ライフサイエンスコーパス: UAA

1 UAAs are incorporated with high specificity, and functio

2 nsferase and either wild type Leu-tRNALeu-4 (UAA) or mutant Leu-tRNALeu-4 (CUA) are each 0.4 +/- 0.2

3 l mRNA encoding a tetrapeptide followed by a UAA stop codon and report that initiation factors eIF3,

4 ibited UAA-specific suppressions caused by a UAA-decoding mutant tRNA-Gln (SLT3).

5 GAs in an open reading frame terminated by a UAA.

6 r RF1, tRNA and a messenger RNA containing a UAA stop codon, at 3.2 A resolution.

7 We found that introduction of a UAA stop codon in trpE resulted in a substantial reducti

8 ion, we have mutated the UGA stop codon to a UAA stop codon and to three sense codons that allow cons

9 nd with release factor RF2, in response to a UAA stop codon, solved at 3 A resolution.

10 ny genetically encoded unnatural amino acid (UAA) can be used as a small-molecule attenuator or activ

11 a photo-crosslinkable unnatural amino acid (UAA) cotranslationally incorporated into the parent poly

12 netically incorporated unnatural amino acid (UAA) technologies are powerful tools that are greatly en

13 coding a photoreactive unnatural amino acid (UAA).

14 n biosynthesis through unnatural amino acid (UAA*)-mediated suppression of genome-encoded blank codon

15 bility to incorporate unnatural amino acids (UAA) into proteins in a site specific manner can vastly

16 ode photocrosslinking unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into 75 different positions in hSERT.

17 ific incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into proteins in living cells relies on an enginee

18 cifically incorporate unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into proteins is a powerful tool in protein engine

19 ific incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into proteins is a valuable tool for studying stru

20 bles incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into specific sites on the virus capsid.

21 yet unaddressed with unnatural amino acids (UAAs) is whether they can improve the activity of an enz

22 e genetic encoding of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) to overcome this limitation for proteins.

23 n of approximately 70 unnatural amino acids (UAAs) to the genetic codes of Escherichia coli, yeast, a

24 Here, we show that unnatural amino acids (UAAs) with orthogonal chemical reactivity can be used to

25 Fluorescent unnatural amino acids (UAAs), when genetically incorporated into proteins, can

26 After UAA, the mean ratio of EMG-GG to DP decreased to 23% of

27 ug activator nitroreductase activity with an UAA over that of the native active site and a >2.3-fold

28 ompetent to terminate translation at UAG and UAA codons, that ribosomes become less efficient at sele

29 ation terminates more efficiently at UAG and UAA than at UGA.

30 ecies that recognize the stop codons UAG and UAA, and ten sense codons.

31 If so, upper-airway anesthesia (UAA) should reduce mechanoreceptor output and therefore

32 red and allowed us to assign most alleles as UAA Allelic differences are primarily located in alpha1

33 tified the insertion of Gln, Tyr, and Lys at UAA and UAG, whereas Trp, Arg, and Cys were inserted at

34 the eRF3 requirement for peptide release at UAA and UAG codons, but not UGA codons.

35 litated efficient translation termination at UAA and UAG codons but not at the UGA codon.

36 ro and in vivo of terminating translation at UAA/UAG codons.

37 nous readthrough, namely Gln, Lys, or Tyr at UAA or UAG PTCs and Trp, Arg, or Cys at UGA PTCs.

38 Incorporation of an azido-UAA enabled site-specific attachment of a cyclic-RGD pep

39 Before UAA, the phasic EMG-GG was linearly related to the defle

40 The full-length eRF1 generated by UAA read-through was present at sub-wild-type levels.

41 systematic study with a variety of clickable UAAs and explored their potential for high-resolution si

42 no evidence to support claims that the codon UAA codes for Tyr in the Platyhelminthes rather than the

43 d glutamine (CAA) to an in-frame stop codon (UAA).

44 res the decoding of one of three stop codons UAA, UAG or UGA by the eukaryotic release factor eRF1.

45 on is signaled by any one of the stop codons UAA, UAG, and UGA moving into the ribosomal A site.

46 of three universally conserved stop codons: UAA, UAG or UGA.

47 ced efficiency of termination on the cognate UAA codon.

48 ssitate recognition of only the conventional UAA and UAG termination codons.

