ライフサイエンスコーパス: West Nile virus

1 ous RNA viruses (e.g., influenza A virus and West Nile virus).

2 l as diagnostic testing for Dengue fever and West Nile virus.

3 ans, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and West Nile virus.

4 rovide new insights into the pathogenesis of West Nile virus.

5 ed enhanced susceptibility to infection with West Nile virus.

6 acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and West Nile virus.

7 rtality in mice infected with chikungunya or West Nile virus.

8 vine viral diarrhea virus, dengue virus, and West Nile virus.

9 es jamaicensis), and the recent emergence of West Nile virus.

10 h as dengue fever, malaria, chikungunya, and West Nile virus.

11 esions reported in cases of Dengue fever and West Nile virus.

12 ated chimeric vaccine for protection against West Nile virus.

13 of flaviviruses, including dengue virus and West Nile virus.

14 cked virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses to West Nile virus.

15 ther emerging flaviviral infections, such as West Nile virus.

16 st other flaviviruses, such as Zika virus or West Nile virus.

17 est Nile virus and an sfRNA-deficient mutant West Nile virus.

18 bility to infection by influenza A virus and West Nile virus.

19 HIV-1, Hepatitis C virus, Dengue virus, and West Nile virus.

20 other known flaviviruses such as dengue and West Nile viruses.

21 viviruses, such as Japanese encephalitis and West Nile viruses.

22 ublications to probe fusion of influenza and West Nile viruses.

23 lavivirus like the dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile viruses.

24 We illustrate the approach with West Nile virus, a globally-spreading zoonotic arbovirus

25 In contrast to the parental West Nile virus, a neutralization escape variant failed

26 s River virus, but not in mice infected with West Nile virus-a flavivirus.

27 nzootic (wildlife) cycles, as in the case of West Nile virus accompanying geographic expansion into t

28 We apply this framework to the spread of the West Nile virus across North America, an important recen

29 ve been combined into a single construct and West Nile virus added to the resultant resource.

30 disease outbreaks in North America caused by West Nile virus, an explosive, highly virulent mosquito-

31 , we infected mosquitoes with the flavivirus West Nile virus and an sfRNA-deficient mutant West Nile

32 es evaluated in humans in settings including West Nile virus and HIV infection and in pre-exposure pr

33 luence the risk of zoonotic diseases such as West Nile Virus and Lyme disease.

34 ons against divergent RNA viruses, including West Nile virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.

35 Culex pipiens is the mosquito that vectors West Nile Virus and other human-pathogenic flavivruses i

36 important mosquito vector of viruses such as West Nile virus and St.

37 able to reduce the replication of infectious West Nile virus and yellow fever virus in cell culture w

38 A viruses (Sindbis virus, hepatitis C virus, West Nile virus, and dengue virus), DNA viruses (vaccini

39 ro and in vivo, including influenza viruses, West Nile virus, and dengue virus.

40 ous human pathogens, including dengue virus, West Nile virus, and hepatitis C virus.

41 illustrated by bluetongue, Lyme disease, and West Nile virus, and it is also emerging, as illustrated

42 velope protein (E) of dengue viruses (DENV), West Nile virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) a

43 light the clinical manifestations of rabies, West Nile virus, and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus

44 of live viruses as follows: La Crosse virus, West Nile virus, and Sendai virus.

45 S5 proteins of GBV-C, DV, hepatitis C virus, West Nile virus, and yellow fever virus (YFV; vaccine st

46 'nyong-nyong virus, Rift Valley fever virus, West Nile virus, and yellow fever virus), 8 bacteria (Ba

47 ow fever, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile viruses, and vaccination with an inactivated v

48 ow fever, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile viruses, and vaccination with an inactivated w

49 including tick-borne encephalitis virus and West Nile virus, antagonize IFN-I signaling by inhibitin

50 lowing adult mosquito control operations for West Nile virus appear negligible.

