ライフサイエンスコーパス: Pu

1 Pu concentrations in wetland surface sediments collected

2 Pu isotopic signatures confirmed multiple sources of Pu

3 Pu(IV) and Pu(V) sorption to goethite was investigated o

4 illite in 0.1 M NaCl at pH between 3 and 10, Pu uptake was characterized by log Rd > 4 (Rd: distribut

5 When contacting Pu (85% Pu(IV), 11% Pu(V), and 4% Pu(III); 8 x 10(-11) < [Pu]tot/M < 10(-8))

6 tio, the emission signals of (234)U and (238)Pu were quantified at lambda = 424.408 nm and lambda = 4

7 sion lines of both nuclides, (234)U and (238)Pu were selectively and directly determined in the disso

8 organic matter (NOM), 10(-9)-10(-10) M (238)Pu, and 0.1 g.L(-1) goethite concentrations, at pH 3, 5,

9 sed on the fact that the alpha decay of (238)Pu present in the investigated samples produced (234)U a

10 (137)Cs, 1.5 TBq of (90)Sr, 7.8 GBq of (238)Pu, 6.3 GBq of (239)Pu, 9.4 GBq of (240)Pu and 29.7 GBq

11 ally different than fallout due to past (238)Pu production on the site.

12 o achieve reliable results only for the (238)Pu/(234)U, (239)Pu/(235)U, and (240)Pu/(236)U chronomete

13 However, the (238)Pu/(239+240)Pu activity ratios attributed to SRS are sub

14 adds to the quality assurance of (234)U/(238)Pu age dates.

15 metry (SF-ICPMS) analysis of the (234)U/(238)Pu amount ratio of all samples applying isotope dilution

16 For the assessment of the (234)U/(238)Pu amount ratio, the emission signals of (234)U and (238

17 ubsequently calculated using the (234)U/(238)Pu chronometer.

18 Advantages of the continuous (239)Pu measurement method are (1) reduced sample preparation

19 Total ion counts ((239)Pu + (242)Pu) and isotope ratios obtained from fiber-loa

20 ion of (129)I, (236)U, and Pu isotopes ((239)Pu and (240)Pu) in seawater sampled during four differen

21 n levels would allow the measurement of (239)Pu at the 10 ppb level in the presence of U and the equi

22 tinuous semiquantitative measurement of (239)Pu in ice cores, which was used to develop annual record

23 (90)Sr, 7.8 GBq of (238)Pu, 6.3 GBq of (239)Pu, 9.4 GBq of (240)Pu and 29.7 GBq of (241)Am were rele

24 idate the origin of the highest (240)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratio of 0.293 +/- 0.028 we found close to FDNPP

25 apons-grade material, while the (242)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios are higher than fallout values, again due

26 The (240)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios are reasonably consistent from year to ye

27 In all years, the (244)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios were significantly higher than global fal

28 f sensor for measurement of the (240)Pu/(239)Pu mass ratio from aqueous solution samples with advanta

29 We measured the (240)Pu/(239)Pu mass ratio of two samples and confirmed the results b

30 The ratio of (240)Pu/(239)Pu was appreciably lower for sediment samples compared t

31 Isotope ratios such as (240)Pu/(239)Pu will allow for the identification of Fukushima pluton

32 one year averaged results to published (239)Pu records and other records of NWT.

33 The (239)Pu measurements in the Antarctic ice cores tracked low l

34 The (239)Pu profiles from the Arctic ice cores reflected global t

35 m; and (4) the long half-life means the (239)Pu record is stable through time.

