ライフサイエンスコーパス: TTSS

1 TTSS activity is required for the virulence of many path

2 TTSS also synergized with ACT to up-regulate IL-10 and P

3 TTSS consists of a conserved needle complex (NC) that is

4 TTSS-dependent secretion of several effectors was enhanc

5 TTSS-mediated secretion of IpaD is also required for tra

6 TTSS-proficient P. fluorescens was used to test the abil

7 TTSSs are export devices found in a variety of gram-nega

8 sociated with the pathogenicity island SPI-1 TTSS (type three secretion system).

9 , the data show that the flagellar and SPI-1 TTSS are coupled via regulatory proteins.

10 n the protein translocases mediate the SPI-1 TTSS-dependent intimate association of S. Typhimurium wi

11 ecretion and translocation through the SPI-1 TTSS.

12 m designed to induce expression of the SPI-2 TTSS and its effectors.

13 The SPI-2 TTSS is activated after internalization of bacteria by h

14 ation defects comparable to those of a SPI-2 TTSS null mutant.

15 gulatory (DeltassaL) components of the SPI-2 TTSS.

16 ls their ordered secretion through the SPI-2 TTSS.

17 EE-encoded SepZ protein and identify it as a TTSS-secreted and -translocated molecule.

18 the non-pathogen Pseudomonas fluorescens, a TTSS-deficient mutant of P. syringae pv. tabaci, or flg2

19 ed to a growth phase-dependent increase in a TTSS-dependent function, cytotoxicity.

20 usions translocated the AvrBs2 reporter in a TTSS-dependent manner into resistant BS2 pepper cells du

21 ated during B. bronchiseptica infection in a TTSS-dependent manner.

22 creted and translocated into HeLa cells in a TTSS-dependent manner.

23 activated the ERK 1/2 signaling pathway in a TTSS-dependent manner.

24 These observations reveal that HopPtoN is a TTSS effector that can suppress plant cell death events

25 owledge, that genes encoding components of a TTSS are regulated by the SOS response, and our data mig

26 Here we report the characterization of a TTSS chromosomal operon from the diarrheal isolate SSU o

27 ted into J774 macrophages independently of a TTSS.

28 ctivator pair controlling transcription of a TTSS.

29 er the Xanthomonas strains contain an active TTSS.

30 These data suggest that these P. aeruginosa TTSS effectors have different effects on innate immunity

31 Upon cellular contact, the P. aeruginosa TTSS is capable of delivering a combination of at least

32 estigated protein-protein interactions among TTSS components of the needle-translocon complex using a

33 We demonstrate that ACT and TTSS are required for the inhibition of Ag-driven CD4+ T

34 ned the effects of B. bronchiseptica ACT and TTSS on murine bone marrow-derived macrophages.

35 s to identify TTSS Hrp regulon promoters and TTSS pathway targeting signals suggest that phytopathoge

36 ation between the LPS O-antigen serotype and TTSS-mediated cytotoxicity would exist.

37 terol-dependent association of the bacterial TTSS translocon with the target cell plasma membrane is

38 so studied the potential association between TTSS genotypes and multidrug-resistant (MDR) profiles, a

39 A bipC TTSS-3-deficient strain of B. pseudomallei and complemen

40 The identity of Bordetella TTSS effectors, however, has remained elusive.

41 vious studies have shown that the Bordetella TTSS mediated cytotoxicity in different cell types, inhi

42 These results suggest that the Bordetella TTSS modulates antigen-presenting cells in a cell type-s

43 phages and dendritic cells by the Bordetella TTSS.

44 s and remained unmodulated by the Bordetella TTSS.

45 By generating a Bsa TTSS mutant B. thailandensis strain, we also demonstrate

46 -1 model system to study the role of the Bsa TTSS during Burkholderia infection of mammalian cells an

47 Although the Bsa TTSS has been shown to play an important role in the abi

48 is strain, we also demonstrated that the Bsa TTSS has similar functions in the two species.

49 Reduced colonization by TTSS-deficient bacteria was evident by 7 days after infe

50 tor that is translocated into the cytosol by TTSS.

51 as significantly lower than that elicited by TTSS mutant bacteria.