51 Neuroinvasive viruses such as West Nile virus are able to infect neurons and cause sev

52 s like dengue virus, yellow fever virus, and West Nile virus are enveloped particles spread by mosqui

53 at all serotypes of dengue virus, as well as West Nile virus, are highly sensitive to both methotrexa

54 Using West Nile virus as a model, we demonstrate that 5'-3' DA

55 acting on the vector index may help prevent West Nile virus-associated illness.

56 RepliVax-TBE based on a West Nile virus backbone (RV-WN/TBE) grew more efficient

57 uding hepatitis C virus, yellow fever virus, West Nile virus, chikungunya virus, Venezuelan equine en

58 West Nile virus continues to cause large outbreaks in th

59 was little evidence that scaly-leg mites or West Nile virus contributed to recent declines in adult

60 Determining how West Nile virus crosses the blood-brain barrier is criti

61 iruses of the family Flaviviridae, including West Nile virus, dengue virus, and hepatitis C virus, as

62 culture by pathogenic RNA viruses, including West Nile virus, dengue virus, hepatitis C virus, influe

63 Here, by creating a panel of West Nile virus-dengue virus (WNV-DENV) NS1 chimeras and

64 gue; and mosquito-borne dengue, malaria, and West Nile virus disease, include (a) selection of spatia

65 dine residues in the envelope (E) protein of West Nile virus during pH-dependent entry into cells.

66 y different viruses, including dengue virus, West Nile virus, Ebola virus, Marburg virus, and Zika vi

67 iabetes is associated with increased risk of West Nile virus encephalitis (WNVE).

68 We report here a case of fatal West Nile virus encephalitis confounded by the presence

69 ion, resulting in enhanced susceptibility to West Nile virus encephalitis in mice.

70 ages the highly conserved fusion loop of the West Nile virus envelope glycoprotein.

71 irus hemagglutinin (a "class I" fusogen) and West Nile virus envelope protein ("class II").

72 loop, at the distal end of domain II of the West Nile virus envelope protein.

73 Large West Nile virus epidemics in Dallas County begin early a

74 gressive declines over recent years, in 2012 West Nile virus epidemics resurged nationwide, with the

75 Our data demonstrate that an intact West Nile virus fusion loop is critical for virulence, a

76 In North America, West Nile virus has and will remain a formidable clinica

77 Malaria has re-emerged in Greece, and West Nile virus has emerged throughout parts of eastern

78 e its introduction in North America in 1999, West Nile virus has produced the 3 largest arboviral neu

79 What do Zika, Dengue and West Nile viruses have in common?

80 e, including dengue, Zika, yellow fever, and West Nile virus, identifies conserved regions modified b

81 nized E16 (hE16) monoclonal antibody against West Nile virus in animals.

82 ines the infection and transmission rates of West Nile virus in Culex pipiens mosquitoes.

83 Lessons from the outbreaks of West Nile virus in North America and chikungunya in the

84 indices and following geospatial patterns of West Nile virus in prior years.

85 such as witnessed with Zika virus (ZIKV) or West Nile virus in the Americas.

86 ral property of neurotropic flaviviruses, as West Nile virus indiscriminately killed both tumor and n

87 lly, capsid protein of Dengue virus, but not West Nile virus, induced ribosomal stress and apoptosis.

88 index (an estimate of the average number of West Nile virus-infected mosquitoes per trap-night).

89 Furthermore, West Nile virus-infected Sel K(-/-) mice demonstrated si

90 l-like receptors (TLRs) and cytokines during West Nile virus infection and define a role for TLR-medi

91 rulent Semliki Forest virus (SFV) as well as West Nile virus infection and demonstrate rapid and robu

92 included numbers of residents diagnosed with West Nile virus infection between May 30, 2012, and Dece

93 After resolution of West Nile virus infection in mice, we demonstrate that L

94 Using a mouse model of West Nile virus infection, we examined the role of Tregs

95 AR signaling showed decreased survival after West Nile virus infection.

96 targeting this region is efficacious against West Nile virus infection.

