ライフサイエンスコーパス: amoebae

1 AE is the formation of granulomas around the amoebae.

2 required for maximal intracellular growth in amoebae.

3 [Rozellomycota], an intranuclear parasite of amoebae.

4 ts exhibited intracellular multiplication in amoebae.

5 ater bacterium and intracellular parasite of amoebae.

6 ted and unphosphorylated actin colocalize in amoebae.

7 stained the plasma membrane of D. discoideum amoebae.

8 le intracellular pathogen of macrophages and amoebae.

9 o potential pathogens, including free-living amoebae.

10 rs that either induce encystment or kill the amoebae.

11 /manganese uptake, and bacterial survival in amoebae.

12 F. tularensis is also able to survive within amoebae.

13 H. capsulatum conidia were also cytotoxic to amoebae.

14 r chromosomes before mitosis of the emergent amoebae.

15 pneumophila evolved as a parasite of aquatic amoebae.

16 acrophages and Hartmannella and Acanthamoeba amoebae.

17 hamoeba castellanii, which leads to death of amoebae.

18 ion protected these cells against killing by amoebae.

19 an virulence also promote fungal survival in amoebae.

20 permissively gated, mixed GFP(+) and GFP(-)) amoebae.

21 ms the developmental totipotency of prespore amoebae.

22 chloroplasts of algae and in mitochondria of amoebae.

23 asses), which did not cross-react with other amoebae.

24 ntracellularly in both human macrophages and amoebae.

25 to cell growth to ensure survival of emerged amoebae.

26 end-mediated DNA insertion in Dictyostelium amoebae.

27 juxtaposed to the bacterial surfaces within amoebae.

28 t aquaporin allowed rapid water entry in the amoebae.

29 phoglycosylated protein in bacterially grown amoebae.

30 culum of L. pneumophila cells and uninfected amoebae.

31 egion were constructed and used to transform amoebae.

32 acellular replication within macrophages and amoebae.

33 pseudopod extension in motile Dictyostelium amoebae.

34 es containing L. pneumophila was detected in amoebae.

35 e to survive within both human monocytes and amoebae.

36 ents by growing in a wide variety of aquatic amoebae.

37 ivity is critical for promoting infection of amoebae.

38 acuolar proliferation within macrophages and amoebae.

39 macrophages is conserved during infection of amoebae.

40 ens that share the same ecological niches as amoebae.

41 cterium marinum strains which failed to lyse amoebae.

42 es, cellulose delta(13)C, and fossil testate amoebae.

43 uding the largest known viruses, multiply in amoebae.

44 r producing resistance to grazing by certain amoebae.

45 ect in macrophages but was without effect in amoebae.

46 pression in phagocytic than in nonphagocytic amoebae.

47 multicellular stage and in spores but not in amoebae.

48 d O-antigen expression and susceptibility to amoebae.

49 the SibA adhesion molecule in Dictyostelium amoebae.

50 tion of single regions reduced growth within amoebae.

51 Of the isolated amoebae, 31 were Acanthamoeba spp., 21 were Hartmannella

52 of host cells, including macrophages and the amoebae Acanthamoeba castellanii and Hartmannella vermif

53 The soil amoebae Acanthamoeba causes Acanthamoeba keratitis, a se

54 Infection in murine macrophages, amoebae (Acanthamoeba castellanii), nematodes (Caenorhab

55 he mce cluster resulted in virulence towards amoebae (Acanthamoeba polyphaga) and reduced colonizatio

56 e sheath that is constructed when the social amoebae aggregate and the spore coats of the individual

57 When amoebae aggregate they do not perfectly discriminate aga

58 Nutrient-deprived Dictyostelium amoebae aggregate to form a multicellular structure by c

59 achieve the multicellular stage, individual amoebae aggregate upon starvation to form a fruiting bod

60 llular stage in which not necessarily clonal amoebae aggregate upon starvation to form a possibly chi

61 g mainly in macrophages, with replication in amoebae also having been reported.

62 tants, blocked for growth in macrophages and amoebae, also did not grow in D. discoideum.

63 no significant differences between cultured amoebae and amoebae from liver abscesses.

64 Amoebae and bacteria interact within predator-prey and h

65 Legionella pneumophila colonizes freshwater amoebae and can also replicate within alveolar macrophag

66 al selection in environmental hosts, such as amoebae and free-living nematodes.

67 s of infectious agents, including pathogenic amoebae and fungi.

68 equired for L. pneumophila infection of both amoebae and human macrophages.

69 in the cytoplasm of nonmotile Dictyostelium amoebae and human neutrophils, concentrates with F-actin

70 ithin iron-depleted Hartmannella vermiformis amoebae and human U937 cell macrophages.

