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1 PspA did not have to be attached to the bacterial surfac
2 PspA is a bifunctional protein that is directly involved
3 PspA is divided into two major families based on serolog
4 PspA is known to elicit protection against pneumococcal
5 PspA represents a major virulence factor and a promising
6 PspA therefore represses its own expression.
7 PspA was found to be specifically required for virulence
8 PspA was found to facilitate Mn(2+) transport by MntH an
9 PspA's C terminus has a choline-binding domain that anch
10 PspA, -B and -C regulate the bacterial phage shock prote
11 PspA, the most abundant of the Psp proteins, is required
12 PspA- and influenza virus-specific antibodies were detec
15 hese results indicate an RASV synthesizing a PspA fusion protein representing both PspA families cons
16 t pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) to a PspA-specific T hybridoma more efficiently than macropha
17 r CR4 (CR4(-/-)) were challenged with WU2, a PspA(+) capsular serotype 3 pneumococcus, and its PspA(-
18 of PPS14 and pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) (PPS14-PspA) in saline was markedly defective.
19 as a fusion protein with surface protein A (PspA) (strains 603OVA(1) and Rx1Delta lytAOVA(1)) or wit
20 ted proteins pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and pneumococcal choline-binding protein C (PspC).
21 x domains of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC), to the
25 al region of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) from S. pneumoniae strain A66.1 were cloned and ex
28 detection of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) peptide and SP lysate from synthetic and actual hu
29 recombinant pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) to a PspA-specific T hybridoma more efficiently th
31 synthesizing pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) were also confirmed to possess nearly complete lip
32 ch PPS14 and pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) were stably attached to 1 mum (bacteria-sized) lat
33 juvant for a pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) would enhance PspA-specific secretory-IgA Ab respo
34 that regard, pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), a major surface protein of pneumococci, is a prom
36 pneumolysin, pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), and pneumococcal surface antigen A (PsaA) were me
37 D and PhtE), pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), plasminogen and fibronectin binding protein B (Pf
38 d immunogens pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), putative proteinase maturation protein A (PpmA),
39 (PsaA), and pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA)-are currently being investigated as vaccine candid
40 induced by a pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA)-based nasal vaccine are necessary for prevention o
41 higher than pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA)-specific, genetic toxoid derivative of pneumolysin
47 e for either pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA-), neuraminidase A (NanA-), or hyaluronidase (Hyl-)
50 us has a choline-binding domain that anchors PspA to the phosphocholine (PC) moieties on the pneumoco
53 e presence of genes encoding PsaA, PpmA, and PspA in 11 clinical isolates was examined by PCR, and th
54 spA-specific CD4(+) T cell proliferative and PspA-induced Th1- and Th2- type cytokine responses were
57 ether, these findings suggest that PsaA- and PspA-specific mucosal responses as well as systemic humo
60 0 were highly defective in eliciting an anti-PspA response, although the anti-polysaccharide response
63 enuation elicited significantly greater anti-PspA immune responses, including serum IgG and T cell se
64 in chi9241 induced significantly higher anti-PspA IgG and IgA antibody titers than strain chi9555, wh
65 lsed macrophages elicited an IgM or IgG anti-PspA and anti-polysaccharide response comparable in seru
68 strains, mice produced robust levels of anti-PspA Abs and showed significantly improved survival agai
69 htly higher titers of mucosal and serum anti-PspA antibodies than P(pagC)-immunized mice, while titer
70 e strain delivering the pneumococcal antigen PspA, all of the mutations tested resulted in reduced im
72 eric states permit formation of the apparent PspA-PspF dodecameric assembly, we conclude that PspA an