97 West Nile virus infections were performed, and Sel K(-/-

98 sproportionately affecting the elderly, like West Nile virus, influenza virus, norovirus, or other em

99 West Nile virus is an emerging pathogen that can cause f

100 West Nile virus is an emerging virus whose virulence is

101 We demonstrate that the dispersal of West Nile virus is greater and far more variable than pr

102 West Nile virus is now endemic throughout the contiguous

103 inst dengue and related flaviviruses such as West Nile virus is the viral serine protease NS2B-NS3.

104 y relevant members of the flavivirus family: West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and dengue

105 ncluding diffusive spread from an epicentre (West Nile virus), jump dispersal on a network (foot-and-

106 The crystal structure of West Nile virus MTase in complex with SIN inhibitor at 2

107 ggest that ICAM-1 plays an important role in West Nile virus neuroinvasion and that targeting ICAM-1

108 he three N-linked glycosylation sites in the West Nile virus NS1 protein completely attenuates mouse

109 pes for protective antibody 22NS1, targeting West Nile Virus NS1, could potentially be valuable in un

110 cines against flaviviruses (FVs) such as the West Nile virus or the dengue virus (DENV).

111 exposed to any of the four dengue viruses or West Nile virus, or vaccinated against yellow fever viru

112 coordinating neuroinflammation, restricting West Nile virus pathogenesis in neurons.

113 73 cases of WNND, 225 of West Nile fever, 17 West Nile virus-positive blood donors, and 19 deaths in

114 gh resolution X-ray cocrystal structure with West Nile virus protease provide a basis for the design

115 a complex formed during the interaction of a West Nile virus RNA stem loop structure with the human T

116 th the 24-nucleotide DNA probes based on the West Nile virus sequence (Kunjin strain).

117 vated vaccinia virus or H(2)O(2)-inactivated West Nile virus showed high virus-specific neutralizing

118 ce the pathogens responsible for filariasis, West Nile virus, St.

119 ss-react with the other flaviviruses tested (West Nile virus, St.

120 ivo properties of previously uncharacterized West Nile virus strains and West Nile-like viruses.

121 Here, we assess the potential for West Nile virus strains encoding mutations in the hE16 e

122 As part of West Nile virus surveillance programs in Rhode Island an

123 There was no evidence of West Nile virus, T. gondii, or Brucella spp. in any of t

124 ielded a significant reduction of dengue and West Nile virus titers in cell-based assays of virus rep

125 the presence of morbillivirus, herpesvirus, West Nile virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and Brucella spp.

126 uch as eastern equine encephalitis virus and West Nile virus, underscore the need for research aimed

127 A chimeric live attenuated West Nile virus vaccine, rWN/DEN4Delta30, was shown to b

128 During the 11 years since West Nile virus was first identified in Dallas, the log-

129 nt identifies current and future hotspots of West Nile virus where mitigation efforts should be focus

130 West Nile virus, which is transmitted by Culex mosquitoe

131 demonstrate single-tube duplex detection of West Nile virus (WNV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) RNA.

132 West Nile virus (WNV) and Dengue virus (DENV) are import

133 West Nile virus (WNV) and dengue virus (DENV) are mosqui

134 gainst two medically important flaviviruses, West Nile virus (WNV) and dengue virus (DENV), we tested

135 ical sequelae are associated with persistent West Nile virus (WNV) and neuropathology, we developed a

136 Although West Nile virus (WNV) and other arthropod-borne viruses

137 sid antigens of the viral zoonotic pathogens West Nile virus (WNV) and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV)

138 Although infections with "natural" West Nile virus (WNV) and the chimeric W956IC WNV infect

139 ven the rapid spread of flaviviruses such as West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus, it is critical tha

140 c ISGs and regulatory pathways that restrict West Nile virus (WNV) are not defined.

