERS-CoV strains.

119 cts and depletion of macrophages exacerbates MERS-CoV-induced pathology and clinical symptoms of dise

120 No evidence of extrapulmonary MERS-CoV antigens were detected, including the kidney.

121 owever, the pathogenesis of severe and fatal MERS-CoV infection is unknown.

122 No therapeutics or vaccines are approved for MERS; thus, development of novel therapies is needed.

123 d routinely collected epidemiologic data for MERS-CoV cases reported in Saudi Arabia during 1 January

124 for better understanding of risk factors for MERS-CoV transmission.

125 iction at the receptor or cellular level for MERS-CoV.

126 n mAb, have been chosen as promising MCM for MERS-CoV.

127 d development of a humanized mouse model for MERS-CoV infection, which was used to demonstrate the th

128 s at hospital gates, monitoring patients for MERS-related symptoms, chest radiographic screening, and

129 World Health Organization questionnaire for MERS-CoV case-control studies to assess risk factors for

130 While the cell surface receptor for MERS-CoV has been identified as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (

131 r ability to act as functional receptors for MERS-CoV.

132 he role of bats as a potential reservoir for MERS-CoV.

133 e suggested as another natural reservoir for MERS-like-CoVs.

134 pothesis of bats as ancestral reservoirs for MERS-CoV.

135 HCoV-229E evolution provides a scenario for MERS-CoV emergence.

136 Control strategies for MERS outbreaks should focus on tracing contacts of perso

137 nal antibodies as potential therapeutics for MERS-CoV infection.

138 Lack of autopsies from MERS cases has hindered understanding of MERS-CoV pathog

139 omprised of the receptor-binding domain from MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

140 es reveal that removing the Ubl2 domain from MERS PLpro has no effect on its ability to process the v

141 Comparison of macro domains from MERS-CoV and other human CoVs revealed structural differ

142 Here, we show that sera obtained from MERS-immune camels augment the kinetics of MERS-CoV clea

143 A lack of autopsy studies from MERS fatalities has hindered understanding of MERS-CoV p

144 ental vaccine vector BNSP333, and the RABV G-MERS-CoV S1 fusion protein was efficiently expressed and

145 As part of its viral genome, MERS-CoV encodes a papain-like protease (PLpro) that has

146 on prevention and control measures for human MERS-CoV infections.

147 rol studies to assess risk factors for human MERS-CoV seropositivity at a farm complex in Qatar.

148 Ab escape MERS-CoV mutants, and 2 live human MERS-CoV strains.

149 e mutations detected in representative human MERS-CoV strains from the 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015 out

150 DPP4 species-specific differences impacting MERS-CoV host range and better inform our understanding

151 DPP4 species-specific differences impacting MERS-CoV host range and may inform MERS-CoV mouse model

152 aling species-specific differences impacting MERS-CoV host range.

153 emergence and host susceptibility.IMPORTANCE MERS-CoV is a recently emerged zoonotic virus that is st

154 These mutations are present in MERS-CoV spike, explaining why MERS-CoV infects human ce

155 e wide range of disease severity reported in MERS-CoV-infected humans, which will aid in investigatin

156 history and the positive selection sites in MERS-CoV's S protein might enable it to infect human.

157 preexisting pulmonary disease could increase MERS-CoV receptor abundance and predispose individuals t

158 impacting MERS-CoV host range and may inform MERS-CoV mouse model development.

159 ace Sia by neuraminidase treatment inhibited MERS-CoV entry of Calu-3 human airway cells, thus provid

160 cted humans, which will aid in investigating MERS-CoV disease pathogenesis.

161 only low-level incorporation of full-length MERS-CoV S into RABV particles.

162 cy in protecting transgenic mice from lethal MERS-CoV challenge.

