ライフサイエンスコーパス: attentional

1 s to the alpha4 subunit weaken cognitive and attentional abilities.

2 k a simple way to measure a person's overall attentional abilities.

3 rebrain structures, including the insula and attentional activation of the PAG.

4 These distinct patterns of attentional allocation could provide a powerful means of

5 sm of attention, but rather a side effect of attentional allocation strategies in different behaviora

6 functions, including sensory integration and attentional allocation.

7 We investigated this issue within an attentional analgesia paradigm with brainstem-optimized

8 istinct roles for a brainstem triumvirate in attentional analgesia: with the PAG activated by attenti

9 e learning, which is facilitated by elevated attentional and emotional states involving activation of

10 gregation for higher cognitive load; greater attentional and environmentally driven control system se

11 ly postnatal oral Mn exposure causes lasting attentional and impulse control deficits in adulthood, a

12 eem to be most susceptible to misattributing attentional and memory effects as perceptual, and identi

13 t, and to explain perceptual effects from an attentional and memory perspective.

14 The key role of relevance in attentional and memory processing, and its links with ar

15 ures of predictive processing in the spatial attentional and motor intentional system.

16 dictability on brain activity in the spatial attentional and motor intentional system.

17 hat allows distinguishing between effects on attentional and motor processes.

18 suggest that LIP local networks encoding the attentional and movement priority of competing visual lo

19 sed for over two centuries as an artefact of attentional and response bias, to which traditional subj

20 work efficiency, which could drive disturbed attentional and visual processing.

21 esioned, number processing tasks with higher attentional and working memory loads, like transcoding z

22 te for an age-related increase in experience/attentional-based influences in processing temporally co

23 cell-type and circuit mechanisms underlying attentional behaviors in a genetically tractable species

24 Such an attentional bias contributes to nonadaptive reward proce

25 A newer proposal suggests that attentional bias is not a static phenomenon, but rather

26 These findings demonstrate an early attentional bias to reward that potentially drives risk

27 e results suggest that acute stress disrupts attentional bias to threat including a reduction in earl

28 y investigated the effect of acute stress on attentional bias to threat using behavioral and ERP meth

29 ine the impact of stress-induced cortisol on attentional bias to threat, participants in the stress g

30 whether bonobos, similar to humans, have an attentional bias toward emotional scenes compared with c

31 f cholinergic neuromodulation can mediate an attentional bias toward reward-related cues, thereby all

32 Behavioral results showed a pattern of attentional bias toward threat in the Control group but

33 in the stress group, suggesting a suppressed attentional bias under stress.

34 rom threat, but PTSD patients showed greater attentional bias variability (ABV), which correlated wit

35 de sensory dysfunctions like hypervigilance, attentional bias, and impaired sensory gating.

36 ver, neuroscientific studies have shown that attentional biases can emerge in parallel but in a spati

37 tive tasks designed to assess visual-spatial attentional biases have shown mixed results.

38 sensitized sensory-perceptual processes and attentional biases to potential danger cues in the envir

39 Reward learning gives rise to strong attentional biases.

40 Additionally, the traditional attentional blink (AB) occurs because detection of any t

41 al processing of the target via an emotional attentional blink (EAB).

42 ight on the mechanisms that give rise to the attentional blink by revealing that conscious target per

43 We show that, behaviorally, the attentional blink impairs conscious decisions about the

44 iatum activity while 7 patients performed an attentional blink task in which they had to detect two t

45 al electrophysiological recordings during an attentional blink task, we tested the idea that the vent

46 early as 80 ms after T1, indicating that the attentional blink to T2 may be due to very early T1-driv

47 500 ms, it is often not perceived (i.e., the attentional blink).

48 anipulated access to consciousness using the attentional blink.

49 data suggest that error detection causes an attentional bottleneck, which can diminish sensory proce

50 n to perceive the perturbations, which frees attentional capacity and tends to activate the default m

51 Upon reaching adulthood, we tested the attentional capacity of the rats and measured their brai

52 ma oscillations are associated with enhanced attentional capacity.

53 Differential prefrontal involvement in attentional capture and response inhibition has been lin

54 explicit absence of reward, the magnitude of attentional capture by previously reward-associated but

55 However, during attentional capture different strategies resulted in div

56 r unselectively whenever detecting a stop or attentional capture signal (stop then discriminate strat

57 tion process of the critical signal (stop vs attentional capture signal) may interact with the go pro

58 of individual susceptibility to value-driven attentional capture, which is known to play a role in ad

59 ink to T2 may be due to very early T1-driven attentional capture.

