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1 PCV7 induced a low ability to opsonize different isolate
2 PCV7 induces a greater functional antibody response than
3 PCV7 ineffectiveness against serotype 19A, antibiotic re
4 PCV7 introduction has led to reductions in serotype 6A I
5 PCV7 introduction resulted in 83% (95% CI, 66%-91%, P <
6 PCV7 serotypes decreased by 76% overall (103 versus 25 p
7 PCV7-serotype IPD declined among all race, age, and PPV2
8 PCV7-type IPD rates in all ages in both races decreased
15 erotypes (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F), PCV7-related serotypes (6A, 9A, 9L, 9N, 18A, 18B, 18F, 1
22 o PCV7 serotypes decreased in all ages after PCV7 introduction (P < .001), whereas the incidence of I
23 nce and carriage prevalence before and after PCV7 introduction to estimate changes in serotype-specif
36 AOM and after exposure to antimicrobials and PCV7, which is mainly attributable to reduced prevalence
37 [CI], 12.0-14.0) per 100 000 live births and PCV7 serotypes accounted for 44% (154/349) of serotyped
41 ease were serotype 19F, present in PCV13 and PCV7, and serotypes 6A and 19A, present in PCV13 only.
42 ve pressures of widespread macrolide use and PCV7 and PCV13 introductions on S. pneumoniae were assoc
43 dence in 2007 with that in 1998-1999 (before PCV7) and assessed potential serotype coverage of new co
45 ttern: In the PCV7 period, only OM caused by PCV7 + 6A serotypes was decreased; in the PCV13 period,
46 mpared with the pre-PCV period, OM caused by PCV7 plus serotype 6A and the 5 additional PCV13 serotyp
47 er 100,000 person-years in disease caused by PCV7 serotypes (-89%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -92
48 Reductions in the rates of disease caused by PCV7 serotypes among both children and adults most likel
49 e of invasive pneumococcal disease caused by PCV7 serotypes decreased by 85% (95% CI, -89 to -79), wh
50 s well as the reduction in disease caused by PCV7 serotypes following the introduction of PCV7 in 200
51 type, 0.16 (0.07-0.40) for disease caused by PCV7 serotypes, 0.17 (0.07-0.42) for disease caused by 1
54 an 86% reduction of the serotypes covered by PCV7 (1.46 vs 0.20 per 100,000; IRR 0.14, 0.10-0.18) and
56 valence may be explained by the induction by PCV7 of low amounts of functional anti-6C antibody, comp
59 with the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV7) vaccine and rapid tests for identification of viru
61 the 7-valent pneumococcal protein conjugate (PCV7) vaccine, which includes serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 1
62 of children that did not complete the 4-dose PCV7 series had a higher proportion of adult IPD cases c
69 d overall changes in IPD incidence following PCV7 introduction for most studies, while the more detai
70 rotype 19A significantly increased following PCV7's introduction, but the incidence declined toward b
71 ther changes in rates had occurred following PCV7 introduction, we calculated site specific rate rati
72 italizations in children aged <1 y following PCV7 introduction (-18.0%, 95% CI: -22.6%, -13.1%, for 2
73 , 0.12 (0.08-0.20), and 0.18 (0.15-0.21) for PCV7+6A serotypes, 5 additional PCV13 serotypes, and all
74 dible interval: 79-97%) and 80% (46-93%) for PCV7/13 serotypes among Bedouin and Jewish children <12
76 uctions in IPD due to vaccine serotypes from PCV7 (IRR, 0.20; CI, .17-.22) were about 2-fold greater
80 ected among children younger than 5 years if PCV7 alone had been continued, incidence of IPD overall
82 ed by serotypes included in PCV13 but not in PCV7 decreased from 6.5 to 0.5 per 100 000 in children a
84 83% (95% CI, 66%-91%, P < .001) reduction in PCV7 IPD and a declining trend in overall IPD by 2009-20
86 in conjugate (PCV13) vaccine, which includes PCV7 serotypes plus serotypes 1, 3, 5, 6A, 7F, 19A, may
