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1 f programmable gene-silencing proteins named Argonaute.
2 leosides 10 and 12, at the catalytic site of Argonaute.
3 cterial Argonautes much more than eukaryotic Argonautes.
4 hat of RNA interference-mediating eukaryotic Argonautes.
5 n, RISC-degradation, and the availability of Argonautes.
6 e 5'-phosphorylated guides used by all known Argonautes.
7 restrict or enable interaction with specific Argonautes.
8 also measured the association of miRNAs with Argonaute 1 (Ago1) and Argonaute 2 (Ago2) to assess the
9 e (RNAi) machinery by binding to Arabidopsis Argonaute 1 (AGO1) and selectively silencing host immuni
10 the DNA DAMAGE-BINDING PROTEIN 2 (DDB2) and ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO1) of Arabidopsis thaliana form a chroma
11 is likely to involve the RNA-binding protein Argonaute 1 (AGO1), as raw and AGO1 genetically interact
13 -DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE 6 (RDR6), DCL4 and ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO1), whereas transcriptional gene silenci
14 ese HRMs are induced by HIF1alpha and target argonaute 1 (AGO1), which anchors the microRNA-induced s
17 ed at 72 h posteclosion and 24 h PBM through Argonaute 1 cross-linking and immunoprecipitation follow
18 omplex between the paRNA and microRNA-guided Argonaute 1 that, together, recruit SUV39H1 and induce r
19 ticipated in angiogenesis by targeting AGO1 (argonaute 1) and upregulating VEGF (vascular endothelial
20 of RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE 6 (RDR6) to ARGONAUTE 1-derived cleavage products, resulting in more
26 ition, we found that mutations in Drosophila Argonaute 2 (Ago2) resulted in exacerbated transposon ex
27 iation of miRNAs with Argonaute 1 (Ago1) and Argonaute 2 (Ago2) to assess the functional status of in
28 C virus (HCV) RNA genomes by recruiting host argonaute 2 (AGO2) to the 5' end and preventing decay me
29 novel mechanism whereby target engagement by Argonaute 2 (AGO2) triggers its hierarchical, multi-site
32 nding cofactor of APOBEC1 in RNA editing, or Argonaute 2 (AGO2), a key factor in the biogenesis of ce
34 a2 ceRNA through differential recruitment to Argonaute 2 (Ago2), and TGF-beta signalling driven by Tg
35 ealed that AUF1 promoted let-7b loading onto Argonaute 2 (AGO2), the catalytic component of the RNA-i
36 shown that AUF1 facilitates miRNA loading to Argonaute 2 (AGO2), the catalytic component of the RNA-i
37 nding and mRNA degradation for both AUF1 and Argonaute 2 (AGO2), which is an essential effector of mi
41 reassembling complexes with the human enzyme Argonaute 2 (hAgo2) and Cryptosporidium single-stranded
42 2.3 A resolution crystal structure of human Argonaute 2 (hAgo2), a key nuclease in the RNAi pathway,
43 1 suppresses its transcription by recruiting Argonaute 2 and inhibiting RNA polymerase II binding.
44 alized by endothelial cells, where the miRNA-Argonaute 2 complexes modulate target gene expression an
45 trate that such EVs contain functional miRNA-Argonaute 2 complexes that are derived from the host RBC
47 (PAR-CLIP), we isolated RNAs associated with Argonaute 2 in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)
48 NA pathways' associated proteins showed that Argonaute 2 is mainly involved in DENV-vsRNA-5 biogenesi
49 22), a liver-specific microRNA that recruits Argonaute 2 to the 5' end of the viral genome, stabilizi
50 n, and miR-3189-3p coimmunoprecipitated with Argonaute 2 together with two of its major predicted gen
51 re, each of the RISC proteins, together with Argonaute 2, associates with SRA and specific pre-microR
53 a robust RNAi pathway that links to TGS via Argonaute 2-2 (Ago2-2) associated 27-nucleotide small RN
55 initiated the decay of both protein-free and Argonaute 2-loaded miRNAs via endonucleolytic cleavage a
56 quences of GBV-B RNA, like HCV RNA, forms an Argonaute 2-mediated complex with two miR-122 molecules
62 h RNA-induced silencing complex constituents argonaute-2 (Ago2) and fragile X mental retardation-rela
63 ctivation by small RNA requires RNAi factors argonaute-2 (AGO2) and GW182, but does not require AGO2-
64 We determined crystal structures of human Argonaute-2 (Ago2) bound to a defined guide RNA with and