60 tors (nAChRs) play a fundamental role in the attentional circuitry throughout the mammalian CNS.

61 rder (ADHD), we targeted the relationship of attentional, cognitive control and motivational processe

62 This effect probably works as an attentional compensatory activity used to compensate for

63 How this attentional competition is influenced by motivational sa

64 ate prefrontal cortex that subserve top-down attentional control and working memory.

65 ried behavioral consequences for preparatory attentional control beyond lapses of attentional engagem

66 elated oscillatory brain activity underlying attentional control function.

67 affective conflicts engage early dissociable attentional control mechanisms and a later common confli

68 right frontal cortex proactively implements attentional control mechanisms to help filter out any di

69 rial covariations to gain insight into these attentional control mechanisms.

70 cy interaction mechanistically subserves the attentional control of stimulus selection.SIGNIFICANCE S

71 ict segregation between sources and sites of attentional control on the basis of representational pro

72 are associated with the timing of a specific attentional control operation that suppresses processing

73 rmation, perhaps because of better executive/attentional control over behavior, which requires fronta

74 Prefrontal cortex can exercise goal-driven attentional control over sensory information via cortica

75 y to moment-by-moment changes in preparatory attentional control over spatial selection.

76 g of the systems-level mechanisms underlying attentional control remains limited.

77 Reduced effectiveness of top-down attentional control under SD, especially when conditions

78 The impairment in flexible shifting of attentional control we observed is distinct from lapses

79 (FP) areas underlies the representation and attentional control, respectively, of sensory informatio

80 nts, as well as the frontoparietal theory of attentional control.

81 primates showing how thalamus contributes to attentional control.

82 only visible flicker serves as an exogenous attentional cue and that flicker rates too high to be pe

83 ations indicate that the previously observed attentional deficit to voices in ASD individuals could b

84 By contrast, relief of withdrawal-related attentional deficits and cigarette ratings depend on nic

85 units are associated with working memory and attentional deficits and why alpha4beta2-nAChR agonists

86 additional value in longitudinally tracking attentional deficits because it provides a range of scor

87 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) showing attentional deficits have implicated abnormal activities

88 nAChR dysfunction may partially underpin the attentional deficits that contribute to the loss of spee

89 exposed to the dynamic stimulation showed no attentional deficits under baseline task conditions, but

90 key features of autism, such as cognitive or attentional deficits, remain unknown.

91 763 mg/cigarette may contribute to temporary attentional deficits.

92 transfer of sensory information depending on attentional demand and state of arousal.

93 s the firing mode of thalamic cells based on attentional demand.

94 has been reported, especially when increased attentional demands are required.

95 or (i.e., switching choices) and decrease as attentional demands decline (i.e., as performance become

96 the brain flexibly responds under differing attentional demands to engender effective behavior.

97 wing lateralized activity during conflicting attentional demands.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Attention mod

98 ected in the cue-locked N1) and a deficit in attentional disengagement from the right hemispace (refl

99 This group showed an opposing sustained attentional disengagement.

100 attention are markers for later diagnoses of attentional disorders [6], sustained attention is often

101 and treatment of vestibular and higher-level attentional disorders by introducing new biases to count

102 In the spatial attentional domain, it has been shown that parts of the

103 We now report the effects of the pro-attentional drug, d-amphetamine, on PPI and neurocogniti

104 th social anxiety disorder exhibit increased attentional dwelling on social threats, providing a viab

105 phenomenon lack the resolution to elucidate attentional dynamics, particularly covert influences.

106 Early postnatal Mn exposure caused lasting attentional dysfunction due to impairments in attentiona

107 Attentional dysfunction in schizophrenia (SZ) contribute

108 mplex, and delineating the precise nature of attentional dysfunction in schizophrenia has been diffic

109 iding neurophysiological characterization of attentional dysfunction in SZ using the reverse-translat

110 ural substrates of translational measures of attentional dysfunction would prove invaluable for devel

111 heir causal basis, and methods for assessing attentional dysfunctions.

112 Firestone & Scholl (F&S) bracket many attentional effects as "peripheral," altering the inputs

113 ce were detected in either group, though pro-attentional effects of amphetamine in patients were asso

114 r model also makes the novel prediction that attentional effects on response curves should shift from

115 Our model reproduces the observed attentional effects on response rates (response gain, in

116 is region arises from the need for increased attentional effort and alertness for visuomotor control

117 For narrative videos, attentional engagement can be represented as the level o

118 Attentional engagement is a major determinant of how eff

119 ovides a highly robust index of the level of attentional engagement with a naturalistic narrative sti

120 ixed versus Pure blocks, suggesting enhanced attentional engagement.

