ライフサイエンスコーパス: alpha-ketoglutarate

1 nd Kreb's cycle intermediates (succinate and alpha-ketoglutarate).

2 rs, JIB-04 is not a competitive inhibitor of alpha-ketoglutarate.

3 nce on the concentration of its co-substrate alpha-ketoglutarate.

4 y of producing 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate.

5 levels of O(2)-regulated metabolites such as alpha-ketoglutarate.

6 her converted to 3-deoxy-2-keto-hexarate and alpha-ketoglutarate.

7 tor vs 4PE and a noncompetitive inhibitor vs alpha-ketoglutarate.

8 increase in GDH affinity for its substrate, alpha-ketoglutarate.

9 ination of saccharopine to give l-lysine and alpha-ketoglutarate.

10 r is sequentially converted to glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate.

11 hile Arg428 contributes mainly to binding of alpha-ketoglutarate.

12 altering stimulation by glucose, leucine, or alpha-ketoglutarate.

13 type PII, and this effect was antagonized by alpha-ketoglutarate.

14 lity to catalyse conversion of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate.

15 r as citric acid cycle intermediates, mostly alpha-ketoglutarate.

16 f 2,4-pyridine dicarboxylate, an analogue of alpha-ketoglutarate.

17 eactions, even in the absence of a source of alpha-ketoglutarate.

18 supplementation with TCA cycle intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate.

19 cumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate and reduced alpha-ketoglutarate.

20 ehydrogenases, efficiently oxidized D-2HG to alpha-ketoglutarate.

21 reductive carboxylation of glutamine-derived alpha-ketoglutarate.

22 glutamate to pyruvate, yielding alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate.

23 potency compared with that of KDM5B at 1 mm alpha-ketoglutarate.

24 xpression due to the increased production of alpha-ketoglutarate, a critical substrate for prolyl hyd

25 glutamate export and that supplementation of alpha-ketoglutarate, a key downstream metabolite of glut

26 omote transcription and, thus, production of alpha-ketoglutarate, a key metabolite in the regulation

27 Loss of Nrd1 or Ogdh leads to an increase in alpha-ketoglutarate, a substrate for OGDH, which in turn

28 alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) is a key intermediate of trica

29 was present, the antagonism between ADP and alpha-ketoglutarate allowed each of these effectors to i

30 However, HPV was not increased by 1 mm alpha-ketoglutarate alone, and HPV in the absence of alp

31 , IDH1 and IDH2, decarboxylate isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) and reduce NADP to NADPH.

32 The mechanism is steady state ordered with alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-Kg) binding prior to acetyl-C

33 (d-2-HG) is an oncometabolite generated from alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) by mutant isocitrate dehy

34 ate synthase (HOAS), the E1 component of the alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) dehydrogenase complex (KD

35 Mononuclear nonheme Fe(II) (MNH) and alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) dependent halogenases act

36 atory genes necessary for the utilization of alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

37 rption was also activated by induction of an alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) paracrine signaling syste

38 alpha-Ketoglutarate (alpha-Kg) serves as the dead-end an

39 ino group from branched-chain amino acids to alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) thereby regenerating glut

40 ide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent reduction of alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) to 2-HG.

41 s the condensation of acetyl-CoA (AcCoA) and alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) to give homocitrate and C

42 branched-chain amino acids while converting alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) to glutamate.

43 Glutaminolysis converts Gln into alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG), a critical intermediate

44 Here we show that alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG), a tricarboxylic acid cyc

45 Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG)-dependent dioxygenases ar

46 The alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG)-dependent oxygenases are

47 yclization is catalyzed by the non-heme iron alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG)-dependent SnoK in the bio

48 uction of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG).

49 that produces 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG).

50 n the levels of the Krebs cycle intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG).

51 e dehydrogenases (IDH) convert isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG).

52 ative decarboxylation of isocitrate (ICT) to alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) and the NADPH/CO(2)-depend

53 -dependent conversion of isocitrate (ICT) to alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) in the cytosol and peroxis

54 To investigate the role of alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) in the epimetabolic contro

55 hether a physiologic plasma concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) influences the kinetic int

56 enzymatic activity allowing them to convert alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) to 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG

57 Aliphatic halogenases activate O(2), cleave alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) to CO(2) and succinate, an

58 family of enzymes that use Fe(2+), O(2) and alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) to perform a variety of ha

59 me activity that catalyzes the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) to the oncometabolite D-(2

60 ase load can reverse the direction of apical alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) transport in the proximal

61 Glutamine is catabolyzed to alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG), a tricarboxylic acid (TCA

62 e(II)/alphaKG oxygenases and require Fe(II), alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG), and O(2) for activity.

