ライフサイエンスコーパス: TA system

1 TA systems consist of stable toxins and labile antitoxin

2 TA systems exist in surprisingly high numbers in all pro

3 TA systems harbored by pathogens also serve as attractiv

4 TA systems have also been implicated in several clinical

5 constitute an additional chromosomal type 2 TA system that is upregulated during the SOS DNA damage

6 Presence of at least 33 TA systems in Escherichia coli and more than 60 TA syste

7 systems in Escherichia coli and more than 60 TA systems in Mycobacterium tuberculosis suggests that t

8 Here we identify and characterize a TA system found in various bacteria, including the globa

9 Escherichia coli GhoT/GhoS is a TA system in which toxin GhoT expression is reduced by c

10 ion of the widespread bi-functional AbiE Abi-TA systems and the biochemical properties of both toxin

11 rboring at least seven simultaneously active TA systems, pSYSA appears as the plasmid most strongly s

12 udy, we show that MazEF and Phd/Doc are also TA systems that are constitutively expressed, transcribe

13 messenger RNA (mRNA) by antitoxin GhoS, and TA system MqsR/MqsA controls GhoT/GhoS through different

14 ncreases persistence by reducing indole, and TA systems are related to cell signalling.

15 The mazEFSa toxin-antitoxin (TA) system is ubiquitous in clinical isolates of Staphyl

16 li form an oxygen-dependent toxin-antitoxin (TA) system.

17 ng with mqsA, forms a novel toxin.antitoxin (TA) system.

18 Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems (or "addiction modules") typically facilitat

19 Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are expressed from two-gene operons that enc

20 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are found on both bacterial plasmids and chr

21 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are gene modules that are ubiquitous in free

22 Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are genetic elements, which are encoded by p

23 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are implicated in the downregulation of bact

24 Genes encoding toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are near ubiquitous in bacterial genomes and

25 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous on bacterial chromosomes, yet

26 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are unique modules that effect plasmid stabi

27 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widely distributed in bacteria and play

28 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread in prokaryotes.

29 e-living bacteria carry the toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems controlling cell growth and death under stre

30 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems form a ubiquitous class of prokaryotic prote

31 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have been implicated in facilitating persist

32 The relBE family of Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have been widely reported in bacteria but no

33 The discovery and study of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems helps us advance our understanding of the st

34 The roles of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems in bacteria have been debated.

35 ndoribonucleases encoded by toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems in bacterial genomes.

36 lized toward the control of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems known to promote bacterial adaptation to str

37 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems of free-living bacteria have recently demons

38 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems on the chromosomes of free-living bacteria a

39 ree-living bacteria contain toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems on their genomes and the targets of toxins a

40 Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems play key roles in bacterial persistence, bio

41 ndoribonucleases encoded by toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems present in its genome.

42 Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems regulate key cellular processes to promote c

43 These toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems thereby function as postsegregational killin

44 Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems typically consist of a small, labile antitox

45 contain different types of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems.

46 s seven demonstrated type 2 toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems: cassettes of two or three cotranscribed gen

47 Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous within bacterial genomes, and

48 Since toxins of toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems have been postulated to be responsible for p

49 The prevalence of toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems in almost all genomes suggests they evolve r

50 Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems perhaps enable cells to reduce their metabol

51 For toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems, no toxin has been identified that functions

52 Here, we identify SocAB, an atypical TA system in Caulobacter crescentus.

53 yafO-encoded toxin and show a protein-based TA system upregulated by the SOS response.

54 pand the diversity of mechanisms employed by TA systems to regulate toxin activity and inhibit bacter

55 Unlike canonical TA systems, the toxin SocB is unstable and constitutivel

56 The well-characterized F-plasmid-based CcdAB TA system is important for F-plasmid maintenance.

57 ction (ppGpp-SpoT), in contrast to classical TA systems that involve only protein and/or RNA.

58 toxin YafQ of the YafQ/DinJ Escherichia coli TA system on persister cell formation.

59 U-YeeV (CbtA) is one of the Escherichia coli TA systems, and the toxin, CbtA, has been reported to in

60 mbers in all prokaryotes, but cyanobacterial TA systems have been only very poorly experimentally cha

61 de of action of the Doc toxin of the Phd-Doc TA system.

62 icrobiology, describes a new plasmid-encoded TA system, lsoAB, which confers resistance to a dmd(-) m

63 The genes encoding TA systems also exist on bacterial chromosomes, and it h

64 tic benefits by targeting this enzyme-enzyme TA system in bacterial pathogens such as M. tuberculosis

65 ParDE family TA systems are broadly conserved on plasmids and bacteri

66 our group has shown VapBC to be a bona fide TA system.

67 To our knowledge, this is the first TA system in which the toxin does not function as a tran

68 t that is opposite that of deleting all five TA systems; this suggests that complex regulation occurs

69 Here, the role of five TA systems in regard to biofilm development was investig

70 in biofilm formation upon deleting the five TA systems at 8 h, as well as that seen upon overexpress

71 fitness, we found that deletion of the five TA systems decreased biofilm formation initially (8 h) o

72 iling revealed that the deletion of the five TA systems induced expression of a single gene, yjgK, wh

73 lumn assays confirmed that deleting the five TA systems reduced cell attachment.

