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1 Fe protein, and (4) the stepwise assembly of MoFe protein.
2 of the P-cluster and the conformation of the MoFe protein.
3 in the wild-type and DeltanifB forms of the MoFe protein.
4 for the nitrogenase alpha-195Gln-substituted MoFe protein.
5 ation of oxidized Fe protein-(ADP)2 from the MoFe protein.
6 ally compromised in alpha-195Gln-substituted MoFe protein.
7 Fe-S] cluster is identified in the DeltanifH MoFe protein.
8 substrate for the wild-type (alpha-70(Val)) MoFe protein.
9 CO" state) to FeMo-cofactor in the wild-type MoFe protein.
10 s from the FeMo cofactor center in wild-type MoFe protein.
11 +) state of the P-cluster of the Delta(nifB) MoFe protein.
12 with each alphabeta half of the alpha2beta2 MoFe protein.
13 t assigned to FeMo-cofactor in the wild-type MoFe protein.
14 ined a fully active reconstituted E146D nifH MoFe protein.
15 signals are not recognized for the wild-type MoFe protein.
16 oco into the partially pure FeMoco-deficient MoFe protein.
17 o) cofactor contained within the nitrogenase MoFe protein.
18 lex is formed at a lower ratio of Fe protein/MoFe protein.
19 ) are likely reduced at the same site on the MoFe protein.
20 he nitrogenase containing the alpha-191(Lys) MoFe protein.
21 an electron-flux inhibitor with the 195(Asn) MoFe protein.
22 e FeMo cofactor-binding alpha-subunit of the MoFe protein.
23 C(2)H(2) hardly affected the alpha-191(Lys) MoFe protein.
24 P-dependent primary electron transfer to the MoFe protein.
25 een the Fe(ox)(ADP)2 protein and the reduced MoFe protein.
26 ith long-range conformational changes in the MoFe protein.
27 he oxidized, MgADP-bound Fe protein from the MoFe protein.
28 duction at rates up to 170 nmol NH(3)/min/mg MoFe protein.
29 )-reducing ability of the cofactor-deficient MoFe protein.
30 e component proteins, the Fe protein and the MoFe protein.
31 vers one electron at a time to the catalytic MoFe protein.
32 ey player in the biosynthesis of nitrogenase MoFe protein.
33 t is delivered to the target location in the MoFe protein.
34 rs that are homologous to those found in the MoFe protein.
35 nalogous clusters observed in the Delta nifH MoFe protein.
36 iated with the maturation of the nitrogenase MoFe protein.
37 teractions of C(2)H(2) and C(2)H(4) with the MoFe proteins.
38 e iron (Fe) protein and the molybdenum-iron (MoFe) protein.
39 of P-clusters in DeltanifH molybdenum-iron (MoFe) protein.
40 erent from the P-cluster of molybdenum iron (MoFe) protein.
41 NifEN, (2) the incorporation of FeMoco into MoFe protein, (3) the in situ assembly of P-cluster on M
42 he metal cluster structures in the DeltanifH MoFe protein, a variable-temperature, variable-field mag
43 FeMo-cofactor in the Azotobacter vinelandii MoFe-protein, a position that was recently identified as
46 -type MoFe protein, the alpha-96-substituted MoFe proteins all exhibit changes in their EPR spectra u
47 ocatalysis to drive electron delivery to the MoFe protein allowing examination of the mechanism of H2
50 Here, we report that when the nitrogenase MoFe protein alpha-Val(70) residue is substituted by ala
51 lanine, and the resulting doubly substituted MoFe protein (alpha-70(Ala)/alpha-195(Gln)) is turned ov
52 A doubly substituted form of the nitrogenase MoFe protein (alpha-70(Val)(-->Ala), alpha-195(His-->Gln
53 Incubation of cyanide with the alpha-96(Leu) MoFe protein also decreased the FeMo-cofactor EPR signal
57 eme, the two Fe protein binding sites of the MoFe protein alternately bind and release Fe protein in
59 ver were investigated for the alpha-Gln(195) MoFe protein, an altered form for which the alpha-His(19
60 to be larger than the wild-type or DeltanifB MoFe proteins, an increase in size that can be modeled w
61 tetramer that is structurally similar to the MoFe protein and encoded as two separate polypeptides by
62 ajor revision of the rate-limiting step from MoFe protein and Fe protein dissociation to release of P