141 decreased the replication of the flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV) as well as that of other types of

142 West Nile virus (WNV) can cause severe human neurologica

143 e transfer of immune plasma against DENV and West Nile virus (WNV) can enhance Zika virus (ZIKV) infe

144 West Nile virus (WNV) causes an acute infection that is

145 West Nile virus (WNV) causes asymptomatic infection in m

146 West Nile virus (WNV) causes disease in approximately 20

147 V infection in ex vivo CNS tissue.IMPORTANCE West Nile virus (WNV) causes substantial morbidity and m

148 ells by the RNA virus dengue virus (DENV) or West Nile virus (WNV) does not result in the production

149 cleavage by furin of prM on partially mature West Nile virus (WNV) during virus entry contributes to

150 The arthropod-borne West Nile virus (WNV) emerged in New York State in 1999

151 In December 2010, a case of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis occurring in a kidney

152 Il22(-/-) mice were more resistant to lethal West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis, but had similar vira

153 Using a mouse model of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis, we show that RIPK3 r

154 rologic control within the CNS during murine West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis.

155 ts inflammation within the CNS during murine West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis.

156 The West Nile Virus (WNV) envelope protein, E, promotes memb

157 e United States experienced one of its worst West Nile virus (WNV) epidemics, reporting 5,387 human c

158 Having previously reported a series of West Nile virus (WNV) epitopes that are naturally presen

159 nts who survive neuroinvasive infection with West Nile virus (WNV) exhibit chronic cognitive sequelae

160 The 3'-terminal nucleotides (nt) of West Nile virus (WNV) genomic RNA form a penultimate 16-

161 West Nile virus (WNV) has become established across the

162 During acute infection, West Nile virus (WNV) has been reported to infect a vari

163 e its introduction to North America in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has had devastating impacts on nat

164 West Nile virus (WNV) has recently emerged in North Amer

165 e first introduced to North America in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has spread rapidly across the cont

166 introduction in New York City, NY, in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has spread to all 48 contiguous st

167 introduction in New York City, NY, in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has spread to all 48 contiguous st

168 Over the past decade, West Nile virus (WNV) has spread to all 48 of the lower

169 Recent studies with West Nile virus (WNV) have shown that type I IFN is esse

170 ibution of the ISG viperin to the control of West Nile virus (WNV) in genetically deficient cells and

171 ay a role in immune control and clearance of West Nile virus (WNV) in murine models.

172 The emergence of the vector-borne West Nile virus (WNV) in North America in 1999 represent

173 ) of the United States has been a hotspot of West Nile virus (WNV) incidence since 2002.

174 gan transplant recipients with donor-derived West Nile virus (WNV) infection (encephalitis 3, asympto

175 ntibody isolated from a patient, neutralizes West Nile virus (WNV) infection at a postattachment stag

176 I3K signaling is critical for the control of West Nile virus (WNV) infection by regulating type I IFN

177 The dynamics of the early stages of West Nile virus (WNV) infection can be assessed by follo

178 West Nile virus (WNV) infection causes a life-threatenin

179 The severity of West Nile virus (WNV) infection in immunocompetent anima

180 beta downstream of RLR recognition restricts West Nile virus (WNV) infection in many cell types, wher

181 tive immune responses is required to control West Nile virus (WNV) infection in peripheral and centra

182 West Nile virus (WNV) infection leads to rapid and susta

183 West Nile virus (WNV) infection prevents pY-STAT1 althou

184 Protection against West Nile virus (WNV) infection requires rapid viral sen

185 ents with a clinical picture consistent with West Nile virus (WNV) infection, which was defined as no

186 cial role of CD8(+) T cells in recovery from West Nile virus (WNV) infection.

187 rogation of Sema7A protects mice from lethal West Nile virus (WNV) infection.

188 unity and play a vital role in recovery from West Nile virus (WNV) infection.

