ライフサイエンスコーパス: agitation

1 ex relationship among wakefulness, pain, and agitation.

2 of the beads was measured individually after agitation.

3 re placed in liquid medium or buffer without agitation.

4 adherent layer that can be removed by gentle agitation.

5 on events and critically depends on solution agitation.

6 ilation in order to reduce their anxiety and agitation.

7 ner in the presence of a constant mechanical agitation.

8 se food intake, and insufficient to decrease agitation.

9 f suicidal events, depression, or aggression/agitation.

10 reserved for short-term management of acute agitation.

11 to that of platelets stored with continuous agitation.

12 analyses in other populations found reduced agitation.

13 f sample, 15 mL of acetonitrile and 3 min of agitation.

14 20) and its dependence on concentration and agitation.

15 , it can be made to fibrillate by mechanical agitation.

16 come was the time to relapse of psychosis or agitation.

17 italized patients, a key feature of which is agitation.

18 0.002) with no differences in wakefulness or agitation.

19 ons had a significant impact specifically on agitation.

20 compared to common lift-off methods based on agitation.

21 hed and cultured in an incubator with gentle agitation.

22 n-agitation scale scores representing severe agitation (13% vs 25%) or moderate agitation (27% vs 22%

23 leep changes (28% versus 7%, P = 0.003), and agitation (24% versus 6%, P = 0.008) were more common an

24 The most common neurological findings were agitation (25%), behavioral disorders (25%), muscle weak

25 ng severe agitation (13% vs 25%) or moderate agitation (27% vs 22%) within 24 hours of initiating stu

26 Agitation (30% of subjects, 41% of events) and pain (27%

27 ied between ICUs: excessive sedation 12-38%; agitation 4-17%; poor relaxation 13-21%; poor ventilator

28 continued treatment owing to adverse events (agitation, 4; sedation, 1).

29 dure was characterized by the application of agitation after extraction to break up the emulsion (tha

30 ts with Alzheimer's disease and psychosis or agitation-aggression received open-label treatment with

31 to antipsychotic medication for psychosis or agitation-aggression, the risk of a recurrence of sympto

32 7), affective symptoms (hazard ratio=1.510), agitation/aggression (hazard ratio=1.942), mildly sympto

33 Psychosis (hazard ratio=2.007), agitation/aggression (hazard ratio=2.946), and any one c

34 d visuospatial function, less disinhibition, agitation/aggression and night-time behaviours at presen

35 line on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Agitation/Aggression domain (scale range, 0 [absence of

36 responders) showed significantly reduced NPI Agitation/Aggression scores for dextromethorphan-quinidi

37 In stage 2, NPI Agitation/Aggression scores were reduced from 5.8 to 3.8

38 In stage 1, mean NPI Agitation/Aggression scores were reduced from 7.1 to 3.8

39 e and agitation, in addition to efficacy for agitation/aggression, included reductions in the frequen

40 Agitation and addition of cellulases increased oil extra

41 n efficient approach to alleviating anxiety, agitation and adverse effects of sedative medication in

42 Agitation and aggression commonly arise in people with A

43 schizophrenia, are used to treat psychosis, agitation and aggression in Alzheimer's disease.

44 Pharmacological treatments for agitation and aggression in patients with Alzheimer's di

45 ine replacement therapy for the reduction of agitation and aggression in smokers with schizophrenia.

46 armacological approaches to the treatment of agitation and aggression in these patients.

47 agents have sufficient evidence in treating agitation and aggression to recommend use in routine cli

48 ions are most commonly prescribed to address agitation and aggression.

49 diffuse layer that can be easily removed by agitation and an inner layer that remains attached to th

50 the effect of nature-based sound therapy on agitation and anxiety on coronary artery bypass graft pa

51 compared with placebo significantly reduced agitation and caregiver distress; however, cognitive and

52 ctice Guidelines for the Management of Pain, Agitation and Delirium and from December 2010 to 2012, 3

53 the relationship between a hospital's pain, agitation and delirium order set quality, as assessed by

54 red inappropriate because of the severity of agitation and delirium.