63 the reduced, MgATP-bound Fe protein and the MoFe protein and includes electron transfer, ATP hydroly
64 owever, N(2) was bound by the alpha-195(Asn) MoFe protein and inhibited the reduction of both protons
65 ormation for productive interaction with the MoFe protein and on its ability to change redox potentia
66 e that they arise from reduced states of the MoFe protein and reflect different conformations of the
67 the normal P cluster found in the DeltanifB MoFe protein and suggest the presence of [4Fe-4S]-like c
68 dy has been undertaken on both the DeltanifB MoFe protein and the DeltanifH MoFe protein in both the
70 wo halves of the ternary complex between the MoFe protein and two reduced Fe protein-(ATP)2 do not un
71 e of the nitrogenase with the alpha-191(Lys) MoFe protein and was a poor substrate of the nitrogenase
72 anifH MoFe protein is less stable than other MoFe proteins and has been shown by extended X-ray absor
73 he interactions at the interface between the MoFe-protein and Fe-proteins are conserved in the two co
74 in, (3) the in situ assembly of P-cluster on MoFe protein, and (4) the stepwise assembly of MoFe prot
75 ns, designated the iron (Fe) protein and the MoFe protein, and minimally requires 16 magnesium ATP (M
76 odels for the [Fe-S] center in the DeltanifH MoFe protein are constructed, the most likely of which c
77 [Fe(4)S(4)]-like cluster pairs in DeltanifH MoFe protein are indeed the precursors to P-clusters, wh
79 pped intermediate of the alpha-70(Val-->Ile) MoFe protein as the Janus intermediate that stores four
80 ever, it is only a "skeleton" version of the MoFe protein, as its associated clusters are simpler in
82 studies have identified factors involved in MoFe protein assembly; however, the exact functions of t
84 netics of oxidation of the Fe protein by the MoFe protein at a constant pH of 7.4 fixed by the buffer
85 no acid residues in the alpha-subunit of the MoFe protein at positions alpha-191 and alpha-195 in sub
86 (CO)-inhibited nitrogenase molybdenum-iron (MoFe)-protein at 1.50 angstrom resolution, which reveals
87 ort that when a single amino acid within the MoFe protein (beta-98(Tyr)) is substituted by His, the r
89 ein could represent an early intermediate in MoFe protein biosynthesis where the P-cluster precursors
91 g either the wild-type or the alpha-195(Gln) MoFe protein, both of which had a low V(max) and high K(
92 derable degree of sequence homology with the MoFe protein, but also contains clusters that are homolo
93 next to the active site FeMo-cofactor in the MoFe protein by leucine, glutamine, alanine, or histidin
94 conditions that prevent electron delivery to MoFe protein, can be analyzed to reveal n and the nature
96 er the alpha-195(Asn) nor the alpha-191(Lys) MoFe protein catalyzed N(2) reduction to NH(3), when com
97 r these conditions, whereas the beta-98(His) MoFe protein catalyzes hydrazine reduction at rates up t
98 imized conditions, 1 nmol of the substituted MoFe protein catalyzes the formation of 21 nmol of CH(4)
100 properties of FeS clusters in the DeltanifH MoFe protein clearly differ from those of the normal P c
101 ster in the oxidized DeltanifB beta-188(Cys) MoFe protein closely resembles that of the P(2+) state i
102 ypeptides and then assembled into tetrameric MoFe protein complex that includes two types of metal ce
103 ed to prolong the lifetime of the Fe-protein-MoFe-protein complex and, in turn, could orchestrate the
105 FeMo-cofactor located within the nitrogenase MoFe protein component provides the site of substrate re
106 ccur upon initial complex formation with the MoFe protein component that are distinct from the protei
110 (ET) from the nitrogenase Fe protein to the MoFe protein concluded that the mechanism for ET changed
111 on-molybdenum cofactor-deficient nitrogenase MoFe proteins contain the P-cluster, although no biosynt
113 ach half of the dithionite-reduced DeltanifH MoFe protein contains a [4Fe-4S]+ cluster paired with a
114 ne alpha beta subunit pair of the Delta nifZ MoFe protein contains a P cluster ([8Fe-7S]) and an iron
