ライフサイエンスコーパス: apically

1 Thus APC is essential for driving extrusion apically.

2 with little or no response to toxin applied apically.

3 ity proteins that then travel and accumulate apically.

4 f cells through which the rudiment elongates apically.

5 , whereas Notch2 and Delta1 were distributed apically.

6 mutated to alanine and targets both proteins apically.

7 re (18 degrees C) redistributes the receptor apically.

8 sin II prevents determinants from localizing apically.

9 virus to filter between the cells and emerge apically.

10 ptide and both repeats A and B were secreted apically.

11 hen VSV-G-pseudotyped lentivirus was applied apically.

12 cant changes in gene expression of 190 genes apically, 84 genes anterolaterally, 126 genes posteriorl

13 Apically added S. typhimurium promoted the translocation

14 hat species deploy different combinations of apically and basally driven mechanisms to convert a two-

15 t the nuclei of Muller glia and NPCs migrate apically and basally in phase with the cell cycle.

16 fferentially affects the surface delivery of apically and basolaterally destined proteins in polarize

17 Proper function of epithelia depends on apically and basolaterally situated ion channels as well

18 ed level of intracellular appearance of both apically and basolaterally targeted SVCTs in the absence

19 goblet cells in the colon, is released both apically and basolaterally, and is hence found in both t

20 layer by peripheral basal cells that extend apically and centripetally while remaining attached to t

21 ot meristem away from the QC and then spread apically and circumferentially around the root.

22 g live imaging, we show that PAR-3 foci move apically and cluster, and that PAR-3 is required to asse

23 In epithelia, this complex localizes apically and defines the apical membrane, whereas Bazook

24 ression pattern in the papillary epithelium: apically and dorsally they are expressed in sparse clust

25 sters in mesoderm not only persist, but move apically and enhance in density and total intensity.

26 Roof-forming cells constrict apically and express high levels of Broad protein.

27 ing PAR-3 fail to localize their centrosomes apically and have aberrant localization of gamma-tubulin

28 pithelia lacking S1P(2) cannot extrude cells apically and instead form apoptotic-resistant masses, po

29 ethyldioxirane retain the cage and give both apically and medially substituted homodiamantanes.

30 ti (BmRON2) and show that they are localized apically and that anti-BdRON2 antibodies are significant

31 nificant (P</= 0.05) displacement of all PMs apically and the septal PM and posterior PM away from th

32 Moe and Crumbs proteins colocalize apically and this apical localization requires reciproca

33 protein (TRAP) adhesins, which are secreted apically and translocated to the posterior end of the pa

34 and zonal occludens-1 mRNA are co-localized apically and zonal occludens-1 3' untranslated region-bi

35 rations, 299 of which were uniquely released apically, and 94 uniquely released basolaterally.

36 While LECs are migrating they also constrict apically, and changes in activity of the small GTPase Rh

37 eir association with the basal lamina, shift apically, and differentiate into sustentacular cells.

38 tially enters the cells basolaterally, exits apically, and maintains epithelial integrity by stimulat

39 The ventricles were paced apically, and uniform-field, truncated-exponential, mono

40 c can enhance inhibition by apical auxin and apically applied abscisic acid can reduce it.

41 s are resistant to the inhibitory effects of apically applied auxin, indicating that MAX4 is required

42 buds from inhibition by apical auxin, while apically applied cytokinin dramatically increased the du

43 tracheal epithelial cells were transduced by apically applied lentivirus only in the presence of EGTA

44 alization insulates cells at the center from apically applied ligands while maintaining response to b

45 ry function (by tracking the surface flow of apically applied microbeads).

46 Thus, we investigated the effects of apically applied occludin peptide on the paracellular pe

47 Our data showed that apically applied occludin peptide significantly reduced

48 monolayers (day 1) efficiently internalized apically applied P. aeruginosa via a pathway that requir

49 d the polarized epithelial cell responses to apically applied soluble LT and LT-containing vesicles (

50 ral surface did not increase transduction of apically applied virus, indicating that transduction was

51 column and the foot process, but also as far apically as the base of the tentacles, suggest that this

52 sk), a MAPK transport factor, is sequestered apically at a time when lateral inhibition is required f

53 face of the outer epithelium but only insert apically at the vertices where multiple outer cells make

54 aced 0.8+/-0.9 mm laterally and 0.9+/-0.6 mm apically away from the anterolateral scallop; such displ

55 T), Na(+)-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1), and apically biotinylated proteins, were not shed into the l

56 of the OsO(4)-catalyzed hydroxylation of an apically brominated lactam, 7-bromo-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]h

57 recursor cells polarize and enrich myosin II apically but fail to contract their apical surfaces.