55 Neuropsychiatric symptoms such as agitation and delusions occur commonly in elderly patien

56 from citalopram, and those with more severe agitation and greater cognitive impairment were at great

57 Dexmedetomidine can decrease emergence agitation and has an opioid-sparing effect.

58 Anxiety and agitation and memory impairment were prominent features

59 atus should be included in the assessment of agitation and nicotine replacement included in the treat

60 Agitation and psychosis are common in Alzheimer disease

61 We attempted to delay or to prevent agitation and psychosis with the use of divalproex sodiu

62 cting ICU delirium in patients with Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale Score greater than -3.

63 n Assessment Method for the ICU and Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale.

64 th expertise in guideline development, pain, agitation and sedation, delirium management, and associa

65 arch engines, related to pain and analgesia, agitation and sedation, delirium, and related clinical o

66 of this circuit abnormality are psychomotor agitation and stereotypical behaviors, which are relieve

67 emonstrated clinically relevant efficacy for agitation and was generally well tolerated.

68 Those with moderate agitation and with lower levels of cognitive impairment

69 inserted into unprocessed urine under gentle agitation and, then, removed, rinsed, and analyzed direc

70 51%) vs. its non-sonicated counterpart (LLE-agitation) and n-hexane washing.

71 of sedative exposure (wakefulness, pain, and agitation), and occurrence of iatrogenic withdrawal.

72 synchronization, unnecessary deep sedation, agitation, and an overall optimum sedation metric.

73 evere cognitive impairment, have more severe agitation, and be treated with lorazepam.

74 he least cognitive impairment, have moderate agitation, and be within the middle age range (76-82 yea

75 The guidelines included an ICU pain, agitation, and delirium care bundle designed to facilita

76 This article describes: 1) the ICU pain, agitation, and delirium care bundle in more detail, link

77 Implementation of the ICU pain, agitation, and delirium care bundle is expected to have

78 Widespread implementation of the ICU pain, agitation, and delirium care bundle is likely to result

79 The ICU pain, agitation, and delirium care bundle provides a framework

80 An ICU pain, agitation, and delirium care bundle was created to facil

81 nic polling; and 6) creation of an ICU pain, agitation, and delirium care bundle.

82 e of Critical Care Medicine's 2013 ICU Pain, Agitation, and Delirium Clinical Practice Guidelines.

83 The pain, agitation, and delirium database includes over 19,000 re

84 earches and to create and maintain the pain, agitation, and delirium database; 3) creation of a singl

85 f Critical Care Medicine has developed pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines and promoted mobility

86 The pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines include 54 evidence-b

87 The 2013 ICU pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines provide critical care

88 Implementation of the pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines taking into account c

89 o facilitate the implementation of the pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines using the evidence-ba

90 will explore relationships between the pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines, mobility recommendat

91 imize implementation of the recent ICU pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines, which has many simil

92 ed to facilitate implementation of the pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines.

93 for facilitating implementation of the pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines.

94 created to facilitate adoption of the pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines.

95 ine published a revised version of the pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines.

96 ional team model to operationalize the Pain, Agitation, and Delirium guidelines.

97 nt (ABCDEF) bundle in implementing the Pain, Agitation, and Delirium guidelines.

98 ated and interdisciplinary fashion; 2) pain, agitation, and delirium implementation strategies; and 3

99 ctice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the ICU sug

100 The management of pain, agitation, and delirium in critically ill patients can b

101 protocols for preventing and treating pain, agitation, and delirium in critically ill patients.

102 undle in more detail, linking pain, sedation/agitation, and delirium management in an integrated and

103 ential synergistic benefits of linking pain, agitation, and delirium management strategies to other e

104 Linking the ICU pain, agitation, and delirium management strategies with spont

105 critically ill patients, and it links pain, agitation, and delirium management to spontaneous awaken

106 to new guidelines for the treatment of pain, agitation, and delirium may be the best pathway toward r

107 ctice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium recommend either daily sedation

108 al signs, depression, psychosis, aggression, agitation, and dementia medication use.