115 These results suggest that the DeltanifH MoFe protein contains a pair of neighboring, unusual [4F
117 ron transfer, whereas the active site of the MoFe protein contains the polynuclear FeMo cofactor, a s
118 lted in the formation of 286 nmol NH3 mg(-1) MoFe protein, corresponding to a Faradaic efficiency of
119 ifEN complex prompted us to test whether the MoFe protein could also be functional when synthesized a
121 cubation of acetylene with the alpha-96(Leu) MoFe protein decreased the intensity of the normal FeMo-
122 ts in the formation of a variant nitrogenase MoFe protein (DeltanifB MoFe protein) that appears to co
123 n of substrate reduction, the alpha-195(Asn) MoFe protein did not catalyze HD formation under a N(2)/
125 The indigo disulfonate-oxidized Delta(nifH) MoFe protein does not show features of the P(2+) state o
126 e-protein) and its target catalytic protein (MoFe-protein), driving the reduction of dinitrogen into
127 ATP molecules, transfers one electron to the MoFe protein during each association, coupled to the hyd
128 around the active site FeMo-cofactor in the MoFe protein, either by substituting nearby amino acids
129 also varied with the ratio of Fe protein to MoFe protein (electron flux through nitrogenase), with t
130 he Fe protein transferring two electrons per MoFe protein encounter using the [Fe(4)S(4)](2+)/[Fe(4)S
131 ectra obtained from whole cells and purified MoFe protein established that the N coordination of the
132 ion that the rate constant for Fe protein to MoFe protein ET decreases strongly, with a nonlinear Arr
133 otein, association of an Fe protein with the MoFe protein, ET from the Fe protein to the MoFe protein
136 virtually identical to that of the wild-type MoFe protein except for replacement of an NuH-S hydrogen
137 n has the same composition as the Delta nifZ MoFe protein except for the absence of FeMoco, an effect
138 CH(4) and NH(3) production from HCN with all MoFe proteins except for the alpha-191(Lys) MoFe protein
139 of the P(2+) state in the oxidized wild-type MoFe protein, except for the absence of a major charge-t
143 ty of synchronizing electron delivery to the MoFe protein for generation of specific enzymatic interm
144 meters for an altered Azotobacter vinelandii MoFe protein for which the alphaGly(69) residue was subs
145 e varying apparent affinities of the altered MoFe proteins for HCN and CN(-), is advanced to explain
146 troscopy of the nitrogenase molybdenum iron (MoFe) proteins from two phylogenetically distinct nitrog
148 GHz ENDOR measurements of a (95)Mo enriched MoFe protein, further comparing the results with those f
149 was undertaken on the Delta nifB Delta nifZ MoFe protein generated in the absence of both NifZ and N
150 S-Mo-homocitrate-X]; FeMo-co) only after the MoFe protein has accumulated three or four electrons/pro
152 )D(2) reduction stereospecificity of altered MoFe proteins having amino acid substitutions within the
153 The iron-sulfur scattering of the DeltanifH MoFe protein, however, indicates differences in its clus
154 suggest that NifEN is a catalytic homolog of MoFe protein; however, it is only a "skeleton" version o
155 MoFe protein, ET from the Fe protein to the MoFe protein, hydrolysis of the two ATP to two ADP and t
156 and that P-cluster is assembled stepwise on MoFe protein, i.e., one cluster is assembled before the
157 P-clusters in the alpha(2)beta(2)-tetrameric MoFe protein, i.e., one P-cluster is formed in one alpha
158 h subsequent transfer of one electron to the MoFe protein in a reaction coupled to the hydrolysis of
159 the DeltanifB MoFe protein and the DeltanifH MoFe protein in both the dithionite-reduced and oxidized
161 s of the two metal clusters contained in the MoFe protein in catalysis, insights gained from recent s
162 N(2)H(4)) to ammonia by a beta-98(Tyr-->His) MoFe protein in the absence of the Fe protein or ATP is
163 of the intracomplex oxidation of Fe(red) by MoFe protein in the presence of a variety of solutes.