58 educed the response of ARPE-19 cells to VEGF apically but not basolaterally, suggesting polarized exp

59 ce of IgG, FcRn is distributed predominantly apically, but redistributes to basolateral locations upo

60 netic nuclear migration (INM) that is driven apically by cytoplasmic dynein and basally by the kinesi

61 We show that centrosomes localize apically by first moving toward lateral foci of the cons

62 ereas wild-type cells preferentially extrude apically, cells lacking APC or expressing an oncogenic A

63 Mechanistically, we show that to become apically clustered, Cdc42 requires the interaction betwe

64 onse to Fz/PCP signaling, they are uniformly apically colocalized.

65 ted from the basal nuclear region and became apically concentrated.

66 eased density and Ca(2+) storage capacity of apically confined endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) stor

67 nflammation triggers an up-regulation of the apically confined ER Ca(2+) stores, normal airway epithe

68 Supernatant treatment expanded the apically confined ER, resulting in larger apical P2Y(2)-

69 -molecular-weight VWF predominantly occurred apically, consistent with a role in localized platelet c

70 euroepithelial cells in both mutants fail to apically constrict, leading to craniorachischisis.

71 Drosophila mesoderm, linked epithelial cells apically constrict, without cell extrusion or intercalat

72 al follicle cells (FC) from a columnar to an apically constricted shape.

73 lens placode cells are both longer and less apically constricted than control cells, thereby reducin

74 elongate and change from a cylindrical to an apically constricted, conical shape.

75 e highly enriched at the apical junctions of apically constricting cells and that MRCK-1 and myosin a

76 e novel data that confirm that the volume of apically constricting cells is conserved throughout the

77 elson (Abl) tyrosine kinase depletion causes apically constricting cells to undergo aberrant basal ce

78 external, cell-cell contact-free surfaces of apically constricting cells, downstream of cell fate det

79 In apically deficient embryos, JNK signalling is activated

80 pancreas, threshold stimulation generated an apically delimited [Ca(2+)](c) signal, while a stronger

81 tion of TGF-beta receptors I and II deprives apically delivered TGF-beta of access to its receptors.

82 growing SAM to suggest the plausibility that apically derived cytokinin and CLV signaling, together,

83 Sorting signals for apically destined proteins are highly diverse and can be

84 d to the plasma membrane prior to sorting of apically directed cargoes into Rab11a/Rab25-positive api

85 ice in which this polarity is disrupted, the apically directed collagen offset is no longer observed.

86 e "classical" cell (type I), containing only apically directed dendrites with large spines, and a pre

87 l neuroblast cortex, necessary to trigger an apically directed flow, removing Actomyosin from the bas

88 relies on balancing counteracting forces: an apically directed force exerted by F-actin/myosin-2 via

89 knockdown of Cx43 (connexin 43) retards the apically directed interkinetic nuclear migration accompa

90 DOCK7 influences neurogenesis by controlling apically directed interkinetic nuclear migration of RGCs

91 llagen fibrils are oriented radially with an apically directed slant - a feature considered crucial f

92 that rab3D plays a role in the regulation of apically directed transcytosis in rat hepatocytes.

93 implies: (1) a clathrin/AP-1 function on an apically directed transport route; and (2) the convergen

94 e and tyrosine kinase signaling that mediate apically directed vesicle trafficking, it is not known w

95 CG release from the placenta is apically directed, whereas LH is released from the basal

96 TLR2 is apically displayed on airway cells, making it a likely t

97 including signals derived from clustering of apically disposed intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and

98 including signals derived from clustering of apically disposed intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and

99 d Rho-kinase/myosin II signaling and loss of apically distributed actin.

100 l as human embryos, cells undergoing mitosis apically do not express INSM1.

