ライフサイエンスコーパス: all-trans-retinol

1 retinol without any detectable production of all-trans retinol.

2 both retinyl esters and 11-cis retinol from all-trans retinol.

3 opsin and is eliminated through reduction to all-trans retinol.

4 lation of rhodopsin affects the formation of all-trans retinol.

5 r fluorescence quenching for both 11-cis and all-trans retinol.

6 f the all-trans retinal and its reduction to all-trans retinol.

7 for ability to convert all-trans retinal to all-trans retinol.

8 all-trans-retinal than for the oxidation of all-trans-retinol.

9 l/mol for isomerization of 13-cis-retinol to all-trans-retinol.

10 ADPH that results in the production of pro-R-all-trans-retinol.

11 as compared to approximately 36 kcal/mol for all-trans-retinol.

12 of retinyl ester-containing retinosomes from all-trans-retinol.

13 n follows the same metabolic fate as that of all-trans-retinol.

14 as four times greater than esterification of all-trans-retinol.

15 tial is not apparent (PINTA), which binds to all-trans-retinol.

16 hen released from the protein and reduced to all -trans-retinol.

17 crom) but the lowest apparent K(m) value for all-trans-retinol (~0.035 microm) among all NAD(+)-depen

18 otein 4 (RBP4) impede ocular uptake of serum all-trans retinol (1) and have been shown to reduce cyto

19 rans-beta-carotene ([13C]tr beta C) and [13C]all-trans retinol ([13C]retinol) but very low concentrat

20 8-fold higher than that for the oxidation of all-trans-retinol (18,000 min(-1) mM(-1)).

21 ehydrogenase, which recognizes as substrates all-trans-retinol, 9-cis-retinol, 5alpha-androstan-3,17-

22 sed for analysis of the fat-soluble vitamins all-trans retinol (A), 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyv

23 in, is the reduction of all-trans retinal to all-trans retinol, a reaction that requires NADPH.

24 The formation of all-trans retinol after pigment bleaching was measured b

25 e had approximately 2-fold higher vitamin A (all-trans-retinol (all-trans-ROL)) in the neural retina

26 Exogenous all-trans-retinol, all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol, or al

27 The differences between all-trans-retinol, all-trans-9-desmethylretinol, and all

28 Here, we have imaged the fluorescence of all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinal, and lipofuscin pre

29 However, all-trans-retinol also accumulated transiently in the ne

30 11-cis-retinal and all-trans-retinol also inhibited the channels, but at so

31 All-trans retinol and all-trans retinal were unable to c

32 ion process has not been identified and both all-trans retinol and all-trans retinyl esters have been

33 s enzyme can generate all-trans retinal from all-trans retinol and may play an important role in the

34 RDH10 displayed substrate specificity for all-trans retinol and preferred nicotinamide adenine din

35 segment and ellipsoid signals originate from all-trans retinol and reduced pyridine nucleotides, resp

36 Radioactivity and molar data for serum all-trans retinol and RPE retinyl ester obtained at 4.5

37 ase activity that effects interconversion of all-trans-retinol and 11-cis-retinol.

38 on of iso-A2E, a new A2E double bond isomer; all-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol also have been iden

39 All-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol inhibit RoDH-4 cata

40 sing BacoluGold Baculovirus system, oxidizes all-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol to corresponding al

41 pH 7.4 was 17 mM compared with 56 microM for all-trans-retinol and 31 microM for epiandrosterone.

42 RDH-S Delta 3 catalyzed all-trans-retinol and 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 alph

43 e two enzymes that effect interconversion of all-trans-retinol and all-trans-retinyl esters are lecit

44 catalyzes reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol and is thought to be a key enzyme in t

45 and by isozyme 2B4 in the 4-hydroxylation of all-trans-retinol and retinoic acid.

46 ntaining alcohol dehydrogenases that oxidize all-trans-retinol and steroid alcohols in fetal tissues.

47 e reverse isomerization of 11-cis-retinol to all-trans-retinol (and 13-cis-retinol), and membrane exp

48 all-trans-retinal is converted to vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) and is transported to the retinal pig

49 ds exist in the diet as preformed vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) and provitamin A (beta,beta-carotene)

50 yl esters are the storage form of vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) and serve as metabolic intermediates

51 the neuroprotective potential of vitamin A (all-trans retinol), and its geometric isomers, all-trans

52 All -trans-retinal, all -trans-retinol, and 11- cis-retinol are all agonists

53 oid dehydrogenase activity), 11-cis-retinol, all-trans-retinol, and 9-cis-retinol, with V/K0.5 values

54 metabolism of retinol-binding protein-bound all-trans-retinol, and albumin-bound all-trans-retinoic

55 ydrogenase that catalyzes dehydrogenation of all-trans-retinol, and contributes to a reconstituted pa

56 Synthetic 9-cis-stereoisomers of vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) are especially promising agents for t

57 trate that all-trans-retinyl esters, and not all-trans-retinol, are the precursors of 11-cis-retinol.