36 The (239)Pu was measured directly using an inductively coupled pl

37 le results only for the (238)Pu/(234)U, (239)Pu/(235)U, and (240)Pu/(236)U chronometers, the optimiza

38 However, the (238)Pu/(239+240)Pu activity ratios attributed to SRS are substantially d

39 I, (236)U, and Pu isotopes ((239)Pu and (240)Pu) in seawater sampled during four different cruises pe

40 the (238)Pu/(234)U, (239)Pu/(235)U, and (240)Pu/(236)U chronometers, the optimization of the procedur

41 Isotope ratios such as (240)Pu/(239)Pu will allow for the identification of Fukushim

42 to elucidate the origin of the highest (240)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratio of 0.293 +/- 0.028 we found close

43 (238)Pu, 6.3 GBq of (239)Pu, 9.4 GBq of (240)Pu and 29.7 GBq of (241)Am were released from both fire

44 The ratio of (240)Pu/(239)Pu was appreciably lower for sediment samples co

45 The (240)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios are reasonably consistent from ye

46 tegory of sensor for measurement of the (240)Pu/(239)Pu mass ratio from aqueous solution samples with

47 We measured the (240)Pu/(239)Pu mass ratio of two samples and confirmed the r

48 certainty of 50% was found for (237)Np, (242)Pu, and (243)Am concentrations determined with the two a

49 ironmental behavior of (233)U, (237)Np, (242)Pu, and (243)Am was investigated in a water conductive s

50 Total ion counts ((239)Pu + (242)Pu) and isotope ratios obtained from fiber-loaded filame

51 ure additionally allowed the use of the (242)Pu/(238)U isotope amount ratio as a highly sensitive ind

52 re of weapons-grade material, while the (242)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios are higher than fallout values, a

53 most probably representing (241)Am and (244)Pu employed in a previous tracer test demonstrated the a

54 ong-term investigation of anthropogenic (244)Pu occurrence in the environment.

55 plutonium isotopic compositions, e.g., (244)Pu, that reflect the unique legacy of plutonium producti

56 Significant (244)Pu was measured in all of the years sampled with the hig

57 The (244)Pu content, in femtograms (fg = 10(-15) g) per gram, ran

58 In all years, the (244)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios were significantly higher than gl

59 C, and TTT, and the consensus sequence is 3'-Pu(Py)2-3 Based on our studies, we propose that Rpo41-Mt

60 contacting Pu (85% Pu(IV), 11% Pu(V), and 4% Pu(III); 8 x 10(-11) < [Pu]tot/M < 10(-8)) with illite i

61 For pH < 5, Pu(IV) and Pu(III) coexisted in solution under our exper

62 When contacting Pu (85% Pu(IV), 11% Pu(V), and 4% Pu(III); 8 x 10(-11) < [Pu]tot

63 At pH 9, Pu sorption in the presence of all NOM increased relativ

64 ption spectra and the crystal structure of a Pu(IV) complex with the reagent.

65 g the first structural characterization of a Pu-C bond.

66 I), and large proportions of both actinides (Pu, 97.7%; Am, 86.8%) were associated with mobile colloi

67 eek due to the reduction of weakly adsorbing Pu(V).

68 ncentrations greatly exceed those of ambient Pu, and HS may play an especially important role in Pu i

69 linate complexes, [Pu(III)(DPA)(H2O)4]Br and Pu(IV)(DPA)2(H2O)3.3H2O, as well as by a second mixed-va

70 In contrast DBP, U-DBP, and Pu-DBP complexes were observed in both positive and nega

71 ound are benchmarked by the pure Pu(III) and Pu(IV) dipicolinate complexes, [Pu(III)(DPA)(H2O)4]Br an

72 For pH < 5, Pu(IV) and Pu(III) coexisted in solution under our experimental con

73 In 10(-6) M Pu(IV) and Pu(V) samples, HRTEM analysis showed the formation of a

74 Equivalent Pu(IV) and Pu(V) sorption Kd values obtained at 1 and 2-week sampli

75 Pu(IV) and Pu(V) sorption to goethite was investigated over a conce

76 ain detection limits of 10(-12) M for Np and Pu.

77 (236)U, (237)Np, and Pu isotopes and (243)Am were determined in ground- and s

78 a correlation between the number of Pu-O and Pu-Pu contacts and the atomic surface-to-volume ratio of

79 comparative study of nanostructured PuO2 and Pu colloids produced by sonochemical and hydrolytic meth

80 e extended for the determination of U,Th and Pu in other nuclear fuel materials (e.g., nitrides, carb

81 The speciation of U and Pu in soil and concrete from Rocky Flats and in particle

82 chemical speciation and reactivity of U and Pu in their initial formation and after environmental ex

83 ear evidence of Fukushima-derived (236)U and Pu isotopes has been found in this study, although furth

84 ere used to evaluate the speciation of U and Pu with TBP and DBP.