109 person-centered care, on antipsychotic use, agitation, and depression in people with dementia living

110 ary outcome measures were antipsychotic use, agitation, and depression.

111 ep time, higher levels of anxiety, increased agitation, and more feelings of disembodiment and amnesi

112 houghts and behavior, depression, aggression/agitation, and nausea and to compare effects in patients

113 can meet the energy demands for aeration and agitation, and recovery of PHB synthesized from the rema

114 known about temporal patterns in anxiety and agitation, and the neurobiological basis of these rhythm

115 cific surface, the H2O content of K2CO3, and agitation, and these dependences can be rationalized bas

116 units (ICUs) requires the avoidance of pain, agitation, and unnecessary deep sedation, but these outc

117 Delusion, hallucination, agitation, anxiety, apathy, motor-disturbances, night-ti

118 extensive time and nonphysiologic levels of agitation are necessary to induce amyloid formation from

119 is work, for the first time, fully automated agitation-assisted demulsification (AAD)-DLLME integrate

120 4 units/L) at a temperature of 37 degrees C, agitation at 100 rpm and an incubation time of 10h with

121 ys onset of fibrillation (lag time on gentle agitation at 37 degrees C was prolonged by 4-fold), (iii

122 lted in a significantly greater reduction in agitation at 8 hours.

123 Patient agitation at the outset of interaction was associated wi

124 omains included pain/discomfort and sedation-agitation behaviors; sedative, analgesic, and neuromuscu

125 ents: antipsychotics for severe psychosis or agitation; benzodiazepines, particularly in the late sta

126 cells have an additional source of molecular agitation, beyond thermal motion, that increases sharply

127 o memantine trials in clinically significant agitation but post-hoc analyses in other populations fou

128 le were diffused in-channel through chemical agitation by Tween 80, also vacuum-dried within the micr

129 of mechanically brittle aggregates by sample agitation, captures the mechanism of pathological SOD1 a

130 ffusion can be observed in such systems when agitation causes inelastic collisions between particles.

131 le Alzheimer disease, clinically significant agitation (Clinical Global Impressions-Severity agitatio

132 Symptoms included agitation, confusion, myoclonus, tremor, and seizures (1

133 The Dexmedetomidine to Lessen ICU Agitation (DahLIA) study was a double-blind, placebo-con

134 an College of Critical Care Medicine's Pain, Agitation, Delirium Management Guidelines' literature da

135 n in scores on delusions, hallucinations and agitation domains of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory) and

136 l fluctuations, contributes to the molecular agitation driving random (sub)diffusive motion in the li

137 s to be useful as a rescue drug for treating agitation due to delirium in nonintubated patients in wh

138 nd (AEB, pH ~ 2.5)-to dentin with or without agitation (dynamic or static application), to investigat

139 ol (2 mg) intravenously upon the onset of an agitation episode.

140 static etching and high-frequency ultrasonic agitation etching was devoted in our case.

141 In addition, NaCl and agitation facilitated the creation of giant hybrid vesic

142 fect the extraction kinetics, such as sample agitation, fiber coating thickness, and presence of a bi

143 ure was induced at 42.5 degrees C under mild agitation for 42h.

144 UV exposure, chemical initiator, or thermal agitation for crosslinking and thus provides a nontoxic

145 Alzheimer disease and clinically significant agitation from 8 academic centers in the United States a

146 of participants experiencing a reduction in agitation from baseline to post intervention, there rema

147 ticipants with AD and clinically significant agitation from care-homes or hospitals for a double-blin

148 of participants experiencing a reduction in agitation from the pre-intervention to during interventi

149 meshes was tested by performing rapid vortex agitation (>/=3200 rpm) in LC/MS-grade solvents and by e

150 Objective assessments of pain, sedation, and agitation have been validated for use in the ICU for ass

151 Agitation (hazard ratio=3.06, 95% CI=1.89-4.93), apathy

152 n array of adverse side effects that include agitation, hostility, and overt acts of pathological agg

153 ing, especially with simultaneous mechanical agitation; however, washing in the presence of hypochlor

154 mple flow mixer based on magnetically driven agitation in a tube (MDAT) is reported.