63 y, belongs to a recently discovered class of alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG), non-heme Fe(II)-dependent

64 anaerobic conditions containing iron(II) and alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG), to dioxygen initiates oxi

65 to catalyze the conversion of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG), whereas conferring a gain

66 rial the citric acid(TCA) cycle intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG), which via its OXGR1 recep

67 ted mouse models to ask if inhibition of the alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent dioxygenase Egln

68 FIH is a non-heme Fe(II), alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent dioxygenase that

69 al (2-His-1-carboxylate) facial triad in the alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent dioxygenases cla

70 factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) are alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent dioxygenases tha

71 xylases (P4Hs) are mononuclear non-heme iron alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent dioxygenases tha

72 ibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (FIH) is an alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent enzyme which cat

73 ently discovered class of nonheme Fe(II) and alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent halogenases, cat

74 ioxygenase (tauD) is one of the best-studied alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent nonheme iron oxy

75 itions (Th1) were regulated by glutamine and alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-induced events, in part th

76 e 1 (IDH1) reversibly converts isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG).

77 pids through reductive carboxylation (RC) of alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG).

78 oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG).

79 sm to maintain a high level of intracellular alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG).

80 tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) intermediate, alpha-ketoglutarate, also blocks the transcriptional act

81 socitrate pathway, which generates cytosolic alpha-ketoglutarate, also known as 2-oxoglutarate (2OG).

82 The use of alpha-ketoglutarate (alternatively termed 2-oxoglutarate

83 This is a cell-permeable prodrug form of alpha-ketoglutarate, an important intermediate in the tr

84 ntributes to mtDNA loss by acting as a toxic alpha-ketoglutarate analog.

85 By increasing intracellular alpha-ketoglutarate and activating PHDs we trigger PHD-d

86 nature; these proteins are direct sensors of alpha-ketoglutarate and adenylylate energy charge and co

87 Signaling of alpha-ketoglutarate and adenylylate energy charge by the

88 PII proteins are sensors of alpha-ketoglutarate and adenylylate energy charge that r

89 sess the role of the three binding sites for alpha-ketoglutarate and adenylylate nucleotide in the PI

90 propriate conditions, the antagonism between alpha-ketoglutarate and ADP allowed each of these effect

91 PII were also used to examine the effects of alpha-ketoglutarate and ADP on PII activation of the ade

92 toglutarate alone, and HPV in the absence of alpha-ketoglutarate and cysteine was not attenuated by a

93 djustments would ensure the replenishment of alpha-ketoglutarate and glutamate, which provide the car

94 P4H uses alpha-ketoglutarate and O2 as cosubstrates, and forms su

95 ecrease in cell proliferation was rescued by alpha-ketoglutarate and overexpression of IDH2, whereas

96 e alpha-keto analog of asparagine), yielding alpha-ketoglutarate and oxaloacetate, respectively.

97 the ternary complex of HygX with cosubstrate alpha-ketoglutarate and putative product hygromycin B id

98 ling the intracellular levels of its product alpha-ketoglutarate and subsequent metabolite fumarate.

99 n to citric acid cycle intermediates such as alpha-ketoglutarate and succinate, NaDC3 transports othe

100 Both alpha-ketoglutarate and the UDP-linked sugar bind in the

101 to IDH1 R132H competitively with respect to alpha-ketoglutarate and uncompetitively with respect to

102 tate flows to succinate both through citrate/alpha-ketoglutarate and via malate/fumarate.

103 rmed after reaction with the first substrate alpha-ketoglutarate and with the second substrate isocho

104 s the substrate required addition of Fe(2+), alpha-ketoglutarate, and ascorbic acid, confirming that

105 ndent mitochondrial enzymes, mainly lactate, alpha-ketoglutarate, and branched chain keto-acids.