101 Moreover, cell volume lost apically due to constriction largely balanced the volume

102 Dlg protein is apically enriched and is required for maintaining cortic

103 examine the role of the polarity components, apically enriched aPKC and basolateral Lgl2, in primary

104 At the morula stage, rafts were also apically enriched in each blastomere.

105 t atypical protein kinase C (aPKC), which is apically enriched, inhibits neurogenesis and acts as a n

106 telliform lesions corresponded to regions of apically expelled RPE organelles.

107 Here, we report that Xenopus 2F3 cells apically express the cysteine protease cathepsin B, as i

108 vE1 revealed selective induction of CD55, an apically expressed antiadhesive molecule.

109 transport modeling supports the notion that apically expressed BK channels are part of an apical loo

110 id (ASL) volume that is in part regulated by apically expressed cystic fibrosis transmembrane conduct

111 nce is regulated by Na(+) uptake through the apically expressed epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and

112 nly regulated through Na(+) transport by the apically expressed epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and

113 type 5 (AAV5) and adenovirus targeted to an apically expressed glycosylphosphatidylinositol-modified

114 on studies (short hairpin RNA) revealed that apically expressed PAFr is central to the induction of t

115 As glycans on apically expressed proteins have been identified as targ

116 nofluorescence revealed the GM35 Ag to be an apically expressed v6 variant exon-containing form of hu

117 Apically expressed, large-conductance, Ca(2+)- and volta

118 nstead many horizonal cell neurites extended apically, forming ectopic synapses with photoreceptors a

119 of the implants were displaced lingually and apically from the bony indentations that were created du

120 vides the predominant mechanism transmitting apically generated forces deep into the tissue and that

121 ediatric cardiopulmonary assist systems, (4) apically implanted axial-flow ventricular assist devices

122 pithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was directed apically in both cultures, but fhRPE cells exhibited sec

123 F-actin and activated myosin accumulate apically in bottle cells, and actin and myosin inhibitor

124 Cad87A is strongly enriched apically in epithelia and in neuronal dendrites.

125 s elegans PAR-6 and PKC-3/aPKC also localize apically in epithelial cells, but a role for these prote

126 Both proteins also accumulate apically in epithelial cells, where they are required fo

127 aPKC (an atypical protein kinase C) localize apically in fly and mammalian epithelial cells and are i

128 ow that the HA receptor layilin is expressed apically in human airway epithelium and that cells infec

129 CA XII protein was localized apically in human bronchiolar epithelia and basolaterall

130 insc mRNA transcripts also localize apically in neuroblasts, yet the mechanism underpinning

131 ocalize the polarity proteins PATJ and PALS1 apically in NPCs, whereas the formation and maintenance

132 F-actin and WAVE/SCAR proteins are enriched apically in one epithelial tissue and basolaterally in a

133 nd exogenously expressed TRPC3 was localized apically in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (M

134 Ano1, ezrin, and moesin/radixin colocalize apically in salivary gland epithelial cells, and overexp

135 ted via activation of Y2 receptors localized apically in taste cells.

136 nvade polarized gallbladder epithelial cells apically in the absence and presence of bile in a Salmon

137 cells missorted vesicular stomatitis virus G apically in the biosynthetic route.

138 re heavily in NRC cells but was concentrated apically in these cells as well.

139 ictyostelium discoideum, myosin II localizes apically in tip epithelial cells that surround the stalk

140 Second, gamma-tubulin fails to accumulate apically in wild-type cells following laser ablation of

141 s predominantly extrude basally, rather than apically, in a cell-autonomous manner and can survive an

142 Apically, in the absence of CFL1 myosin light chain does

143 rprisingly, junction proteins still localize apically, indicating that PAR-6 and asymmetric PKC-3 are

144 STEC clinical isolates applied apically induced PMN transmigration across and interleuk

145 teral media of model epithelia that had been apically infected with Salmonella typhimurium for a shor

146 epithelial cells still sense the presence of apically infecting P. aeruginosa, but they may do so thr

147 in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells cells apically inoculated with live P. aeruginosa, exotoxin A,

148 Human ARPE-19 cells were apically inoculated with wild-type or quorum-sensing-def

149 ch other and from early endosomes labeled by apically internalized ligand.

150 ative IgG transport studies demonstrate that apically-internalized IgG recycles to the apical surface

151 epithelial cells express and release leptin apically into the intestinal lumen.

