ライフサイエンスコーパス: N2 fixation

1 nd indirectly by nutrients needed to support N2 fixation.

2 ndidate molecules for feedback inhibition of N2 fixation.

3 nd nodule asparagine do not feedback inhibit N2 fixation.

4 appeared when shifted to conditions favoring N2 fixation.

5 geneity, especially as the cells prepare for N2 fixation.

6 rtitioning processes in support of symbiotic N2 fixation.

7 N2 reduction may be operative in biological N2 fixation.

8 erest in water splitting, CO2 reduction, and N2 fixation.

9 on burst initiated a transition to microoxic N2 fixation.

10 the most important contributor to open-ocean N2 fixation.

11 novation suggests deep homology in symbiotic N2-fixation.

12 n revealed genes for denitrification but not N2 -fixation.

13 nodules may mediate the rate of recovery of N2-fixation activity.

14 o iron supply through control of dinitrogen (N2) fixation, an iron-intensive metabolic process.

15 ient cycling, including pathways for CO2 and N2 fixation, anaerobic respiration, sulfur oxidation, fe

16 mimetic clusters demonstrates photocatalytic N2 fixation and conversion to NH3 in ambient temperature

17 cently been shown to be important in oceanic N2 fixation and has been reported from the Atlantic and

18 N2 fixation and heterotrophic bacterial activity increas

19 ules is a key step for enhancing atmospheric N2 fixation and nodule function and for improving shoot

20 CO2 mixing ratio might be needed for natural N2 fixation and only used the time interval above this m

21 ical quenching (qN) of PSII increased during N2 fixation and persisted after treatments known to indu

22 is both temporal and spatial segregation of N2 fixation and photosynthesis within the photoperiod.

23 N2 fixation and respiration peaked at 24-h intervals ear

24 its of respiratory energy capable of fueling N2 fixation and reveals a link between the global carbon

25 seedling experiment: the N2 fixer with high N2 fixation and root phosphatase activity grew best on o

26 abolic and allocation plasticity to overcome N2 fixation and seed yield limitations.

27 Moreover, corresponding observations of N2 fixation and the distribution of diazotrophic Trichod

28 d secretion contributes to the efficiency of N2-fixation and therefore biomass accumulation.

29 ource availability (via N mineralization and N2 fixation) and (ii) elevated resource use efficiency,

30 Non-symbiotic N2 fixation appears to be the major source of this N, wh

31 2 metabolism, CO2-reductive acetogenesis and N2 fixation are also provided by this first system-wide

32 etween nifH transcript abundance and maximal N2 fixation, as well as sepF transcript abundance and ce

33 indicate significant biological atmospheric N2 fixation associated with Sphagnum mosses.

34 ong correlations between AM colonisation and N2 fixation at both sites suggest that the N-P interacti

35 nktonic crustaceans may serve as hotspots of N2 fixation, at 12.9-71.9 mumol N dm(-3) copepod biomass

36 Attention has recently focused on oceanic N2 fixation because nitrogen availability is generally l

37 soil and water-deficit treatments inhibited N2 fixation by 85% to 90%.

38 In soybean, following N2 fixation by the bacteroids, ammonia is finally reduce

39 ed at high temperature and pressure, whereas N2 fixation by the enzyme nitrogenase occurs under ambie

40 Here we report rates of N2 fixation by these small, previously overlooked diazot

41 zotrophs were first characterized, show that N2 fixation by unicellular diazotrophs can support a sig

42 Despite being an electron-intensive process, N2 fixation by Z. mobilis did not divert electrons away

43 N2-fixation by Rhizobium-legume symbionts is of major ec

44 at ammonium is the sole secretion product of N2-fixation by the bacteroid and that the plant is respo

45 exopolymer particles, enhance heterotrophic N2 fixation, by forming microenvironments of intense met

46 These findings show that symbiotic N2 fixation can have a central role in nitrogen cycling

47 ntify a powerful feedback mechanism in which N2 fixation can overcome ecosystem-scale deficiencies in

48 to the rational design of improved synthetic N2 fixation catalysts.

49 The N2 fixation changes are best explained as a response to

50 to support the hypothesis that heterotrophic N2 fixation contributes significantly to oceanic BNF rat

51 opes from the South China Sea indicates that N2 fixation covaried with sea level.