71 nella pneumophila is a bacterial pathogen of amoebae and humans.

72 lular proliferation, but is limiting in both amoebae and humans.

73 Virulent P. aeruginosa strains kill these amoebae and leave an intact bacterial lawn.

74 nst severin isolated from both Dictyostelium amoebae and Lewis lung carcinoma cells.

75 n the laboratory in a variety of fresh-water amoebae and macrophage-like cell lines.

76 Legionella pneumophila replicates within amoebae and macrophages and causes the severe pneumonia

77 lla genomes, in entry of L. pneumophila into amoebae and macrophages and in host-specific intracellul

78 intracellular bacterium that resides within amoebae and macrophages in a specialized compartment ter

79 Entry of the deletion mutant into amoebae and macrophages was decreased by >70%.

80 Histoplasma capsulatum were each ingested by amoebae and macrophages, and phagocytosis of yeast cells

81 tic reduction in intracellular growth within amoebae and macrophages, two phenotypes that are not exh

82 on and a replicative cell type that grows in amoebae and macrophages.

83 cation when stationary-phase bacteria infect amoebae and macrophages.

84 host cells for Legionnaires' disease, i.e., amoebae and macrophages.

85 mechanism within D. discoideum as it does in amoebae and macrophages.

86 hin a Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV) of amoebae and macrophages.

87 ty of V. cholerae cells toward Dictyostelium amoebae and mammalian J774 macrophages by a contact-depe

88 In Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae and mammalian leukocytes, the receptors and G-pr

89 markably similar in Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae and mammalian leukocytes.

90 tative intracellular pathogen of free-living amoebae and mammalian phagocytes.

91 C. elegans feeds on the amoebae and multiplies indefinitely when amoebae are the

92 ers of magnitude in Acanthamoeba castellanii amoebae and nearly 2 orders of magnitude in J774 mouse m

93 Experiments in amoebae and neutrophils have shown that local accumulati

94 We find that amoebae and neutrophils, cells traditionally used to stu

95 tion pathways underlying gradient sensing in amoebae and neutrophils.

96 egionella pneumophila, a parasite of aquatic amoebae and pathogen of pulmonary macrophages, replicate

97 tion against environmental predators such as amoebae and provide an explanation for the broad host ra

98 thods for long-term storage of Dictyostelium amoebae and spores.

99 predators such as free-living nematodes and amoebae and suggest that C. elegans can be used as a sim

100 lity to grow within Hartmannella vermiformis amoebae and the human macrophage-like U937 cells.

101 organisms were prepared by coculture of the amoebae and virulent L. pneumophila cells in vitro.

102 t role in the symbiotic relationship between amoebae and X-bacteria.

103 ion and characterization of giant viruses of amoebae, and a particular focus on their role in humans

104 Motile cells such as bacteria, amoebae, and fibroblasts display a continual level of en

105 in homologous proteins in other green algae, amoebae, and pathogenic fungi.

106 licated as the wild type did in macrophages, amoebae, and the lungs of mice.

107 is apparent innate immune function in social amoebae, and the use of TirA for bacterial feeding, sugg

108 of the transcriptional response of wild-type amoebae, and this allowed their classification into pote

109 When expressed in D. discoideum amoebae, AqpB-GFP fusion constructs localized to vacuola

110 Like dendritic cells, Dictyostelium amoebae are active in macropinocytosis, and various prot

111 Giant viruses of amoebae are complex microorganisms.

112 Since environmental amoebae are implicated as reservoirs for an increasing n

113 lts demonstrate that L. pneumophila-infected amoebae are infectious particles in replicative L. pneum

114 r proteins which are important for growth in amoebae are likely secreted by this pathway.

115 When farmer and non-farmer amoebae are mixed together at various frequencies and al

116 Free-living amoebae are protozoa ubiquitously found in water systems

117 at about 2 h, and then rapidly declining as amoebae are released from spores.

118 Testate amoebae are representative heterotrophs in peatlands [16

119 the amoebae and multiplies indefinitely when amoebae are the sole food source.

