ライフサイエンスコーパス: Protozoa

1 ls (e.g. bacteria, archaea, spermatozoa, and protozoa).

2 f integral membrane proteins among parasitic protozoa.

3 critical to adaptation in other insect-borne protozoa.

4 in activated sludge through ion trapping in protozoa.

5 a prospective drug target against parasitic protozoa.

6 cellular matrix of many bacteria, fungi, and protozoa.

7 gether regulate the intricate lives of these protozoa.

8 (in which it has been termed DIP13) and most protozoa.

9 we offer advice on obtaining emergent model protozoa.

10 within the mitochondria of the kinetoplastid protozoa.

11 ed by pathogens as divergent as bacteria and protozoa.

12 with homologs in invertebrates, plants, and protozoa.

13 vesicles present in eukaryotic cells such as protozoa.

14 more parasitic organisms, such as worms and protozoa.

15 a broad array of pathogens, from viruses to protozoa.

16 intracellular replication in macrophages and protozoa.

17 iscussing human infections due to intestinal protozoa.

18 displays a novel mode of action in ciliated protozoa.

19 arget for treatment of human infections with protozoa.

20 cterial proliferation within macrophages and protozoa.

21 in immune responses against many viruses and protozoa.

22 s) recently identified in plants, worms, and protozoa.

23 L. pneumophila within human macrophages and protozoa.

24 to synthesize cholesterol is universal among protozoa.

25 ponse of insects to invasion by bacteria and protozoa.

26 zyme inhibitors designed to target parasitic protozoa.

27 g14 domain arrangements that evolved in some protozoa.

28 ganisms but has not been studied in ciliated protozoa.

29 marine algae, 1300 freshwater algae, and 350 protozoa.

30 infection for viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa.

31 se lipids derived from mammals, bacteria and protozoa.

32 nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase) from parasitic protozoa.

33 ding mammals, amphibians, plants, yeast, and protozoa.

34 but it has not been studied in kinetoplastid protozoa.

35 viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa.

36 d among eukaryotes, from humans to plants to protozoa.

37 molecular components of bacteria, fungi and protozoa.

38 Ser/Thr kinases found in plants and certain protozoa.

39 s remain poorly understood in trypanosomatid protozoa.

40 a able to avoid consumption by host-specific protozoa.

41 and the RNA-editing ligases of kinetoplastid protozoa.

42 g", an essential process in these pathogenic protozoa.

43 s clan have now been identified in parasitic protozoa.

44 ips among the phyla of the ancestral kingdom Protozoa.

45 d investigations on this medically important protozoa.

46 l, kinetoplast DNA network in trypanosomatid protozoa.

47 ding, in our opinion, killing of bacteria by protozoa.

48 y microscope for the presence of free-living protozoa.

49 ater treatment and infection with intestinal protozoa.

50 robials covers bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa.

51 er and soil ecosystems where they parasitize protozoa.

52 mparable morphology and staining for various protozoa.

53 ce using PVA-formalin-fixed stool containing protozoa.

54 for clinical diagnosis of common intestinal protozoa.

55 l activity against bacteria, fungi, and even protozoa.

56 es, and less commonly by bacteria, fungi and protozoa.

57 hes, including biofilms, plant material, and protozoa.

58 been reported in several free-living ciliate protozoa.

59 obes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa.

60 the diagnosis of most pathogenic intestinal protozoa.

61 nce of archaea (R = 0.39), bacteria (-0.47), protozoa (0.45), Bacteroidetes (-0.37) and Clostridium C

62 cross-reactivity was seen with 10 different protozoa (152 challenges), nine different helminths (35

63 forming bacterium we used as a surrogate for protozoa (88%+).

64 ich pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa activate dendritic cells (DCs) to drive T helpe

65 repeat (IR) transgenes, has been achieved in protozoa, algae, fungi, plants, and metazoans.