152 Cells can extrude apically into the lumen or basally into the tissue the e

153 Although predominantly secreted apically into the urine, where it becomes highly polymer

154 trate that RhoA, when activated and targeted apically, is sufficient to induce AC and that RhoA plays

155 ed Baz recruits adherens junction components apically, leading to a loss of the apical domain and an

156 Apically linked rhombuses, which are formed by the bridg

157 We also detected very rapid apically localised Ca2+ signalling events with an approx

158 ll, either in the form of a whole cell or an apically localised increase, indicating that [Ca2+](cyt)

159 but also fail to elongate due to the loss of apically localised N-cadherin and N-CAM.

160 erfering RNA, we observe that stimulation of apically localized A1 adenosine receptors (A1ARs) trigge

161 epithelial cells, a process that requires an apically localized actin cytoskeleton.

162 nstriction was associated with enrichment of apically localized actin filaments and required the smal

163 The Hippo pathway component Expanded, an apically localized adaptor protein, is mislocalized in b

164 but where basolateral proteins (LGL) become apically localized and apical junctional proteins (PAR3,

165 ol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R3) is apically localized and triggers Ca(2+) waves and secreti

166 In this process, apically localized Bazooka recruits Inscuteable and othe

167 MRCK-1 is apically localized by active Cdc42 at the external, cell

168 pithelial cells and has been associated with apically localized Ca2+-signaling proteins.

169 Most cell divisions are restricted to apically localized cells with mitotic spindles oriented

170 eable (Insc) protein functions as part of an apically localized complex to coordinate orientation of

171 migration to the apical epithelial surface, apically localized epithelial proteins may serve to reta

172 ity despite a relatively intact, albeit more apically localized F-actin and BTB tight junctional prot

173 The apically localized Four-point-one, Ezrin, Radixin, Moesi

174 Our previous data have shown that apically localized growth factors segregate from their b

175 nt with a role in polarized growth, For2 are apically localized in growing cells.

176 a membrane, and with high specificity by the apically localized kinase LOK.

177 Similar to its function in epidermis, apically localized LGN directs perpendicular divisions t

178 geting signal by its ability to redirect the apically localized P75 neurotrophin receptor to the baso

179 features are thought to be controlled by an apically localized protein complex comprising of two sig

180 Among several apically localized protein complexes, the Crumbs and Par

181 We show that loss of the apically localized protocadherin Cad99C rescues the SG d

182 EF reduces levels of apically localized Rab11 and indirectly blocks vesicle f

183 Inhibiting Fgfr-Ras-MAPK leads to loss of apically localized Rho-associated kinase (Rock) 2a, whic

184 We show that the apically localized serine/threonine kinase aPKC directly

185 in FUS1 is required for adhesion between the apically localized sites on the plasma membranes of plus

186 hesis these proteins act together to form an apically localized spectrin-based membrane skeleton (SBM

187 ultured cells with loss of Expanded (Ex), an apically localized SWH component that inhibits Yki.

188 tine and excretory systems and that ACT-5 is apically localized within intestinal cells.

189 s, whereas KCC1, IK(Ca)1, CFTR, and ClC3 are apically localized.

190 tablishment of epithelial cell polarity: the apically-localized proteins of the Par (Par3-Par6-aPKC-C

191 aryngeal pouch endoderm have an abundance of apically located actin fibres that are networked within

192 During formation of the apically located cellular cementum, some cementoblasts b

193 ing of several apical membrane proteins, the apically located chimeras are not found in detergent-ins

194 These data suggest a role for an apically located Duox-based NADPH oxidase during intrace

195 teral direction, indicating dependence on an apically located efflux transporter.

196 s and demonstrates the dynamic regulation of apically located ENaC by recycling, which is facilitated

197 The apically located ErbB2 is phosphorylated on tyrosines 11

198 hereas intracellular [Na] is regulated by an apically located H(Na)-K ATPase and not by the tradition

199 Apically located NaK-ATPase has previously been shown to

200 inly governed by vectorial salt movement via apically located rate-limiting Na(+) channels (ENaC) and

201 -5.4) and PEA (basolaterally, logEC50 -4.9; apically logEC50 -5.3) increased Caco-2 resistance by 20

202 OEA (applied apically, logEC50 -5.4) and PEA (basolaterally, logEC50

203 f ankyrin binding, prevented transcytosis of apically mis-sorted E-cadherin to the lateral membrane.