155 mined whether memantine has a role in milder agitation in AD.

156 response to citalopram in the Citalopram for Agitation in Alzheimer Disease (CitAD) study to identify

157 The Citalopram for Agitation in Alzheimer Disease Study (CitAD) was a rando

158 Agitation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is common and asso

159 ned secondary analysis of the Citalopram for Agitation in Alzheimer's Disease study, the authors eval

160 romising application is in limiting recovery agitation in children, but even here, there remain conce

161 The use of benzodiazepines to control agitation in delirium in the last days of life is contro

162 mmonly used for off-label conditions such as agitation in dementia, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive

163 steritic olivine was subjected to rotational agitation in different seawater media for periods of day

164 fuse into giant (>1 mum) vesicles with mild agitation in dilute aqueous NaCl solutions.

165 s to evaluate the efficacy of citalopram for agitation in patients with Alzheimer disease.

166 Citalopram has been shown to improve agitation in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

167 as an adjuvant to haloperidol for persistent agitation in patients with delirium in the setting of ad

168 Memantine did not improve significant agitation in people with in moderate-to-severe AD.

169 ve nonpharmacological intervention to reduce agitation in persons with dementia in nursing homes.

170 armacological intervention that may decrease agitation in selected hospitalized delirious patients.

171 lphaSyn) aggregation and amyloidogenesis use agitation in the presence of air and/or Teflon to accele

172 modynamic responses arising from anxiety and agitation in weaning from mechanical ventilation in coro

173 cts in patients with Alzheimer's disease and agitation, in addition to efficacy for agitation/aggress

174 perior to placebo for clinically significant agitation, in patients with moderate-to-severe AD.

175 steric resistance between vesicles and, with agitation, increasing the probability of contact between

176 The results show that the agitation-induced fibrillation of apoSOD1 uses globally

177 Continued agitation initiates a sequence of instabilities of this

178 thermal fluctuations alone; a large thermal agitation inside the crystal lattice can trigger the irr

179 ted thoughts, hopelessness, restlessness and agitation, insomnia and impulsiveness as measured by the

180 ere based on scores from the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) and the Neuropsychiatric Inve

181 l autoregressive analysis of Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI).

182 s to extinguish or reduce patient aggression/agitation irrespective of its cause, and improve staff-p

183 Agitation is common among patients with Alzheimer diseas

184 Agitation is common, persistent, and associated with adv

185 ks) although the impact on other symptoms of agitation is limited.

186 and 200 mum from the swarm edge, where fluid agitation is more vigorous.

187 the presence of seminal plasma (SP) and that agitation is not required for fibrillization in this set

188 e through pre-recorded video messages on the agitation level of hospitalized, delirious, acutely agit

189 on group had significantly lower anxiety and agitation levels than the control group.

190 gn studied the influence of four parameters, agitation, liquid/solid (L/S) ratio, and cellulase and p

191 ich is characterized by exacerbated anxiety, agitation, locomotor activity, and delirium during the h

192 e but was associated with decreased risk for agitation (low SOE).

193 ly monitor multiple aspects of pain-sedation-agitation management within ICUs.

194 QT prolongation, use of this agent to treat agitation may be limited to a subgroup of people with de

195 The Agitated Behavior Scale and other agitation measures were administered at baseline and aga

196 0%-46%] of days; P < .001) and any report of agitation (median, 60% [IQR, 33%-80%] vs 40% [IQR, 13%-6

197 Without agitation, mutant cells aggregate and settle out of the

198 by central nervous system hyperexcitability (agitation, myoclonus, tremor, seizures), pleocytosis, an

199 ysis were accomplished using magnetic-driven agitation of silica beads.