85 ned with chromatographic separation of U and Pu.

86 he temporal evolution of (129)I, (236)U, and Pu isotopes ((239)Pu and (240)Pu) in seawater sampled du

87 Small amounts of aqueous Pu(V) were detected in solution on contact with illite a

88 The aqueous Pu was found to be stable as predominately Pu(V) for gre

89 dissolved Pu and Am species were found to be Pu(IV) and Am(III), and large proportions of both actini

90 At initial concentrations >10(-8) M, both Pu oxidation states exhibited deviations from linear sor

91 il source, due to the formation of COM-bound Pu.

92 observed for the particulate-fraction-bound Pu for these two types of HAs.

93 d X-ray fluorescence analysis on a collected Pu particle indicate that the Pu in the particle origina

94 tructure (EXAFS) suggests that the collected Pu particle forms a "core-shell" structure with the Pu(I

95 Pu(III) and Pu(IV) dipicolinate complexes, [Pu(III)(DPA)(H2O)4]Br and Pu(IV)(DPA)2(H2O)3.3H2O, as we

96 s well as by a second mixed-valent compound, Pu(III)[Pu(IV)(DPA)3H0.5]2, that falls into class I inst

97 aration of relatively pure low concentration Pu(V) solutions for environmental studies is nontrivial

98 When contacting Pu (85% Pu(IV), 11% Pu(V), and 4% Pu(III); 8 x 10(-11) <

99 te Pu immobilization by NOM, COM can convert Pu into a more mobile form.

100 tonium, namely Pu(2+) in [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][Pu(II)Cp''3], Cp'' = C5H3(SiMe3)2.

101 ite ternary batch systems, NOM will decrease Pu sorption to goethite at all but particularly low pH c

102 oupled with strong Pu complexation decreased Pu sorption at pH 5 and 7, relative to a ligand-free sys

103 ature dependence of the bulk moduli in delta-Pu.

104 ere compared to those measured by depositing Pu amended resin beads on the filament.

105 The fraction of desorbed Pu decreased in the presence of FA, indicating that orga

106 This demonstrates that despite Pu immobilization by NOM, COM can convert Pu into a more

107 The average number of detected Pu+ counts was 180% greater, and there was a 72% reducti

108 s in NWT and were in agreement with discrete Pu profiles from lower latitude ice cores.

109 he predominant oxidation states of dissolved Pu and Am species were found to be Pu(IV) and Am(III), a

110 and indirect estimates of origin efficiency, Pu-seq directly ascertains origin efficiency.

111 ce of NOM in the F-Area soil did not enhance Pu fixation to the organic-rich soil when compared to th

112 DGT measurements of environmental Pu in organic-rich natural water confirm these findings.

113 tice-dynamics and elasticity data on epsilon-Pu.

114 Equivalent Pu(IV) and Pu(V) sorption Kd values obtained at 1 and 2-

115 complexes could enhance colloid-facilitated Pu transport.

116 t and mobility of Th(IV), as an analogue for Pu(IV) and other tetravalent actinides [An(IV)], in satu

117 gue to Pu(III)), (ii) the known constant for Pu(III)-Pu(IV) redox transition, and (iii) measured Eh a

118 elop the most accurate predictive models for Pu and U in the environment.

119 epitaxial distortion previously observed for Pu(IV) sorption occurs with Pu(V) as well.

120 The reduction from Pu(VI) to Pu(V) could be accelerated by raising the pH o

121 Chemical and isotopic (e.g., Pu) information on the device is declassified and, there

122 ic basis, the foams had a similar or greater Pu capacity than the resin with fewer ion-exchange sites

123 resent study further characterizes this high Pu affinity subfraction using electrospray ionization Fo

124 a sulfonic acid group in terms of (i) higher Pu(IV) sorption efficiency at 3-4 mol L(-1) HNO3, (ii) s

125 tic methods, has been conducted using HRTEM, Pu LIII-edge XAS, and O K-edge NEXAFS/STXM.

