ライフサイエンスコーパス: amol

1 (2.2 vs 27 fmol/mL) and mass (5.5 vs 54,000 amol) detection limits relative to those of LSC for thes

2 = 32), limit of detection of (14)C was 0.04 amol, and limit of quantification was 0.07 amol, and a s

3 4 amol, and limit of quantification was 0.07 amol, and a skilled analyst can prepare as many as 270 A

4 s contained the least PDGF-A mRNA (0.3+/-0.1 amol/microgram total RNA).

5 on of 500 pM (approximately 14 ng/mL) or 7.1 amol of ricin is demonstrated.

6 t can reach down to 0.2 amol of NAD(+) and 1 amol of NADH with a homemade capillary electrophoresis l

7 n, this value corresponds to approximately 1 amol of NO/cell.

8 f detection of this assay is approximately 1 amol.

9 Detectable signals were obtained for 1 amol of IgE applied either in a single, 1microL applicat

10 hodology had a limit of detection (LOD) of 1 amol of BPDE-N(2)-dG on-column, corresponding to 1 BPDE-

11 or scalability, allowing detection of only 1 amol of protein in microfluidic channels of 100 pL volum

12 High mass sensitivity (approximately 10 amol of peptides) in the MS and MS/MS modes using an ion

13 ence coverage (20-60%), from as little as 10 amol loaded on-column.

14 As low as 10 amol of mutated strands was detected by this assay, and

15 With this technique, less than 10 amol of label-free adenine molecules could be detected r

16 /A serum activities ranging from ~3600 to 10 amol/L in blood of mice that had been intravenously inje

17 it achieved for ricin target peptides was 10 amol and the corresponding detection limit for the full

18 ided a detection limit of 4 pg mL(-)(1) (100 amol mL(-)(1)), for prostate specific antigen (PSA) in 1

19 e, it is possible to see as little as 10-100 amol of polymerase product, representing as little as 0.

20 ol for metabolic acids and approximately 100 amol for monoamines.

21 s from beads each carrying approximately 100 amol of a 624 bp product demonstrate that these amplicon

22 leles at target concentrations as low as 100 amol/assay (0.5 pM).

23 30 nL of sequencing sample prepared from 100 amol (60 million molecules) of human mitochondrial hyper

24 a total of 100 amol in water (1 microL, 100 amol/microL).

25 microL, 300 amol/microL) and a total of 100 amol in water (1 microL, 100 amol/microL).

26 nd a limit of detection (LOD) lower than 100 amol was achieved.

27 concentration limit of detection at the 100 amol/microL level.

28 ssay conditions, sensitivities of 80 and 110 amol were achieved for CBR1 and CBR3, respectively.

29 ted to be 90 +/- 15, 18 +/- 2, and 60 +/- 12 amol/cell (n = 5) in the nuclear-enriched, organelle-enr

30 ulated mass detection limits (S/N = 3) of 12 amol and 15 amol for dopamine and isoproterenol, respect

31 d a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 nM or 12 amol injected for SH2-Bbeta (525-670).

32 owing for limits of detection of 100 and 120 amol, respectively.

33 hariot, achieving sensitivity as high as 120 amol for a 1:1 signal-to-noise ratio and 5 mum spatial r

34 ction (LOD) for 35S-labeled analytes is 0.13 amol (8.7 pM or 0.007 Bq), while the LOD for 32P-labeled

35 y AMS to obtain limits of quantitation of 14 amol.

36 rovement is confirmed via measurement of 140 amol of the most common nitroxide spin label in a approx

37 and mass detection limits are 0.3 nM and 15 amol for a 105-microm biosensor, and 10 nM and 0.27 amol

38 detection limits (S/N = 3) of 12 amol and 15 amol for dopamine and isoproterenol, respectively.

39 ast cytochrome c variants using less than 15 amol of protein through tryptic fingerprinting.