74 d TA fields, and suggests a greater role for TA system-based resistance and counter-resistance in the

75 As such, several roles for TA systems have been proposed, such as phage inhibition,

76 e additional type II, and three freestanding TA system components are predicted on pSYSA, all of whic

77 ate the novel molecular details of the HigBA TA system.

78 ith the previously well characterized type I TA system from the B. subtilis chromosome, bsrG/SR4, rev

79 ic toxin) pair in 81-176 belongs to a Type I TA system.

80 used to determine that the MqsR/MqsA type II TA system of Escherichia coli is important for cell grow

81 c toxin) pair in IA3902 belongs to a Type II TA system, while the cjrA (RNA antitoxin)/cjpT (proteic

82 pful to investigate the key roles of type II TA systems in Streptomyces physiology and environmental

83 Regulation of type II TA systems relies on the proteolysis of antitoxin protei

84 licates a wider functional role for Type III TA systems.

85 Interest in TA systems has increased dramatically over the past 5 ye

86 defining physiological roles for individual TA systems.

87 due to the subtle influence from individual TA systems.

88 imited insights into functions of individual TA systems because of their redundancy.

89 s identified for deletions of the individual TA systems, but a triple deletion strain (DeltavapBC, ma

90 YeeU, is a novel type of antitoxin (type IV TA system), which does not form a complex with CbtA but

91 Like all known TA systems, both the MqsR.MqsA complex and MqsA alone re

92 titoxin levels over time for the three known TA systems of the major human pathogen Staphylococcus au

93 acterial genomes, and the mechanisms of many TA systems are well characterized.

94 e MazF toxin from the Escherichia coli mazEF TA system is a sequence- and single-strand-specific endo

95 he well-characterized Escherichia coli MazEF TA system.

96 Among these, the mazEF TA system encodes an endoribonucleolytic toxin, MazF, th

97 very of artificial activators of the mazEFSa TA system.

98 ove the ability of SecB to control our model TA system without affecting its function in protein expo

99 riginally viewed as DNA maintenance modules, TA systems are now thought to function in many roles, in

100 d demonstrate the functionality of four more TA systems encoded on this 100,749-bp plasmid.

101 Although these multiple TA systems were reported previously to not impact bacter

102 In addition, the de novo TA system was found to increase persistence, a phenotype

103 sses the potential impact and application of TA systems in plant-associated bacteria, guided by insig

104 of the recently-discovered Type III class of TA systems, defined by a protein toxin suppressed by dir

105 perones can specialize toward the control of TA systems.

106 The exploitation of TA systems as an antibacterial strategy via artificial a

107 Despite the importance of TA systems in persistence and biofilms, very little is k

108 Hence, we suggest that one role of TA systems is to influence biofilm formation.

109 tudies have investigated the significance of TA systems in the context of plant-microbe interactions.

110 stead of utilizing autorepression typical of TA systems, sigB downregulates this promoter, providing

111 We identified only one TA system in C. difficile strain 630 (epidemic type X),

112 TA complex and found that, unlike most other TA systems, the antitoxin HigA makes minimal interaction

113 In contrast to other TA systems, [C117S]YmoB transiently interacts with Hha (

114 response also appears to occur in two other TA systems in S. aureus, indicating a shared mechanism o

115 Here, we reveal that, unlike other TA systems, MqsR is not a transcription co-repressor but

116 Transcription of these paralogous TA systems is differentially regulated under distinct en

117 does not apply to this chromosomal ParD-ParE TA system.

118 discovered that the genes for one particular TA system, MazEF, are ubiquitous on plasmids isolated fr

119 obacterium smegmatis contains three putative TA systems, VapBC, MazEF, and Phd/Doc, and previous work

120 cture, cellular function, and fitness roles, TA systems are defined by the presence of a toxin gene t

121 For example, a single TA system has only a minor contribution to persister cel

122 ular characterization of the sll7003/ssl7004 TA system encoded on plasmid pSYSA of the model cyanobac

123 w investigates the tractability of targeting TA systems to kill bacteria, including fundamental requi

124 the complex phenotype seen upon deleting the TA systems, overexpression of YjgK decreased biofilm for

125 By inactivating the TA systems, pVir was readily cured from Campylobacter, i

126 These findings establish the key role of the TA systems in maintaining plasmid stability and provide

127 X has no homology to any other toxins of the TA systems.

128 Mycobacterium tuberculosis suggests that the TA systems are involved not only in normal bacterial phy

129 ation was dependent on the presence of these TA systems.

130 This TA system forms an alpha(2)beta(2) heterotetramer in the

131 s study, we report the identification of two TA systems that are located on the pVir plasmid in 81-17

132 e, we found a novel, previously unidentified TA system in Escherichia coli named yjhX-yjhQ.

133 perties of a prototype M. tuberculosis VapBC TA system, vapBC-mt4 (Rv0596c-Rv0595c).

134 e as well as traits normally associated with TA systems, such as plasmid maintenance, implicates a wi

135 stence, a phenotype commonly associated with TA systems.

136 of action of the YafQ toxin of the DinJ-YafQ TA system.