52 ndance and biomass) and ecosystem functions (N2-fixation, denitrification, extracellular polymeric su

53 Energy required for N2 fixation during the night may be derived from ferment

54 ic evolutionary innovation driving symbiotic N2-fixation evolution, followed by multiple gains and lo

55 study, previously overlooked methane-induced N2 fixation explained more than one-third of the new N i

56 eides in leaves and hastened the recovery of N2 fixation following exogenous ureide application for b

57 ter deficits and coincided with a decline in N2 fixation for both cultivars.

58 t recent studies have showed that biological N2 fixation has a critical role in supporting oceanic ne

59 This novel source of biological N2 fixation has fundamental implications for understandi

60 The role of Fe in biological and industrial N2 fixation has inspired the intense study of small mole

61 ntally important functions such as nitrogen (N2) fixation have been rapidly growing over the past few

62 mmunological techniques were used to examine N2 fixation in a ubiquitous heterotrophic marine bacteri

63 t provided a micro-anaerobic environment for N2 fixation in cyanobacteria.

64 thesis in vegetative cells with O2-sensitive N2 fixation in differentiated cells called heterocysts.

65 Hitherto, N2 fixation in hot spring mats was attributed either to

66 in the assimilation of CO2 during symbiotic N2 fixation in legume root nodules.

67 We found evidence for N2 fixation in P. flexilis foliage.

68 d nodule tissue and the concurrent change in N2 fixation in response to exogenous ureides and soil-wa

69 proteobacteria had the genetic potential for N2 fixation in Sandusky Bay.

70 Decreased N2 fixation in soybean (Glycine max) L. Merr. during wat

71 agine, the primary assimilation product from N2 fixation in temperate legumes and the predominant nit

72 her metabolic processes, including symbiotic N2 fixation in the nodules.

73 -fixing microorganism since the discovery of N2 fixation in Trichodesmium in 1961.

74 olic characteristics that facilitate daytime N2 fixation in UCYN-A and possible oxygen-scavenging mec

75 tration mirrored the decline and recovery of N2 fixation included nodule ureides, nodule aspartate, a

76 colonization, root phosphatase activity and N2 fixation increased in the N2 fixers, allowing them to

77 By controlling N2 fixation, iron may control not only nitrogen versus p

78 Biological N2 fixation is a major input of bioavailable nitrogen, w

79 r results show that the distribution of seep N2 fixation is heterogeneous, laterally and with depth i

80 spectrometry analysis, we observed that seep N2 fixation is methane-dependent, and that N2 fixation r

81 o estimate the contribution of non-symbiotic N2 fixation is robust because it focuses on global quant

82 Biological nitrogen (N2) fixation is important in controlling biological prod

83 enase, the enzyme responsible for biological N2 fixation, is irreversibly inhibited by oxygen in vitr

84 monly used to assess community potential for N2 fixation, manual collection and curation are becoming

85 ge between methanotrophic carbon cycling and N2 fixation may constitute an important mechanism in the

86 ned with the parallels with ccNIR, support a N2 fixation mechanism in which liberation of the first N

87 ly, whereas the Mo2Fe6S8(SPh)3 is capable of N2 fixation, Mo itself is not necessary to carry out thi

88 independently affected by nutrient addition (N2-fixation), modified herbivory (sediment organic matte

89 ements of population abundances, dinitrogen (N2) fixation, mortality, productivity, export and transc

90 ctors that may have driven the spread of the N2-fixation mutualistic trait.

91 enes are transcriptionally up-regulated with N2 fixation; N starvation caused 2.8-fold and 7- to 10-f

92 Neither N2 fixation nor direct photolytic hydrogenogenesis was s

93 structure) and functional (i.e. metabolism, N2 -fixation, nutrient uptake) attributes of biofilms we

94 le isotope experiments, we demonstrated that N2 fixation occurred in the fungus gardens of eight leaf

95 ogenic non-fixers within root nodules, where N2-fixation occurs, even when they share the same nodule

96 We found that growth and N2-fixation of the ubiquitous cyanobacterium Trichodesmi

97 egarding the evolution of photosynthesis and N2 fixation on Earth.