204 at the lateral membrane and transcytosis of apically mis-sorted protein to the lateral membrane.

205 -Darby canine kidney cells stably expressing apically mistrafficked EREG form significantly larger, h

206 thermore, we demonstrate that once localized apically, myosin continues to contract.

207 ibit wild-type hTPO(933) immunofluorescence (apically) on <10% of that found in permeabilized cells,

208 osomal processing and nuclear trafficking of apically or basolaterally internalized virions.

209 When MV-eGFP was applied apically or basolaterally to primary cultures of airway

210 SA-independent rotaviruses applied apically or basolaterally were capable of efficiently in

211 s containing 0.4-microm pores, were infected apically or basolaterally with SA-independent or SA-depe

212 whereas JNK is activated by TLR9 ligand both apically or basolaterally, NF-kappaB is activated only v

213 ion with SA-independent rotaviruses occurred apically or basolaterally.

214 Guanylate Cyclase C (GC-C) is an apically-oriented transmembrane receptor that is express

215 own in endothelial cells arrests neutrophils apically over the junction, similar to when PECAM is blo

216 aturation of regenerating hair cells spreads apically over time.

217 present throughout the cell, it accumulates apically, particularly at sites of cadherin-based adhere

218 Studies of apically permeabilised cells showed that a small rise in

219 localized and physically segregated from its apically placed ligand.

220 olarized outside cells, Angiomotin localizes apically, pointing to the importance of cell polarity in

221 ta mutation, each confers tubular bud shape, apically polarized actin distribution, unipolar budding,

222 ted by cAMP/CREB activation and occurs in an apically polarized fashion.

223 t the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT-1) is apically polarized in model human intestinal epithelia a

224 We show that secretion of Fog protein is apically polarized, making this the earliest polarized c

225 d concentrates in close association with the apically positioned basal body of neural target cells, f

226 In the current view, apically positioned Bazooka/Par3 is the initial polarity

227 iodontal treatment was provided, followed by apically positioned flap surgery in the maxillary right

228 riodontal treatment was provided followed by apically positioned flap surgery in the maxillary right

229 conventional scaling and root planing (SRP), apically positioned flaps, root amputations, root resect

230 nally consisted of scaling and root planing, apically positioned flaps, tunneling, root amputation, r

231 result from vertical divisions in either the apically positioned luminal epithelial cells or the basa

232 tion through analogous vertical divisions of apically positioned luminal epithelial cells.

233 ens placode AC may be partially dependent on apically positioned myosin-containing filaments associat

234 These procedures rely on the transfer of apically positioned stem cells, including stem cells of

235 er, under shear stress, T cells encountering apically presented CXCL12 were primed to undergo robust

236 The primary cilium is an apically projecting solitary organelle that is generated

237 Apically restricted [Ca2+]i signals were never observed

238 ensures the formation and maintenance of the apically restricted actomyosin-tight junction complex.

239 In Drosophila neuroblasts, apically restricted aPKC is required for segregation of

240 llen tubes) are generated through continuous apically restricted growth (tip growth), which universal

241 tant lens placode cells are shorter and more apically restricted than controls, resulting in increase

242 e ventricular surface for DNA synthesis, and apically return to the surface for mitotic division; a p

243 zed and secreted from endothelial cells; the apically secreted ADAMTS13 from endothelial cells may co

244 The novel mitogen "lacritin" is apically secreted by several nongermative epithelia.

245 totic and anti-inflammatory activity that is apically secreted in exosomes by polarized human retinal

246 ding is powered by rearward translocation of apically secreted transmembrane adhesins via their inter

247 Granules containing MUC5AC were apically secreted via Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis as dem

248 terning of the Drosophila wing disc, wherein apically secreted Wingless (Wg) encounters its receptor,

249 at human intestinal epithelium expresses and apically secretes SLPI, a molecule that may significantl

250 ynamic ranges, sharper frequency tuning, and apically shifted positions of peak vibration.