52 ate (30-day) mortality was not influenced by TTSS genotype but was independently associated with MDR

53 peptide resulted in the creation of chimeric TTSS effector::AvrBs2 fusion proteins.

54 The genes for this V. cholerae TTSS system appear to be present in many clinical and en

55 translocation into host cells by the cognate TTSS require both, the amino terminal and chaperone-bind

56 targeted for secretion through their cognate TTSS and, instead, are secreted through the flagellar ex

57 trB is a new TTSS repressor that coordinates TTSS repression and pyocin synthesis under the stress of

58 to encode effectors secreted via the DC3000 TTSS.

59 t cells by the P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 TTSS.

60 urium pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1)-encoded TTSS are required for the intimate association of these

61 coordinately regulated with the LEE-encoded TTSS necessary for their translocation into host cells.

62 ion of effector proteins of the SPI1-encoded TTSS and by enhancing epithelial cell invasion.

63 homolog hrpL, which activates genes encoding TTSS structural and secreted proteins.

64 This enhances TTSS function without compromising the protective proper

65 C. elegans intestinal cells, the S. enterica TTSS-exported effector protein SptP inhibited a conserve

66 esults showed that either a retS or an exsA (TTSS) mutation delayed disease progression, as illustrat

67 nchiseptica, the screen identified the first TTSS chaperone-effector locus, btcA-bteA, and we experim

68 (A+ B-, A- B+, and A- B-) were examined for TTSS expression and cytotoxicity.

69 Here we report a genome-wide screen for TTSS effectors based on shared biophysical and functiona

70 can be used as a high throughput screen for TTSS mutants or inhibitors.

71 The search for TTSS chaperones and effectors was then expanded to other

72 coding for proteins containing a functional TTSS signal peptide resulted in the creation of chimeric

73 Mutagenesis demonstrated that a functional TTSS was required for the full pathogenicity of ATCC 233

74 ain DC3000 and a mutant lacking a functional TTSS.

75 ion of hrp-regulated virulence factors (e.g. TTSS and COR) during bacterial infection.

76 o strain RB50, strain 1289 exhibited greater TTSS-mediated cytotoxicity of a mammalian cell line.

77 The Hrp TTSS employs customized cytoplasmic chaperones, conserve

78 as been shown to negatively regulate the hrp TTSS.

79 s translocated into tomato cells via the Hrp TTSS.

80 usion proteins and designated the identified TTSS effectors as Xanthomonas outer proteins (Xops).

81 employing bioinformatic methods to identify TTSS Hrp regulon promoters and TTSS pathway targeting si

82 stDC3000) hrcC mutant, which is deficient in TTSS function.

83 suggested a second site of action for Lon in TTSS-dependent effector secretion.

84 B-band O antigen also demonstrated increased TTSS secretion.

85 t studies with other bacteria have indicated TTSS regulation by QS, this is the first report describi

86 the molecular mechanisms by which individual TTSS effectors promote virulence.

87 be different in different bacteria involving TTSS components, as well as surface determinants not ass

88 e that Salmonella (SipB) and Shigella (IpaB) TTSS translocon components bind cholesterol with high af

89 ce for the Xcv AvrBs2 effector devoid of its TTSS signal was randomly inserted into the Xcv genome.

90 ics, we identified homologs of several known TTSS effectors from other bacteria in the B. pseudomalle

91 Surprisingly, wild-type-like TTSS functioning was restored to the pnp mutant strain b

92 ng pathways that control twitching motility, TTSS and autolysis in P. aeruginosa.

93 Therefore, PtrB is a new TTSS repressor that coordinates TTSS repression and pyoc

94 l gene, designated ptrB, restored the normal TTSS activity.

95 ization of ExsC as an anti-anti-activator of TTSS expression.

96 ExsA is an activator of TTSS gene transcription, and ExsD is an anti-activator o

97 n of bteA is co-ordinated with expression of TTSS apparatus genes, BteA is secreted through the TTSS

98 hat the intracellular fate is independent of TTSS inhibition of neutrophil ROS production.

99 amaging agent, resulted in the inhibition of TTSS activation.