49 We demonstrate UAA incorporation by using yeast phenylalanine frameshif

50 tate the incorporation of multiple, distinct UAAs into proteins.

51 premature termination codons (PTCs), either UAA, UAG, or UGA.

52 e tRNA and tRNA-Synthetase pairs that enable UAAs incorporation, for use in mammalian systems.

53 we validated the utility of these new (19)F-UAAs as probes for fluorine NMR studies of protein struc

54 structurally related fluorinated UAAs ((19)F-UAAs).

55 low for incorporation of the family of (19)F-UAAs.

56 encodable and polarity-sensitive fluorescent UAA, has been developed.

57 f optically pure L-enantiomer of fluorescent UAAs is crucial for their effective application in live

58 a family of structurally related fluorinated UAAs ((19)F-UAAs).

59 la G73), which has been used extensively for UAA incorporation in Xenopus oocytes.

60 that UAA-NC1 also was recently derived from UAA and translocated from MHC.

61 Another nonclassical class I gene (UAA-NC1) was detected that is linked neither to MHC nor

62 estic ducks, we cloned and sequenced genomic UAA-TAP2 fragments from all mallards, which matched tran

63 reas the predominantly expressed MHC class I UAA is not.

64 shark species showed that classical class I (UAA) and class II genes are genetically linked.

65 is one predominantly expressed MHC class I, UAA, although they have five MHC class I genes in the co

66 RS) must be modified in order to incorporate UAAs into proteins.

67 on is a unique methodology for incorporating UAAs in response to quadruplet codons, but currently, it

68 However, among these only C1054U inhibited UAA-specific suppressions caused by a UAA-decoding mutan

69 Many tRNA(Leu)UAA genes from plastids contain a group I intron.

70 he phylogenetic distribution of the tRNA(Leu)UAA intron follows the clustering of rRNA sequences, bei

71 ur data support the notion that the tRNA(Leu)UAA intron was inherited by cyanobacteria and plastids t

72 ary structural similarities between tRNA(Leu)UAA introns found in strains of the cyanobacterium Micro

73 oes with other known cyanobacterial tRNA(Leu)UAA introns.

74 nterrupt the anticodon loop of the tRNA(Leu)(UAA) gene in a bacterium belonging to the gamma-subdivis

75 teria, and the first instance of a tRNA(Leu)(UAA) group I intron to be found in a group of bacteria o

76 ssing of the genes tRNA(Thr)(UGU), tRNA(Leu)(UAA), and tRNA(Phe) (GAA) therefore attributes the seemi

77 tion of proline analogs and other N-modified UAAs into proteins in E. coli.

78 ll ultimately lead to the appearance of more UAA-charged tRNA.

79 Most UAA alleles have unique residues in the cleft predicting

80 aining the mdx premature stop codon mutation UAA (A), which is also the most efficient translational

81 , and many of these are followed with nearby UAA or UGA codons.

82 Neither UAA nor UAG mutations, examined at the same codon positi

83 the need to generate new UaaRSs for many new UAAs.

84 ibility of UAA technology and the use of new UAAs in proteins.

85 ecific suppression of amber (UAG) and ochre (UAA) codons, respectively.

86 hich enhanced suppression by the weak ochre (UAA) suppressor tRNA(Ser) SUQ5.

87 this work will increase the accessibility of UAA technology and the use of new UAAs in proteins.

88 A major limitation to the amount of UAA-containing proteins that can be expressed in the cel

89 expressed in the cell is the availability of UAA-charged orthogonal suppressor tRNA.

90 st this hypothesis, we studied the effect of UAA on the relationship between the phasic activity of t

91 fect, but in neither case was readthrough of UAA or UAG observed.

92 While dozens of UAAs have been successfully introduced into proteins exp

93 rotein, via introducing the novel R group of UAAs, that are genetically encoded in the protein's prim

94 ent to which they allow for incorporation of UAAs into protein) and fidelity (the extent to which the

95 he first demonstrations of successful use of UAAs in generating a novel material.

96 codon, while Euplotes species recognize only UAA and UAG as stop codons.

97 f expression when UGA was replaced by UAG or UAA and the appropriate suppressor was present.

98 he natural tnaC stop codon, UGA, with UAG or UAA in a tnaC-stop codon-tnaA'-'lacZ reporter construct.