121 aratory attentional control beyond lapses of attentional engagement.

122 disentangling the mechanisms underlying the attentional enhancement of relevant stimulus input and t

123 Surprisingly, we discovered that attentional enhancements of population-level representat

124 presenting a "focused awareness" process or "attentional episode" that is variously manifested accord

125 t acts as a functional bridge between dorsal attentional (exogenously-oriented) and default mode (int

126 characterized by disrupted sensorimotor and attentional experience, leads to altered experience-depe

127 eductions in neural noise can better explain attentional facilitation of behavior.

128 tasks using the same stimuli controlled for attentional filtering ability, sensorimotor and temporal

129 lamic pathway mediates rapid and goal-driven attentional filtering at the earliest stages of sensory

130 neural correlates of spontaneous changes in attentional flexibility may contribute to our understand

131 ved as a behavioral index of fluctuations in attentional flexibility.

132 ous performance task optimized for detecting attentional fluctuations.

133 bustly coded in the hidden state, decoupling attentional focus from cue-directed forgetting.

134 to existing literature on the flexibility of attentional focus in visual search and reading.

135 But it is unclear how attentional focus on the primary dimension of auditory r

136 intelligence and MD function to a process of attentional focus on the successive parts of complex beh

137 sk taking, impulsivity, behavior change, and attentional focus.

138 hly salient stimuli has long-term effects on attentional functions later in life, and that these effe

139 ed the Attention Network Test to measure the attentional functions of alerting, orienting, and execut

140 eta to gamma frequencies to link sensory and attentional functions.

141 nclear whether venlafaxine improves specific attentional functions.

142 theta/alpha bands supports the regulation of attentional functions.

143 Moreover, we show that attentional gain fluctuations, even if unknown to a down

144 Studies in human subjects demonstrate that attentional gain of cortical responses can sufficiently

145 owever, after extensive training, this early attentional gain was eliminated even though there were s

146 stead result from reduced variability of the attentional gain when a stimulus is attended.

147 ulus salience is conceptually similar to an "attentional habit." Recording event-related potentials i

148 ate that reinforcement learning engages both attentional habits and goal-directed processes in parall

149 mispatial neglect, in which patients exhibit attentional impairments and problems with movements affe

150 the lack of entrainment by external stimuli, attentional lapses were also characterized by high-ampli

151 nuous monitoring paradigm designed to elicit attentional lapses.

152 ear behavioral evidence for reward-dependent attentional learning in the auditory domain in humans.

153 hether these effects originate at a motor or attentional level remains a matter of debate.

154 t tracking task because it is known to evoke attentional load effects on neural activity in visual mo

155 cked targets, we could measure the effect of attentional load on the PIVC and the PIC while holding t

156 Greater attentional load, induced by increasing the number of tr

157 ntional analgesia: with the PAG activated by attentional load; specific RVM regions showing pronocice

158 paratively little is known about preparatory attentional mechanisms for inhibiting expected distracti

159 ults highlight the intimate relation between attentional mechanisms, uncertainty, and decision making

160 t distinguishes between two major classes of attentional mechanisms: those that alter the quality of

161 ween two images in rivalry is driven by both attentional modulation and mutual inhibition, which have

162 We found significant relationships between attentional modulation and neuronal position within the

163 milarity gain model and further suggest that attentional modulation depends critically upon the match

164 tates a rapid, saccade-synchronized shift of attentional modulation from the neuronal population repr

165 ic differences in several different forms of attentional modulation in area V4.

166 ed by ISC, has been linked to engagement and attentional modulation in earlier studies that used high

167 here has been no successful demonstration of attentional modulation in healthy subjects.

168 nfluence of the FEF and prefrontal cortex on attentional modulation of cortical visual processing ext

169 In particular, the rules governing attentional modulation of individual neurons, whether th

170 We found noninvasive EEG signatures for attentional modulation of neural events following percep

171 and physiological observations suggest that attentional modulation targets higher levels of the visu

172 hlight hypothesis argues for a role in focal attentional modulation through positive feedback, consis

173 mechanisms of attention, we must discern how attentional modulation varies by cell type and across co

174 ure similarity gain model in V1, we compared attentional modulation with neuronal feature selectivity

175 imple mechanism that explains how a top-down attentional modulation, falling on higher visual areas,

176 e dorsal stream areas did not exhibit strong attentional modulation, ventral stream areas V4d and the

177 ulates thalamic relay activity through focal attentional modulation.