106 ponent (E3) is associated with the pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate, and glycine dehydrogenase complexes

107 EI(Ntr) activity was not affected by alpha-ketoglutarate, and no binding between the EIGAF an

108 liver, of (i) aminooxyacetate with pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate, and oxaloacetate and (ii) mercaptop

109 (H), the enzyme in a complex with NAD(H) and alpha-ketoglutarate, and the enzyme in a complex with NA

110 n several complexes with the cofactors iron, alpha-ketoglutarate, and the non-reactive enantiomer of

111 x redox enzymes are involved, including four alpha-ketoglutarate- and iron(II)-dependent dioxygenases

112 e levels, but causes a drop in the levels of alpha-ketoglutarate, another output of the pathway and a

113 ells (BMDACs) with dimethyloxalylglycine, an alpha-ketoglutarate antagonist that induces hypoxia-indu

114 nt in its physiological concentration range, alpha-ketoglutarate apparently played a role in only the

115 e: levels of TCA-cycle metabolites including alpha-ketoglutarate are high, and levels of the key regu

116 This enzyme has been shown to use alpha-ketoglutarate as an oxidant to regenerate the oxid

117 atalyze phenazine reduction with pyruvate or alpha-ketoglutarate as electron donors.

118 d by prolyl 4-hydroxylases that use O(2) and alpha-ketoglutarate as substrates to hydroxylate conserv

119 e specific activity of DapL using ll-DAP and alpha-ketoglutarate as substrates was 24.3 + or - 2.0 nm

120 A in vitro in the presence of Fe (2+), O 2, alpha-ketoglutarate, ascorbate, and Triton X-100.

121 r was used for GC-MS/MS analysis of alanine, alpha-ketoglutarate, asparagine, aspartic acid, cystathi

122 alytic JmjC domain with conserved Fe(II) and alpha-ketoglutarate binding sites, and displays H3K9me1/

123 ly reconstitutes the cofactor (metal ion and alpha-ketoglutarate) binding characteristics of other st

124 In addition, reductive carboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate by isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1)

125 d to saccharopine, through condensation with alpha-ketoglutarate, by LKR, and subsequently to glutama

126 ild-type IDH1, only hyperpolarized [1-(13)C] alpha-ketoglutarate can be detected.

127 this report we demonstrate that derivatized alpha-ketoglutarate can be used as a strategy for mainta

128 We also show that derivatized alpha-ketoglutarate can permeate multiple layers of cell

129 this proof-of-concept study, that [1-(13)C] alpha-ketoglutarate can serve as a metabolic imaging age

130 reductive carboxylation of glutamine-derived alpha-ketoglutarate (catalyzed by reverse flux through i

131 entify several cellular conditions where the alpha-ketoglutarate/citrate ratio is changed due to an a

132 turbations that result in an increase in the alpha-ketoglutarate/citrate ratio.

133 lglycine (DMOG, 200 mug/g), an antagonist of alpha-ketoglutarate cofactor and inhibitor for HIF PHD,

134 of KIC/glutamine (10/2 mM) did not influence alpha-ketoglutarate concentrations but caused 120 and 33

135 chondrial ROS production, reversible by high alpha-ketoglutarate concentrations, and coherent with re

136 hen ATP was the sole adenylylate nucleotide, alpha-ketoglutarate controlled the extent of PII activat

137 tarate, and no binding between the EIGAF and alpha-ketoglutarate could be detected.

138 sphorylated form of GarA is shown to inhibit alpha-ketoglutarate decarboxylase in the TCA cycle.

139 (via the gamma-aminobutyric acid pathway or alpha-ketoglutarate decarboxylase/succinic semialdehyde

140 Here we show that the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH) complex i

141 and organization of the multienzyme complex alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH).

142 , we found an increase in phosphorylation of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alphaKGDH) in female

143 ed chain amino acid dehydrogenase (BCDH) and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KDH).

144 lexes, such as pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH), and the glycin

145 ial chaperones and assists in the folding of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), a rate-limitin

146 acid cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and other mitochondria

147 ributions of regulation of the activities of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and the aspartate-glut

148 ltiple proteins, including the E2 subunit of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and the glutathione S-

149 The activity of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC), an ar

150 oxymethyl transferase, and components of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in conjunction

151 d its target DLST-the E2 subcomponent of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, a rate-contro

152 ced CoA to the reduction of NAD(+) using the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.

153 oteins, we demonstrate that the pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes directly cat

154 osttranslational lipoylation of pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes, resulting i

155 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes.