89 95% IE] 59-68) and IPD caused by PCV13 minus PCV7 serotypes declined by 93% (91-94), by July, 2012, t
92 and nonsusceptibility to penicillin of non- PCV7 serotypes, and we found increased proportions of sp
94 d the effects of trends in PCV7-type and non-PCV7-type IPD rates on racial disparities in overall IPD
96 recent increase in meningitis caused by non-PCV7 serotypes, including strains nonsusceptible to anti
97 ingitis and invasive pneumonia caused by non-PCV7 types increased for all age groups (P< .05), wherea
100 ction of PCV7 resulted in an increase in non-PCV7 serotypes, including some not covered by the 13-val
104 se decreased by 32.1% (P=0.08), rates of non-PCV7-serotype disease increased from 0.32 to 0.51 (an in
105 D rates caused by serotype 19A and other non-PCV7 types have increased but remain low relative to dec
106 of IPD caused by serotype 19A and other non-PCV7 types increased from 0.8 to 2.7 cases per 100,000 p
108 the incidence of invasive disease due to non-PCV7 serogroups together with serogroup 19A increased (P
109 During 2007-2008, serotypes in PCV13 but not PCV7 caused 78%-97% of penicillin-nonsusceptible IPD, de
110 aused by serotypes included in PCV13 but not PCV7 were prevented among children aged <5 years (-97% d
114 rains were highly related to other clones of PCV7 serotypes or to isolates within major 19A clonal co
117 the population that received 3 or 4 doses of PCV7 (mean centered), and a linear spline to control for
118 s after they were given two priming doses of PCV7 (n=126) or PCV13 (n=237) and opsonophagocytic antib
119 ), despite receiving at least three doses of PCV7 in the second year of life or two doses in the seco
124 are the main determinants for the impact of PCV7 on childhood IPD and can be combined in a simple mo
125 l performance against the reported impact of PCV7 on childhood IPD in high-income countries from a re
126 vaccine serotypes may mitigate the impact of PCV7 on nasopharyngeal bacterial community structure and
128 eillance project following implementation of PCV7 (in September 2006) and PCV13 (in April 2010) in ch
134 stimated for years after the introduction of PCV7 vaccination (2001-2004) were compared with expected
135 997 through 1999 (before the introduction of PCV7) and from 2007 through 2009 (well after its introdu
137 in gene diversity after the introduction of PCV7, the accessory gene pool re-expanded mainly by gene
143 cluded data from an earlier investigation of PCV7 to assess vaccine effectiveness in children exposed
144 ng adults 25 to 44 years of age, the rate of PCV7-serotype disease declined by 57% (95% CI, -63 to -5
152 during the American Indian clinical trial of PCV7, in which communities were randomized for eligible
153 ALY) lost from the IPD remaining when use of PCV7 stopped in 2010 was estimated for the serotypes cov
162 Although the introductions of 7-valent PCV (PCV7) and 13-valent PCV (PCV13) were associated with dec
165 re and after administration of 7-valent PCV (PCV7) were available from England and Wales, the Netherl
166 serotypes contained in the seven-valent PCV (PCV7), and 9.5 years (6.1-16.6) for the grouped six addi
172 Both PPV23 and herd immunity from pediatric PCV7 were associated with reductions in IPD in immunocom
173 ype distribution before widespread pediatric PCV7 use, the median differential between the 23 and 13
174 za was circulating, the efficacy of TIV plus PCV7 was 72.4% (95% confidence interval, 30.2%-89.1%) ag
175 rs old, overall IPD decreased by year 1 post-PCV7 (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.46-0.65) and remained relatively
176 e-PCV7 (July 1998 to December 2004) and post-PCV7 (January 2005 to June 2011) periods, adjusting for
180 of 23% in all-cause pneumonia 7-9 years post-PCV7 introduction reported for adults aged >/=85 years i
184 ic-nonsusceptible IPD rates remain below pre-PCV7 rates for children <5 and adults >/=65 years old.