120 strong suspicion that mycobacteria could use amoebae as a vehicle for protection and even replication

121 These data identify amoebae as potential environmental reservoirs as well as

122 n the surprisingly rapidly changing shape of amoebae as they swim and earlier theoretical schemes for

123 Uniform exposure of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae as well as mammalian leukocytes to chemoattracta

124 to "climb up." The "apparent weight" of the amoebae at stalling rpm in myosin mutants depended on th

125 showed that, after attaching to host cells, amoebae bite off and ingest distinct host cell fragments

126 Giant viruses of amoebae bring upheaval to the definition of viruses and

127 Nematodes kill the amoebae but disperse the spores.

128 exclusively as an intracellular parasite of amoebae, but it also persists in the environment as a fr

129 es naturally in fresh water as a parasite of amoebae, but it can also replicate within alveolar macro

130 in of Cn did not survive when incubated with amoebae, but melanization protected these cells against

131 eruginosa was investigated in 43 isolates of amoebae by multiplex PCR.

132 I hypothesise that amoebae can escape the ravages of accumulated mutation b

133 r in a population of randomly mutated social amoebae can select for cheater-resistance.

134 Growing amoebae carrying the construct accumulated the protein p

135 Free-living amoebae cause three well-defined disease entities: a rap

136 Gel-shift analysis of undifferentiated amoebae cell extract revealed a protein migrating at 0.4

137 AMP-induced aggregation, although individual amoebae chemotax normally.

138 Upon starvation, individual Dictyostelium amoebae chemotax toward aggregation centers in tightly p

139 e mutant had a decreased replication rate in amoebae compared with isogenic strains.

140 ila-infected H. vermiformis organisms (10(6) amoebae containing 10(5) bacteria), and intrapulmonary g

141 Our data imply that although amoebae could function as a training ground for intracel

142 impaired 20-fold in Hartmannella vermiformis amoebae cultured in the presence of an iron chelator.

143 Although AH induced encystment of the amoebae, cysts remained viable.

144 The emerged amoebae dehydrate due to the high osmolarity within the

145 During invasive infection, highly motile amoebae destroy the colonic epithelium, enter the blood

146 After cell killing, amoebae detach and cease ingestion.

147 Free-living cells of the social amoebae Dictyostelium discoideum can aggregate and devel

148 The social amoebae Dictyostelium discoideum cooperate by forming mu

149 n is the formation of the slug in the social amoebae Dictyostelium discoideum.

150 Mutant amoebae display reduced survival during nitrogen starvat

151 L. pneumophila within macrophages and within amoebae during early stages of the infection.

152 shape and movement in starved Dictyostelium amoebae during migration toward a chemoattractant in a m

153 While some amoebae reproduce sexually, many amoebae (e.g., Acanthamoeba, Naegleria) reproduce asexua

154 the bacteria form lawns on these plates with amoebae embedded in them.

155 Starving Dictyostelium amoebae emit pulses of the chemoattractant cAMP that are

156 We found that growth of M. avium in amoebae enhances both entry and intracellular replicatio

157 The present results show that amoebae exposed to C. xerosis produce increased amounts

158 orescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) upon amoebae expressing a mutated green fluorescent protein g

159 After aggregation of social amoebae, extracellular cAMP binding to surface receptors

160 Social amoebae feed on bacteria in the soil but aggregate when

161 Wildtype Dictyostelium amoebae feed on bacteria, but for decades laboratory wor

162 Amoebae feed on these bacteria and form plaques in their

163 ic cells, including Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, fibroblasts, and neutrophils, are able to respo

164 ntified putative TPS genes in six species of amoebae, five of which are multicellular social amoebae

165 nd interaction of Legionella and free-living amoebae (FLA) due to biofilm formation, elevated tempera

166 The occurrence of free-living amoebae (FLA) was investigated in 83 water samples from

167 We hypothesized that Free-living amoebae (FLA), as ubiquitous inhabitants of soil and wat

168 AK were sampled and cultured for free-living amoebae (FLA).

169 phic protists, including ciliates, Rhizaria (amoebae, foraminifera, radiolaria) and flagellate taxa.

170 eum there is a stage in which the aggregated amoebae form a migrating slug that moves forward in a po

171 th muscle, striated muscle, and two types of amoebae form unique thick filaments by different pathway

172 Acanthamoebae are free-living amoebae found in the environment, including soil, freshw

173 lated in endogenous myosin isolated from the amoebae: four serines in the nonhelical tailpiece and Se

174 s phagocytosis, phagocytic and nonphagocytic amoebae from a single culture were purified.

175 ant differences between cultured amoebae and amoebae from liver abscesses.

176 All treated and untreated groups of amoebae from the 2 strains exhibited growth (radii of 14

177 ebae, five of which are multicellular social amoebae from the order of Dictyosteliida.

178 for months, through multiple life cycles of amoebae grown on the lawns of other bacteria, thus demon

179 n vitro-grown bacteria, macrophage-grown and amoebae-grown AA200 and AA224 showed an equal and dramat

180 L. pneumophila employs T2S for infection of amoebae, growth within lung cells, dampening of cytokine

181 macrophages and 32% of infected A. polyphaga amoebae harbor cytoplasmic bacteria.