156 complexes, including pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and branched-chain ke

157 ve E2 subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and Gcv3, the H prote

158 CA cycle enzymes, pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.

159 ion and inhibition of the Krebs cycle enzyme alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.

160 methylation was changed in 1797 genes [e.g., alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase (FTO), interle

161 ibitor treatment promoted GBM survival in an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent (alphaKG-dependent) manner

162 n of R172K mutant IDH2 resulted in increased alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent consumption of NADPH compa

163 The KDM5/JARID1 family of Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent demethylases remove methyl

164 ies its lipid-A by hydroxylation by the Fe2+/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase enzyme (LpxO).

165 protein that is a member of the Fe (2+)/O 2/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family.

166 O(6)-demethylation are members of the Fe(II)/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family.

167 Inactivation of Fe(II)/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase gene fr9P led

168 lation didomain protein, DdaD, and an Fe(II)/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase homologue, Dda

169 iates for the archetypal non-heme Fe(II) and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase TauD.

170 f lpxO, which encodes a putative Fe (2+)/O 2/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, abolishes S-2

171 metal ions or substrate taurine to TauD, an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, alters its UV

172 O(6)-demethylation of thebaine by an Fe(II)/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase.

173 The AlkB family of Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases is a class of

174 Fumarate has been shown to inhibit alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that are invo

175 The PHDs are alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that have low

176 even-translocation) proteins are Fe(ii)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that modify t

177 to epigenetic effects through inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that require

178 droxyglutarate is a competitive inhibitor of alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases' by Xu and co

179 et-dependent methyltransferases, Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, base excisio

180 e TET proteins, a family of AlkB-like Fe(II)/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, can oxidize

181 stically distinct bifunctional non-heme iron alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent enzyme responsible for the

182 diated by Cur halogenase, a non-haem Fe(ii), alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent enzyme.

183 DdaC catalyzes Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent epoxidation of the covalen

184 We show that Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent fat mass and obesity-assoc

185 The alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylases and halogenas

186 iggered in vivo by hyperammonemia through an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent inhibition of the mammalia

187 Aspergillus fumigatus is the first reported alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent mononuclear non-haem iron

188 Notably, we characterized an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent non-heme Fe(II) dioxygenas

189 C and 5caC in three consecutive, Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent oxidation reactions.

190 ine (5caC) in three consecutive, Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent oxidation reactions.

191 ups from nucleic acids by a unique iron- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent oxidation strategy.

192 protein confirms it is a member of the Fe2+/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent oxygenase family of enzyme

193 dentified a conserved group of nonheme iron, alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent oxygenases likely responsi

194 family of histone demethylases are Fe2+- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent oxygenases that are essent

195 ons, which can be overcome by treatment with alpha-ketoglutarate derivatives.

196 Residue F159 in taurine alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase (TauD) is demonstrated t

197 Taurine alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase (tauD) is one of the bes

198 Rather, alpha-ketoglutarate dramatically affected the extent of

199 al reductive metabolism of glutamine-derived alpha-ketoglutarate even in normoxic conditions.

200 The Jumonji C domain Fe(II) alpha-ketoglutarate family of proteins performs the majo

201 PHF2 belongs to a class of alpha-ketoglutarate-Fe(2)(+)-dependent dioxygenases.

202 The sequential activities of PhnY, an alpha-ketoglutarate/Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenase, and Ph

203 uted by 'ancient' CoA-dependent pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate ferredoxin oxidoreductases.

204 reductive carboxylation of glutamine-derived alpha-ketoglutarate for de novo lipogenesis.

205 aramate and an assay procedure that measures alpha-ketoglutarate formation from alpha-ketoglutaramate

206 tulate that steric constraints could prevent alpha-ketoglutarate from undergoing an "off-line"-to-"in

207 AMPKalpha2 regulates alpha-ketoglutarate generation, hypoxia-inducible factor

208 -oxalylglycine, L-pipecolic acid, L-leucine, alpha-ketoglutarate, glyoxylic acid, and L-ornithine wer

209 Uniquely, after alpha-ketoglutarate has bound to the mononuclear iron ce

210 oteins, in addition to serving as sensors of alpha-ketoglutarate, have the capacity to serve as direc

211 Reducing O-GlcNAcylation increases alpha-ketoglutarate, HIF-1 hydroxylation, and interactio

212 es the oxidative deamination of glutamate to alpha-ketoglutarate in a limited number of tissues in hu

213 dependent carboxylation of glutamine-derived alpha-ketoglutarate in hypoxia is associated with a conc

214 d to catalyze the oxidation of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate in the citric acid cycle.