99 However, when UAG or UAA replaced UGA, the induced level of expression was al

100 Introducing UAG or UAA stop codons rather than the normal tnaC UGA stop cod

101 en the UGA stop codon was replaced by UAG or UAA, respectively, consistent with the finding that in E

102 reater translational readthrough than UAG or UAA.

103 Insertion of a UGA or UAA codon into the coding region of luciferase abolished

104 te-of-the-art measurements compared to other UAAs.

105 Ribosomes encountering premature UAA or UGA codons in the CAN1 mRNA fail to release and,

106 erine missense substitution at the premature UAA codon.

107 ted, closely linked to a class I pseudogene (UAA-NC2); this region probably resulted from a recent du

108 single location can be sampled very quickly, UAAs can be implemented to improve enzyme active sites a

109 that use the standard genetic code recognize UAA, UAG, and UGA as stop codons, whereas variant code s

110 siae domains 2 and 3 (Eo/Sc eRF1) recognized UAA and UAG, but not UGA, as stop codons.

111 rrently limited to incorporation of a single UAA in response to a stop codon, which is known as nonse

112 s in Escherichia coli MG1655 with synonymous UAA codons, which permitted the deletion of release fact

113 s I genes in the complex, arranged TAP1-TAP2-UAA-UBA-UCA-UDA-UEA The UAA gene, situated proximal to t

114 of sequence similarity to UAA suggests that UAA-NC1 also was recently derived from UAA and transloca

115 Insertion of GFP after the UAA-stop was just as effective in increasing Sec inserti

116 orthogonal to the host cell, to deliver the UAA of choice in response to a unique nonsense or frames

117 In contrast, when pairing the UAA-containing GluN1 subunit with the GluN2A subunit, li

118 such as the T-loop, the 11-nt receptor, the UAA/GAN and the G-ribo motifs.

119 led a new RNA structural element, termed the UAA/GAN motif.

120 s restored to the UGA mutant, but not to the UAA mutant, upon insertion of the PhGPx 3' UTR.

121 , arranged TAP1-TAP2-UAA-UBA-UCA-UDA-UEA The UAA gene, situated proximal to the TAP2 gene, is express

122 ate amber suppressing tRNAs charged with the UAA.

123 These UAAs represent a wide range of structures and functions

124 site-specifically incorporated two and three UAAs simultaneously into a neuroreceptor expressed in vi

125 mine whether expressed alleles correspond to UAA adjacent to TAP2 as in domestic ducks, we cloned and

126 etected that is linked neither to MHC nor to UAA-NC2; its high level of sequence similarity to UAA su

127 ng of the RF1-specific UAG codon relative to UAA, the universal stop codon, compared with the wild ty

128 C2; its high level of sequence similarity to UAA suggests that UAA-NC1 also was recently derived from

129 ationships based on the chloroplast 5'-trnL (UAA)-trnF(GAA) region and estimated divergence times bas

130 oil: seed oil blends using the plastid trnL (UAA) intron barcode.

131 NA), the LEAFY exon 3 (nrDNA), and the trnL((UAA)) P6 loop (cpDNA).

132 fected messenger RNAs, with the loss of trnL-UAA being particularly severe.

133 sociated with the group I intron in pre-trnL-UAA and group II introns in the ndhA and ycf3 pre-mRNAs.

134 cognizes each of the three stop codons (UAG, UAA, and UGA) and facilitates release of the nascent pol

135 Redefinition of UAG, UAA and UGA to specify a standard amino acid occurs in r

136 cherichia coli glutamine tRNA, suppress UAG, UAA and UGA termination codons, respectively, in a repor

137 factor to one of the three stop codons (UGA, UAA or UAG) results in the termination of protein synthe

138 C-142b, CFC-114, CFC-11, CFC-113) for urban (UAA), rural/remote (RAA), and landfill (LAA) ambient air

139 usly showed domestic ducks predominantly use UAA, one of five MHC class I genes, but whether biased e

140 erties of fluorescent dyes linked to various UAAs for smFRET measurements.

141 was UAG and 3-fold when this stop codon was UAA; basal level expression was reduced by 50% in the co

142 ugh genetic defects at the promoter, whereas UAA and UDA have functionally equivalent promoters.

143 In recent years UAAs have been incorporated in a site-specific manner in