182 In addition, the use of ST4P with cultured amoebae has indicated the potential of oligonucleotide p

183 interact with macrophages, slime molds, and amoebae in a similar manner, suggesting that fungal path

184 These results highlight the importance of amoebae in natural waters as reservoirs of potential pat

185 h the chemotactic aggregation of up to 10(6) amoebae in response to propagating cAMP waves.

186 to the AC of hamster eyes, and the number of amoebae in the AC was determined by histopathology 1 to

187 ween genotypes) for the life cycle of social amoebae in which we theoretically explore multiple non-s

188 within macrophage-like cells and freshwater amoebae, indicating that hbp is not required for intrace

189 uring growth within Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, indicating that the requirement for SdhA shows

190 r T3SS-dependent cytotoxicity towards social amoebae, insect cells, and erythrocytes.

191 ets of genes whose expression is enriched in amoebae interacting with different species of bacteria,

192 eria, including sets that appear specific to amoebae interacting with Gram(+) or with Gram(-) bacteri

193 , characterized by precocious aggregation of amoebae into multicellular aggregates.

194 Injection of amoebae into the AC induced a robust neutrophil infiltra

195 racellular defect of the peptidase mutant in amoebae is explained by the loss of type II secretion.

196 Direct killing of host cells by the amoebae is likely to be the driving factor that underlie

197 emonstrate that L. pneumophila virulence for amoebae is required for maximal intrapulmonary growth of

198 Here we report the discovery that amoebae kill by ingesting distinct pieces of living huma

199 Microscopy, fungal and amoebae killing assays, and phagocytosis assays revealed

200 Inside amoebae, L. pneumophila was detected in 13.9% (6/43) of

201 ical for Legionella pneumophila infection of amoebae, macrophages, and mice.

202 Individual amoebae may also protect themselves by secreting compoun

203 sults are consistent with the view that soil amoebae may contribute to the selection and maintenance

204 vision of a single cell, genetically diverse amoebae may enter an aggregate and, if one lineage has a

205 rmis and support the hypothesis that inhaled amoebae may potentiate intrapulmonary growth of L. pneum

206 can efficiently infect mice, indicating that amoebae may represent an environmental vector within whi

207 pply and reached mean densities of 2.5 log10 amoebae.mL(-1) in garden hose water.

208 llanii and Hartmannella vermiformis, the two amoebae most commonly linked to cases of disease.

209 dominant mixotrophs, the mixotrophic testate amoebae (MTA).

210 equivalent survival rates when cultured with amoebae, nematodes, and macrophages.

211 When confronted with starvation, the amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum initiate a developme

212 Amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum release ammonia duri

213 microscope, acceleration was increased until amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum were "stalled" or no

214 In conditions of starvation, the free living amoebae of Dictyostelium enter a developmental program:

215 Free-living amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba can cause severe and c

216 Enteric amoebae of the genus Entamoeba travel from host to host

217 e types and by its failure to hybridize with amoebae of two other genera (Hartmannella vermiformis an

218 nwhile, the inactivation and infectivity (to amoebae) of the released L. pneumophila were studied.

219 enetic screen utilizing the growth of mutant amoebae on a variety of bacteria as a phenotypic readout

220 The effect of inhaled amoebae on the pathogenesis of Legionnaires' disease was

221 hin phagocytes and transmission between host amoebae or macrophages.

222 y noxious substances to other cells, such as amoebae or phagocytes.

223 aquatic environments, but replicates within amoebae or the alveolar macrophages of immunocompromised

224 Because Msp is not required for growth in amoebae, other proteins which are important for growth i

225 bly of myosin II in Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae partially controls the orderly formation of cont

226 The amoebae penetrated Descemet's membrane within 24 hours o

227 mouse) and uninfected H. vermiformis (10[6] amoebae per mouse).

228 r mouse) and Hartmannella vermiformis (10(6) amoebae per mouse).

229 r to determine whether growth of M. avium in amoebae plays a role in human infections, we tested the

230 e studies, demonstrating that intrapulmonary amoebae potentiate replicative L. pneumophila lung infec

231 ries of dilutions and determining the MPN of amoebae present from statistical tables.

232 Chemotaxing neutrophils and Dictyostelium amoebae produce in their plasma membranes the signaling

233 We cultured, on Acanthamoeba polyphaga amoebae, pulmonary samples from 196 Tunisian patients wi

234 In this manner these amoebae reap the benefits of an asexual reproductive exi

235 hin the sorus, and by 72 h 4% or less of the amoebae remain as spores, while most cells are now nonvi

236 in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae remains elusive.