100 The impact in mortality of TTSS genotypes (exoS, exoT, exoU, and exoY genes) and re

101 To investigate the molecular roles of TTSS effectors in disease formation, we used a cDNA micr

102 al pathogens), and a more specialized set of TTSS-secreted proteins to deliver effectors across the p

103 an OM protein necessary for translocation of TTSS effectors that also works in conjunction with a 2-c

104 filaments, which consist of either curli or TTSS-secreted proteins, are required for enterobacterial

105 mary, our results suggest that the Y. pestis TTSS contributes to extracellular survival following int

106 To identify the PrtR-regulated TTSS repressor, another round of Tn mutagenesis was carr

107 A prtR/prtN double mutant had the same TTSS defect as the prtR mutant, and complementation by a

108 not only the related Salmonella and Shigella TTSSs, but also the more divergent EPEC system.

109 The SPI1 TTSS injects effector proteins into the cytosol of host

110 HilA activates the SPI1 TTSS structural genes.

111 nce that hilA expression, and hence the SPI1 TTSS, is controlled by a feedforward regulatory loop.

112 SseJ is a SPI2 TTSS effector protein that is homologous to enzymes call

113 cient strains had no effect on MT suggesting TTSS dependence.

114 cens heterologously expressing a P. syringae TTSS and AvrPto1(PtoJL1065).

115 or Hrp-mediated translocation of P. syringae TTSS effectors into plant cells.

116 The P. syringae TTSS is encoded by hrp-hrc genes that reside in a centra

117 The P. syringae TTSS is encoded by the hrp-hrc gene cluster.

118 opS2 effector possessed atypical P. syringae TTSS N-terminal characteristics and was translocated in

119 levels in the regulation of the P. syringae TTSS: regulation of assembly of the secreton and modulat

120 al protein of the type III secretion system (TTSS) and EscF, a protein that forms the protruding need

121 ichia coli (EHEC) type III secretion system (TTSS) and five effector proteins secreted by the TTSS ar

122 V pili (tfp), the type III secretion system (TTSS) and quorum sensing.

123 dent on a type III protein secretion system (TTSS) and the effector proteins it translocates into pla

124 hat can express a type III secretion system (TTSS) considered important for colonization and persiste

125 encodes a 74-kDa type III secretion system (TTSS) effector protein.

126 ivery of the EHEC type III secretion system (TTSS) effector proteins Tir and EspF(U) into the host ce

127 r proteins of the type III secretion system (TTSS) encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1

128 The type III secretion system (TTSS) encoded by Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 2 (SPI-

129 al related to the type III secretion system (TTSS) encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-

130 l cells using a type three secretion system (TTSS) encoded on Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI1

131 murium utilizes a type III secretion system (TTSS) encoded on Salmonella pathogenicity island-2 (SPI2

132 eptica utilizes a type III secretion system (TTSS) for induction of non-apoptotic cytotoxicity in hos

133 xpression of some type III secretion system (TTSS) genes led to a growth phase-dependent increase in

134 R showed that the type III secretion system (TTSS) genes were more highly expressed by strain 1289 th

135 pparatus)-encoded type III secretion system (TTSS) has been shown to be required for its full virulen

136 tory genes of the type III secretion system (TTSS) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, transposon (Tn5) insert

137 The type III secretion system (TTSS) is a macromolecular structure that spans the cell

138 The type III secretion system (TTSS) is a major virulence determinant of Pseudomonas ae

139 omonas aeruginosa type III secretion system (TTSS) is coupled to the secretion status of the cells.

140 A type III secretion system (TTSS) is encoded on a virulence plasmid that is common t

141 pv. tomato DC3000 type III secretion system (TTSS) is required for bacterial pathogenicity on plants

142 a, the functional type III secretion system (TTSS) is required for the induction of necrotic cell dea

143 B. bronchiseptica type III secretion system (TTSS) mediated the increase in MHCII, CD86, and CD80 sur

144 vered through the type III secretion system (TTSS) of bacteria.

145 inhibitor of the type III secretion system (TTSS) of Gram-negative bacteria.

146 e injected by the type III secretion system (TTSS) of pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae.