215 to convert glutamine-derived glutamate into alpha-ketoglutarate in the mitochondria to fuel the tric

216 by an increase in reductive carboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate (increased concentrations of 2-hydro

217 ion of the tricarboxyclic acid cycle product alpha-ketoglutarate, indicating the critical function of

218 utamine deficiency, through the reduction of alpha-ketoglutarate, inhibits the AlkB homolog (ALKBH) e

219 rate, ethanolamine, 2,4-diaminobutyrate, and alpha-ketoglutarate into achromobactin.

220 Four minireviews deal with aspects of the alpha-ketoglutarate/iron-dependent dioxygenases in this

221 Glutamine-derived alpha-ketoglutarate is reductively carboxylated by the N

222 e metabolic fate of hyperpolarized [1-(13)C] alpha-ketoglutarate is studied in isogenic glioblastoma

223 actions with the alpha-carboxylate moiety of alpha-ketoglutarate, is also uniquely positioned to best

224 inate (suc(2-)) through glutarate (glu(2-)), alpha-ketoglutarate (kglu(2-)), adipate (adi(2-)), pimel

225 nscription factor RTG1 Furthermore, elevated alpha-ketoglutarate levels also suppress 2HG-mediated re

226 ubunit of the IDH3 heterotetramer, decreased alpha-ketoglutarate levels and increased the stability a

227 Genetic modulation of alpha-ketoglutarate levels demonstrates a key regulatory

228 n of IDHs, which correlated with the reduced alpha-ketoglutarate levels.

229 termediates with good sensitivity, including alpha-ketoglutarate, malate, fumarate, succinate, 2-hydr

230 acid cycle, as no genes potentially encoding alpha-ketoglutarate, malate, or succinate dehydrogenases

231 of a novel pathogenicity island involved in alpha-ketoglutarate metabolism under anaerobic condition

232 ole of this enzyme in the cell is to recover alpha-ketoglutarate mistakenly reduced by other enzymes

233 of p53 increases the levels of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate, mitochondrial respiration rate, and

234 tivity, carried by Dld3, to convert D-2HG to alpha-ketoglutarate, namely an FAD-dependent transhydrog

235 orbic acid, confirming that KdoO is a Fe(2+)/alpha-ketoglutarate/O(2)-dependent dioxygenase.

236 Although two enzymes that catalyze Fe(2+)/alpha-ketoglutarate/O(2)-dependent hydroxylation of deox

237 upying three coordination sites, a bidentate alpha-ketoglutarate occupying two sites, and an aquo lig

238 horesis to investigate the effect of ADP and alpha-ketoglutarate on the binding of PII to ATase and N

239 strate phosphoenolpyruvate and the inhibitor alpha-ketoglutarate, on the structure and dynamics of EI

240 on with an NAD(+) precursor or its substrate alpha-ketoglutarate or treatment with a poly(ADP ribose)

241 lexes it forms with either the co-substrate (alpha-ketoglutarate) or the substrate (fumitremorgin B).

242 amine-starved cells by the TCA intermediates alpha-ketoglutarate, oxaloacetate, and pyruvate, confirm

243 hosphate (SerC and PdxA), we have found that alpha-ketoglutarate, oxaloacetic acid, and pyruvate are

244 ons included an unexpected pathway bypassing alpha-ketoglutarate-oxidizing steps in the tricarboxylic

245 One such enzyme is the 2-oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) oxidoreductase (OOR), which catalyz

246 c block could be relieved by addition of the alpha-ketoglutarate precursor glutamate.

247 xygen atoms of N-oxalylglycine (an analog of alpha-ketoglutarate) provide four coordinations in the e

248 Idh, the enzyme that converts isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate, providing mechanistic explanation f

249 Glucose, galacturonic acid, alpha-ketoglutarate, pyruvate, acetoin and acetaldehyde

250 we have characterized the stereochemistry of alpha-ketoglutarate reduction by showing that d-2-HGA, b

251 Prior studies showed that alpha-ketoglutarate regulated the ability of PII to cont

252 Here, we show that a similar pattern of alpha-ketoglutarate regulation was obtained with another

253 Mechanistically, addition of exogenous alpha-ketoglutarate replenishes TCA intermediates and re

254 mination of KIC and glutamate to leucine and alpha-ketoglutarate, respectively.