66 Although plants and protozoa also regulate secretion by means of intracellul

67 the most common infections caused by enteric protozoa (amebiasis, cryptosporidiosis, and giardiasis),

68 been limited to unicellular organisms (e.g., protozoa and bacteria).

69 g water quality by removing human pathogenic protozoa and bacteria, their removal regarding viruses h

70 the I42 family, known as ICP, occur in some protozoa and bacterial pathogens but are absent from met

71 la is crucial for the pathogen to survive in protozoa and cause human disease.

72 Protozoa and Fungi have also been identified; however, t

73 n and characterization of viruses, bacteria, protozoa and fungi.

74 of microparasites such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi.

75 uired for fertilization in taxa ranging from protozoa and green algae to flowering plants and inverte

76 CSU patients were more often diagnosed with protozoa and had a significantly higher risk of toxocari

77 Protozoa and helminths are members of the gut microbiota

78 Protozoa and helminths, vector-borne, foodborne, soilbor

79 first report of a CTLD-containing protein in protozoa and in Apicomplexa.

80 Homologs of DdPPK2 are found in pathogenic protozoa and in the alga Chlamydomonas.

81 idoreductases of bacteria, plant, fungi, and protozoa and malate-quinone oxidoreductases of bacteria.

82 L. pneumophila replicates in protozoa and mammalian phagocytes within a unique "Legio

83 CA (papain) cysteine proteases in primitive protozoa and metazoa have suggested that this enzyme fam

84 ound almost exclusively in animal organisms (Protozoa and Metazoa).

85 Although total protozoa and native bacteria were unaffected by monensin

86 However, unlike mammalian cells, fungi, protozoa and plants synthesize inositol phosphorylcerami

87 ss protein (Usp) domain present in bacteria, protozoa and plants, which we named "SlRd2".

88 We analyzed the genomes of pathogenic protozoa and show the existence within them of genes enc

89 We analyzed the genomes of pathogenic protozoa and show the existence within them of genes enc

90 oire of pathogens including bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses.

91 In common with the fungi, the kinetoplastid protozoa (and higher plants) synthesize IPC rather than

92 acetyltransferase in mammals, nematodes, and protozoa, and its activity plays a conserved role in sev

93 ion of L. pneumophila within macrophages and protozoa, and its expression is temporally controlled by

94 l categories (human viruses, bovine viruses, protozoa, and pathogenic bacteria).

95 nthase complex is found throughout bacteria, protozoa, and plants, indicating that CdiA-CT(EC536) exp

96 These findings place fungi, protozoa, and red algae in a common lineage distinct fro

97 ve risk proxies for infections via bacteria, protozoa, and viruses, respectively.

98 invasion, pathogenic infection by bacteria, protozoa, and viruses, through specific interaction with

99 nd treatment of the diseases caused by these protozoa are discussed in this review.

100 Ciliated protozoa are peculiar for their nuclear dimorphism, wher

101 The kinetoplastid Protozoa are responsible for devastating diseases.

102 New and emerging information on intestinal protozoa are reviewed with emphasis on aspects considere

103 Leishmania and other parasitic protozoa are unable to synthesize purines de novo and ar

104 Leishmania major and all other parasitic protozoa are unable to synthesize purines de novo and ar

105 Parasitic protozoa are unable to synthesize purines de novo and mu

106 proaches to diagnosis and treatment of these protozoa, are discussed.

107 cellular eukaryotes, including kinetoplastid protozoa, are thought to synthesize exclusively inositol

108 ing due to the higher inhibition of ciliated protozoa as compared to bacteria when exposed to cadmium

109 s highlight the role of the major intestinal protozoa as important etiologic disease agents in low-in

110 It is timely to evaluate the role of protozoa as model organisms given their diversity, abund

111 ens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, as well as host-derived mediators.

112 ly changing epidemiology of these intestinal protozoa, as well as new approaches to diagnosis and tre

113 re important for the virulence of Leishmania protozoa at least in part through retention of membrane

114 The mechanism by which the protozoa attach to polymeric surfaces is proposed to be

115 different types of microorganisms (parasitic protozoa, bacteria and viruses).