65 olecule FRET to directly visualize how human Argonaute-2 (Ago2) searches for and identifies target si
66 these modifications impact interactions with Argonaute-2 (Ago2), the molecular target of siRNAs, is n
69 ry human cells, and through a combination of Argonaute-2 immunoprecipitation and reporter assays, we
70 ve determined the crystal structure of human Argonaute-2 in complex with the metabolically stable 5-(
71 inity of the 5-E-VP -modified siRNA to human Argonaute-2 in-vitro, as well as the enhanced silencing
72 he 5 binding site in the Mid domain of human Argonaute-2 is able to adjust the key residues in the 5-
76 teracting RNA (piRNA) proteins Aubergine and Argonaute 3, known to suppress transposons in the fly ge
77 a Piwi proteins--called Piwi, Aubergine, and Argonaute 3--Piwi is the only member of this subfamily t
78 hila, two Piwi proteins, Aubergine (Aub) and Argonaute-3 (Ago3), localize to perinuclear "nuage" gran
79 urvival and viral titers of Piwi, Aubergine, Argonaute-3, and Zucchini mutant flies were similar to t
80 de novo DNA methylation by interacting with ARGONAUTE 4 (AGO4) and by controlling the local abundanc
81 DRB3 functions with Dicer-like 3 (DCL3) and Argonaute 4 (AGO4) in methylation-mediated antiviral def
83 TE mRNAs are directly incorporated into the ARGONAUTE 6 (AGO6) protein and direct AGO6 to TE chromat
85 ecipitation (HITS-CLIP) experiments of human Argonaute (AGO) during HCV infection showed robust AGO b
88 (ssRNA) molecules that guide proteins of the Argonaute (Ago) family to complementary ssRNA targets: R
92 and ligation of miRNA-target chimeras on the Argonaute (AGO) protein to globally map miRNA interactio
93 specificity to guide the silencing effector Argonaute (AGO) protein to target mRNAs via a base-pairi
96 he tiny regulatory RNAs, form complexes with Argonaute (Ago) proteins and inhibit gene expression in
97 interact with members of the same family of Argonaute (Ago) proteins and their function in target re
106 ring microRNA (miRNA)-guided gene silencing, Argonaute (Ago) proteins interact with a member of the T
109 be inhibited by VSRs, small RNAs (sRNAs) and Argonaute (AGO) proteins seem to be the most frequent ta
110 ications of antisense transcripts binding to argonaute (AGO) proteins that mediate RNA interference a
111 osslinking immunoprecipitation (CLIP) of the Argonaute (AGO) proteins to characterize strengths and s
114 To exert regulatory function, miRNAs guide Argonaute (AGO) proteins to partially complementary site
115 1 to 24 nucleotides (nt) that load and guide Argonaute (AGO) proteins to target and repress viral RNA
117 ptimized for studying miRNA targets bound by Argonaute (AGO) proteins, but it should be easily adapte
118 iRNAs) reflects their tight association with Argonaute (Ago) proteins, essential components of the RN
120 e small noncoding RNAs are incorporated into Argonaute (Ago) proteins, where they direct post-transcr
121 (miRNAs) act as sequence-specific guides for Argonaute (AGO) proteins, which mediate posttranscriptio
123 We identified homologs of DICER-LIKE (DCL), ARGONAUTE (AGO), and other genes involved in small RNA p
125 cognition mechanism and cleavage activity of argonaute (Ago), miRNA, and mRNA complexes are the core
126 find widespread and extensive uridylation of Argonaute (Ago)-bound pre-miRNAs, which is primarily cat
127 NA)-guided transcriptional gene silencing by Argonaute (Ago)-containing complexes is fundamental to g
129 through small interfering (si) RNA-directed, ARGONAUTE (AGO)-mediated cleavage of homologous transcri
130 Argonaute crosslinking immunoprecipitation (Argonaute [Ago]-CLIP) sequencing in miR-122 knockout and
131 are enriched for 5' nucleotide bias against Argonaute-(AGO)-loading, but also additional 3' and cent
133 ), Tas3 (protein with unknown function), and Argonaute (Ago1), plays an important role in RNAi-mediat
136 n a Caenorhabditis elegans microRNA-specific Argonaute ALG-1 (Argonaute-like gene) that are antimorph
139 ng the rules for nucleic acid hybridization, Argonautes allow oligonucleotides to serve as specificit
140 RNA) pathways have revealed proteins such as Argonaute and Dicer as essential cofactors that process
141 RNAi genes including those coding for Dicer, Argonaute, and double-stranded RNA-binding proteins (dsR