255 iciently respire formate but is deficient in alpha-ketoglutarate respiratory activity compared to the

256 he mitochondria via glutamate synthesis from alpha-ketoglutarate resulting in cataplerosis.

257 A cell-permeable ester of alpha-ketoglutarate reversed the low TCA cycle intermedi

258 ession was dependent on the concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate substrate in glioma cell lines and c

259 death, which is suppressed by glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate supplementation.

260 ADP acted antagonistically to alpha-ketoglutarate, that is, low adenylylate energy cha

261 to the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate through glutaminase and alanine amin

262 Variation of the concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate through its physiological range prov

263 s is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate" by Ward and c

264 s is a neomorphic enzyme activity converting alpha-ketoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate".

265 te and acquisition of the ability to convert alpha-ketoglutarate to 2HG.

266 els in reverse of the citric acid cycle from alpha-ketoglutarate to citrate.

267 morphic enzymatic activity: the reduction of alpha-ketoglutarate to d-2-hydroxyglutaric acid, which i

268 ine biosynthesis pathway, in addition reduce alpha-ketoglutarate to D-2HG using NADH and represent ma

269 exception of E78A, which exhibits binding of alpha-ketoglutarate to E and E.NADH.

270 , the enzymes needed to convert glutamine to alpha-ketoglutarate to enter the TCA cycle.

271 SRC-2 stimulated reductive carboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate to generate citrate via retrograde T

272 ted leucine catabolism and transamination of alpha-ketoglutarate to glutamate, with impaired TCA anap

273 zes reversible transamination of leucine and alpha-ketoglutarate to KIC and glutamate, the first step

274 utaminolysis, the conversion of glutamine to alpha-ketoglutarate to maintain the TCA cycle (anapleros

275 n of a combination of 1 mm cysteine and 1 mm alpha-ketoglutarate to promote sulphide synthesis via th

276 to catalyse the NADPH-dependent reduction of alpha-ketoglutarate to R(-)-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG).

277 CRCs convert substantially more glutamine to alpha-ketoglutarate to replenish the tricarboxylic acid

278 ase (OOR), which catalyzes the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl coenzyme A (succinyl-CoA

279 that human cells use reductive metabolism of alpha-ketoglutarate to synthesize AcCoA for lipid synthe

280 ctural alteration that leads to catalysis of alpha-ketoglutarate to the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglu

281 nfer gain-of-function activity by converting alpha-ketoglutarate to the oncometabolite R-2-hydroxyglu

282 Last, addition of the TCA cycle intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate to the Rb TKO MEFs reversed the inhi

283 The ammonia is transferred to alpha-ketoglutarate via glutamate dehydrogenase, yieldin

284 Apparently, alpha-ketoglutarate was generated from unlabeled glutama

285 stimulation, net synthesis of glutamate from alpha-ketoglutarate was impaired in GDH-deficient islets

286 Although alpha-ketoglutarate was required for the binding of PII

287 to NRII equally well as the concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate was varied through its physiological

288 Subsequent binding of the substrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, was characterized by a rapid equili

289 The apparent K(m)s of MJ1391 for ll-DAP and alpha-ketoglutarate were 82.8 + or - 10 microM and 0.42

290 Total cell citrate and alpha-ketoglutarate were near isotopic equilibrium as ex

291 alpha-Ketoglutarate, which acts exclusively through its

292 s of glutaminolysis catabolites particularly alpha-ketoglutarate, which are generated in an mTORC2-de

293 sm by increasing production of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate, which in turn results in enhanced m

294 hydrogenase expression and the production of alpha-ketoglutarate, which negatively regulate hypoxia-i

295 ing the metabolism of glutamine/glutamate to alpha-ketoglutarate, which, in turn, is metabolized to p

296 n of the enzyme (conversion of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate) while conferring a new enzymatic fu

297 ementation with the mitochondrial metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate, whose synthesis is regulated by RIP

298 alyze the Stetter-like conjugate addition of alpha-ketoglutarate with isochorismate to release 2-succ

299 (2)) is a Stetter-like conjugate addition of alpha-ketoglutarate with isochorismate.

300 whereby Q-derived glutamate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate with the concomitant conversion of o