116 r tyrosine kinases and cadherins) evolved in protozoa before the origin of animals.

117 ost studied cysteine peptidases of parasitic protozoa belong to the group of papain-like enzymes know

118 ralin, ethafluralin) disrupt microtubules in protozoa but not in vertebrate cells, causing selective

119 fluorescence in distinct compartments of the protozoa, but not in the bacterial biomass.

120 is able to replicate within macrophages and protozoa by establishing a replicative compartment in a

121 The recent discovery in a lineage of protozoa called kinetoplastids of unconventional kinetoc

122 plectic or antiplectic metachrony of ciliate protozoa, can be achieved with single microswimmers.

123 Several parasitic protozoa cause a huge burden of disease in humans and li

124 opportunistic viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa cause infections in the esophagus, stomach, sma

125 Diarrheal diseases due to intestinal protozoa cause significant morbidity and mortality world

126 odborne parasitic disease, excluding enteric protozoa, caused an estimated 23.2 million (95% UI 18.2-

127 Choanoflagellates, unicellular and colonial protozoa closely related to Metazoa, provide a potential

128 Metacaspases in plants, fungi, and protozoa constitute new members of a conserved superfami

129 Parasitic protozoa contain an abundance of cysteine peptidases tha

130 C]), Shigella/enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), protozoa (Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeb

131 Because the protozoa did not lyse, largely intact quantum dots remai

132 m-negative, and fungal pathogens, as well as protozoa, e.g., Trichomonas vaginalis, Plasmodium berghe

133 e diagnostic methods have been developed for protozoa endemic to developed countries, including Giard

134 e diagnostic methods have been developed for protozoa endemic to developed countries, including Giard

135 imary diversification of eukaryotes involved protozoa, especially zooflagellates-flagellate protozoa

136 tious metacyclic promastigotes of Leishmania protozoa establish infection in a mammalian host after t

137 ingesting the cells of L. pneumophila, some protozoa expel them as compressed live cells in the form

138 Leishmania spp. protozoa express multiple antigens recognized by the ver

139 Ciliated protozoa extensively remodel their somatic genomes durin

140 is highly conserved in CARMIL proteins from protozoa, flies, worms, and vertebrates (CARMIL Homology

141 vide a promising tool to detect and genotype protozoa from clinical and environmental samples.

142 In addition to importation of intestinal protozoa from the tropics, AIDS and the increasing use o

143 istant relatives of animal caspases found in protozoa, fungi, and plants.

144 redible way of estimating how many parasitic protozoa, fungi, bacteria, and viruses exist.

145 Parasitic protozoa generally are incapable of de novo purine biosy

146 range of microbes, including the pathogenic protozoa Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas vaginalis, and

147 tiating DNA from any of the diarrhea-causing protozoa Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Entamoeba.

148 fected by three genera of important zoonotic protozoa: Giardia, Cryptosporidium and Toxoplasma.

149 egular activated sludge and sludge where the protozoa had been inactivated.

150 Since protozoa have been implicated in the alteration of virul

151 he most successful termite lineage, in which protozoa have been lost from the gut community.

152 n X-ray crystal structures of the HPRTs from protozoa have been reported.

153 The intestinal protozoa have gained importance to physicians practicing

154 ues of Piezo channels, while most pathogenic protozoa have genes encoding homologues of mechanosensit

155 The selenoproteomes of these flagellated protozoa have three selenoproteins, including distant ho

156 Ciliated protozoa have two kinds of nuclei: Macronuclei (MAC) and

157 gs, exposed to zoonotic parasites, including protozoa, helminths, and arthropods, may represent a maj

158 unity of microbes including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, helminths, and viruses.