178 se findings by manipulating the observed vRF attentional modulations and recomputing our measures of

179 s, and (3) linking how different types of RF attentional modulations change the population-level repr

180 The relationship between these attentional modulations in the sensory tracking of the a

181 een the stimulus-evoked visual responses and attentional modulations of behavior.

182 Yet we know little about how the attentional modulations of single RFs contribute to the

183 t atypical development involving perceptual, attentional, motor, and social systems precede the emerg

184 were used to quantify predominantly sensory-attentional (N1), motivational salience (feedback-relate

185 hreat, likely due to greater vlPFC-dependent attentional narrowing on threat cues at the expense of h

186 e discussed.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The human attentional network adapts to detect stimuli that predic

187 ed monitoring activity in the frontoparietal attentional network and may contribute to premature diag

188 marily with activity in regions of the human attentional network controlling the speed of learning.

189 domain, it has been shown that parts of the attentional networks are sensitive to the predictability

190 a Go/No-go task in modulating three distinct attentional networks: alertness, orienting and executive

191 ported in neglect patients: both a rightward attentional orienting bias (reflected in the cue-locked

192 d N2pc waves, reflecting faster and stronger attentional orienting to the targets.

193 ivational go/nogo task, indicated diminished attentional orienting, reduced inhibitory response contr

194 nstrated event-related potential evidence of attentional orienting.

195 tention in healthy subjects by mimicking the attentional pattern typically reported in neglect patien

196 ward-deviating PA in healthy subjects mimics attentional patterns typically seen in neglect patients.

197 Attentional performance is typically assessed via contin

198 r results suggest that the SC contributes to attentional performance predominantly by generating a sp

199 sterior parietal and temporal regions, while attentional performance was associated with more frontal

200 Moreover, attentional performance was incompatible with serial sel

201 ortex predicted idiosyncratic variability in attentional performance when looking for each identity i

202 STs also exhibit poor attentional performance, relative to goal-trackers (GTs)

203 ant stimuli distract people and impair their attentional performance.

204 f posterior areas and with a contribution to attentional performance; it seems to reflect dendrite pa

205 ttentional dysfunction due to impairments in attentional preparedness, selective attention, and arous

206 We conclude that attentional prioritization in working memory can be dyna

207 w insights into the neural implementation of attentional prioritization within working memory.

208 the neurochemical mechanisms underlying the attentional priority of learned reward cues remain unexp

209 Monozygotic female twins with greater attentional problems than their co-twins had greater nic

210 dicating memantine-associated improvement in attentional processes at the stimulus identification/dis

211 othesis that electrophysiological markers of attentional processes in the healthy human brain are aff

212 ynamic status must interact with arousal and attentional processes so that voiding occurs under appro

213 findings indicate that memantine may benefit attentional processes that represent fundamental compone

214 igated the relations between these different attentional processes.

215 ively affect EEG signatures of motor but not attentional processes.

216 ylcholine (ACh) in the neocortex facilitates attentional processes.

217 DMN activity in favor of externally-directed attentional processes.

218 ylcholine (ACh) in the neocortex facilitates attentional processes.

219 ceptual processing and influencing emotional attentional processes.

220 firing appears to indicate an impairment of attentional processes.

221 -signal tasks, the salient stop signal needs attentional processing before genuine response inhibitio

222 Theories of aberrant attentional processing in social anxiety, and anxiety di

223 Thus, when studying attentional processing of salient stop signals, strategi

224 nfrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and an implicit attentional processing procedure.

225 ency-specific sensory flicker affects online attentional processing, and also demonstrate that the co

226 ased and sustained firing during goal-driven attentional processing, correlating to the level of atte

227 etic silencing of FS-PV neurons deteriorated attentional processing, while optogenetic synchronizatio

228 -dependent rate modulation during successful attentional processing.

229 in the local mPFC circuit during goal-driven attentional processing.

230 urons in FEF of Macaca mulatta show stronger attentional rate modulation than putative pyramidal cell

231 data, we identified shared neural codes for attentional reorienting and generous donations in the po

232 suggest that TMS probes theta phase-reset by attentional reorienting and help link periodic sampling

233 over the occipital cortex to interfere with attentional reorienting and study its role and temporal

234 ion-making (empathy, perspective taking, and attentional reorienting) and linked them to dissociable

235 Efficient control of attentional resources and high-acuity vision are both fu

236 People commit both time and attentional resources to an engaging stimulus.

237 ent study investigated whether rats dedicate attentional resources to the sensory modality in which a

238 ate auditory streams, which then compete for attentional resources.