147 The type III secretion system (TTSS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is induced by contact wi

148 The type III secretion system (TTSS) of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) injects i

149 The hrp type III secretion system (TTSS) of Pseudomonas syringae translocates effector prot

150 l via the type III protein secretion system (TTSS) of Xcv.

151 plasmid-encoded type three secretion system (TTSS) of Yersinia spp. is responsible for the delivery o

152 The type III secretion system (TTSS) plays a key role in pathogenesis by translocating

153 n L (OprL), a non-type III secretion system (TTSS) protein, as an early immunogenic protein during th

154 xin (ACT) and the type III secretion system (TTSS) synergize to drive dendritic cells into an altered

155 ogen, expresses a type III secretion system (TTSS) that is encoded by the locus of enterocyte effacem

156 strain carries a type III secretion system (TTSS) that is related to the TTSS2 gene cluster found in

157 equires a type III protein secretion system (TTSS) to cause disease.

158 zes the bacterial type III secretion system (TTSS) to deliver an antigen directly into the cell cytop

159 ve bacteria use a type III secretion system (TTSS) to deliver effector proteins into host cells.

160 eptica utilizes a type III secretion system (TTSS) to establish a persistent infection of the murine

161 re exported via a type III secretion system (TTSS) to form a pore in the host membrane that may allow

162 la spp. utilize a type III secretion system (TTSS) to initiate infection.

163 a macromolecular type III secretion system (TTSS) to inject effector proteins into eukaryotic host c

164 dysentery, uses a type III secretion system (TTSS) to inject proteins into human cells, leading to ba

165 chiseptica uses a type III secretion system (TTSS) to persist in the lower respiratory tract of mice.

166 oria (Xcv) uses a type III secretion system (TTSS) to translocate effector proteins into host plant c

167 EHEC uses a type III secretion system (TTSS) to translocate effector proteins to the epithelial

168 udomonas syringae type III secretion system (TTSS) translocates effector proteins into plant cells.

169 la bronchiseptica type III secretion system (TTSS) which contributes to bacterial survival in the low

170 ia expressing the type III secretion system (TTSS), a surface-attached needle-like complex that injec

171 of the Yersinia type three secretion system (TTSS), an organelle that injects effector proteins direc

172 thogens utilize a type III secretion system (TTSS), encoded by the locus of enterocyte effacement (LE

173 arget cells via a type III secretion system (TTSS), modulating the host immune response.

174 he ExsA-regulated type III secretion system (TTSS), reduced twitching motility, and a decrease in ass

175 mal pathogen-like type III secretion system (TTSS), this study analyzes the correlation between type

176 e hrp-hrc-encoded type III secretion system (TTSS), which injects bacterial effector proteins (primar

177 nd pathogenicity) type III secretion system (TTSS), which injects Hop (Hrp outer protein) effectors i

178 Type III secretion system (TTSS)-deficient strains had no effect on MT suggesting T

179 via the Shigella type III secretion system (TTSS).

180 that requires the type III secretion system (TTSS).

181 ms, including the type III secretion system (TTSS).

182 EBA operon of the type III secretion system (TTSS).

183 ty related to the type III secretion system (TTSS).

184 e in mammals is a type III secretion system (TTSS).

185 exotoxins by the type III secretion system (TTSS).

186 expression of the type III secretion system (TTSS).

187 host cells via a type-III secretion system (TTSS).

188 components of the type III secretion system (TTSS).

189 genicity island 2 type III secretion system (TTSS).

190 , by the Shigella type III secretion system (TTSS).

191 pon the bacterial type III secretory system (TTSS) and involved secreted effector molecules EspG and

192 Type III secretion systems (TTSS) are sophisticated macromolecular structures that p

193 pathogen has two type III secretion systems (TTSS) encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1 and

194 mmalian cells by type III secretion systems (TTSS) is thought to require the intimate association of

195 host cells using type III secretion systems (TTSSs or secretons), which comprise cytoplasmic, transme

196 Type III protein secretion systems (TTSSs) are ancestrally related to the flagellar export s

197 Type III secretion systems (TTSSs) mediate translocation of virulence factors into h

198 al pathogens use type III secretion systems (TTSSs) to inject effector proteins into host cells.