159 infection with bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa (i.e. microparasites) most for wide-ranging, di

160 hagocytes, which can eliminate extracellular protozoa (IL-8) or bridge innate to adaptive immunity (M

161 la is an intracellular pathogen that infects protozoa in aquatic environments and when inhaled by sus

162 pplements or other methods that enrich these protozoa in cattle manure could be a novel strategy to c

163 The repertoire of protozoa in contact lens solutions is larger than previo

164 The repertoire of free-living protozoa in contact lens solutions is poorly known despi

165 Rapid point-of-care detection of enteric protozoa in diarrheal stool is desirable in clinical and

166 D) pathways remain understudied in parasitic protozoa in spite of the fact that they provide potentia

167 unusual homologue of Elp3 in early-branching protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa.

168 ains, we have been able to place a number of protozoa in two distinct and dissimilar structural famil

169 ed bacteria were differentially toxic to the protozoa, in that they inhibited their own digestion in

170 The growth of protozoa, in turn, was dependent on bacterial copper sen

171 racters are especially prominent in ciliated protozoa, in which parental noncoding RNA molecules inst

172 veterinary and medically important parasitic protozoa including human pathogenic species of the gener

173 ine with this phenomenon, several pathogenic protozoa, including Giardia lamblia, Leishmania species,

174 roteins that are found in plants and certain protozoa, including the causative agent of malaria, Plas

175 In the mitochondria of kinetoplastid protozoa, including Trypanosoma brucei, RNA editing inse

176 process in the mitochondria of kinetoplastid protozoa, including Trypanosoma brucei, that involves th

177 This was due to the toxic inhibition of protozoa, indicating that high estrogen concentrations c

178 Pathogenic intestinal protozoa infections are responsible for substantial mort

179 th individual-level data on human intestinal protozoa infections.

180 is associated with lower odds of intestinal protozoa infections.

181 hasised to sustain the control of intestinal protozoa infections.

182 cluding viruses, bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, protozoa, insects and nematodes.

183 bacterial community structure, and bacteria-protozoa interactions was examined.

184 on and strain-specific responses in bacteria-protozoa interactions, including responses that contribu

185 mmunity against some intracellular parasitic protozoa involves interleukin 18 (IL-18)-mediated interf

186 of immune evasion in pathogenic bacteria and protozoa is antigenic variation, in which genetic or epi

187 acellular lifestyle of L. pneumophila within protozoa is considered to be a fundamental process that

188 ral mitochondrial mRNAs of the kinetoplastid protozoa is created through the insertion and deletion o

189 aspects of RNA processing in trypanosomatid protozoa is the presence of a cap 4 structure (m7Gpppm2(

190 DNA, the mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomatid protozoa, is a network containing several thousand topol

191 Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa lead to disease that can be especially severe,

192 Pathogenic protozoa lead to diseases such as malaria, dysentery, le

193 Pathogenic protozoa lead to diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis

194 The parasitic protozoa Leishmania major produces a peroxidase (L. majo

195 s been reported in the unicellular parasitic protozoa Leishmania species.

196 a serovar Typhi, and Yersinia pestis), and 3 protozoa (Leishmania spp., Plasmodium spp., and Trypanos

197 ong the many species and subsepecies of such protozoa, Leishmania donovani chagasi causes visceral le

198 ganism and then examine through examples why protozoa make good models.

199 count for Legionella's ability to survive in protozoa, mammalian macrophages, and inhospitable enviro

200 that launched the evolution of animals from protozoa marks one of the most pivotal, and poorly under

201 s is poorly known despite the fact that such protozoa may act as direct pathogens and may harbor intr

202 we attempted to assess the possibility that protozoa may contribute to the putative hypervirulence o

203 We conclude by recognising that although protozoa may in some cases not completely mimic tissue-

204 processing and presentation of intracellular protozoa may provide important insights needed for the r

205 phore dietary supplements that inhibit rumen protozoa may provide such a selective advantage for EcO1

206 vents associated with invasion by pathogenic protozoa may represent vulnerable pathways for the futur

