ライフサイエンスコーパス: amyloplast

1 lla cell, or the number of starch grains per amyloplast.

2 les are synthesized and deposited within the amyloplast.

3 -biosynthetic enzymes during import into the amyloplast.

4 and as a degrading enzyme at the surface of amyloplasts.

5 BEI, BEIIa, and BEIIb) from maize (Zea mays) amyloplasts.

6 d types, such as proplastids, etioplasts, or amyloplasts.

7 ix during the course of starch deposition in amyloplasts.

8 y changing the size, number, and grouping of amyloplasts.

9 maize endosperm AGPase was localized in the amyloplasts.

10 whole endosperm with granules isolated from amyloplasts.

11 olith hypothesis proposes that starch-filled amyloplasts act as statoliths in plant gravisensing, mov

12 so discovered that, unlike in starch storage amyloplasts, all of the starch granules of statolith amy

13 S458) of tobacco (Nicotiana sylvestris) lack amyloplasts and plastid sedimentation, and have severely

14 cells through sedimentation of starch-filled amyloplasts and relocalization of the auxin transport pr

15 ella cells as the gravisensory cells because amyloplasts (and often other cellular components) are po

16 clude proplastids, etioplasts, chloroplasts, amyloplasts, and chromoplasts.

17 tiple plastid types, including chloroplasts, amyloplasts, and etioplasts.

18 isensing signals produced by the sedimenting amyloplasts, and that the confinement of all ER membrane

19 Our results show that fully functional root amyloplasts are not sufficient for root, or leaf, growth

20 These results indicate that starch-filled amyloplasts are required for the graviresponse of barley

21 focus on the buoyant weight of starch-filled amyloplasts as the initial gravity signal susceptor (sta

22 region excludes Golgi stacks, vacuoles, and amyloplasts but not mitochondria.

23 ensing was accompanied by the development of amyloplasts, but the actin cytoskeleton was not involved

24 Starch granules from amyloplasts contained markedly lower levels of delta-zei

25 The amyloplast-containing bundle sheath cells are the sites

26 dlings also display defects in etioplast and amyloplast development.

27 comutase (pgm) and sgr9, which show abnormal amyloplast distribution and reduced gravitropism at 1 g.

28 maize antibody was used to localize PSY1 to amyloplast envelope membranes and to determine PSY1 accu

29 to granule surfaces after disruption of the amyloplast envelope.

30 ize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) amyloplasts exist in cell extracts in high molecular wei

31 tional support for the idea that sedimenting amyloplasts function as statoliths in gravitropism.

32 this mutant and support the hypothesis that amyloplasts function as statoliths in shoots as well as

33 whether mutant hypocotyls contain sedimented amyloplasts, gravitropic sensitivity (induction time and

34 Similarly, the relative volume of starch in amyloplasts in columella cells of flight-grown seedlings

35 Root cap amyloplasts in mar2 arg1 appear ultrastructurally normal

36 Ee-BAM1 also surrounds the amyloplasts in mature cells toward the base of the bud.

37 Instead amyloplasts in microgravity were grouped near the cell c

38 serves to enhance the sedimentability of the amyloplasts in the central region of columella cells.

39 ions of the root and altered the dynamics of amyloplasts in the columella but did not inhibit the gra

40 Amyloplasts in the shoot endodermal cells of grv2 do not

41 Amyloplast is the site of starch synthesis in the storag

42 ), originally described for chloroplasts, in amyloplasts isolated from wheat starchy endosperm.

43 replaced with compound granules separated by amyloplast membrane.

44 Furthermore, the data identify a function of amyloplast membranes in the development of starch granul

45 Here, we show that amyloplast movement underlies shoot gravisensing by usin

46 Starch in pulvinus amyloplasts of barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Larker) disapp

47 Amyloplasts of flight-grown seedlings are significantly

48 A soluble stromal fraction was isolated from amyloplasts of immature maize (Zea mays L.) endosperm an

49 Amyloplasts of starchy tissues such as those of maize (Z

50 y accepted that AGPase was also localized in amyloplasts of starchy tissues.