189 acute Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) infections is the premembrane/enve

190 s, chimeric viruses were generated using the West Nile virus (WNV) infectious clone, into which EIIIs

191 We report the generation of West Nile virus (WNV) infectious clones for the pathogen

192 The introduction of West Nile virus (WNV) into North America in 1999 is a cl

193 A paradigmatic case is the introduction of West Nile virus (WNV) into North America in 1999.

194 West Nile virus (WNV) is a flavivirus that causes mening

195 West Nile virus (WNV) is a major cause of mosquito-borne

196 West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus tha

197 West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus tha

198 West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivir

199 West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus that c

200 West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus that c

201 West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus that h

202 West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus that i

203 West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus transm

204 West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic ssRNA flavivirus

205 West Nile virus (WNV) is a prototypical emerging virus f

206 West Nile virus (WNV) is a re-emerging pathogen and the

207 West Nile virus (WNV) is a re-emerging pathogen responsi

208 West Nile virus (WNV) is a RNA virus of the family Flavi

209 We have previously shown that West Nile virus (WNV) is able to inhibit Toll-like recep

210 West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging cause of meningitis

211 West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging pathogen that is no

212 West Nile virus (WNV) is an enveloped positive-stranded

213 West Nile Virus (WNV) is endemic in Israel and has been

214 West Nile virus (WNV) is endemic in the United States an

215 West Nile virus (WNV) is now endemic in the continental

216 West Nile virus (WNV) is now endemic in the United State

217 The mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV) is responsible for outbreaks of vi

218 West Nile virus (WNV) is similar to other RNA viruses in

219 West Nile virus (WNV) is the most common arthropod-borne

220 West Nile virus (WNV) is the most important cause of epi

221 West Nile virus (WNV) is the most important cause of epi

222 West Nile virus (WNV) is the most important cause of mos

223 West Nile virus (WNV) is the most widely distributed of

224 West Nile virus (WNV) is the most-common cause of mosqui

225 West Nile virus (WNV) is transmitted to vertebrate hosts

226 Here, we report genetic interactions of West Nile virus (WNV) methyltransferase with the RdRp an

227 Immunopathogenesis studies employing West Nile virus (WNV) mice model are important for the d

228 Here we show that a West Nile virus (WNV) mutant (E218A) that lacks 2'-O MTa

229 West Nile virus (WNV) nonstructural (NS) 4B-P38G mutant

230 ions 10 and 11 from dengue virus (DENV) into West Nile virus (WNV) NS1 (RQ10NK) changed its relative

231 The dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile Virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 proteases are attractive

232 ical determinants of distinct pathologies of West Nile virus (WNV) NY99 (pathogenic) and WNV Eg101 (n

233 mination, and lethality after infection with West Nile virus (WNV) or several other pathogenic viruse

234 alleles, we investigated how IRF5 modulates West Nile virus (WNV) pathogenesis and host immune respo

235 Apoptosis is an important mechanism of West Nile virus (WNV) pathogenesis within the central ne

236 A modified replicon encoding West Nile virus (WNV) premembrane and envelope proteins

237 election on RNA virus genomes, we quantified West Nile virus (WNV) quasispecies diversity after passa

238 West Nile virus (WNV) recently became endemic in the Uni

239 West Nile virus (WNV) remains an important public health

240 West Nile virus (WNV) replicates in the skin; however, c

241 ted that type I interferon (IFN-I) restricts West Nile virus (WNV) replication and pathogenesis in pe

242 e have investigated the role of autophagy in West Nile virus (WNV) replication.

243 luorescent protein (GFP) reporter-expressing West Nile virus (WNV) replicon.

244 c evaluation of paired mutated CS encoded in West Nile virus (WNV) replicons, we identified variants

245 Detection of West Nile virus (WNV) RNA in urine has been anecdotally

246 West Nile virus (WNV) RNA was demonstrated in 5 (20%) of

247 While a West Nile virus (WNV) subgenomic RNA could readily be pa

248 of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted West Nile virus (WNV) T-cell ligands and characterizatio

249 The introduction and rapid spread of West Nile virus (WNV) throughout the continental United

250 ChimeriVax-WN02 is a novel live-attenuated West Nile virus (WNV) vaccine containing modified WNV pr

251 ng host immunity against the live attenuated West Nile virus (WNV) vaccine strain, the nonstructural

252 Several viable West Nile virus (WNV) variants with chimeric E proteins

253 will affect the abundance and seasonality of West Nile virus (WNV) vectors, altering the risk of viru

254 this epitope fail to recognize fully mature West Nile virus (WNV) virions and accordingly neutralize

