ライフサイエンスコーパス: RALDH

1 RALDH 1 immunoreactivity was localized to sustentacular

2 RALDH 1, 2, and 3 mRNAs were detected in postnatal rat o

3 RALDH 2 did not colocalize with RALDH 1, but appeared to

4 RALDH activity was up-regulated in all 3 populations of

5 RALDH mutant mice also have reduced contractility in the

6 RALDH-2 and CYP26, two key enzymes that carry out retino

7 RALDH-2-IR indicates dynamic and discrete patterns of re

8 genase, named retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (RALDH-2).

9 Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type 2 (RALDH-2) is a major retinoic acid generating enzyme in t

10 In addition, RALDH-3 is found in a small population of basal cells in

11 Vitamin A deficiency altered RALDH 1, but not RALDH 2 protein expression.

12 LP (differentially catalyzed by RALDH 1 and RALDH 2) at sites that could influence the development,

13 zed to RALDH 1(+) sites in the OE and LP and RALDH 2(+) sites, primarily surrounding nerve fiber bund

14 -beta and retinal dehydrogenases (RALDH1 and RALDH 2) under steady-state conditions and that their sa

15 rat olfactory tissue by RT-PCR analysis, but RALDH 1 and 2 transcripts were predominant.

16 d underlying LP (differentially catalyzed by RALDH 1 and RALDH 2) at sites that could influence the d

17 ynthesized in the postnatal OE (catalyzed by RALDH 1) and underlying LP (differentially catalyzed by

18 ibit strong RALDH-2-IR in the embryo contain RALDH-2 and synthesize retinoic acid.

19 ate a novel activity of 4-1BB in controlling RALDH expression and the regulatory activity of DC.

20 RA-synthesizing retinaldehyde dehydrogenase RALDH-2, is likely to represent a diffusion source of RA

21 ogenase activity, rat retinal dehydrogenase (RALDH) 1 and RALDH2.

22 lerance by expressing retinal dehydrogenase (RALDH), an enzyme that promotes retinoic acid, which aid

23 in C57Bl/6 and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) 1 knockout (KO) mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet.

24 Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) activity was assessed by Aldefluor assay, and ALD

25 s the synthetic retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) enzymes and it is currently thought that switchin

26 f cytokines and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) enzymes in ileum samples, DCs, and IECs by real-t

27 fy and localize retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) expression in postnatal rat OE to gain a better u

28 egative regulator of retinal dehydrogenases (RALDH), the enzymes responsible for RA synthesis.

29 d enzymes, the retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDH), and binds to and activates nuclear RA receptors

30 c enzymes, the retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDH).

31 eport the immunolocalization of this enzyme (RALDH-2-IR) in stage 6-29 chicken embryos; we also show

32 ression of the major RA-synthesizing enzyme, RALDH-2 and activation of a RARE-lacZ transgene.

33 ons at all levels of the spinal cord exhibit RALDH-2-IR.

34 Cervical presomitic mesoderm exhibits RALDH-2-IR but thoracic presomitic mesoderm does not.

35 the brachial and lumbar cord regions express RALDH-2-IR.

36 Limb region mesoderm expressed RALDH-2, whereas the overlying limb ectoderm expressed C

37 Regions expressing RALDH-2 generated RA efficiently from precursor retinal

38 measured biochemically in regions expressing RALDH-2 or CYP26.

39 H 1, but appeared to be expressed in GFAP(-)/RALDH 1(-) OECs as well as in unidentified structures in

40 macrophages from healthy human intestine had RALDH activity.

41 How RALDH expression is regulated is unclear.

42 soderm expresses little RALDH-2-IR; however, RALDH-2-IR is strongly expressed in tissues adjacent to

43 first, prepubertal, spermatogenic cycle (i) RALDH-dependent synthesis of RA by Sertoli cells (SC), t

44 repressor, which appears to directly inhibit RALDH expression in DCs, thus providing mechanistic insi

45 of PGE2 during DC differentiation inhibited RALDH expression in mouse and human DCs, abrogating thei

46 he developing limb mesoderm expresses little RALDH-2-IR; however, RALDH-2-IR is strongly expressed in

47 H activity, and ligation of 4-1BB maintained RALDH expression in these gut DC.

48 sight into how PGE2 signaling down-modulates RALDH.

49 During gastrulation and neurulation RALDH-2 and CYP26 were expressed in nonoverlapping regio

50 itamin A deficiency altered RALDH 1, but not RALDH 2 protein expression.

51 or SREBP-1c downregulated the expression of RALDH genes, which could be rescued by re-expressing SRE

52 Motor neuronal expression of RALDH-2-IR is present in the growing axons as they exten

53 ng PGE2 signaling increased the frequency of RALDH(+) DCs in vitro, and reducing PGE2 synthesis in vi

54 eric lymph node DC with the highest level of RALDH activity, and ligation of 4-1BB maintained RALDH e

55 st cells do not express detectable levels of RALDH-2, but migrating crest cells are associated with R

56 neurons do not express detectable levels of RALDH-2-IR.

57 Expression patterns of RALDH-2 and CYP26 genes were determined in the early chi

58 imb region, a similar spatial segregation of RALDH-2 and CYP26 expression was found at stages 14 and

59 not expressed by DCs, it was the predominant RALDH enzyme isoform expressed by intestinal CD14(+) mac

60 RESULTS; RALDH2 was the predominant RALDH transcript in the choroid (> 100-fold that of RALD

61 ith those through TLR2 or GM-CSFR to promote RALDH activity in undifferentiated DC.

62 istochemistry on the embryonic trunk reveals RALDH-2 mRNA both in mesoderm and neuroectoderm, with hi

63 Expression in COS cells shows RALDH-2 to be highly effective in oxidation of retinalde

64 Prior to somitogenesis, RALDH-2-IR is present in the paraxial mesoderm with a ro

65 e also show that tissues that exhibit strong RALDH-2-IR in the embryo contain RALDH-2 and synthesize

66 te; as the somites form, they exhibit strong RALDH-2-IR.

67 We show here that RALDH-1, -2, and -3 are enriched in the sustentacular ce

68 e strong support for CYP1B1 being one of the RALDH-independent components by which embryos direct RA-

69 re expressed in the epithelium overlying the RALDH-3 expressing fibroblasts of the lamina propria.

70 vitro assay, addition of recombinant CRBP to RALDH-2 increased RA synthesis from retinaldehyde, with

71 de binding protein (CRBP I) was localized to RALDH 1(+) sites in the OE and LP and RALDH 2(+) sites,

72 ient mesenteric lymph node DC displayed weak RALDH activity and were poor at promoting iTreg developm

73 ut migrating crest cells are associated with RALDH-2 expressing mesoderm.

74 RALDH 2 did not colocalize with RALDH 1, but appeared to be expressed in GFAP(-)/RALDH 1

75 binding protein (CRABP II) colocalized with RALDH 1.

76 re expressed in nonoverlapping regions, with RALDH-2 transcripts localized to the presumptive presomi