40 idensis tryptic digest, and approximately 15-amol detection limits for peptides were obtained using a

41 both targets, with LOD values of 650 fM (160 amol) and 190 fM (50 amol) for the event-specific and th

42 30 min, with a detection limit of 9 fM (0.17 amol).

43 as saturable, with Vmax and KM of 197 +/- 17 amol min-1 cell-1 and 1.64 +/- 0.46 microM, respectively

44 The assay has a detection limit of 178 amol (89.6 fg) and a lower limit of quantification of 70

45 The detection limit is 0.19 amol for dG-gx-dC and 0.89 amol for dG-gx-dA, which is 4

46 A detection limit of 1 x 10(-11) M (190 amol), equivalent to 8.67 x 10(5) copies of DNA was achi

47 ed insulin detection limits of 9.3 nM or 190 amol (1.9 x 10(-16) mol).

48 The detection limit can reach down to 0.2 amol of NAD(+) and 1 amol of NADH with a homemade capill

49 zed to offer a detection limit of 50 fM (0.2 amol) DNA target.

50 Mass detection limits as low as 2 amol, corresponding to 1 pM concentration, were achieved

51 findings suggest ssDNA can be detected at 2 amol without a sample preparation step and without the u

52 The method has a low detection limit of 2 amol (1000 copies), and was successfully applied for non

53 case, the sensor detected the presence of 2 amol of complementary 10-mer strand.

54 ing to a mass detection limit (S/N = 3) of 2 amol.

55 The average cell took up roughly 2 amol (10(6) copies) of the labeled substrate.

56 he oocytes is an average of approximately 20 amol.

57 L of ethyl acetate containing essentially 20 amol of each product was injected, on the basis of selec

58 etection limit of the combined system was 20 amol of serotonin standard with one laser pulse.

59 The approximately 20-amol detection limit of CAI was confirmed by the CE/ESI-

60 s in the 4-5 microM range (approximately 200 amol injected) were obtained with the Pt EC electrodes e

61 can quantify Reelin mRNA (approximately 200 amol/ g of total RNA) and visualize it by in situ hybrid

62 ntaining comparable limits of detection (200 amol of Glu fib peptide).

63 sulfates from the biological matrix was 200 amol/microL (approximately 80 fg/microL) with only 1 mic

64 ts using this technique are 0.7, 2.4, and 23 amol for the aromatic amino acids tryptophan, tyrosine,

65 ntargeted (discovery) proteomics with ca. 25 amol lower limit of detection.

66 assay and reagent optimization, a sub-pM (25 amol) limit of detection could be achieved in buffer and

67 PDMS channels, and a detection limit of 250 amol for CT was obtained from the calibration curves.

68 A detection limit of 250 amol of target with a linear dynamic range of 3 orders o

69 10(-8)-1 x 10(-5)M), and between 1.3 and 254 amol of the labeled peptides were injected on column.

70 r a 105-microm biosensor, and 10 nM and 0.27 amol for a submicrometer biosensor, respectively.

71 oaperture array yielded a LOD of 4.2 +/- 0.3 amol.

72 ich contained an average amount of 5.9 +/- 3 amol.

73 corresponding to a mass detection limit of 3 amol.

74 toglobulin B, were <0.5 pg (approximately 30 amol) of injected sample.

75 nd Teflon, was explored, and spectra from 30 amol of peptide applied to these surfaces were routinely

76 hod detection limit of pY reached down to 30 amol with the RSD lower than 5.70 % (n = 5 at pmol level

77 of sample, at a concentration limit of < 300 amol/microliters for peptide analysis by collision-induc

78 the low nanomolar range (i.e., <50 nM (<300 amol)) for a number of cell-to-cell signaling molecules,

79 rtificial cerebrospinal fluid (1 microL, 300 amol/microL) and a total of 100 amol in water (1 microL,

80 with arg8-vasotocin, in which a total of 300 amol is detected in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (1 mi

81 n ESI-MS limit of detection of less than 300 amol and CID spectra suitable for searching sequence dat

82 ensitivity (limit of detection was 10 fg, 31 amol on column) for detection of pure Acro-dG adduct sta

83 l of sample at a concentration limit of < 33 amol/microliters for peptide mass measurement, and < 10

84 ion limit and is able to detect as low as 35 amol of the target small RNA.