207 LADins against PBGS orthologs from bacteria, protozoa, metazoa, and plants to elucidate the inhibitor

208 rray targeting pathogens (viruses, bacteria, protozoa), microbial source tracking (MST) markers, and

209 provide strong evidence that ion trapping in protozoa occurs and that it is an important removal mech

210 fication in trypanosomatids, early branching protozoa of significant medical and veterinary importanc

211 of trypanosomatids, a group of kinetoplastid protozoa of significant medical importance, encode two P

212 zoonotic disease caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus babesia, is characterized by nonim

213 Coccidiosis, caused by apicomplexan protozoa of the genus Eimeria, is one of the most import

214 Infection by vector-borne protozoa of the genus Leishmania occurs by the depositio

215 niasis [CL]) is caused by various species of protozoa of the genus Leishmania The diagnosis is achiev

216 Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, affects millions of pe

217 nimal and human diseases caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma.

218 of thymine in the nuclear DNA of flagellated protozoa of the order Kinetoplastida.

219 Genome duality in ciliated protozoa offers a unique system to showcase their epigen

220 Of patients with enteritis caused by protozoa or parasites, 41.9% developed IBS, and of patie

221 thus far have been found in endosymbionts of protozoa or pathogens of higher-order animals, including

222 lture invasion assay, after surviving within protozoa originating from the bovine rumen.

223 erience diarrhea due to viruses (P = .57) or protozoa (P = .14).

224 used by the intraerythrocytic development of protozoa parasites from the genus Babesia.

225 ts that span the array of viruses, bacteria, protozoa, parasites, and fungal organisms.

226 The common function of 5MP from protozoa, plants, fungi and insects is to control transl

227 ing proteins that are highly conserved among protozoa, plants, nematodes and mammals.

228 ransferase (PFT) is lethal to the pathogenic protozoa Plasmodium falciparum.

229 Ciliated protozoa possess cellular axes reflected in the arrangem

230 ll biological studies suggest that parasitic protozoa possess the capacity for PCD including a primor

231 Cadmium concentrations in the protozoa predator were approximately five times higher t

232 nd baking of sediments) to remove indigenous protozoa (predators) and bacteria (competitors), and (ii

233 at risk for chronic infection by ubiquitous protozoa previously not known to cause serious human dis

234 croorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, providing autophagy with a role in innate immu

235 We show here that intestinal protozoa recognize antigenically diverse Salmonella with

236 ified new and emerging species of intestinal protozoa relevant to global public health such as Dienta

237 Since intracellular protozoa remodel the vacuolar compartments in which they

238 These pathogenic protozoa replicate within an intracellular vacuole insid

239 Foodborne enteric protozoa, reported elsewhere, resulted in an additional

240 nto the molecular basis for PCD in parasitic protozoa represent a fertile area for investigation and

241 The Leishmania protozoa reside in the sand fly gut, but the nature of t

242 Leishmania spp. are intracellular protozoa residing in mononuclear phagocytes.

243 trated DT104 hyperinvasion mediated by rumen protozoa (RPz) that are normal flora of cattle.

244 despread in anaerobic bacteria, archaea, and protozoa, serving as the terminal components to dioxygen

245 logies is limited and may not include common protozoa such as Dientamoeba fragilis, Entamoeba histoly

246 triphosphatases of fungi, microsporidia, and protozoa such as Plasmodium and Trypanosoma.

247 Apicomplexan protozoa such as Toxoplasma gondii invade host cells usi

248 Kinetoplastid protozoa such as trypanosomes and Leishmania are importa

249 es (such as noroviruses and rotaviruses) and protozoa (such as Cryptosporidium, Giardia, or Entamoeba

250 dative stress protection system of parasitic protozoa, such as trypanosoma and leishmania parasites.