126 lytic Pu colloid is influenced by hydrolysed Pu(IV) species to a greater extent than in sonochemical

127 FS indicated that oxygen state in hydrolytic Pu colloid is influenced by hydrolysed Pu(IV) species to

128 asi-stoichiometric PuO2 cores and hydrolyzed Pu(IV) moieties at the surface shell.

129 u(III)), (ii) the known constant for Pu(III)-Pu(IV) redox transition, and (iii) measured Eh and pH, o

130 of 5f electrons in the mixed-valent Pu(III)/Pu(IV) solid-state compound, Pu3(DPA)5(H2O)2 (DPA = 2,6-

131 s by a second mixed-valent compound, Pu(III)[Pu(IV)(DPA)3H0.5]2, that falls into class I instead.

132 Most importantly, Pu uptake by organic-rich soil decreased with increasing

133 HS may play an especially important role in Pu immobilization/remobilization in wetland sediments.

134 tion calculations to interpret variations in Pu sorption rates in the presence of FA.

135 Conversely, CA, FA, and HA increased Pu sorption to goethite at pH 3, suggesting ternary comp

136 ediments or minerals, which showed increased Pu uptake with increasing pH levels.

137 ate within 1 week, regardless of the initial Pu oxidation state.

138 Experiments with initial Pu concentrations of 10(-15) - 10(-8) M produced linear

139 S and HRTEM analysis of samples with initial Pu concentrations of 10(-8) - 10(-6) M indicated that Pu

140 In this study, we investigated Pu sorption onto Na-illite, a relevant component of pote

141 hromatin immunoprecipitation with the -14-kb Pu.1 or +37-kb Cebpa enhancers after stable expression i

142 tions from linear sorption behavior and less Pu was adsorbed than at lower concentrations.

143 tin immunoprecipitation analyses, high level Pu.1 binding to the Mcsfr promoter was not decreased by

144 ations of 10(-15) - 10(-8) M produced linear Pu sorption isotherms, demonstrating that Pu sorption to

145 soil fractions which had successively lower Pu concentrations.

146 ), 11% Pu(V), and 4% Pu(III); 8 x 10(-11) < [Pu]tot/M < 10(-8)) with illite in 0.1 M NaCl at pH betwe

147 In 10(-6) M Pu(IV) and Pu(V) samples, HRTEM analysis showed the form

148 ntrations higher than approximately 10(-6) M Pu(V) and is attributed to the formation of PuO(2+x).nH2

149 ehold-use was used to oxidize a 2 x 10(-8) M Pu(IV) solution to predominantly Pu(VI) with some Pu(V)

150 the production age of various Pu materials (Pu powder, cardiac pacemaker battery, (242)Cm heat sourc

151 e highly soluble Pu(V,VI) to the less mobile Pu(IV) within the argillaceous rock material, while bulk

152 enged the majority of the potentially mobile Pu were further separated from the bulk mobile organic m

153 nt candidate materials for scavenging mobile Pu from an aqueous phase.

154 ld not have come from soils; and mononuclear Pu-O species and novel PuO2+x-type compounds incorporati

155 (i.e., metals being removed) scavenged more Pu(IV,V) into its colloidal fraction than the original H

156 formal oxidation state for plutonium, namely Pu(2+) in [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][Pu(II)Cp''3], Cp'' = C5H3(

157 t the same structure as M(IO3)4 (M = Ce, Np, Pu), but instead parallels the structural chemistry of t

158 valence-pure [An(VI)O2Cl4](2-) (An = U, Np, Pu) tectons is the norm.

159 pounds containing [AnO2Cl4](2-) (An = U, Np, Pu), via hydrogen and halogen bonds donated by substitut

160 reducing An(III) center in AnCp3 (An=U, Np, Pu; Cp=C5 H5 ) to oxo-bind and reduce the uranyl(VI) dic

161 form infrared spectroscopy in the absence of Pu.

162 e analytical results show that the amount of Pu and non-natural U certainly increased in the environm

163 oncentrated eluate relative to the amount of Pu loaded onto the foam columns.