168 ectrons ([Fe(4)S(4)](2+)/[Fe(4)S(4)](0)) per MoFe protein interaction using Ti(III) but transferring
169 m cofactor-deficient form of the nitrogenase MoFe protein, into which the cofactor is inserted in the
170 er (ET) from the Fe protein to the catalytic MoFe protein involves a series of synchronized events re
174 of the FeMo cofactor (FeMoco) of nitrogenase MoFe protein is arguably one of the most complex process
175 ne alpha beta subunit pair of the tetrameric MoFe protein is assembled prior to the other, and that N
176 The alpha(2)beta(2) tetrameric Delta(nifH) MoFe protein is FeMoco-deficient based on metal analysis
182 NifZ, only one of the two P-clusters of the MoFe protein is matured to the ultimate [8Fe-7S] structu
183 n-iron scattering displayed by the DeltanifH MoFe protein is more similar to that of a standard [Fe(4
185 s indicates that a more reduced state of the MoFe protein is required to accommodate substrate or inh
187 moiety bound to FeMo-cofactor when the same MoFe protein is trapped during turnover with hydrazine.
189 ion spectroscopy (XES) of intact nitrogenase MoFe protein, isolated FeMoco, and the FeMoco-deficient
191 filtration chromatography data show that the MoFe protein lacking a full complement of the cofactor f
193 f how NifZ carries out its exact function in MoFe protein maturation awaits further investigation.
195 process, the nitrogenase component proteins, MoFe-protein (MoFeP) and Fe-protein (FeP), repeatedly as
196 e crystal structures of reduced and oxidized MoFe-protein (MoFeP) from Gluconacetobacter diazotrophic
197 finding is consistent with the existence of MoFe protein molecules that contain only one FeMo cofact
200 sistent with other studies that indicate the MoFe protein normally contains at least two acetylene bi
202 binding site(s) on the FeMo cofactor of the MoFe protein of Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase were
203 otron x-ray solution scattering data for the MoFe protein of Klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase and sh
205 n of a complex between the component Fe- and MoFe-proteins of nitrogenase represents a central event
206 he P(+) state in the DeltanifB beta-188(Cys) MoFe protein, on the other hand, is associated with a cl
207 antly, it is catalytically distinct from the MoFe protein, particularly with regard to the mechanism
208 ently shown that the alpha-70 residue of the MoFe protein plays a significant role in defining substr
210 ination of the FeMo cofactor provided by the MoFe-protein polypeptide matrix can be unambiguously rec
212 kinetic features of the altered nitrogenase MoFe protein produced by this strain, which has serine s
213 he nitrogenase containing the alpha-195(Asn) MoFe protein produced cis-C(2)D(2)H(2) when turned over
215 aturation pattern of P-clusters in DeltanifH MoFe protein provides dynamic proof for the previously h
216 ural nitrogenase substrate, N2, by wild-type MoFe protein, providing evidence that it contains N2 bou
217 l/biophysical characterization of His-tagged MoFe proteins purified from A. vinelandii nifZ and nifZ/
218 ic activity was measured as a function of Fe:MoFe protein ratio for both a one- and a two-electron tr
219 anscripts, supporting the high Fe protein-to-MoFe protein ratio required for optimal diazotrophic gro
225 ine structure analyses of cofactor-deficient MoFe proteins resulting from nifH and nifB deletion stra
226 und to form a high affinity complex with the MoFe protein, revealing that alteration on one subunit i
227 tion, the VTVH-MCD spectrum of the DeltanifH MoFe protein reveals a paramagnetic, albeit EPR-silent s
228 crystallographic analysis of the nitrogenase MoFe-protein reveals a previously unrecognized ligand co
229 alous diffraction studies on the nitrogenase MoFe protein show the presence of a mononuclear iron sit
230 alpha-96(Ala)-, or alpha-96(His)-substituted MoFe proteins show an S = 3/2 EPR signal (g = 4.26, 3.67
231 tein cannot interact with flavodoxin and the MoFe protein simultaneously, knowledge of the interactio
234 the already small value in the resting state MoFe protein strongly suggests that the resting Mo(IV) i
236 ves of DeltanifB beta-188(Cys) and wild-type MoFe proteins suggest that the P(2+) species in both pro
237 FeMoco insertion into pure FeMoco-deficient MoFe protein, suggesting that there are still other prot
238 ention and drastically reduced activities of MoFe proteins, suggesting that Trp-alpha444 may lock the
239 8(Tyr)) is substituted by His, the resulting MoFe protein supports catalytic reduction of the nitroge
240 mutually exclusive interaction sites on the MoFe-protein surface that are selectively populated, dep
242 ith the low resolution structure of purified MoFe protein that contains only one molybdenum per tetra
243 of P-cluster precursors into a region of the MoFe protein that is buried in the wild-type conformatio
244 protein x (ADP x AlF(4)(-))(2), formed with MoFe protein that lacks one of the cofactors, is stable.