200 hout any pretreatment rather than the smooth agitation of the samples with a magnetic stirrer in orde

201 rence between groups in time to emergence of agitation or psychosis (Cox proportional hazard ratio, 0

202 lproate treatment did not delay emergence of agitation or psychosis or slow cognitive or functional d

203 nts with Alzheimer's disease and symptoms of agitation or psychosis were treated with risperidone for

204 nts with Alzheimer's disease and symptoms of agitation or psychosis were treated with risperidone for

205 Time to emergence of clinically significant agitation or psychosis.

206 lzheimer disease who had not yet experienced agitation or psychosis.

207 Unlike mechanical agitation or robotic selection, orienting using MagLev i

208 also found between the anxiety (p<0.002) and agitation (p<0.001) scores in two groups.

209 zheimer's disease and clinically significant agitation, participants were randomly assigned to receiv

210 fined as being free from excessive sedation, agitation, poor limb relaxation, and poor ventilator syn

211 avior Scale was used to measure the level of agitation prior to, during, immediately following, and 3

212 The temperature and agitation rate were critical for kefiran production duri

213 The influence of fermentation temperature, agitation rate, and additions of carbon sources, nitroge

214 the formaldehyde concentration, temperature, agitation rate, and surfactant on HLC and KOL were inves

215 In a simple one-pot agitation reaction, 25 dimers are constructed in paralle

216 d HF etching with multi-frequency ultrasonic agitation, respectively.

217 hours per study day spent agitated (Sedation Agitation Scale >/= 5) (p = 0.008), but it did not influ

218 patients spent alive without coma (Sedation Agitation Scale </= 2) or delirium (p = 0.36), the time

219 ation-Sedation Scale (19.5) and the Sedation-Agitation Scale (19).

220 nd Agitation-Sedation Scale and the Sedation-Agitation Scale are the most valid and reliable subjecti

221 omains correlated with the Richmond Sedation Agitation Scale score (Spearman rho = 0.75) and were rel

222 tute Withdrawal Assessment or Riker sedation-agitation scale scores representing severe agitation (13

223 ies of 6 behavioral pain scales, 10 sedation/agitation scales, and 5 delirium monitoring tools.

224 tation (Clinical Global Impressions-Severity agitation score >/=4), and a Mini-Mental State Examinati

225 y video group had significantly lower median agitation scores during the intervention period (p<0.001

226 The median agitation scores for the three groups were not significa

227 ups displayed a significant change in median agitation scores over the four time periods (p<0.001), w

228 tilation time, sedation depth using Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS, four hourly), delirium (

229 ; p = 0.005, 0.011, 0.036) and more Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale assessments between (-2 and 1),

230 with the MIRUS system targeted to a Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale from -3 to -5 by adaptation of

231 lemented, which recommends a target Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale score of 0 (alert and calm) and

232 ther, wakefulness increased (median Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale score per patient: -1.5 vs. -4.

233 for developing our method, we used Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale scores grouped into four levels

234 , there was an increase in the mean Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale scores on weekdays of 0.88 (p <

235 0.0001) and an increase in the mean Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale scores on weekends of 1.21 (p <

236 dol until agitation was controlled (Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale scoring range, 0 to -2) or reac

237 Median Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale was -4.5 (interquartile range,

238 Data collected included Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale, minimum alveolar concentration

239 d using the Faces Anxiety Scale and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale, respectively.

240 to randomization and proportion of Richmond Agitation Sedation Score assessments in the first 48 hou

241 gorithm targeted to light sedation (Richmond Agitation Sedation Score of -2 to 1).

242 four levels, denoted "unarousable" (Richmond Agitation- Sedation Scale = -5, -4), "sedated" (-3, -2,

243 The Sedation Quality Assessment Tool agitation-sedation domains correlated with the Richmond

244 n Scale < 0) and nonsedated states (Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale > 0).

245 e (accuracy = 79%) between sedated (Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale < 0) and nonsedated states (Ric

246 published psychometric properties: Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (19.5) and the Sedation-Agitati

247 The primary outcome was change in Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score (range, -5 [unarou

248 was monitored twice daily using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale and continuously monitored by p

249 ed psychometric scoring system, the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale and the Sedation-Agitation Scal

250 Patients with Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale greater than or equal to -4 wer

251 correlation coefficient, 0.83; and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale intraclass correlation coeffici

252 n Assessment Method for the ICU and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale items.

