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   1                                              RelB also affected expression of the ALDH gene ALDH1A2 I
     2                                              RelB and RelF act as transcriptional activators, inducin
     3                                              RelB directly increased expression of BECN1, a key autop
     4                                              RelB expression correlated with IL-1beta repression, and
     5                                              RelB expression is relatively higher in untreated KG1a c
     6                                              RelB expression was detected early in pregnancy followed
     7                                              RelB is an NF-kappaB family transcription factor activat
     8                                              RelB is both constitutively present and is inducible by 
     9                                              RelB is processed by CO2 in a manner dependent on a key 
    10                                              RelB knockdown disassociated the complex and reversed tr
    11                                              RelB stabilizes itself by directly interacting with p100
    12                                              RelB, a member of the NF-kappaB family, attenuates cigar
    13                                              RelB, which acts as a repressor of TNFalpha transcriptio
    14                                              RelB-p52 also represses BMF translation by regulating mi
    15 the noncanonical NF-kappaB pathway, but as a RelB-p50 dimer regulated by canonical IkappaBs, IkappaBa
  
  
  
  
    20 staining the permissive promoter state after RelB knockdown required ATP-dependent nucleosome remodel
    21  factor-kappaB so that in the absence of AhR RelB is prematurely degraded, resulting in heightened in
    22  of TRAF3 in thymic epithelial cells allowed RelB-dependent development of normal numbers of AIRE-exp
    23  the NF-kappaB pathway and implicate altered RelB/p100-dependent signaling in the CO2-dependent regul
    24 oth the classical (p65/p50) and alternative (RelB/p52) NF-kappaB activation pathways, estrogen induce
  
    26  are inhibitors of NF-kappaB RelA, cRel, and RelB dimers, the atypical IkappaB protein Bcl3 is primar
  
    28 d increases in NF-kappaB-inducing kinase and RelB, which were predominantly located in tubular epithe
    29 .g. Lcn2 and A20), as well as IKK1, NIK, and RelB, but no changes in markers of inflammation or fibro
    30 or together with LIGHT up-regulated p100 and RelB expression and induced the nuclear localization of 
  
    32  NF-kappaB activities, synthesis of p100 and RelB NF-kappaB members, noncanonical NF-kappaB activity,
  
    34 e NF-kappaB2 transcription factors, p100 and RelB, by regulating the NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK).
    35 ing pathways, resulting in increased p50 and RelB nuclear translocation and TNFSF15 and OX40L express
    36 F-kappaB p100, and nuclear NF-kappaB p52 and RelB, suggesting a BCL10 requirement for activation of t
  
    38 ermore, overexpression of p50, p65, p52, and RelB individually in nfkappab1(-/-) or nfkappab1(+/+) BM
  
    40 f the Cot promoter demonstrated that p65 and RelB bound to the distal NF-kappaB-binding site and that
  
    42 pha activation of both NF-kappaB p50/p65 and RelB/p52 and the increase in intestinal TJ permeability.
  
  
  
  
    47 ed LPC-specific ablation of RelA, c-Rel, and RelB did not phenocopy NEMO deficiency, but constitutive
    48 kappaB family proteins (p65, p50, c-Rel, and RelB) with radiolabeled NF-kappaB-binding oligonucleotid
    49 splayed marked decreases in nuclear RelA and RelB and mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators co
    50 sociation with increases in nuclear RelA and RelB, components of the classical and alternative NF-kap
  
    52 aB transactivating subunits c-Rel, RelA, and RelB, which seemed functional as judged by induction of 
    53 ivated the NF-kappaB family member RelB, and RelB recruited the histone methyltransferases G9a and SE
    54 ted NAD(+) levels concomitant with SIRT1 and RelB accumulation at the TNF-alpha promoter of endotoxin
  
    56 Kalpha) and IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta) as RelB interacting partners whose activation by TNFalpha p
  
    58 otheliosis viral (v-rel) oncogene related B (RelB) subunit is not induced upon TNFalpha treatment in 
  
  
  
    62 en examined tumor-induced osteolysis in both RelB-/- and NIK-/- mice by using the B16 melanoma model.
  
    64 activated Akt enhanced osteoclastogenesis by RelB-induced Cot, and a dominant-negative form of Akt si
  
  
    67 pport the role of RelB in OCs, we challenged RelB-/- mice with TNF-alpha in vivo and found a diminish
  
  
  
  
    72  experiment, small inhibitory RNAs decreased RelB expression in tolerant cells and restored endotoxin
    73  is in sharp contrast to the well documented RelB stabilization and induction by high dose LPS, poten
  
  
    76 ar to WT controls, but the absence of either RelB or NIK completely blocked the tumor-induced loss of
    77 e received a recombinant adenovirus encoding RelB by intranasal aspiration to induce transient RelB o
    78 B promoted DC activation not as the expected RelB-p52 effector of the noncanonical NF-kappaB pathway,
    79 ature requires induction of NF-kappaB factor RelB, which directs histone H3K9 dimethylation, disrupts
    80 reported that NF-kappaB transcription factor RelB and histone H3 lysine methyltransferase G9a directl
  