58 e/reductase that prefers NAD+ and recognizes all-trans-retinol as substrate.

59 city that recognizes cis-retinols as well as all-trans-retinol as substrates.

60 e fraction of all-trans retinal converted to all-trans retinol at equilibrium is approximately 0.8, i

61 nd/or 11-cis retinol stimulate the efflux of all-trans retinol at the RPE basolateral membrane.

62 tLRAT is catalytically active and processes all-trans-retinol at least 10-fold more efficiently than

63 vit D as well as two other small molecules, all-trans-retinol (ATR) and curcumin (CCM), here we perf

64 at this metabolite coelutes with the unknown all-trans-retinol (atROL) metabolite previously found in

65 In vitro incubation of all-trans-retinol (atROL) with kidney homogenate from vi

66 The cells were subsequently treated with all-trans-retinol (atROL), and retinoid profiles were qu

67 ns-retinal being the most potent agonist and all -trans-retinol being the least potent.

68 All-trans-retinol bound to cellular retinol-binding prot

69 amin A is transported to the target cells as all-trans-retinol bound to retinol-binding protein (RBP)

70 entiation, is reduced by exogenously applied all-trans retinol but not all-trans retinal.

71 l dehydrogenase that reacts efficiently with all-trans-retinol but not the 11-cis isomer.

72 similar protective profile was observed with all-trans retinol, but not the stereo-isomer 9-cis retin

73 d a chimera (viz. C3) that was inactive with all-trans-retinol, but was 4-fold more efficient with 3

74 r chimera (viz. C5) retained efficiency with all-trans-retinol, but was not saturated and was weakly

75 the C3 region (K210L) reduced efficiency for all-trans-retinol by >1250-fold.

76 area mutation C212G enhanced efficiency with all-trans-retinol by approximately 2.4-fold.

77 ion to its all-trans isomer and reduction to all-trans-retinol by RDH can prevent the accumulation of

78 ns-retinaldehyde, restricts the oxidation of all-trans-retinol by RDH12, but has little effect on the

79 saturation of the C(13)-C(14) double bond of all-trans-retinol by the enzyme, retinol saturase (RetSa

80 membranes with (3R)-3-[boc-lys(biotinyl)-O]-all-trans-retinol chloroacetate 1 in the low micromolar

81 for RGR, is generated in the RPE, because no all-trans retinol dehydrogenase (atRDH) has been identif

82 All-trans retinol dehydrogenase activity assays were per

83 In rMC-1 cells, all-trans retinol dehydrogenase activity was detected in

84 A recently identified all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (photoreceptor retinol d

85 The NADPH-dependent all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase activity in isolated RPE

86 A novel all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase exists in the RPE and pe

87 substrate specificities of the photoreceptor all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase.

88 h exhibits the strongest similarity with rat all-trans-retinol dehydrogenases RoDH-1, RoDH-2, and RoD

89 for KLBP, binding with a Kd of 3600 nM, and all-trans-retinol did not displace 1,8-ANS.

90 The short chain fatty acid octanoic acid and all-trans-retinol did not displace the fluorophore from

91 ve to CRAD1, CRAD3 has greater 9-cis-retinol/all-trans-retinol discrimination and lower efficiency as

92 fractional influx (molar amount of entering all-trans retinol divided by the molar amount of RPE ret

93 Formation of all-trans retinol does not limit the regeneration of ble

94 0 (RDH10) was implicated in the oxidation of all-trans-retinol for biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic

95 is study was undertaken to determine whether all-trans retinol formation depends on Abca4, arrestin,

96 The kinetics of all-trans retinol formation in 129/sv mice are similar t

97 We find that the kinetics of all-trans retinol formation in frog rod outer segments a

98 The kinetics of all-trans retinol formation in the different types of ge

99 g outer segment fluorescence as a measure of all-trans retinol formation, we find that in frog rod ph

100 eyecups produced a block in the cycle after all-trans-retinol formation; and constant illumination o

101 preservation of a substantial inward flux of all-trans retinol from the circulation into the RPE of R

102 s were analyzed to infer the molar influx of all-trans retinol from the circulation into the RPE.

103 e occurrence of a robust outward movement of all-trans retinol from the RPE into the circulation in R

104 We found that IRBP removes all-trans-retinol from individual rod photoreceptors in

105 ipates in a process that drives diffusion of all-trans-retinol from photoreceptor cells to RPE, perha

106 delayed clearances of all-trans-retinal and all-trans-retinol from rod photoreceptor cells.

107 e (LRAT) is the enzyme that traps vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) from the circulation and photorecepto

108 eic acid inhibited the binding of 11-cis and all-trans retinol in an apparent noncompetitive manner.