164 The presence of readily detected amounts of Pu and Am in the trench waters provides a unique opportu

165 pH systems, resulting in greater amounts of Pu associated with the COM fraction.

166 found to be highly reproducible for assay of Pu(IV) in a variety of complex samples.

167 The geochemical behavior of Pu strongly depends on its redox speciation.

168 Characterization of Pu colloids revealed a correlation between the number of

169 ensive physical/chemical characterization of Pu contaminants for reliable environmental- and radiotox

170 rivial due to the complex redox chemistry of Pu.

171 ined the effective diffusion coefficients of Pu(V) in polyacrylamide (PAM) gel in the presence of hum

172 dose of Pu were calculated using the data of Pu: (130 +/- 21) nBq/m(3), obtained in this study.

173 first evidence of H2O2-driven desorption of Pu(IV) from mineral surfaces.

174 eloped for the simultaneous determination of Pu, Np, Th, U, Am, Cm, Pm, Y, and Sr isotopes, as well a

175 However, the rate of dissociation of Pu-NOM complexes in natural freshwaters is currently unk

176 Effective dose of Pu were calculated using the data of Pu: (130 +/- 21) nB

177 e that FA can change the rates and extent of Pu sorption onto goethite at pH 4.

178 oparticles and the Nernstian favorability of Pu(IV) surface complexes.

179 a very concentrated and low-soluble form of Pu, which will serve as ongoing radioactive sources far

180 the reactivity of the more oxidized forms of Pu(V,VI) within Opalinus Clay (OPA) rock, a heterogeneou

181 , at circumneutral pH, a sizable fraction of Pu was lost from solution by either precipitation or sor

182 le assessment of the environmental impact of Pu contaminants and their implications for human health

183 llowing written as n(isotope)/n(isotope), of Pu and U.

184 Differences in the kinetics of Pu sorption were observed as a function of the concentra

185 w insights into the dissociation kinetics of Pu-NOM complexes.

186 Knowledge of Pu adsorption and desorption behavior on mineral surface

187 However, measurements of Pu isotopic atom and activity ratios are required to dif

188 of ultrasound contribute to the mechanism of Pu colloid formation.

189 n kinetics demonstrate that the mechanism of Pu(V) reduction changes as a function of plutonium conce

190 revealed a correlation between the number of Pu-O and Pu-Pu contacts and the atomic surface-to-volume

191 aining at the site exists as particulates of Pu(IV) oxyhydroxide compounds, a very concentrated and l

192 -1) HNO3, (ii) selective preconcentration of Pu(IV) in the presence of a trivalent actinide such as A

193 ition has been applied for quantification of Pu in a soil sample.

194 ncentration and subsequent quantification of Pu(IV) by alpha spectrometry using the absolute efficien

195 difficult to apply to the quantification of Pu(IV) unless the nitric acid concentration is known and

196 at allows for the accurate quantification of Pu(IV) without a priori knowledge of nitric acid concent

197 hemical water splitting enables reduction of Pu(IV) to more soluble Pu(III), which then re-oxidizes y

198 ethite surface, confirming that reduction of Pu(V) had occurred on the mineral surface and that epita

199 rvation suggests time-dependent reduction of Pu(V) to Pu(IV).

200 Reduction of Pu(V) was found to be the rate-limiting step at concentr

201 we monitored the time-dependent reduction of Pu(VI) by Fe(II).

202 s M2 polarization, in part via regulation of Pu.1/Spi1 and Stat6.

203 exchange functionality for the separation of Pu.

204 ions, indicating an inner-sphere sorption of Pu on OPA components.

205 Am(III), and (iii) preferential sorption of Pu(IV) in the presence of a large excess of U(VI).

206 in rivers representing a potential source of Pu to the ocean.

207 pic signatures confirmed multiple sources of Pu contamination.

208 was used to measure the redox speciation of Pu (III, IV, V, VI), Np (IV, V, VI), and Fe (II, III) at

209 ial distribution and molecular speciation of Pu within OPA after diffusion and sorption processes.

210 The various oxidation state species of Pu and Np in different samples were separated by applica

211 trations of H2O2 can affect the stability of Pu adsorbed to goethite, montmorillonite, and quartz acr

212 le separation method for the redox states of Pu, Np, and Fe.