    82 uction of the NF-kappaB transcription factor RelB by endotoxin activation is necessary and sufficient
    83 f low expression of the transcription factor RelB in untreated macrophages, high p52 expression repre
  
  
  
    87  there was no cell-intrinsic requirement for RelB for development of most cDC subsets, except for the
  
    89 ere is an unrecognized but critical role for RelB within the nonhematopoietic niche that controls nor
  
    91 lB chromatin binding was independent of G9a, RelB transcriptional silencing required G9a accumulation
  
    93 P3K14), the NFkappaB DNA binding heterodimer RelB/NFkappaB2, and proteins involved in NFkappaB2 p100 
  
  
  
    97    These data provide novel insight into how RelB is required to initiate silencing in the phenotype 
  
  
  
  
  
  
   104  were deficient in ARNT exhibited defects in RelB recruitment to NF-kappaB-responsive promoters, wher
  
   106 esting that p100 processing is a key step in RelB-rescued, RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in aly/al
  
  
   109   Mechanistically, we show that IL-1-induced RelB/p50 complex formation was further promoted by oncos
  
  
   112 promoter bound and recruited de novo induced RelB, which directed assembly of the mature transcriptio
  
  
   115 omoters, and its ability to repress them, is RelB-dependent, as shown by experiments using relB(-/-) 
   116 d the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB RelB subunit and activated expression and secretion of i
   117 ) as a downstream effector of the NF-kappaB, RelB/Bcl-2/Ras-driven pathway that promotes breast cance
   118 he function of the 'nonclassical' NF-kappaB2-RelB pathway is less clear, although T cells lacking com
   119 effect involved activation of the NF-kappaB2-RelB signaling pathway and inhibition of the expression 
   120 e development of mTECs, because mice lacking RelB, NIK, or IKKalpha, critical components of this path
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   128  elevated CO(2), the NF-kappaB family member RelB was cleaved to a lower molecular weight form and tr
   129   OX40 activated the NF-kappaB family member RelB, and RelB recruited the histone methyltransferases 
   130 , but overexpression of the NF-kappaB member RelB dampened Cox-2 expression in all three fibroblast t
  
   132 tein, activates nuclear factor-kappaB member RelB-mediated survival genes (cIAP1, cIAP2, and cFLIP), 
  
  
  
  
  
  
   139 specific, as overexpression of RelA, but not RelB, blocked apoptosis and rescued differentiation in R
  
   141 ion via a process we have termed the de novo RelB synthesis pathway, which protects these cells from 
   142   Once phosphorylated on serine 472, nuclear RelB dissociates from its interaction with the inhibitor
  
  
  
   146   Thus, ERK1-dependent regulation of nuclear RelB is critical for MM survival and explains the NIK-in
   147 e late CD69(-)Qa2(+) stage in the absence of RelB-dependent medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs)
   148  mice was detected by increased abundance of RelB and phospho-IkappaB kinase alpha/beta, an indirect 
  
  
   151 e, increased expression and/or activation of RelB could be a novel therapeutic strategy against acute
   152 kappaB pathway, culminating in activation of RelB, has a key and specific role in the differentiation
  
  
   155 h its Daxx binding motif prevents binding of RelB and Daxx, resulting in up-regulation of survival ge
   156  folic acid injection, as did DNA binding of RelB and NFkappaB2, detected in nuclei isolated from the
   157 o the nucleus in response to CO2 A cohort of RelB protein-protein interactions (e.g. with Raf-1 and I
  
  
  
  
  
   163 l interfering RNA results in dissociation of RelB from the promoter and partially restores TNF-alpha 
   164     The transcriptional activation domain of RelB, but not RelA, directly interacts with the processi
  
   166 Moreover, we found that forced expression of RelB in responsive cells induced repressive nucleosome p
  
   168 rst, we find that steady-state expression of RelB is regulated by the canonical pathway and constitut
  
  
  
   172 t has remained unclear whether the impact of RelB on cDC development is cell-intrinsic or -extrinsic.
   173 Small interfering RNA-mediated inhibition of RelB expression prevented repressive nucleosome repositi
  
  
   176 ne array analysis revealed that knockdown of RelB was associated with upregulation of several actin r
   177 ll hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of RelB, but not other nuclear factor kappaB members, abrog
  
   179 ecently, high constitutive nuclear levels of RelB have been observed in human prostate cancer specime
  
  
  
  
  
  
   186  results indicate that the overexpression of RelB restores RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by activa
  
   188  provide new insights into the regulation of RelB activity and reveal a novel link between selective 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   197 se results reveal a tumor-supportive role of RelB, implicate the NF-kappaB alternative pathway as a p
   198 vity, and loss of p100 alters sensitivity of RelB to CO2 Thus, we provide molecular insight into the 
  
   200   This association-mediated stabilization of RelB implies a possible role for RelB in the processing 
  
   202 ected cells and restores the upregulation of RelB during differentiation by increased transcriptional
  
  
   205 ctions to target DNA methyltransferases onto RelB target sites in the genome provides a rare example 
   206 h other TNF-responsive genes such as Ccl2 or RelB, which suggested that this effect was not a general
   207 alternative NF-kappaB components IKKalpha or RelB have reduced mitochondrial content and function.   
  