251 muscle tips in 6 adult sheep were retracted apically short of producing mitral regurgitation to repl

252 During normal development, apically situated prestalk cells express the ecmB gene j

253 t, containing the LTAxxVAxxR element, to the apically sorted influenza hemagglutinin (HA) protein was

254 able to direct basolateral expression of the apically sorted nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR, p75;

255 chondrial staining pattern in HEp2 cells and apically stained the biliary epithelial cells (BECs) in

256 tide-on-bead assay, we determined that these apically staining mAbs recognize 3 or 4 distinct epitope

257 When intact mammalian taste buds are apically stimulated with umami tastants, their functiona

258 host cells through a process that depends on apically stored adhesins that are strategically released

259 RasV12 cells are eliminated apically, suggesting that extrusion may be a tumor-suppr

260 ant membranes (DRMs) but still are delivered apically, suggesting that GPI-AP association with DRMs i

261 absence of stimuli, and occurs predominantly apically, suggesting this could be the main source of ci

262 nhibits model basolaterally targeted but not apically targeted cargo delivery, for both PM-destined a

263 c atrophy results in diminished responses to apically targeted excitatory inputs and (ii) corticoster

264 of distal apical dendrites and decrements in apically targeted excitatory postsynaptic currents in la

265 ugation indicated that, unlike several other apically targeted membrane and soluble proteins, apical

266 lycans, but not poly-N-acetyllactosamine, in apically targeted MUC1 and chimeras when compared with T

267 epithelial cells, where it colocalized with apically targeted NHERF2.

268 nteracting region (Sp151-483) by fusion with apically targeted p75NTR extended the half-life of alpha

269 Finally, coexpression of apically targeted type I and type II TGF-beta receptors

270 Because an apically targeted VSV-G mutant behaved similarly, these

271 alpha subunit fourth transmembrane domain is apically targeted when both of its flanking sequences de

272 otein were not associated with DIGs but were apically targeted.

273 lin acts in response to the Gurken signal by apically targeting the signal that initiates axis specif

274 In one, reproductive organs form apically, terminating growth of the primary shoot (gamet

275 with the apical cortex, but expression of an apically tethered aPKC rescues normal lumen formation.

276 ositioning the papillary muscles that become apically tethered in MR.

277 As most cells extrude apically, they are typically eliminated through the lume

278 Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin added apically to (MPK)CCD(14) cells resulted in a slow declin

279 naptic contacts with nerve fibers, and taper apically to a single, large microvillus.

280 Monolayers were exposed apically to Alexa 488-labeled albumin (Alexa 488-BSA) in

281 phate leaving group of GTPalphaS is oriented apically to His404 with the epsilon-nitrogen poised for

282 uteable/Baz/Par-6/aPKC complex recruits Pins apically to induce vertical spindle orientation, whereas

283 ) failed to elicit IL-8 secretion when added apically to model intestinal epithelia.

284 modynamically less stable 21 with CH2 bonded apically to phosphorus is argued to be consistent with t

285 illary muscle tips in 6 sheep were retracted apically to replicate tethering, short of producing MR (

286 We find that Abl acts apically to suppress the accumulation of both Enabled (E

287 The apically trafficked pool colocalized with the early endo

288 RGP nuclei migrate basally during G1, apically using cytoplasmic dynein during G2, and undergo

289 Failure to restrict PHB and PHV expression apically via a microRNA-dependent pathway prevents corre

290 monolayers, about half of the PGE2 taken up apically was oxidized to 13, 14-dihydro, 15-keto-PGE2, w

291 Protein kinase C epsilon, normally localized apically, was found in the cytoplasm where it can lead t

292 Although most apoptotic cells extrude apically, we find that some exit basally.

293 -exon isoform of CAR, CAR(Ex8), is localized apically where it can support viral infection from the a

294 demonstrated that the M(2) subtype is sorted apically, whereas M(3) is targeted basolaterally.

295 onfluent cells, latent TGF-beta1 is secreted apically, whereas TbetaR-I and integrin alphaVbeta3 are

296 rm at the protein level and was concentrated apically, whereas the type I and type II isoforms were e

297 unted in an Ussing chamber and permeabilized apically with amphotericin B.

298 arized epithelial cell cultures were treated apically with live or heat-killed Escherichia coli or La

299 The TER of cells infected apically with SA-dependent rotaviruses decreased earlier

300 n the basal region of the cochlea and spread apically with time, leading to permanent threshold shift