190 spitalization rates by age group for the pre-PCV7 (July 1998 to December 2004) and post-PCV7 (January
192 f IPD caused by each serotype during the pre-PCV7 period to obtain an estimate of post-PCV7 disease i
195 thy infants were randomized (1:1) to receive PCV7 or PCV13 at ages 2, 4, 6, and 12 months; NP swabs w
197 rol group and comprised infants who received PCV7 after 6 months and came from unvaccinated communiti
199 ected to have an indirect effect of reducing PCV7 serotype maternal colonization and possibly disease
206 countries replacing or considering replacing PCV7 with PCV13, as well as data that can be used to eva
209 nation against seven pneumococcal serotypes (PCV7) reduced disease prevalence due to antibiotic-resis
211 riage prevalence decreased in all ages since PCV7 introduction; vaccine-serotype carriage has been ne
212 ition and prevalence of NP colonization than PCV7 did for 4 additional PCV13 serotypes, and serotypes
215 accine effectiveness was 90% (34-98) for the PCV7 serotypes and 73% (55-84) for the six additional se
217 ], respectively) in a 2-step pattern: In the PCV7 period, only OM caused by PCV7 + 6A serotypes was d
218 rotection) and also showed a reversal of the PCV7 era increase in paediatric empyema related to strai
219 The highly effective introduction of the PCV7 pneumococcal vaccine in 2000 in the United States(2
221 decrease in the rate of bacteremia since the PCV7 vaccine was introduced means that the management gu
222 y lower in the PCV13 group compared with the PCV7 group; the main serotypes contributing to this sign
224 nd no evidence of pneumococcal adaptation to PCV7 via downregulation or deletion of vaccine-serotype
229 ter pediatric PCV7 authorization, IPD due to PCV7 serotypes had decreased by 90% (95% CI, 77%-96%) in
230 1-2013, the overall incidences of IPD due to PCV7 serotypes, the 6 additional serotypes in PCV13, and
231 odeficiency virus were more often exposed to PCV7 serotypes by their mothers, their risk of acquisiti
232 creasing trend in disease incidence prior to PCV7 introduction in England and Wales, and (ii) a range
235 indings provide reassurance that, similar to PCV7, PCVs with additional serotypes can also prevent tr
237 7), 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) (2008-2010), and PCV13 (2011-2013) periods were es
239 the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) based on serological noninferiority criteria.
241 sal 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) from 2005, replaced by 13-valent PCV (PCV13) in 20
242 of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has led to significant reductions in disease while
243 heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has significantly reduced the burden of pneumococc
244 f a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000 and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vac
245 heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000 reduced macrolide-resistant invasive pneum
246 heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000, but its effect on pneumococcal meningitis
247 of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000, incidence of IPD among adults has decline
249 st offered a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2006, given at 2 and 4 months of age and a boos
250 ced 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in April 2009 using a 2 + 1 schedule (6 and 14 wee
251 ogenicity of the 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in children and the 23-valent polysaccharide vacci
252 the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in September 2006 has markedly reduced the burden
254 the pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) into the routine infant immunization schedule in E
255 of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) into the U.S. childhood immunization schedule in 2
256 the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in infants
257 seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on pneumococcal carriage and the bacterial compone
259 pread use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) resulted in decreases in invasive disease among ch
260 Non-7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) serotypes other than 19A accounted for 40% of thes
261 the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) transmitted by their mothers than vice versa; howe
264 12 years of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) use on pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage and se
265 , a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in 2009 with a three-dose schedule
266 seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in the USA and resulted in dramatic
267 seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) were associated with changes in the rate of hospit
268 the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) with its 13-valent equivalent (PCV13), partly base
269 of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) rates among b
275 of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7; Prevnar) in infancy followed by 23-valent pneumoco
276 he 7-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV7) has affected the genetic population of Streptococc
278 ent protein-conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7) introduction (139 versus 55 per 2-year period prio
279 mothers) plus 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7; delivered to infants) was higher than the efficacy
280 jugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PCV7) is safe and induced greater serotype-specific immu
281 jugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PCV7) were also associated with reduced prevalence of di
282 vaccine (PCV13) replaced a 7-valent vaccine (PCV7) that contained all PCV7 serotypes plus 6 additiona
283 se in The Gambia where the 7-valent vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in August, 2009, followed by the 13
284 immunisation with the seven-valent vaccine (PCV7), but its potential for herd protection and serotyp
286 d 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7 and PCV13, respectively) altered pneumococcal serot
287 d 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7 and PCV13, respectively) are highly effective in pr
290 nd trial compared the impact of PCV13 versus PCV7 on nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization and immunogenic
291 igated B-cell responses to establish whether PCV7 (a 7-valent PCV) induced T-dependent responses in a
297 were inferior to Australian experience with PCV7 and reports from high-income countries giving a PCV
298 ons learned from a decade of experience with PCV7, the increasing problem of disease due to nonvaccin
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