109 otobleaching to characterize the mobility of all-trans retinol in frog photoreceptor outer segments.

110 s significantly faster than the formation of all-trans retinol in intact cells and is independent of

111 The concentration of all-trans retinol in photoreceptor outer segments can be

112 Formation of all-trans retinol in the cone-like Nrl(-/-) photorecepto

113 coefficients are consistent with most of the all-trans retinol in the outer segments moving unrestric

114 d illumination produce a substantial peak of all-trans retinol in the retina.

115 Regeneration of 11-cis retinal from all-trans retinol in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE

116 reduced by the retinol dehydrogenase RDH8 to all-trans-retinol in an NADPH-dependent reaction.

117 The accumulation of all-trans-retinol in neural retina, in the absence of CR

118 eduction in infarct volume was observed with all-trans retinol, in a dose-dependent manner: maximum p

119 dingly, gavage of beta,beta-carotene but not all-trans-retinol induced retinoid signaling and decreas

120 Levels of all-trans retinol influx derived from this analysis (mea

121 erase (LRAT) catalyzes the esterification of all-trans-retinol into all-trans-retinyl ester, an essen

122 gmented epithelial cells and liver, converts all-trans-retinol into all-trans-retinyl esters.

123 lity of the transfected cells to convert [3H]all-trans-retinol into authentic [3H]all-trans-retinyl p

124 The enzyme responsible for conversion of all-trans-retinol into retinyl esters, the lecithin reti

125 The binding site for 11-cis and all-trans retinol is a novel hydrophobic cavity that is

126 all-trans retinol is formed after visual pigment bleachi

127 ergy for the conversion of 11-cis-retinol to all-trans-retinol is 19.5 kcal/mol, and 20.1 kcal/mol fo

128 acent retinal pigment epithelial cells where all-trans-retinol is isomerized to 11-cis-retinol.

129 ung, eye, and blood, whereas the circulating all-trans-retinol is reduced only slightly.

130 All-trans-retinol is the precursor for all-trans-retinoi

131 Here, we present evidence that all-trans-retinol is unstable in the presence of H(+) an

132 chromophore bleaching in rod photoreceptors, all-trans retinol, is part of a feedback loop that incre

133 y dihydroceramide desaturase-1, the putative all-trans retinol isomerase in Muller cells, appears to

134 nant ground-squirrel and chicken retinas: an all-trans-retinol isomerase, an 11-cis-retinyl-ester syn

135 segments whereas enzymatic esterification of all-trans-retinol, isomerization to 11-cis-retinol, and

136 = 290 nm, compared with the parent compound, all-trans-retinol (lambda(max) = 325 nm), and its MS ana

137 Metabolism of vitamin A, all-trans-retinol, leads to the formation of 11-cis-reti

138 h the retinyl ester levels, but not with the all-trans retinol levels in the reaction mixture.

139 e of conversion of carotenoids to vitamin A (all-trans-retinol), many questions remain concerning the

140 is-retinal, suggesting that the free form of all-trans-retinol may be used as a source for 9-cis-reti

141 Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) must be adequately distributed within

142 etinal to all-trans-retinal and reduction to all-trans-retinol occur in photoreceptor outer segments

143 In Nrl(-/-) photoreceptors, the formation of all-trans retinol occurred at least 100 times faster tha

144 parent K(m) values for all-trans-retinal and all-trans-retinol of 0.12 and 0.6 microM, respectively.

145 comparable to that induced in intact skin by all-trans retinol or all-trans retinoic acid itself.

146 n structures of this protein bound to either all-trans-retinol or retinylamine, the latter a therapeu

147 the reduction of all-trans-retinaldehyde to all-trans-retinol or the oxidation of retinol to retinal

148 at of the 9-cis isomer but does not catalyze all-trans-retinol oxidation.

149 Vitamin A (all-trans retinol) plays critical roles in mammalian dev

150 The retinyl ester or all-trans-retinol pools are radioactively labeled separa

151 In rods, the formation of all-trans retinol proceeded with first-order kinetics, w

152 H12, we used fluorescence imaging to examine all-trans-retinol production in single isolated rod cell

153 which excess 11-cis-retinal is converted to all-trans-retinol provides a rationale for the unusually

154 Due to its high affinity for all-trans-retinol, RDH10 exhibits a greater rate of reti

155 rod outer segment membranes and the rate of all-trans retinol removal by the lipophilic carriers int

156 n the presence of exogenous beta-carotene or all-trans retinol restored phototaxis but did not affect

157 ic acid) regulates its own biosynthesis from all-trans retinol (retinol) through regulation of retino

158 all-trans retinal, followed by conversion to all-trans retinol (ROL) for removal from the photorecept

159 [3H]all-trans retinol (ROL) was delivered to the basal surfa

160 We have characterized the metabolism of all-trans-retinol (ROL; vitamin A) in NB4 cells, which a

161 ption of the retinoic acid receptors whereas all-trans-retinol shows neither activity.