142 ate-binding pocket in the Dicer-2 PAZ (Piwi, Argonaute, and Zwille/Pinhead) domain is crucial for the
144 l similarities between human and prokaryotic Argonautes are consistent with shared mechanistic proper
145 domains of life and suggests that eukaryotic Argonautes are derived from DNA-guided DNA-interfering h
147 NA hybridization-a small RNA or DNA bound to Argonaute as a guide no longer follows the well-establis
149 d suggest that stress-induced alterations in Argonaute-associated sRNAs can target the deployment of
150 alidated by qRT-PCR in human skin, and their Argonaute association was confirmed by co-immunoprecipit
151 ortive infection (Abi) (Chopin et al, 2005), Argonaute-based interference (Swarts et al, 2014), as we
152 ion systems (R-M), abortive infection (Abi), Argonaute-based interference, as well as clustered regul
154 h hAgo via three of the GW/WG repeats in its Argonaute-binding domain: motif-1, motif-2, and the hook
156 ermed CLEAR (covalent ligation of endogenous Argonaute-bound RNAs)-CLIP, which enriches miRNAs ligate
157 ws direct identification of a huge number of Argonaute-bound target sequences that contain miRNA bind
158 detected endogenous let-7 miRNA-induced and Argonaute-catalysed endonucleolytic cleavage on target m
160 specific miRNA loops accumulate in effector Argonaute complexes in Drosophila and mediate miRNA-type
162 the function might require interaction with Argonaute components of the silencing machinery, as was
163 trong purifying selection and associate with Argonautes, consistent with a critical function in silen
164 ression enhanced stim1 mRNA association with argonaute-containing complexes and increased the colocal
165 ructure and silence transcription by guiding Argonaute-containing complexes to complementary nascent
166 originating from long noncoding RNAs, guide Argonaute-containing effector complexes to complementary
168 r allogeneic or nonspecific stimuli and used argonaute cross-linked immunoprecipitation (CLIP) with s
169 target atlas composed of publicly available Argonaute Crosslinking Immunoprecipitation (AGO-CLIP) da
171 rhabditis elegans has revealed the essential Argonaute CSR-1 to play key nuclear roles in modulating
172 A loop regions, broadening the repertoire of Argonaute-dependent regulatory RNAs and providing eviden
174 hopping products are selectively loaded onto Argonaute, enabling DNA-guided defense against foreign D
175 nd structure-based alignments suggested that Argonautes encoded within CRISPR-cas [clustered regularl
177 ced silencing complexes (RISCs) that contain Argonaute-family proteins and guide RISC to target RNAs
178 microRNA* strands present in the ALG-1(anti) Argonaute far in excess of the corresponding mature micr
180 Biochemical assays have demonstrated that Argonaute functions by modulating the binding properties
184 cing, the physical interaction between human Argonaute (hAgo) and GW182 (hGW182) is essential for fac
185 The RNA cleavage ("Slicer") activity of Argonaute has been implicated in both sRNA maturation an
186 A-binding sites for cZNF292 were detected in Argonaute high-throughput sequencing of RNA isolated by
187 ere we report our findings from analyzing 34 Argonaute HITS-CLIP datasets from several human and mous
188 ID-1, a primary Argonaute RDE-1, a secondary Argonaute HRDE-1, and an RNase D homolog MUT-7, maintena
189 hway to produce siRNAs that bind the nuclear Argonaute HRDE-1, resulting in dramatic defects in germ
192 were generated by cross-linking followed by Argonaute immunoprecipitation and sequencing (Ago CLIP-s
193 combining small RNA expression analysis with ARGONAUTE immunoprecipitation data and global target cle
194 pertoire differed from that of the canonical Argonaute in organisms with functional RNA interference,
195 t RNA-mediated silencing is RNA interference/Argonaute-independent and is restricted to the nucleus h
196 ovide a near-comprehensive analysis of miRNA-Argonaute interactions in C. elegans and reveal a new ro
197 stranded RNA is processed by Dicer and RDE-1/Argonaute into primary siRNA that guides target mRNA rec
199 These findings demonstrate that the role of Argonautes is conserved through the bacterial and archae
200 s elegans microRNA-specific Argonaute ALG-1 (Argonaute-like gene) that are antimorphic [alg-1(anti)].