73 th 1 x 10(9) CFU of chi9760 (carrying Asd(+)-PspA and DadB(+)-PspC plasmids) elicited a dominant Th1-
76 idence for an interaction in E. coli between PspA and PspF in vivo, which strongly suggests that PspA
80 zing a PspA fusion protein representing both PspA families constitutes an effective antipneumococcal
81 y regulated by PspF, negatively regulated by PspA, and induced in response to the production of secre
82 verse pneumococcal surface proteins A and C (PspA and PspC) and zinc metalloprotease A and B (ZmpA an
84 stead of uniformly covering the entire cell, PspA (and PspG) is highly organized into what appear to
86 PspF binding-induced conformational changes, PspA may then share structural similarities with a bEBP
89 of the cell, whereas under stress conditions PspA, PspD, and PspG deliver their effector functions at
90 enterobacteria, under non-stress conditions, PspA as a low-order assembly directly inhibits its cogna
98 hat there was enhanced clearance of Deltaply PspA(-) PspC(-) pneumococci compared to the clearance of
101 of BALB/c mice with RASV synthesizing either PspA fusion protein elicited serum immunoglobulin G (IgG
103 occal surface protein A (PspA) would enhance PspA-specific secretory-IgA Ab responses, which could pr
109 evels of serum immunoglobulin G specific for PspA and for outer membrane proteins from other enteric
110 high levels of serum antibodies specific for PspA as well as to Salmonella antigens in orally immuniz
114 duce adaptive immunity against heterologous (PspA of Streptococcus pneumoniae) and homologous antigen
115 hFcgammaRI Tg mice receiving anti-hFcgammaRI-PspA exhibited elevated S. pneumoniae-specific IgA, IgG2
116 argeted to hFcgammaRI as the anti-hFcgammaRI-PspA fusion, enhanced protection against lethal S. pneum
119 nsfusion responded with significantly higher PspA-specific antibody titers after immunization with Ps
120 These data provide new insight into how PspA and PspC act in synergy to protect pneumococci from
124 -terminal amphipathic helices ahA and ahB in PspA HD1 are functional determinants involved in negativ
125 system normally leads to a large increase in PspA concentration and we found that this provided a sec
126 ses against vesicle components that included PspA and Salmonella-derived lipopolysaccharide and outer
127 onse, Psp protein levels increase, including PspA, which has been implicated as the master effector o
130 chemical evidence showing that an inhibitory PspA-PspF regulatory complex, which has significantly re
134 O/PspA virus, and mice inoculated with HA-KO/PspA virus were completely protected from lethal challen
136 from mice intranasally inoculated with HA-KO/PspA virus, and mice inoculated with HA-KO/PspA virus we
138 Real-time observations revealed lateral PspA and PspG complexes are highly mobile, but absent in
143 with a pneumococcal eluate containing native PspA, there was decreased deposition of CRP and C3 on th
144 mouse sera, we demonstrated that absence of PspA allows greater deposition of C1q and thus increased
145 ent C3 deposition realized in the absence of PspA alone and in the absence of PspA and PspC resulted
146 absence of PspA alone and in the absence of PspA and PspC resulted in both greatly increased IA to h
147 (-) strains, we observed that the absence of PspA led to exposure of PC, enhanced the surface binding
156 complex of the lactoferrin-binding domain of PspA with the N-lobe of human lactoferrin reveals direct
158 putative N-terminal alpha-helical domains of PspA is crucial for the role of PspA as a negative regul
165 st pneumococci and to decipher the impact of PspA on CR-dependent host defense, wild-type C57BL/6J mi
167 olish export result in a marked induction of PspA protein synthesis, consistent with its proposed rol
170 pA plus pFL had significantly high levels of PspA-specific IgG Abs, high numbers of CFUs were detecte
171 juvant showed significantly higher levels of PspA-specific S-IgA and IgG Ab responses in both plasma
172 pFL and CpG ODN elicited elevated levels of PspA-specific secretory-IgA Ab responses in external sec
173 visualized the subcellular localizations of PspA (a negative regulator and effector of Psp) and PspG
174 sensitive linear region from 0 to 8 ng/mL of PspA peptide and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.218
175 stinct spatial and temporal organisations of PspA corresponding to its negative control and effector
184 omologue, VIPP1, indicating that the role of PspA in Tat export may be phylogenetically conserved.