163 ce treated with m336 prior to or post lethal MERS-CoV challenging were fully protected, compared to c

164 infection by divergent pseudotyped and live MERS-CoV strains, as well as antibody escape MERS-CoV mu

165 nge, as indicated by the significantly lower MERS-CoV titers and MERS-CoV and mRNA levels in challeng

166 Further, since many MERS cases are acquired in healthcare settings, public h

167 ddle East respiratory syndrome and was named MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

168 MERS-CoV and the continuing diagnosis of new MERS cases highlight the need for finding therapeutics f

169 o host cells, which depends on activation of MERS-S by cellular proteases.

170 ality rate prompted us to analyze aspects of MERS-CoV pathogenesis, especially its interaction with i

171 high-specificity, low-affinity attachment of MERS-CoV to sialoglycans during the preattachment or ear

172 ns designated S1(A) through S1(D) Binding of MERS-CoV to the cell surface entry receptor dipeptidyl p

173 nsmission have contributed to the buildup of MERS-CoV epidemics in KSA.

174 e first autopsy performed on a fatal case of MERS-CoV in the world, which was related to a hospital o

175 k of MERS-CoV has resulted in 1,791 cases of MERS and 640 deaths (a case fatality rate of 36%).

176 In Saudi Arabia, 5 cases of MERS-CoV infection among pregnant women were reviewed, a

177 We conclude that the catalytic core of MERS PLpro, i.e. without the Ubl2 domain, is sufficient

178 therefore may be significant determinants of MERS-CoV virulence.

179 and between humans means that the drivers of MERS-CoV epidemics remain poorly characterized.

180 analyses to study the evolution dynamics of MERS-CoV among different host species with genomic data.

181 Cases occurring later in the emergence of MERS-CoV and among health-care workers were less serious

182 s not required for the catalytic function of MERS PLpro in vitro.

183 coronaviruses, the spike (S) glycoprotein of MERS-CoV mediates receptor recognition and membrane fusi

184 Although the overall impact of MERS-CoV PLpro function is observed to be essential, dif

185 This study elucidates the interaction of MERS-CoV with APCs and pDCs, particularly the induction

186 As a result, the interface of MERS-CoV and human interferon-stimulated gene product 15

187 m MERS-immune camels augment the kinetics of MERS-CoV clearance and reduce the severity of pathologic

188 rhesus macaque and common marmoset model of MERS-CoV disease were analyzed.

189 There is a need for small-animal models of MERS, but mice are not susceptible to MERS because murin

190 Therefore, development of mouse models of MERS-CoV has been hampered by the fact that MERS-CoV doe

191 These new mouse models of MERS-CoV should be useful for investigation of early dis

192 rhesus macaque and common marmoset models of MERS-CoV span the wide range of disease severity reporte

193 Models of MERS-CoV-induced severe respiratory disease have been di

194 To estimate the number of MERS-CoV infections that have occurred in the Kingdom of

195 Investigations into the origin of MERS-CoV have focused on two potential reservoirs: bats

196 The ongoing outbreak of MERS-CoV has resulted in 1,791 cases of MERS and 640 dea

197 The recent outbreaks of MERS and previous emerging infections provide valuable l

198 uces a new tool to probe the pathogenesis of MERS-CoV and related viruses through the removal of vira

199 e critical insights into the pathogenesis of MERS-CoV in humans.

200 The spike protein of MERS-CoV (MERS-S) facilitates viral entry into host cell

201 combinant types; 2) The spike (S) protein of MERS-CoV was under strong positive selection when MERS-C

202 demic period and sex on the fatality rate of MERS cases and its variation across countries.