237 d not associate with the other naked, lobose amoebae represented by Acanthamoeba and Hartmannella, in

238 While some amoebae reproduce sexually, many amoebae (e.g., Acantham

239 24 h, 99 and 78% of infected macrophages and amoebae, respectively, contain cytoplasmic bacteria.

240 opmental transitions for solitary and social amoebae, respectively.

241 h fungal species, exposure of yeast cells to amoebae resulted in an increase in hyphal cells.

242 Genome sequences of social amoebae reveal the presence of terpene cyclases (TCs) in

243 of Dictylostelium discoideum occurs when the amoebae run out of their bacterial prey and aggregate in

244 art of the most represented genera composing amoebae's microbiome.

245 Dictyostelium amoebae show striking electrotaxis in an applied direct

246 amoebae to secrete cAMP, toward which other amoebae stream, forming multicellular mounds that differ

247 Pathogenic free-living amoebae, such as Acanthamoeba species, Balamuthia mandri

248 Free-living amoebae, such as Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba spp., a

249 omplex for pointed ends and its abundance in amoebae suggest that in vivo all actin filament pointed

250 bent under centrifugal force in all stalled amoebae, suggesting that this pseudopod is very dense in

251 that Dictyostelium as well as the other soil amoebae that synthesize cycloartenol evolved from algal

252 xillins I and II in the cortex of vegetative amoebae, the leading edge of motile cells, and the cleav

253 alysis of Entamoeba extracts showed that the amoebae themselves contain catecholamines and at least o

254 Sex determination in the social amoebae thus appears to use regulators that are unrelate

255 Application of amoebae to a library of mutants of S. elongatus led to t

256 lium transitions from a group of unicellular amoebae to an integrated multicellular organism.

257 nding protein (MBP) mediates adhesion of the amoebae to corneal epithelial cells, a key first step in

258 ) is a polyketide that induces Dictyostelium amoebae to differentiate as prestalk cells.

259 g body and the constituent cells change from amoebae to either refractile spores or vacuolated stalk

260 s on the ocular surface, which stimulate the amoebae to elaborate a 133-kDa pathogenic protease.

261 ed by the chemotactic response of individual amoebae to excitable waves of cAMP.

262 for some S cell functions and for vegetative amoebae to feed on live bacteria.

263 In Dictyostelium, starvation induces amoebae to form migratory slugs that translocate from su

264 otor behaviour of all living organisms, from amoebae to humans.

265 ting a vast diversity of hosts, ranging from amoebae to humans.

266 n widely expressed in organisms ranging from amoebae to mammals that has been shown to play vital rol

267 The binding of amoebae to mannose-GPs was blocked by free methyl-alpha-

268 Subsequent steps in pathogenesis require the amoebae to penetrate and degrade collagen.

269 Starvation induces Dictyostelium amoebae to secrete cAMP, toward which other amoebae stre

270 macrophage-like U937 cells and Hartmannella amoebae to the same degree as did wild-type legionellae,

271 ability of prespore Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae to undergo redifferentiation so as to reestablis

272 rain to be 40- to 80-fold more infective for amoebae, unequivocally demonstrating that Cas2 facilitat

273 During development, C. elegans feeds on amoebae until they aggregate and synthesize an extracell

274 Inhibition of amoebapore gene expression in amoebae was obtained following transfection with a hybri

275 plasma membrane of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, was postulated previously to play a role in pha

276 vering protein from Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, we have identified a mammalian form of severin

277 Giant viruses of amoebae were discovered serendipitously in 2003; they ar

278 Subsequently, these 13C-prelabeled amoebae were infected with L. pneumophila wild type or s

279 es for Cn after ingestion by macrophages and amoebae were similar.

280 ng point more than 5 mm, indicating that the amoebae were viable.

281 lustrate the potential for other free-living amoebae, which are not normally associated with human di

282 seminated by horizontal gene transfer within amoebae, which are permissive hosts for either intracell

283 environment, M. marinum also interacts with amoebae, which may serve as a natural reservoir for this

284 e well-studied Dictyostelium discoideum, are amoebae whose life cycle includes both a single-cellular

285 conditioned media obtained after incubating amoebae with the host cells.

286 is important for the general fitness of the amoebae with the mutant strain displaying a substantial

287 a survives and replicates in macrophages and amoebae within a specialized phagosome that does not fus

288 amoeba species are among the most ubiquitous amoebae, yet Acanthamoeba keratitis is remarkably rare.