201 combined results reveal the mechanisms that Argonaute likely uses to efficiently identify miRNA targ
202 From cellular fractionation to analysis of Argonaute loading results, this protocol takes 4-6 d to
204 the CRISPR-associated Marinitoga piezophila Argonaute (MpAgo) protein cleaves single-stranded target
212 , the tuning action of a small RNA-catalytic Argonaute pathway generates oocytes capable of supportin
213 This observation suggests that the miRNA-Argonaute pathway may play a pathogenic role in subverti
215 led to the emergence of small RNA-catalytic Argonaute pathways in the female germline as a post-tran
217 ntersecting forebrain miR profiles that were Argonaute precipitated, synaptic vesicle target enriched
218 NA (piRNA) cluster; we observe that the Piwi Argonaute PRG-1 is involved in the regulation of nictati
219 e sites of occupancy by Piwi, a piRNA-guided Argonaute protein central to transposon silencing in Dro
220 ature microRNAs are stabilized and stored in Argonaute protein complexes that can be activated by mit
221 ponent of P granules, the endo-siRNA-binding Argonaute protein CSR-1, has recently been ascribed with
224 hod for investigating an early step in RNAi, Argonaute protein loading with small RNAs, which is enab
226 small non-coding RNAs bound to a distinctive Argonaute protein of Trypanosoma cruzi, TcPIWI-tryp.
227 f guide-independent cleavage activity for an Argonaute protein potentially serving as a guide biogene
229 i response to the virus, which redirects the Argonaute protein RDE-1 from its endogenous small RNA co
230 al model systems, we demonstrate that stable Argonaute protein-associated small RNAs are capable of r
231 of microRNAs exist in low molecular weight, Argonaute protein-containing complexes devoid of essenti
237 l physiology and disease by associating with Argonaute proteins and downregulating partially compleme
239 mediated gene silencing, the presence of the Argonaute proteins and other small RNA components in the
240 C-formation is dependent on a shared pool of Argonaute proteins and RISC-loading factors, and is susc
242 lant tRFs are sorted into different types of ARGONAUTE proteins and that they have potential target c
244 "seed" mechanism reminiscent of that used by Argonaute proteins during RNA interference in eukaryotes
245 Here, we review current understanding of Argonaute proteins from a structural prospective and dis
246 arts et al. (2017) discover that prokaryotic Argonaute proteins generate their own DNA guide strands
251 miRs were readily co-immunoprecipitated with Argonaute proteins in vivo and were active in luciferase
253 an Ixodes scapularis-derived cell line, key Argonaute proteins involved in RNAi and the response aga
255 We investigated the role of two of the five Argonaute proteins of D. discoideum, AgnA and AgnB, in D
258 We find that both eukaryotic and prokaryotic Argonaute proteins reshape the fundamental properties of
260 ely 23 to 30 nucleotides bound to PIWI clade Argonaute proteins silence transposons in a manner that
261 These double-stranded products assemble with Argonaute proteins such that one strand is preferentiall
263 is the founding member of a gonadal clade of Argonaute proteins that serve as silencing effectors for
265 ptional regulation of human genes by guiding Argonaute proteins to complementary sites in messenger R
267 ense against transposable elements and guide Argonaute proteins to nascent RNA transcripts to induce
268 icroRNAs repress mRNA translation by guiding Argonaute proteins to partially complementary binding si
269 29 nucleotide (nt) small RNAs complexed with argonaute proteins to suppress parasitic mobile sequence
271 omoting loading of derivative 5p miRNAs into Argonaute proteins via a Dicer-coupled 5' monophosphate-
272 was unexpected, since endogenous loading of Argonaute proteins was believed to occur exclusively via
274 endent biogenesis, physical association with Argonaute proteins, and the ability to repress mRNA tran
275 stems, including innate immunity centered on Argonaute proteins, bacteriophage exclusion, and new typ
276 progress has been made toward understanding Argonaute proteins, small RNAs, and their roles in eukar
277 RdRP recruitment and mRNA silencing require Argonaute proteins, which are generally thought to degra
278 Dicer into small RNA duplexes that load into Argonaute proteins, which retain a single mature strand
283 ithin the germline requires SID-1, a primary Argonaute RDE-1, a secondary Argonaute HRDE-1, and an RN
284 egans, the enzymatic activity of the primary Argonaute, RDE-1, is not required for silencing activity
286 use partial base-pairing characteristics of Argonaute RNPs to bind mRNAs randomly in Drosophila, act
287 at RISC-recycling determines the effect that Argonaute scarcity conditions have on target expression
288 additional evidence that fission yeast siRNA-Argonaute silencing complexes are recruited to target lo
291 lso epigenetic binary signals in the form of Argonaute/small RNA complexes that constitute a memory o
292 Using in vitro assays, which recapitulate Argonaute-specific loop loading from synthetic pre-miRNA
293 gether, our data suggest the evolution of an Argonaute subclass with noncanonical specificity for a 5
297 tic structural study of Thermus thermophilus Argonaute (TtAgo) ternary complexes containing single-ba
299 iRNAs, interacts with HESO1 through its Piwi/Argonaute/Zwille and PIWI domains, which bind the 3' end
300 Dicer is phosphorylated in the platform-Piwi/Argonaute/Zwille-connector helix cassette upon induction
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