239 by increasing use of cortical cognitive and attentional resources.

240 neurophysiological activity associated with attentional selection and active suppression during a co

241 our findings are compatible with a view that attentional selection and fixation rely on shared spatia

242 to characterize the neural underpinnings of attentional selection in natural scenes with high tempor

243 Efficient attentional selection is crucial in many everyday situat

244 ough a reward-learning period, where correct attentional selection of one stimulus (CS+) lead to high

245 Attentional selection requires the interplay of multiple

246 ults provide evidence for fast and efficient attentional selection that mediates the rapid detection

247 Here, to test theoretical accounts of attentional selection, we used a novel task requiring su

248 tion of thalamic spike rates prevails during attentional selection, whereas global inhibition more li

249 eoretical accounts of the brain circuits for attentional selection.

250 al and possibly critical role of the PITd in attentional selection.

251 learn more about the brain areas supporting attentional selection.

252 hat control states, for instance, heightened attentional selectivity, can become directly associated

253 i to particular control states, such as high attentional selectivity.

254 icipatory widespread increase of activity in attentional, sensory and executive regions, with its pea

255 PFC PV interneurons was sufficient to impair attentional set shifting and enhance anxiety levels.

256 sed anxiety-like behavior and impairments in attentional set shifting, but did not affect working mem

257 l set: only objects that matched the current attentional set were processed to the category level wit

258 ing behavior were assessed 24 h later on the attentional set-shifting test or shock-probe defensive b

259 We measured cognitive flexibility (attentional set-shifting) and goal-directed performance

260 thin-scene objects as a function of top-down attentional set.

261 the match between visual input and top-down attentional set: only objects that matched the current a

262 ment changes in the efficacy of control over attentional shifts.

263 t these areas are associated with a state of attentional stability.

264 ong, allowing perfect discrimination between attentional state across individuals.

265 re we study analytically how fluctuations in attentional state affect the structure of population res

266 was more likely to have been in the correct attentional state during encoding.

267 y related to mind-wandering and include also attentional state fluctuations that are not captured by

268 ippocampal subfield that corresponded to the attentional state induced by each task.

269 othesized that behavioral goals modulate the attentional state of the hippocampus to prioritize goal-

270 ng the same movie is highly sensitive to the attentional state of the viewer and listener, which is a

271 mber of factors, from changes in arousal and attentional state to learning and task engagement.

272 dence that dogs are sensitive to the human's attentional state when producing facial expressions, sug

273 s an active process, especially sensitive to attentional state.

274 involves the predictive modeling of others' attentional states.

275 responses, but their use of such a top-down attentional strategy is less effective at preventing err

276 Attentional switches across dimensions correlated with a

277 is pathway likely plays an important role in attentional switches between the laterally placed eyes o

278 dala and in the cortex can contribute to the attentional symptoms that accompany several neuropsychia

279 amic reticular nucleus (TRN) is a hub of the attentional system that gates thalamo-cortical signaling

280 Subjects tracked the attentional target veridically throughout our task: i.e.

281 which were assessed for both changes due to attentional task and conscious perception.

282 area V4, and parietal control area 7a during attentional task performance.

283 imuli and to their interaction regardless of attentional task, although a subset of the responses is

284 raining that uses a demanding, feature-based attentional task.

285 vement of the noradrenergic system during an attentional task.

286 In contrast to standard static attentional tasks where the eye remains fixed at a prede

287 ver, the degree to which the contents of the attentional template are individually unique and where t

288 This attentional template for currently relevant stimuli can

289 ermined by representations stored within an "attentional template" held in working memory.

290 cal representations that are also present in attentional templates for target search.

291 e (cognitive lapses) typically attributed to attentional thalamic and frontoparietal circuits, but th

292 sing alertness, vigilance, and by decreasing attentional thresholds.

293 er, the similarity of improvements following attentional tracking and action video-game training sugg

294 ame, (2) a psychophysical task that combined attentional tracking with a spatially and temporally unp

295 with both the action video game and modified attentional tracking yielded improvements in visual perf

296 normal vision condition due to monotony and attentional underload.

297 anges to intentional visuomotor, rather than attentional visuospatial, processes underlie the PA afte

298 ations of 8Av/45 seem to affect the relative attentional weighting of saccade targets as well as sacc

299 e (spatial shifts) compared with maintaining attentional weights at the same location (stay events).

300 es were measured as displacements of spatial attentional weights based on internal rules of relevance