162 With all-trans-retinol substrate, isomerase activity is prese

163 ed unchanged when assayed in the presence of all-trans-retinol, suggesting a distinct catalytic activ

164 [3H]All-trans retinol (t-ROL) added to suspensions of intact

165 rans-retinoic acid (t-RA) from the precursor all-trans-retinol (t-ROH), but unlike the CYP26s, CYP1B1

166 -retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) that functions as an activating ligan

167 is released from the protein and reduced to all-trans retinol, the first step in the recycling of rh

168 , 11-cis retinal, is derived from vitamin A (all-trans retinol) through a series of reactions that ta

169 involves recycling of their chromophore from all-trans retinol to 11-cis retinal in the pigment epith

170 stent with a last-in/first-out processing of all-trans retinol to 11-cis retinal within normally func

171 Human RDH10 expressed in COS cells oxidized all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal.

172 We have used the fluorescence of all-trans retinol to study this reduction in living rod

173 as functioning in the conversion of dietary all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinal and suggest that the

174 yde-binding protein-induced isomerization of all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinol proceeds with invers

175 hydroxyl group, in contrast to the enzymatic all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinol reaction.

176 ith lower efficiencies than isomerization of all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinol.

177 P450 27C1 oxidized all-trans-retinol to 3,4-dehydroretinol, 4-hydroxy (OH)

178 Cell homogenates of Hep G2 can convert all-trans-retinol to 9-cis-retinal, suggesting that the

179 Thus, saturation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol by R

180 Retinol saturase converts all-trans-retinol to all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol.

181 8-hr period, but no detectable metabolism of all-trans-retinol to at-RA or 9-cis-retinoic acid is obs

182 This ability of all-trans-retinol to form a carbocation could be relevan

183 were preincubated with different amounts of all-trans-retinol to form all-trans-retinyl esters and t

184 aturase (RetSat) catalyzes the saturation of all-trans-retinol to produce (R)-all-trans-13,14-dihydro

185 t the saturation of the 13-14 double bond of all-trans-retinol to produce all-trans-13,14-dihydroreti

186 zyme that saturates the 13-14 double bond of all-trans-retinol to produce all-trans-13,14-dihydroreti

187 ting either the 13-14 or 7-8 double bonds of all-trans-retinol to produce either all-trans-13,14-dihy

188 the all-trans-retinal generated by light to all-trans-retinol using single cell fluorescence imaging

189 We show that vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) (VA) is required both for the mainten

190 2 (aldh1a2), whereas atRAL is converted from all-trans-retinol via reversible oxidation by retinol de

191 l cycle, in which Muller cells recycle spent all-trans-retinol visual chromophore back to 11-cis-reti

192 the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) and plays an essential rol

193 -cis-retinol binds with a K(D) = 3.8 nM, and all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) binds with a K(D) = 10.8 n

194 biochemical apparatus capable of processing all-trans-retinol (vitamin A) into 11-cis-retinal, the v

195 whether it is an all-trans-retinyl ester or all-trans-retinol (vitamin A).

196 is released by photoactivated rhodopsin, to all-trans-retinol (vitamin A).

197 neration of all-trans retinal from tritiated all-trans retinol was analyzed by HPLC.

198 Formation of all-trans retinol was measured by imaging its fluorescen

199 o form all-trans-retinyl esters and then [3H]all-trans-retinol was added, as predicted, the specific

200 ature adipocytes, beta,beta-carotene but not all-trans-retinol was metabolized to retinoic acid (RA).

201 is-retinal; 2) together with 11-cis-retinal, all-trans-retinol was produced at a 1:1 ratio; and 3) th

202 uld inhibit carbocation formation, 11-fluoro-all-trans-retinol was used in the isomerization assay an

203 Binding of 11-cis and all-trans retinol were observed in titrations monitoring

204 ike that for ALBP, neither octanoic acid nor all-trans-retinol were bound by KLBP.

205 te probes, Di-4-ANEPPDHQ (Di-4), FM4-64, and all-trans-retinol, were evaluated for SHG effectiveness

206 ver, Hep G2 cells preferentially incorporate all-trans-retinol when equimolar concentrations of all-t

207 However, all-trans retinol, which is the product of action by the

208 ult, the widely expressed CRBPI, which binds all-trans-retinol with much higher affinity than all-tra

209 in the present study will produce sufficient all-trans retinol within the interphotoreceptor matrix t

210 appear to be any specialized processing for all-trans retinol within the rod outer segment.

211 le for the reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol within the photoreceptor outer segment

212 alyzes the reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol within the photoreceptor outer segment