199 rium encodes two type III secretion systems (TTSSs) within pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) and island

200 1B contains two type III secretion systems (TTSSs), the plasmid-encoded Ysc-Yop system and the chrom

201 via specialized type III secretion systems (TTSSs).

202 associated with type-III secretion systems (TTSSs).

203 Previous studies have demonstrated that TTSS expression in enteropathogenic Yersinia spp. also i

204 In this study we report that TTSS-dependent effectors are subject to the proteolytic

205 The TTSS has three main structural parts: a base, a needle,

206 The TTSS is activated to transfer bacterial proteins directl

207 The TTSS needle complex is conserved among bacterial pathoge

208 The TTSS of B. bronchiseptica inhibits the generation of IFN

209 in vitro neutralization activity against the TTSS.

210 tion between LPS O-antigen structure and the TTSS in both laboratory and clinical isolates of P. aeru

211 , indicating specific effects of Act and the TTSS on lactone production.

212 his inhibition, and we show that ACT and the TTSS synergize to increase macrophage production of PGE2

213 report describing a correlation between the TTSS and Act of A. hydrophila and the production of lact

214 Recent studies suggest that both the TTSS and COR are involved in the suppression of host bas

215 in a sec-dependent manner, and to bridge the TTSS membrane-associated rings.

216 ) and five effector proteins secreted by the TTSS are located on the locus of enterocyte effacement (

217 he modulation of IFN-gamma production by the TTSS facilitates B. bronchiseptica survival in the lower

218 in the bacterial envelope (also used by the TTSS of animal pathogens), and a more specialized set of

219 SptP protein is secreted by the TTSS of Salmonella and translocated into the cytoplasm o

220 ently of TLR2 and LcrV and is blocked by the TTSS.

221 d into the cytoplasm of Int-407 cells by the TTSS.

222 or transcription of the operons encoding the TTSS effectors and apparatus in response to calcium limi

223 The operon encoding the TTSS regulator ExsA does not respond to calcium limitati

224 ese studies that a critical function for the TTSS-associated chaperones is to confer secretion-pathwa

225 However, the TTSS of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherich

226 Similar to strain 1289, we implicate the TTSS in the increased virulence of this strain.

227 ctor and HrpK plays an important role in the TTSS and is a putative type III translocator.

228 of the prtR gene were found defective in the TTSS.

229 human PMNs, similar to bacteria lacking the TTSS.

230 ontrary, mutations within MxiH that lock the TTSS into altered secretion states do not detectably alt

231 IL-6 secretion was independent of the TTSS and ACT.

232 defenses and the virulence activities of the TTSS and COR during infection.

233 enotype suggesting defective assembly of the TTSS and protein translocation.

234 spG, to investigate the contributions of the TTSS and the translocated effector proteins to EHEC path

235 ese results demonstrate that blocking of the TTSS by a Fab lacking antibody Fc-mediated effector func

236 tsM, that is necessary for expression of the TTSS genes in P. aeruginosa.

237 lling cascade that induces expression of the TTSS in response to environmental signals.

238 and mitomycin C-mediated suppression of the TTSS is also abolished in a ptrB mutant strain.

239 Transcription of the TTSS is repressed in an exsC mutant and is derepressed u

240 gene encoding BopC is located outside of the TTSS locus and is also highly conserved in both Bordetel

241 lace at the interface between the tip of the TTSS needle and the translocon, we developed a screen to

242 However, the extracellular part of the TTSS of EPEC and EHEC is unique, in that it has a hollow

243 icted to be involved in the formation of the TTSS translocon, from wild-type (WT) A. hydrophila as we

244 A component of the TTSS translocon, LcrV, has been implicated in preventing

245 activity to OprL, along with proteins of the TTSS, and in conjunction with microbiology may diagnose

246 n escN, the putative ATPase component of the TTSS, and the genes encoding the four other LEE-encoded

247 and distinct global virulence effects of the TTSS, COR, and possibly other hrp-regulated virulence fa

248 n and the structure and/or regulation of the TTSS, we found that SepZ does not mediate uptake of EPEC

249 mbrane-associated needle complex (NC) of the TTSS, which shows broad similarity to the flagellar basa

250 15 produced lower levels of effectors of the TTSS-1.