253 Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale scores were acquired prospectiv

254 Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale scores were grouped into four l

255 target sedation level (measured by Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale) and superior to control with r

256 sion Assessment Method for the ICU, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, and Delirium Rating Scale-Revi

257 onfirmed by comparing NICS with the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, demonstrating excellent correl

258 n Assessment Method for the ICU and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale.

259 Sedation was assessed using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale.

260 sessment Method for the ICU and the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale.

261 etric analyses to evaluate and compare pain, agitation/sedation, and delirium assessment tools.

262 to assessing, treating, and preventing pain, agitation/sedation, and delirium in critically ill patie

263 interdisciplinary approach to managing pain, agitation/sedation, and delirium.

264 Agitation speed and surfactant to dodecanol weight ratio

265 found at pH=12, temperature of 45 degrees C, agitation speed of 800rpm and agitation time of 15min, u

266 SPE process, experimental parameters such as agitation speed, temperature, time, and pH were optimize

267 aspect ratio was observed on increasing the agitation speed.

268 biosensor in different temperatures, pH and agitation speeds was also analyzed.

269 ture the released DNA in a single mechanical agitation step, and we show that bound DNA can be amplif

270 om the 18-point Neurobehavioral Rating Scale agitation subscale (NBRS-A) and the modified Alzheimer D

271 caregiver distress scores but not on the NPI agitation subscale, ADLs, or in less use of rescue loraz

272 icated for the treatment of irritability and agitation symptoms in children with autism spectrum diso

273 s are achieved in aqueous and in interfacial agitation systems.

274 year of vintage and fermentation procedures (agitation, temperature).

275 ith Alzheimer's disease who had psychosis or agitation that had responded to risperidone therapy for

276 sedating medications for treatment of severe agitation that poses risk to patient or staff safety or

277 sychiatric symptoms, including psychosis and agitation, that was linked to increased risk of institut

278 In physiological conditions and under agitation the residue 49-127 proteolytic fragment rapidl

279 Accelerated by interruption of agitation, the platelet storage lesion of units stored w

280 On gentle agitation, the SCI retained full activity for >140 days

281 At the same time, during agitation, there was sufficient space for collisions wit

282 to investigate the influence of the factors agitation time (2 and 4 h) and the percentage of KOH (60

283 DDTC, and Triton X-100 concentration, vortex agitation time and complexation time) were optimized in

284 45 degrees C, agitation speed of 800rpm and agitation time of 15min, ultrasound treatment time of 70

285 sing a 60% (w/v) solution of KOH and with an agitation time of 2 h.

286 The factors % KOH and agitation time were significant, and an increase in thei

287 olution at elevated temperature, followed by agitation to induce emulsification.

288 o optimize the main experimental parameters (agitation, voltage, and time) with standard solutions in

289 ity for forming aggregates when subjected to agitation (vortexing) stress.

290 received IV bolus doses of haloperidol until agitation was controlled (Richmond Agitation Sedation Sc

291 er HF etching with high-frequency ultrasonic agitation were also investigated in this study.

292 Haemodynamic variables, anxiety levels and agitation were assessed using the Faces Anxiety Scale an

293 The severity of psychosis and agitation were reduced, although there was a mild increa

294 oncentrations below 30 mum in the absence of agitation, whereas higher Abeta concentrations lead to r

295 patients with probable Alzheimer disease and agitation who were receiving psychosocial intervention,

296 In this study agitation with aqueous methanol was used for phenolic co

297 s, providing supportive therapy, controlling agitation with benzodiazepines, and possibly administeri

298 ormation methods include biolistic delivery, agitation with glass beads, and electroporation.

299 ere subjected to 48 hours of interruption of agitation with or without MAPK inhibitors.

300 Patients were screened for agitation with the excited component subscale of the Pos