213 IEF colloid) and coincided with the trend of Pu concentration; thus, we propose that these nitrogen a

214 paring the time series of analytical data on Pu and U obtained in this study with previously reported

215 this study with previously reported data on Pu, U, and radioactive Cs, we concluded that Pu and non-

216 We investigated the effects of FA on Pu(IV) sorption/desorption onto goethite in two scenario

217 293T cells and allows induction of Cebpa or Pu.1 mRNAs in 32Dcl3 myeloid cells, whereas mutation of

218 but, in negative ion mode, no TBP, U-TBP, or Pu-TBP complexes were observed.

219 Analyzing mixtures of U or Pu with TBP and DBP yielded the formation of ternary com

220 signal with and without complexation to U or Pu, but, in negative ion mode, no TBP, U-TBP, or Pu-TBP

221 ical/chemical transformation of the original Pu materials dispersed in the semiarid environment at Ma

222 ition, and (iii) measured Eh and pH, overall Pu uptake was well-predicted.

223 Plutonium (Pu) and non-natural uranium (U) originating from the Fuk

224 Plutonium (Pu), americium (Am), and curium (Cm) activities were mea

225 en previously shown to accumulate plutonium (Pu) in a colloidal subfraction and is hypothesized to co

226 nuclear weapons debris including plutonium (Pu), the legacy of which is a long-lasting source of rad

227 waste containing small amounts of plutonium (Pu) and americium (Am) was disposed in shallow trenches

228 Assessing the bioavailability of plutonium (Pu) helps to predict its toxic effects on aquatic biota.

229 NWT) resulted in the injection of plutonium (Pu) into the atmosphere and subsequent global deposition

230 The rates and extent of plutonium (Pu) sorption and desorption onto mineral surfaces are im

231 acid (FA), and humic acid (HA) on plutonium (Pu) sorption to goethite was studied as a function of or

232 ides the long-lived radionuclides plutonium (Pu) and neptunium (Np), which are key elements in high l

233 sents the findings of a long-term plutonium (Pu) study at Savannah River Site (SRS) conducted between

234 The synthetic precursor Pu(III)Cp''3 is also reported, comprising the first stru

235 aces are important parameters for predicting Pu mobility in subsurface environments.

236 x 10(-8) M Pu(IV) solution to predominantly Pu(VI) with some Pu(V) present.

237 s Pu was found to be stable as predominately Pu(V) for greater than one month from pH 3-7; however, a

238 is method provides a fast means of preparing Pu(V) solutions for tracer concentration studies without

239 of this compound are benchmarked by the pure Pu(III) and Pu(IV) dipicolinate complexes, [Pu(III)(DPA)

240 ey role in the immobilization of the reduced Pu.

241 Second, Pu-27-mediated telomeric damage is due, at least in part

242 Sediment Pu concentrations were correlated to total organic carbo

243 Polymerase usage sequencing (Pu-seq) has been used to define, in unprecedented detail

244 omatic compounds may also impart significant Pu chelation character to the colloid.

245 on of 5-500 muM H2O2 resulted in significant Pu desorption.

246 The results indicate that in simple Pu-NOM-goethite ternary batch systems, NOM will decrease

247 Six Pu oxidation states have been unambiguously confirmed (0

248 documented a reduction of the highly soluble Pu(V,VI) to the less mobile Pu(IV) within the argillaceo

249 enables reduction of Pu(IV) to more soluble Pu(III), which then re-oxidizes yielding Pu(IV) colloid.

250 ) solution to predominantly Pu(VI) with some Pu(V) present.

251 In general, hydrolytic and sonochemical Pu colloids can be described as core-shell nanoparticles

252 ing that organic matter can stabilize sorbed Pu on goethite.

253 g rate and the high efficiency for stripping Pu(IV), through the complexation-reduction mechanism, is

254 Low sorption of ligands coupled with strong Pu complexation decreased Pu sorption at pH 5 and 7, rel

255 ot appear to facilitate formation of ternary Pu-DFOB-goethite complexes.