51 Amyloplasts of wild-type seedlings showed the greatest s

52 e current study extends regulation by Trx to amyloplasts, organelles prevalent in heterotrophic plant

53 ee days on the clinostat, (ii) the number of amyloplasts per cell remained unchanged in microgravity

54 me of columella cells, the average number of amyloplasts per columella cell, or the number of starch

55 ogenous forces and mechanisms that influence amyloplast position and that are normally masked in stat

56 ant maize SBEIIb were used as substrates for amyloplast protein kinases to identify phosphorylation s

57 In this way, amyloplast reactions in the grain can be coordinated wit

58 These findings are consistent with amyloplast redistribution resulting from gravity-driven

59 abundant in mature infected cells and in the amyloplast-rich sheath of uninfected cortical cells lyin

60 a complex plastid zonation in that only some amyloplasts sediment along the length of the tip cell.

61 the correlation between hypergravity-induced amyloplast sedimentation and gravitropic curvature of th

62 its neither a shoot gravitropic response nor amyloplast sedimentation at 1 g.

63 bited both subsequent gravitropic growth and amyloplast sedimentation in the columella.

64 These cells also exhibited the largest amyloplast sedimentation velocities.

65 uced drag while still allowing for regulated amyloplast sedimentation.

66 s were most apparent in cells exhibiting net amyloplast sedimentation.

67 ibution profile differed considerably due to amyloplast sedimentation.

68 affect both the initial gravity sensing via amyloplasts sedimentation and the subsequent more genera

69 vity under 30 g conditions, during which the amyloplasts sedimented.

70 However, recent studies suggest that amyloplasts show continuous, complex movements in Arabid

71 number, and positional relationships between amyloplasts showed (i) that individual amyloplast volume

72 in levels in all three major cellular sites (amyloplasts [starch], mitochondria, and cytosol) in male

73 The amyloplast stroma contains an enriched group of proteins

74 ing enzyme, were each highly enriched in the amyloplast stroma, providing direct evidence for the loc

75 ions in the transfer of ADP-glucose into the amyloplast stroma.

76 reduced SP activity due to a decrease of the amyloplast stromal 112-kD enzyme.

77 ainst the potato plastidic SP recognized the amyloplast stromal 112-kD protein.

78 wed that SP activity was associated with the amyloplast stromal 112-kD protein.

79 and enzyme kinetic analyses showed that the amyloplast stromal 112-kD SP preferred amylopectin over

80 The amyloplast stromal 112-kD SP was expressed in whole endo

81 SP activity was identified in the amyloplast stromal fraction and was enriched 4-fold when

82 drogenase, were strongly enhanced in soluble amyloplast stromal fractions relative to soluble extract

83 nase activities were partially purified from amyloplasts, termed K1, responsible for Ser(649) and Ser

84 ficantly less volume to putative statoliths (amyloplasts) than do columella cells of Earth-grown seed

85 the major force determining the position of amyloplasts that sediment, then these plastids should be

86 rpureus show upward gravitropism and contain amyloplasts that sediment.

87 chanism that linearly converts the number of amyloplasts that settle to the 'bottom' of the cell into

88 ere sedimentation of starch-filled plastids (amyloplasts) triggers a pathway that results in a reloca

89 scope revealed that sedimentary movements of amyloplasts under hypergravity conditions are linearly c

90 aphs demonstrated that the starch content of amyloplasts varied with seedling age but not gravity con

91 tween amyloplasts showed (i) that individual amyloplast volume increased in microgravity but remained

92 Instead, amyloplasts were clustered in the subapical region in mi

93 sts, all of the starch granules of statolith amyloplasts were encompassed by a fine filamentous, ribo

94 and (iii) the three-dimensional positions of amyloplasts were not random.

95 Starch-dense amyloplasts within the columella cells of the root cap a

96 and appears to involve the sedimentation of amyloplasts within the columella cells.