85 The system was able to detect 35 amol of target DNA in an assay composed of a 60-min hybr

86 Detection limits of 0.1 microM or 38 amol were determined for the HRP-Os/AChE-ChO electrode.

87 responding mass detection limit equal to 3.4 amol (injection volume = 425 pL).

88 tely 2700 molecules) for aflatoxin B2 to 3.4 amol for the cholera toxin A-subunit.

89 ha(v)beta(3) integrin was down to 69.2-309.4 amol per cell depending on the type of the alpha(v)beta(

90 mined to be 0.14 fmol for phenanthrene and 4 amol for caffeine and to a printed caffeine pattern for

91 ent steepness allowed a detection limit of 4 amol, corresponding to 2 pM for 1.8 microL injected on-c

92 c signals were observed when as little as 40 amol (400 fM) of the desired target was present in the h

93 tion for His6 was, therefore, as low as ~400 amol.

94 A detection limit of 400 amol was achieved for angiotensin I using the nanofibrou

95 tric analysis of tryptic peptides at the 400-amol level.

96 tion properties with a detection limit of 41 amol injected on column.

97 s were approximately 20 and approximately 44 amol, respectively.

98 and was adsorbed, giving a sensitivity of 44 amol/mm2.

99 RNA in cellular RNA samples at the 27- to 45-amol level (10-17 pg) with high precision (%CV < 7).

100 moglobin A (Hb-tetramer at approximately 450 amol/cell)a tetramer formed by two alpha-beta-subunits a

101 q), with a linear range for 35S-Met from 1.5 amol to 1.5 fmol.

102 limit of detection of all peptides was 71.5 amol/muL (nM), and the coefficient of variation (CV) was

103 sitive, specific detection of as little as 5 amol (50 fM in 100 muL) of target DNA.

104 D values of 650 fM (160 amol) and 190 fM (50 amol) for the event-specific and the taxon-specific targ

105 oise ratio (S/N) of 49.6 was observed for 50 amol of targeted peptide in the presence of a complex an

106 hine, and L-arginine phosphate range from 50 amol to 17 fmol (5 nM to 17 microM in the neurons under

107 Using this method, 50 amol of angiotensin II was detected reproducibly with hi

108 ttomoles (amol) each in water (10 microL, 50 amol/microL) are separated and detected, demonstrating d

109 the mass detection limits were less than 50 amol for metabolic acids and approximately 100 amol for

110 is highly sensitive, detecting less than 50 amol of angiotensin II and neurotensin in a microLC MALD

111 tection limit increased to approximately 500 amol.

112 rtificial cerebrospinal fluid (1 microL, 500 amol/microL) are separated and detected, demonstrating d

113 esulting in a mass limit of detection of 500 amol for tandem MS analysis of a standard peptide using

114 n ionization sensitivity during ESI (sub-500 amol/microL detection limit) accompanied by a markedly e

115 Two peptides in a mixture totaling 500 amol each in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (1 microL, 5

116 for Type VI-A horseradish peroxidase was 509 amol, and optimum signal enhancement was obtained at 769

117 ouse LD50 or 55 attomoles per milliliter (55 amol/mL) could be quantified.

118 ble catalytic currents when as little as 550 amol of strand was adsorbed, giving a sensitivity of 44

119 ding upon the peptide, corresponding to 5-59 amol injected.

120 tion limit of 32.9 microM (approximately 1.6 amol).

121 lobin and carbonic anhydrase were 37 and 1.6 amol, respectively, which correlate well with the litera

122 Fetal aortas were intermediate (10.2+/-1.6 amol/microgram total RNA); advanced atherosclerotic plaq

123 se of sensitivity, and finally an LOD of 2.6 amol was achieved with an artificial double-stranded DNA

124 -1 binding sites (105 +/- 10 versus 45 +/- 6 amol/mm(2); p < 0.001) and a greater proportion of ET(B)

125 a contained the most PDGF-A mRNa (34.0+/-7.6 amol/microgram total RNA).