256 These results suggest that ternary Pu-FA-mineral complexes could enhance colloid-facilitate

257 how that Pu(V) is a more mobile species than Pu(IV).

258 Pu, U, and radioactive Cs, we concluded that Pu and non-natural U from the FDNPP were transported in

259 ar Pu sorption isotherms, demonstrating that Pu sorption to goethite is not concentration-dependent a

260 trations of 10(-8) - 10(-6) M indicated that Pu surface and/or bulk precipitation was likely responsi

261 d 2-week sampling time points indicated that Pu(V) is rapidly reduced to Pu(IV) on the goethite surfa

262 Results show that Pu complexes with NOM (mainly fulvic acid) are somewhat

263 These results show that Pu(V) is a more mobile species than Pu(IV).

264 er our experimental conditions, showing that Pu(IV) reduction to Pu(III) occurred in the illite suspe

265 Further, it suggested that Pu surface redox transformations are sufficiently rapid

266 The Pu(III) -U(VI) interaction is too weak to be observed in

267 The Pu-enriched fraction was extracted and purified through

268 The Pu-seq protocol can be completed in 12-14 d.

269 elements that may have occurred because the Pu was exposed to extreme chemical conditions such as ac

270 Over several days, the Pu(VI) in the solution reduced to Pu(V) without further

271 study, we identify the chemical form of the Pu remaining in the local soils at the Taranaki site, on

272 ted upland aquifer sediments; similarly, the Pu concentration solid/water ratios were orders of magni

273 on a collected Pu particle indicate that the Pu in the particle originated in the so-called "Minor tr

274 eveal direct spectroscopic evidence that the Pu legacy remaining at the site exists as particulates o

275 scopy and DFT calculations indicate that the Pu(2+) ion has predominantly a 5f(6) electron configurat

276 icle forms a "core-shell" structure with the Pu(IV) oxyhydroxide core surrounded by an external layer

277 nsensitive Eu(III) as a chemical analogue to Pu(III)), (ii) the known constant for Pu(III)-Pu(IV) red

278 conversion without substantial conversion to Pu(IV).

279 s indicated that Pu(V) is rapidly reduced to Pu(IV) on the goethite surface.

280 days, the Pu(VI) in the solution reduced to Pu(V) without further reducing to Pu(IV).

281 reduced to Pu(V) without further reducing to Pu(IV).

282 conditions, showing that Pu(IV) reduction to Pu(III) occurred in the illite suspension.

283 sic domain of TRF2 is partially sensitive to Pu-27 but exhibits no changes in expression of shelterin

284 nx1 deficiency produced a striking switch to Pu.1 interaction with the Dnmt1, Sin3A, Nurd, CoRest, an

285 and 7; speciation models attributed this to Pu(IV) hydrolysis competing with ligand complexation, in

286 uggests time-dependent reduction of Pu(V) to Pu(IV).

287 The reduction from Pu(VI) to Pu(V) could be accelerated by raising the pH of the solu

288 ranes have been found to be selective toward Pu(4+) ions at higher HNO3 concentration compared to Am(

289 ork for acidity-dependent selectivity toward Pu(IV).

290 nuclear fuel (SNF) constituents including U, Pu, dibutyl phosphate (DBP), and tributyl phosphate (TBP

291 An optimized method is described for U/Pu separation and subsequent measurement of the amount c

292 ylalkynylcarbinol units were generated using Pu's procedure for enantioselective addition of terminal

293 lization of 5f electrons in the mixed-valent Pu(III)/Pu(IV) solid-state compound, Pu3(DPA)5(H2O)2 (DP

294 In situ Kd values (Pu concentration ratio of sediment/groundwater) derived

295 termination of the production age of various Pu materials (Pu powder, cardiac pacemaker battery, (242

296 In batch experiments where Pu(IV) was adsorbed to goethite for 21 days at pH 4, 6,

297 e abundant in the purified subfraction where Pu had been observed than in the crude soil fractions wh

298 n in myeloid leukemia, did not interact with Pu.1.

299 sly observed for Pu(IV) sorption occurs with Pu(V) as well.

300 ble Pu(III), which then re-oxidizes yielding Pu(IV) colloid.