203 The crude fatality rate of MERS cases was 32.1% (95% credibility interval (CI): 29.

204 related activities may pose a higher risk of MERS-CoV infection, as may cross-border movements of cam

205 2,3-linked Sias and the predominant sites of MERS-CoV replication in the upper and lower respiratory

206 The X-ray structure of MERS PLpro-Ubl2 was determined to 1.9 A and compared to

207 The first structure of MERS-CoV PLpro in complex with this domain exposed the i

208 Subsequently, the structure of MERS-CoV PLpro was solved to 2.4 A in complex with the C

209 lable vaccines or therapeutics, the study of MERS-CoV pathogenesis is crucial for its control and pre

210 lial syncytial cells as important targets of MERS-CoV antigen; double immunostaining with dipeptidyl

211 In tests of MERS-CoV-infected dromedaries, we found viruses related

212 two pFPs differed significantly from that of MERS-CoV and each other, most of the pFP mutants of SARS

213 , with efficacy proportional to the titer of MERS-CoV-neutralizing serum antibody.

214 tivorous bats, suggests that transmission of MERS-like-CoVs mainly occurs via the fecal-oral route.

215 ansmission occurring during the treatment of MERS-CoV infections imported to Thailand.

216 rom MERS cases has hindered understanding of MERS-CoV pathogenesis.

217 ERS fatalities has hindered understanding of MERS-CoV pathogenesis.

218 ed from epidemiological surveillance data on MERS and Ebola, underscoring the importance of disease a

219 (+) T cells, or macrophages has no effect on MERS-CoV replication in the lungs of infected mice.

220 Relative to the parental MERS-CoV, MERSMA viruses contained 13-22 mutations, incl

221 After adjusting for age, epidemic period, MERS patients with comorbidity had around 4 times the ri

222 Consistent with these findings, precleaved MERS viruses used receptor-proximal, cell-surface protea

223 pectrum RBD-based subunit vaccine to prevent MERS-CoV infection.

224 Therefore, we developed a RABV-MERS vector that contained the MERS-CoV S1 domain of the

225 hese data establish that an inactivated RABV-MERS S-based vaccine may be effective for use in animals

226 tract tissues of humans and camels reflects MERS-CoV tropism.

227 for the inflammatory response in regulating MERS-CoV pathogenesis in vivo IMPORTANCE: The Middle Eas

228 for the inflammatory response in regulating MERS-CoV pathogenesis in vivo The Middle East respirator

229 ped viruses, including influenza, HIV, SARS, MERS, and Ebola.

230 Serial MERS-CoV passage in these engineered mice was then used

231 While bat, camel, and human DPP4 support MERS-CoV infection, several DPP4 orthologs, including mo

232 address some of the uncertainty surrounding MERS-CoV epidemiology.

233 outcome of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) cases up to the end of October 2016.

234 The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (CoV) is an emerging CoV with a known

235 The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus causes isolated cases and outbreaks of

236 The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) emerged in Saudi Arabia in 2012, caused by a zoono

237 utbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) occurred in the Republic of Korea.

238 d the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea.

239 number of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks have been linked to healthcare facilitie

240 (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), as well as a number of important animal pathogens

241 (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), two pathogens that, upon infection, can cause fat

242 S)-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, cause severe and lethal human disease.

243 agent for Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).

244 The synthetic MERS-CoV pFP core peptide (955IAGVGWTAGL964) induced ext

245 Therefore, this study demonstrates that MERS-CoV RBD is an important vaccine target able to indu

246 MERS-CoV has been hampered by the fact that MERS-CoV does not replicate in commonly available mouse

247 Our results indicate that MERS-CoV maintains the ability to replicate in bats with

248 Here, biophysical techniques revealed that MERS-CoV PLpro chiefly engages human ISG15 through its C

249 These results show that MERS-S is a substrate for proprotein convertases and dem

250 cal ultracentrifugation studies support that MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) is a weakly associated dimer (Kd appro

251 The MERS-CoV is an emerging virus, which already infected mo

252 The MERS-CoV outbreak began in Saudi Arabia and has spread t

253 titration calorimetry, we characterized the MERS-CoV macro domain as a more efficient adenosine diph

254 eloped a RABV-MERS vector that contained the MERS-CoV S1 domain of the MERS-CoV S protein fused to th

255 ivated rabies virus particles containing the MERS-CoV S1 protein induce potent immune responses again

256 ivated rabies virus (RABV) that contains the MERS-CoV spike (S) protein expressed on its surface.