126 mance (limit of detection of approximately 6 amol of an in-vitro-transcribed model target) comparable

127 results show a low limit of detection of 60 amol and a wide dynamic range of 3 orders magnitude for

128 ) g mL(-1) (2.0 pM), which corresponds to 60 amol of TNF-alpha in 30 microL of sample.

129 detection (by a factor of ~13, reaching 600 amol for verapamil), and extended dynamic range (6 order

130 arching sequence databases obtained with 600 amol of sample applied to the capillary.

131 The limits of detection are 660 amol of sample at a concentration limit of < 33 amol/mic

132 cation of 0.65 mBq/mL (corresponding to 0.67 amol for acetaminophen).

133 he new biosensor can detect as little as 0.7 amol of thrombin in a 140-pL interrogated volume, has a

134 ation was used, and a detection limit of 1.7 amol (S/N = 3; rms) was obtained for serotonin.

135 sponding to a sensitivity of approximately 7 amol for individual proteins.

136 bonic anhydrase I (CAI-Zn at approximately 7 amol/cell) complexed with its zinc cofactor, and hemoglo

137 , carbonic anhydrase I (CAI, approximately 7 amol/cell), and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII, approximate

138 tained 85 +/-64 (n = 6) and 91 +/- 51 (n =7) amol of DOX, respectively.

139 ) and a lower limit of quantification of 700 amol (350 fg) of derivatized alpha-tocopherol in diluted

140 c anhydrase II (CAII-Zn at approximately 0.8 amol/cell) complexed with its zinc cofactor, carbonic an

141 rbonic anhydrase II (CAII, approximately 0.8 amol/cell), were separated from each other and detected

142 well as an absolute mass sensitivity of 6.8 amol and a minimum dynamic range of 2500 for the peptide

143 The limit of detection is 7.8 amol of fluorescein injected, representing a 2 orders of

144 for captured PrP(Sc) was calculated to be 8 amol from a approximately 10(5)-fold dilution of 10% (wt

145 allowed detection limits of 90-350 pM (20-80 amol) for all the amino acids tested.

146 roteins ranged from 20 (cytochrome c) to 800 amol (BSA).

147 t carbohydrates and steroids down to the 800-amol and 100-fmol levels, respectively.

148 eritoneal injection were 420-430 and 600-830 amol BPDE-type adducts per microg DNA.

149 ion limit is 0.19 amol for dG-gx-dC and 0.89 amol for dG-gx-dA, which is 400 and 80 times more sensit

150 centrations of TpMnSOD are approximately 0.9 amol cell(-1) using the recombinant protein as a standar

151 2 mRNA in these cells were 105, 190, and 0.9 amol per microgram of cellular RNA, respectively.

152 ion limits (S/N = 3) were as low as 89 +/- 9 amol, providing concentration detection limits as low as

153 lower limit of quantification was 94 and 90 amol for dG-gx-dC and dG-gx-dA, respectively, which is e

154 , the injected quantity was approximately 90 amol.

155 hemoglobin (Hb, alpha- and beta-chains, 900 amol/chain), carbonic anhydrase I (CAI, approximately 7

156 nalyze microliter biological samples with an amol limit of detection (LOD) is described.

157 hin the concentration range between pmol and amol.

158 which is consistent with detection of IgE at amol (pM) levels in standard solutions.

159 sensitivity (low limit of quantification at amol/muL), high specificity, and broad linear dynamics r

160 eptides in a mixture totaling 500 attomoles (amol) each in water (10 microL, 50 amol/microL) are sepa

161 terotrophic bacteria P uptake rate per cell (amol P mum(-3) h(-1)) was roughly an order of magnitude

162 f DNA from untreated cells (6.80 +/- 0.05 SE amol) was less than 1% of the mean.