   209 kappaB components, including NFkappaB2/p100, RelB, and NIK, accompanied by processing of NFkappaB2/p1
  
  
   212 sured by nuclear translocation of RelA, p50, RelB, and p52, and this culminated in the transactivatio
  
   214 ighly suggestive of assembly of multiple p50/RelB heterodimers on tandem kappaB sites in solution.   
   215 reveal optimal assembly of two wild-type p50/RelB heterodimers on tandem HIV kappaB DNA with 2 bp spa
  
   217 udy, we show that the IKKalpha-dependent p52/RelB noncanonical pathway is critical to sustain CXCL12/
   218   The NF-kB signaling, regulated by IKK1-p52/RelB and IKK2-p65, is activated by various stresses to p
   219  that nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) (p52/RelB) is persistently activated in a subset of BRCA1-def
   220 aling pathway mediates activation of the p52/RelB NF-kappaB complex and, thereby, regulates specific 
  
  
   223 ory form, and reduced nuclear NF-kappaB p65, RelB, p50, and p52, and IKKalpha were observed in KA/KA 
  
   225 -10 promoter and preferentially recruits p65/RelB to IL-12 p35 and p40 promoters, causing a decrease 
  
  
  
   229     In vivo, D(3) analog resulted in reduced RelB in DCs from VDR WT mice but not VDR knockout mice. 
   230 d classical NF-kappaB signaling up-regulates RelB expression that inhibits both basal and NC NF-kappa
   231 d with increased binding of p50, p65, c-Rel, RelB, and p300 proteins to a level comparable with that 
   232 ranscription factors, including RelA, c-Rel, RelB, NF-kappaB1 (p50 and its precursor p105), and NF-ka
   233 fied one NF-kappaB, targeted by RelA, c-Rel, RelB, p105/p50, and p100/p52, and two AP-1, targeted by 
   234 tors consists of five proteins, RelA, c-Rel, RelB, p50, and p52, which assemble into several homodime
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   242 lation of NLRP12 promoted NIK stabilization, RelB nuclear translocation, and increased osteoclastogen
   243 egulated the expression of NF-kappaB subunit RelB and blocked the anti-IgM-induced decline in c-Myc a
   244 ts were caused by impaired NF-kappaB subunit RelB and p50 activation and by impaired caspase 1-mediat
  
  
   247  a novel function of the NF-kappaB subunits, RelB/p50, as transcriptional activators of the FA/BRCA p
  
   249 ages by removing transcriptional suppressive RelB through interleukin receptor-associated kinase 1 an
   250 o the distal NF-kappaB-binding site and that RelB but not p65 bound to the proximal NF-kappaB-binding
   251 aken together, our findings demonstrate that RelB can repress proinflammatory gene expression, and su
   252  Taken together, these data demonstrate that RelB is a CO(2)-sensitive NF-kappaB family member that m
  
   254    In the present study, we demonstrate that RelB plays an important radioprotective role in aggressi
  
  
   257 RelB silences gene expression and found that RelB induces facultative heterochromatin formation by di
   258 udy, we examined this paradox and found that RelB, another member of the NF-kappaB family, is induced
  
  
  
   262 d-type and Relb(-/-) bone marrow showed that RelB exerts cell-extrinsic actions on some lineages, but
   263 flammatory gene expression, and suggest that RelB expression in sepsis patient blood leukocytes may p
  
  
  
   267 ion, our study shows for the first time that RelB is required for the cisplatin/TNF-alpha-induced cyt
  
  
   270 ized a new de novo synthesis pathway for the RelB NF-kappaB subunit, induced by the cytomegalovirus I
  
   272 repeat domain of p105 is not involved in the RelB-p105 complex formation, all domains and flexible re
   273 actor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway, mainly the RelB-p52 heterodimer, plays important roles in bone meta
   274  specifically activated the RelA but not the RelB form of NF-kappaB in a mucosal epithelial tumor cel
   275 es buried within the hydrophobic core of the RelB dimerization domain appears to influence the confor
  
  
   278 g protein that modulated the activity of the RelB subunit of the transcription factor nuclear factor 
  
   280  Given the documented role of several of the RelB-regulated genes in diseases, particularly cancer, t
  
  
  
  
  
   286 d ovarian cancers NFkappaB signaling via the RelB transcription factor supports TIC populations by di
   287 mp1 represents a novel mechanism whereby the RelB NF-kappaB subunit mediates repression, specifically
  
  
   290 face hydrophobic residues that are unique to RelB does not affect its propensity to form homodimers v
   291 by intranasal aspiration to induce transient RelB overexpression in the lungs and were subsequently e
  
   293 our complementary approaches to test whether RelB contributes to tumorigenicity of prostate cancer.  
  
   295  unique protein-protein contacts explain why RelB prefers p52 as its dimeric partner for transcriptio
  
   297 indicate that ARNT functions in concert with RelB in a CD30-induced negative feedback mechanism.     
   298 by IKKalpha facilitates its interaction with RelB and IKKalpha, indicating that DBC1-mediated suppres
  
  
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