251 BipC was postulated as one of the TTSS-3 effector proteins, but its role in the pathogenes

252 rtN is not involved in the repression of the TTSS.

253 t forms the protruding needle complex of the TTSS.

254 g ExsA and allowing for transcription of the TTSS.

255 rV is an important structural protein of the TTSS.

256 fluences virulence beyond its effects on the TTSS.

257 N gene in wild-type PAK had no effect on the TTSS; thus, PrtN is not involved in the repression of th

258 In particular, the TTSS effector protein YopJ, which inhibits production of

259 ich does not carry curli genes, requires the TTSS for pellicle formation.

260 rtR gene but not by a prtN gene restored the TTSS function.

261 Since the TTSS, but not the cellulose synthase subunit, is require

262 Together, our data suggest that the TTSS is involved in the increased virulence of a B. bron

263 We found that the TTSS is required for EHEC colonization and attaching and

264 We hypothesize that the TTSS present in some pathogenic strains of non-O1, non-O

265 ith wild-type infection, suggesting that the TTSS was involved.

266 pparatus genes, BteA is secreted through the TTSS of B. bronchiseptica, it is required for cytotoxici

267 ) host cell contact is signalled through the TTSS via helical changes in the needle that are signific

268 ye infections and in cytotoxicity due to the TTSS effector ExoU.

269 t transcriptional changes in response to the TTSS effector proteins AvrPto and AvrPtoB, both of which

270 at of RB50 was partially attributable to the TTSS.

271 Most proteins destined to travel the TTSS pathway possess at least two domains that specifica

272 pathogens to elicit an HR dependent upon the TTSS and the effector HopPsyA.

273 dings suggest that B. bronchiseptica use the TTSS to rapidly drive respiratory DCs to secondary lymph

274 edly in levels of protein secreted using the TTSS and this study has confirmed that a high secretion

275 ecreted into the culture supernatant via the TTSS and that it is delivered into the cytoplasm of Int-

276 tor domain of the Xcv AvrBs2 protein via the TTSS of P. syringae.

277 III chaperones (TTCs) to be secreted via the TTSS.

278 re and translocated into plant cells via the TTSS.

279 ability to secrete AvrB1 in culture via the TTSS.

280 e of this study was to determine whether the TTSS genotype is a useful prognostic marker of P. aerugi

281 suppressive cytokine IL-10 compared with the TTSS mutant bacteria.

282 Without the TTSS, these pathogens cannot defeat basal defenses, grow

283 Pathogenic Yersinia species require this TTSS to survive and replicate within lymphoid tissues of

284 es did not form at 36 degrees C, even though TTSS genes were expressed at this temperature.

285 lished data show that ExoU and ExoT, the two TTSS effectors encoded by strain PA103, each confer viru

286 central component of Salmonella typhimurium TTSS, the needle complex, and its assembly precursor, th

287 -binding domains, the Salmonella typhimurium TTSS-secreted proteins SptP and SopE are no longer targe

288 xoU are absent in the DeltartsM strain under TTSS-inducing conditions.

289 However, exclusion of uningested TTSS-expressing Y. pestis with gentamicin revealed that

290 racellular diarrhoeagenic pathogen that uses TTSS to induce actin polymerization and colonizes the in

291 r wild-type PA103, retS mutants, and various TTSS mutants after infection with approximately 10(6) CF

292 stological experiments with retS and various TTSS mutants showed that ring opacification required Exo

293 When TTSS needles were sheared from the Shigella surface, Ipa

294 as surface determinants not associated with TTSS.

295 rones and their frequent colocalization with TTSS effectors.

296 nchiseptica compared with mice infected with TTSS mutant bacteria.

297 ancestral' flagellar secretion signal within TTSS-exported proteins that is revealed in the absence o

298 genetic screen to functionally identify Xcv TTSS effectors.

299 However, the exact role of the Ysa TTSS is unclear.

300 lement in the regulatory cascade for the Ysa TTSS.