245 alanine, or histidine is found to result in MoFe proteins that can interact with acetylene or cyanid
246 variant (designated DeltanifB beta-188(Cys) MoFe protein) that accumulates the P(+) form of P-cluste
247 nifH results in a variant protein (DeltanifH MoFe protein) that appears to contain FeS clusters diffe
248 variant nitrogenase MoFe protein (DeltanifB MoFe protein) that appears to contain two normal [8Fe-7S
251 active-site metal cluster in the nitrogenase MoFe protein, the FeMo-cofactor ([7Fe-9S-Mo-homocitrate-
255 e iron (Fe) protein and the molybdenum-iron (MoFe) protein; the Fe protein mediates the coupling of A
256 a mature FeMoco upon transfer from NifEN to MoFe protein through direct protein-protein interaction.
258 e) significantly lowered the capacity of the MoFe protein to reduce dinitrogen, hydrazine, or acetyle
259 ble of activating a FeMoco-deficient form of MoFe protein to the same extent as the isolated FeMoco.
260 interactions requires the incubation of the MoFe protein together with its obligate electron donor,
261 bdenum cofactor (FeMo-co) of the nitrogenase MoFe protein undergoes six steps of hydrogenation (e(-)/
262 protein can be reactivated to form the holo MoFe protein upon addition of isolated FeMo cofactor.
265 of E(4) trapped with the alpha-70(Val-->Ile) MoFe protein variant through use of advanced ENDOR metho
267 e nitrogenase alpha-70(Ile) molybdenum-iron (MoFe) protein variant accumulates a novel S = (1)/(2) st
268 tron transfer between the Fe protein and the MoFe protein via interconversions between its various ox
272 195(Asn), alpha-195(Gln), and alpha-191(Lys) MoFe proteins was 59%, 159%, and 6%, respectively, of th
274 nifD, which encodes a subunit of nitrogenase MoFe protein, was found to result in a slower inactivati
275 s observed for the alpha-96(Leu)-substituted MoFe protein were found to follow Curie law 1/T dependen
276 e catalyzed by the beta-98(His) or wild-type MoFe protein when combined with the Fe protein, ATP, and
277 tosensitize the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron (MoFe) protein, where light harvesting replaces ATP hydro
279 e nucleotide-dependent electron donor to the MoFe protein which contains the sites for substrate bind
280 hich contains a [Fe(4)S(4)] cluster, and the MoFe protein, which contains two different classes of me
281 DeltanifH, DeltanifBDeltanifZ, and DeltanifB MoFe protein, which corresponds to a decrease of the amo
282 alpha-histidine-195, and the alpha-191(Lys) MoFe protein, which has lysine substituting for alpha-gl
283 ontaining protein than that of the DeltanifB MoFe protein, which is shown to contain a "normal" P-clu
284 MoFe proteins except for the alpha-191(Lys) MoFe protein, which still manifested its very low rate o
285 her the alpha-195(Asn) or the alpha-191(Lys) MoFe proteins, which also exhibited the highest rate of
286 ed were the alpha-195(Asn) or alpha-195(Gln) MoFe proteins, which have either asparagine or glutamine
287 ctural rearrangements differ between the two MoFe proteins, which may reflect differences in potentia
290 turnover of the alpha-70(Ala)/alpha-195(Gln) MoFe protein with diazene or hydrazine as substrate corr
292 racterization of the alpha-70(Val)(-->)(Ala) MoFe protein with propargyl alcohol trapped at the activ
293 he (13)C ENDOR spectrum of the alpha-70(Ala) MoFe protein with trapped (13)C-labeled propargyl alcoho
297 er (ET) from the Fe protein to the catalytic MoFe protein, with each ET coupled to the hydrolysis of
298 binds two MgATP and forms a complex with the MoFe protein, with subsequent transfer of one electron t
299 e altered Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase MoFe proteins, with substitutions either at alpha-195(Hi
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