98 f these vbs genes was required for symbiotic N2 fixation on peas or Vicia.

99 ansgenic nodules was increased and symbiotic N2 fixation per nodule was elevated, indicating that tra

100 The rate of N2 fixation per unit volume biomass was independent of t

101 Legume rhizobia symbiotic nitrogen (N2) fixation plays a critical role in sustainable nitrog

102 contribution of alternative nitrogenases to N2 fixation provides a simple explanation for the anomal

103 rval above this minimum CO2 mixing ratio for N2 fixation rate calculations.

104 We determined a mean N2 fixation rate of 78 +/- 5 mumol N2 (g dry weight nodu

105 l temperatures (>91% of total biovolume) and N2 -fixation rates increased up to 120-fold between the

106 2.8- to 6.8-fold variation), the much higher N2 -fixation rates supplied the majority of N to the eco

107 e younger peatland stages, where the highest N2 fixation rates and highest methane oxidation activiti

108 le analytical approach to measure biological N2 fixation rates directly without a proxy or isotopic l

109 ed on abundances and plausible cell-specific N2 fixation rates indicates that these gamma-proteobacte

110 p N2 fixation is methane-dependent, and that N2 fixation rates peak in a narrow sediment depth horizo

111 vorable conditions, diazotroph abundance and N2 fixation rates remains low for reasons yet explained.

112 our analysis of heterotrophic cell-specific N2 fixation rates required to explain BNF rates reported

113 N2 fixation rates were up to 3.02 pmol N copepod(-1) day

114 mino acids did not significantly affect bulk N2 fixation rates, N2 fixation was enhanced by amino aci

115 cellular ratios were associated with reduced N2 fixation rates, suggestive of phosphorus deficiency.

116 extent and magnitude of basin-scale oceanic N2 fixation rates.

117 s of the choice of productivity metric these N2-fixation rates are low compared with other oligotroph

118 importance of N2fixation did not change, the N2-fixation rates at these two stations were several-fol

119 ion resulted in low cytosolic pH and reduced N2-fixation rates despite elevated nitrogenase concentra

120 studies and models have suggested that total N2-fixation rates may be substantially greater than prev

121 Although euphotic zone-integrated short-term N2-fixation rates were higher, up to 100 micromol N m(-2

122 usters are also capable of accomplishing the N2 fixation reaction with even higher efficiency than th

123 This scale-dependent limitation of N2 fixation reconciles local observations of Fe stress i

124 N2 fixation recovered to 74% to 90% of control levels 2

125 ly variable, can equal or exceed the rate of N2 fixation reported for larger, more obvious organisms.

126 N2 fixation should be a critical process in the nitrogen

127 Symbiotic N2 fixation (SNF) brings nitrogen into ecosystems, fuell

128 rought frequency, which may affect symbiotic N2 fixation (SNF), a process that facilitates ecosystem

129 N-depleted surface waters, which encourages N2 fixation, the dominant N input to the ocean.

130 Similarly, elevated CO2 only enhances N2 fixation, the major natural process providing soil N

131 -input agriculture, enabled by the symbiotic N2 -fixation these legumes perform in association with r

132 Biological N2 fixation to NH3 may proceed at one or more Fe sites i

133 d in mudstone (JK, CB) is likely a result of N2 fixation to nitrate generated by thermal shock from i

134 re we use multiple geochemical signatures of N2 fixation to show that the Fe limitation of diazotroph

135 te N2 aerobically and supply the products of N2 fixation to vegetative cells.

136 ht to be the primary contributors to oceanic N2 fixation until the discovery of the unusual uncultiva

137 hrough water splitting, CO2 reduction and/or N2 fixation using photo- and photo(electro)catalytic pro

138 significantly affect bulk N2 fixation rates, N2 fixation was enhanced by amino acids in individual co

139 ptional and post-translational regulation of N2 fixation was observed.

140 Nitrogen (N2) fixation was investigated at Mound 12, Costa Rica, t

141 ugh to modulate the regional distribution of N2 fixation within ocean basins--particularly the Fe-poo

142 The discovery of N2 fixation within the leaf-cutter ant-microbe symbiosis