255 nonstructural NS3 multifunctional protein of West Nile virus (WNV) with an N-terminal serine proteina

256 14 subjects with a history of infection with West Nile virus (WNV), (ii) 34 healthy subjects of diffe

257 West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, has

258 West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne, single-stranded

259 West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-transmitted single-str

260 ct of this deficiency on the pathogenesis of West Nile virus (WNV), a neurotropic flavivirus that req

261 dently generated CMV-Cre Irf5fl/fl mice with West Nile virus (WNV), a pathogenic neurotropic flavivir

262 West Nile virus (WNV), an emerging mosquito-borne flaviv

263 optimal priming of adaptive immunity against West Nile virus (WNV), an emerging vector-borne virus, d

264 ous system (CNS) that restricts infection by West Nile virus (WNV), an encephalitic flavivirus of glo

265 ts significance as an antiviral gene against West Nile virus (WNV), an encephalitic flavivirus, in ce

266 zed the antiviral activity of Ifitm3 against West Nile virus (WNV), an encephalitic flavivirus, using

267 NV, as well as against a related flavivirus, West Nile virus (WNV), and an alphavirus, Sindbis virus

268 d from tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (

269 including dengue viruses (DENV-1 to DENV-4), West Nile virus (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (

270 West Nile virus (WNV), and related flaviviruses such as

271 in, we demonstrate that dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), and yellow fever virus (YFV) NS1

272 flaviviruses, including dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Zika virus (ZIKV), highlight

273 virus, yellow fever virus, dengue virus, and West Nile virus (WNV), are a serious concern for human h

274 laviviruses, such as dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV), are endemic.

275 t the closely related dengue virus (DENV) or West Nile virus (WNV), can efficiently infect key placen

276 After challenge with West Nile virus (WNV), caspase-12-deficient mice had gre

277 Over the past decade, West Nile virus (WNV), Dengue virus (DENV), and Chikungu

278 E33 is sensitive to the maturation state of West Nile virus (WNV), despite its recognition of an acc

279 ghly cytopathic neurotropic viruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), however, require the parenchymal

280 Enveloped RNA viruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), invade the CNS and cause encephal

281 gence of mosquito-borne RNA viruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), is facilitated by genetically com

282 ivirus (SCFV) vaccine candidate derived from West Nile virus (WNV), is intrinsically adjuvanted with

283 erpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) with influenza virus, West Nile virus (WNV), or vesicular stomatitis virus (VS

284 epresentative members of lineage one and two West Nile virus (WNV), previously was isolated from Cule

285 ow fever virus (YFV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and West Nile virus (WNV), profoundly affect human health.

286 and veterinary health as a primary vector of West Nile virus (WNV), the filarial worm Wuchereria banc

287 naturally occurring nonpathogenic strain of West Nile virus (WNV), the Kunjin strain (WNV(KUN)), rem

288 West Nile virus (WNV), the world's most widespread arbov

289 In infection due to West Nile virus (WNV), we found that expression of 2 PMN

290 s with mortality among rodents infected with West Nile virus (WNV), which suggests that this is a pri

291 Examination of cellular miRNA profiles in West Nile virus (WNV)-infected HEK293 and SK-N-MC cells

292 n that expression of the chemokine CXCL10 by West Nile virus (WNV)-infected neurons is essential for

293 onors provides opportunities for identifying West Nile virus (WNV)-infected persons before symptoms d

294 on of mutations into the structural genes of West Nile virus (WNV).

295 1 (HSV-1), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and West Nile virus (WNV).

296 de SVG9 derived from the envelope protein of West Nile virus (WNV).

297 iviral role for Ifi27l2a during infection by West Nile virus (WNV).

298 taeniorhynchus in maintaining the flavivirus West Nile virus [WNV] should it reach the islands.

299 ne viruses) such as chikungunya, dengue, and West Nile viruses, yet for reasons that are largely unkn

300 nese encephalitis virus (YF/JE), or chimeric West Nile virus (YF/WN) vaccines, followed by a secondar