188 ns between the negatively charged surface of PspA helices and the highly cationic lactoferricin moiet
189 murium displaying the variable N terminus of PspA (alpha1alpha2) for intranasal vaccination, which in
190 ever, studies on VIPP1 itself, as well as on PspA, its bacterial homolog, suggests that this protein
192 ed with the Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 PspA homologue, VIPP1, indicating that the role of PspA
193 ion between integral (PspBC) and peripheral (PspA) cytoplasmic membrane proteins and a soluble transc
198 e to beads coated simultaneously with PPS14+[PspA] peaked rapidly, with the secondary response highly
199 Beads coated simultaneously with PPS14+[PspA], similar to conjugate, induced in mice boosted PPS
202 ntrast, immunization of aged mice with PPS14-PspA combined with an unmethylated CpG-containing oligod
204 nserved membrane-associated effector protein PspA has four alpha-helical domains (HD1-HD4) and helps
205 zed a derivative of the pneumococcal protein PspA engineered to be secreted into the periplasmic spac
210 tide peptidase (SppA), phage shock proteins (PspA and YvlC, a PspC homologue) and tellurite resistanc
212 We establish that a stable repressive PspF-PspA complex is located in the nucleoid, transiently com
215 hibition was not observed when a recombinant PspA fragment, which lacks the choline-binding region of
217 (i.d.) immunization of mice with recombinant PspA in combination with LT-IIb(T13I), a novel i.d. adju
219 tion to its transcriptional inhibitory role, PspA assists maintenance of the proton motive force and
220 lical domain of Streptococcus pneumoniae Rx1 PspA was cloned into pYA3681, resulting in pYA3685 to te
223 ions yielded the largest amounts of secreted PspA and PspC, respectively, and induced the highest ser
224 composed of around six PspF subunits and six PspA subunits, suggesting that PspA exists in at least t
226 nstitute a regulatory switch that moves some PspA to the membrane when an inducing trigger is encount
227 ort of volunteers we assessed 6BPS-specific, PspA-specific, and PspC-specific IgG and IgA plasma and
229 a from mice immunized with RASV synthesizing PspA/Rx1-EF5668 bound to the surface and directed C3 com
230 enterotoxin family, elicited strong systemic PspA-specific IgG responses without inducing mucosal ant
233 ion after influenza virus infection and that PspA immunization mitigates early secondary pneumococcal
234 nity against pneumococcal infection and that PspA interferes with the protective role of the alternat
235 -PspF dodecameric assembly, we conclude that PspA and PspF demonstrate a strong propensity to self-as
237 We used flow cytometry to demonstrate that PspA was readily detectable on the surface of the pneumo
238 s is independent of PspBC, establishing that PspA and PspF can function as a minimal Psp system respo
239 Here, we present biochemical evidence that PspA engages across the side of a PspF hexameric ring.
240 lowed us to obtain unequivocal evidence that PspA is not required for secretin-stress tolerance.
242 ral lines of in vitro evidence indicate that PspA-PspF interactions inhibit the ATPase activity of Ps
243 st direct evidence supporting the model that PspA switches binding partners from PspF to PspBC upon i
244 of four different strains, we observed that PspA offers significant protection against killing by AL
248 - and GFP-tagged proteins also revealed that PspA colocalizes with PspB and PspC into large stationar
250 f Firmicutes and Actinobacteria reveals that PspA orthologs associate with non-orthologous regulatory
254 units and six PspA subunits, suggesting that PspA exists in at least two different oligomeric assembl
255 e confounding and disputable suggestion that PspA is not involved in mitigating secretin toxicity.
256 d PspF in vivo, which strongly suggests that PspA-directed inhibition of PspF occurs via an inhibitor
259 ble to specifically recognize and detect the PspA peptide mixed with other physiologically relevant c
260 tivator protein PspF was not involved in the PspA-TatA interaction, demonstrating that basal levels o
261 ng important surface proteins, including the PspA virulence factor, two proteins (Spr0096 and Spr1875
262 without prior influenza virus infection, the PspA- mutant exhibited attenuation both in mice with and
263 ermined that the high-level induction of the PspA stress protein under YidC depletion conditions is r
264 virus-infected mice, for which growth of the PspA- mutant was 1800-fold lower than that of the parent
265 here was much greater C3 deposition onto the PspA(-) pneumococcus when exposed to normal mouse serum
272 te PspF inhibition to occur, more than three PspA subunits need to bind a PspF hexamer with at least
273 indings suggested that the binding of ALF to PspA probably blocks the active site(s) of ALF that is r
274 passively or actively acquired antibodies to PspA or type 3 PS were equivalently protected from homol
278 rations of IgG and IgA antibody responses to PspA and PdB (a recombinant toxoid derivative of pneumol
280 etained the same IgG titer level in serum to PspA, a test antigen from Streptococcus pneumoniae, and
281 ys excellent electrochemical activity toward PspA with a sensitive linear region from 0 to 8 ng/mL of
282 EF5668 (family 2) were combined to form two PspA fusion proteins, PspA/Rx1-EF5668 and PspA/EF5668-Rx
285 e levels of 6BPS IgG in serum or nasal wash, PspA-specific, or PspC-specific memory B cells or plasma
286 WT mice in the absence of adjuvant, but when PspA was targeted to hFcgammaRI as the anti-hFcgammaRI-P
287 tion mutants further supported a model where PspA is predominantly membrane associated only when the
298 H protease and an interaction interface with PspA, both of which would be compatible with its newly p
299 s 603OVA(1) and Rx1Delta lytAOVA(1)) or with PspA, neuraminidase A, and pneumolysin (Rx1Delta lytAOVA
300 this study, we characterize sequences within PspA and PspF crucial for the negative effect of PspA up
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