257 icted to infection at the level of DPP4, the MERS-CoV receptor, we generated mice with humanized exon

258 accinated mice were fully protected from the MERS-CoV challenge, as indicated by the significantly lo

259 al bases to further evaluate the role of the MERS-CoV macro domain in the host response via ADP-ribos

260 and may explain the efficient binding of the MERS-CoV macro domain to ADP-ribose.

261 Furthermore, the crystal structure of the MERS-CoV macro domain was determined at 1.43-A resolutio

262 Pulmonary expression of the MERS-CoV receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, was similar i

263 that contained the MERS-CoV S1 domain of the MERS-CoV S protein fused to the RABV G protein C terminu

264 In vitro, the MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein interacted with Jamaican fru

265 Because this MERS outbreak originated from a superspreader, effective

266 glycosylation site that acts as a barrier to MERS-CoV infection.

267 The ongoing exposure of humans to MERS-CoV from the reservoir is of major concern, given t

268 ptor abundance and predispose individuals to MERS morbidity and mortality, which is consistent with c

269 a-pig and ferret) are naturally resistant to MERS-CoV.

270 replication and the local immune response to MERS-CoV infection likely play a role in pulmonary patho

271 mouse model to analyze the host response to MERS-CoV infection using immunological assays and transc

272 By understanding the immune response to MERS-CoV we can develop targeted therapies to inhibit pa

273 nsgenic mice shown to be highly sensitive to MERS-CoV infection and disease.

274 els of MERS, but mice are not susceptible to MERS because murine dpp4 does not serve as a receptor.

275 idase 4 receptor, making mice susceptible to MERS-CoV infection and replication.

276 d high-resolution structures of the trimeric MERS-CoV S ectodomain in complex with G4, a stem-directe

277 BNSP333-S, expresses a full-length wild-type MERS-CoV S protein; however, it showed significantly red

278 cell entry, whereas the more rigid uncleaved MERS viruses trafficked past these cell-surface protease

279 ay with human erythrocytes and intact virus, MERS-CoV Sia-binding activity was assigned to S subdomai

280 CoV was under strong positive selection when MERS-CoV transmitted from their natural host to human; 3

281 for use in animals and humans in areas where MERS-CoV is endemic.

282 of DPP4 in alveolar regions may explain why MERS is characterized by lower respiratory tract disease

283 re present in MERS-CoV spike, explaining why MERS-CoV infects human cells.

284 With MERS outbreaks resulting in over 35% fatalities and now

285 p, we inoculated 10 Jamaican fruit bats with MERS-CoV.

286 We studied 37 adult patients infected with MERS coronavirus for viral load in the lower and upper r

287 22% (95% CI: 18, 25) of those infected with MERS-CoV died.

288 l studies indicate that humans infected with MERS-CoV exhibit pathology consistent with the late stag

289 pulmonary manifestations when infected with MERS-CoV would advance the field.

290 s in the Middle East have been infected with MERS-CoV, and some contain high titers of antibody to th

291 lly or therapeutically to mice infected with MERS-CoV, indicating that this may be a useful intervent

292 moter that are susceptible to infection with MERS-CoV.

293 Upon inoculation with MERS-CoV, human DPP4 knockin (KI) mice supported virus r

294 d both vaccinated mice and control mice with MERS-CoV after adenovirus transduction of the human dipe

295 the assumed infectivity of each patient with MERS may be appropriate.

296 respiratory viral shedding in patients with MERS closely matches that of those with severe acute res

297 ransmissions originated from 3 patients with MERS who also had pneumonia and productive cough.

298 ing, did not detect additional patients with MERS without existing transmission links.

299 Nine camel workers with MERS-CoV antibodies and 43 workers without antibodies we

300 derstanding viral deISGylase activity within MERS-CoV and other CoVs.IMPORTANCE Coronaviruses, such a