251 overed in the nuclear DNA of some pathogenic protozoa, such as trypanosomes and Leishmania, where it

252 y modes resemble those of some single-celled protozoa, suggesting that underlying mechanisms may be s

253 Pathogens of different taxa, from prions to protozoa, target cellular cholesterol metabolism to adva

254 viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa that are complete or that contain at least one

255 The apicomplexa are parasitic protozoa that are responsible for important human and an

256 steine proteases found in plants, fungi, and protozoa that are structurally related to metazoan caspa

257 city in the case of Tetrahymena thermophila, protozoa that are utilized during activated sludge treat

258 gut, where it is believed to cooperate with protozoa that break down cellulose and produce H(2) as a

259 adaptation of social behaviors by parasitic protozoa that cause African sleeping sickness and malari

260 Apicomplexa are parasitic protozoa that cause important human diseases including m

261 Leishmania mexicana are parasitic protozoa that express a variety of glycoconjugates that

262 clude that dietary monensin inhibits ciliate protozoa that feed on EcO157.

263 fore represents a drug target for a group of protozoa that includes the causative agents for African

264 Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa that infect normal hosts also infect the gastro

265 Protozoa that infect the gastrointestinal tract include

266 id proteases are also conserved in unrelated protozoa that maintain an extracellular existence.

267 biomagnified in the Tetrahymena thermophila protozoa that prey on the bacteria.

268 ral hosts for L. pneumophila are free-living protozoa that reside in freshwater environments, the mec

269 Trypanosomatids are pathogenic protozoa that undergo a unique form of post-transcriptio

270 Among trypanosomatid protozoa the mechanism of RNA interference (RNAi) has be

271 nonmuscle myosin-2s from metazoa rather than protozoa, though modulatory aspects of myosin motor func

272 e disease caused by obligate intramacrophage protozoa, threatens 350 million people in 98 countries a

273 acids that are conserved in all actins, from protozoa to mammals, and were not found in >100 chromoso

274 ARMIL is a multidomain protein, present from protozoa to mammals, that binds CP and is important for

275 of protein expression highly conserved from protozoa to mammals.

276 iety of therapeutic drugs in eukaryotes from protozoa to mammals.

277 for the particular sensitivity of fungi and protozoa to sinefungin is not known.

278 ese studies call attention in trypanosomatid protozoa to the key metabolic intermediate 5,10-CH(2)-TH

279 s (which do not contain cellulose-fermenting protozoa) to show the presence of a large, diverse set o

280 a promising drug target within the parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma brucei (T. brucei), the causative a

281 The parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma brucei utilizes a novel cofactor (t

282 asis (HAT), which is caused by the parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma brucei.

283 s also inhibited the growth of the parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania do

284 a genus of unicellular parasitic flagellate protozoa.Trypanosoma bruceispecies and Trypanosoma cruzi

285 Free-living amoebae are protozoa ubiquitously found in water systems.

286 teobacteria expressing FDH were localized to protozoa via hybridization chain reaction-FISH, an appro

287 Infection with bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and fungi has the capacity to interfe

288 Although their synthesis in protozoa was discovered more than 50 y ago, the extent a

289 y cholesterol but also ergosterol present in protozoa was palmitoylated by PlaC.

290 other soft metals in predatory mechanisms of protozoa, we examined survival of bacteria mutated in di

291 All protozoa were identified by 18S rRNA gene sequencing.

292 overed from tissues of infected animals when protozoa were lysed by preinfection chemical defaunation

293 The enteric protozoa were unexpectedly important causes of diarrhea

294 st, bikonts (plants, chromists and all other protozoa) were ancestrally biciliate with a younger ante

295 a suggest that microaerophilic and parasitic protozoa, which lack oxidative phosphorylation, neverthe

296 s for the detection of pathogenic intestinal protozoa, while highlighting recent developments and FDA

297 Trypanosomatids are parasitic protozoa with a significant burden on human health.

298 mans, is caused by related intraerythrocytic protozoa with a similar pathogenesis and clinical course

299 e parasitic trypanosomatids, early branching protozoa with no previously reported transcriptional sil

300 otozoa, especially zooflagellates-flagellate protozoa without plastids.