ライフサイエンスコーパス: autoreactive

1 tiple HIV-1 clades are often polyreactive or autoreactive.

2 Plasma cells and the autoreactive Abs they produce are suspected to contribut

3 were associated with increased production of autoreactive Abs when those cells were introduced into h

4 ribute to residual EAE severity by producing autoreactive Abs.

5 itively charged CDR3 segments, suggestive of autoreactive Abs.

6 ogether with macrophages and B cells and are autoreactive against peripheral myelin protein zero.

7 We show that autoreactive alpha3135-145-specific T cells expand in pa

8 unity, and with unique effects on priming of autoreactive and arthritogenic T cells, provides new ins

9 These antibodies are commonly autoreactive and incorporate evolutionarily conserved sp

10 revealing differential p21 requirements for autoreactive and normal T cell activity regulation.

11 ell therapy did not alter the frequencies of autoreactive and polyreactive B cells, which remained el

12 a human B-cell population that is naturally autoreactive and tolerized by functional anergy (BND cel

13 lammasomes, and independent of infection and autoreactive antibodies or antigen-specific T cells.

14 they undergo secondary recombination to edit autoreactive antibodies.

15 Adoptive transfer of autoreactive, antigen-experienced CD25(lo)Foxp3(+)CD4(+)

16 Increased anti-thymocyte/Thy-1 autoreactive (ATA) BCR cells in the B1 B cell subset by

17 ependent role for neutrophils in restraining autoreactive B cell activation in lupus.

18 l mouse model where the presence of a single autoreactive B cell clone drives the TLR7-dependent acti

19 ion of BAFF and a consequential reduction of autoreactive B cell clones and autoantibodies.

20 tolerance checkpoints are in place to remove autoreactive B cell populations and prevent the developm

21 irected against an exogenous Ag can cause an autoreactive B cell response and participate in the lice

22 e iNKT cells to regulate potentially harmful autoreactive B cell responses during inflammasome-driven

23 epitope recognition commonly observed during autoreactive B cell responses.

24 heckpoints exist to reduce the initiation of autoreactive B cell responses.

25 Myelin-specific antibodies produced by autoreactive B cells after activation in the periphery d

26 reover, the limited proliferative history of autoreactive B cells after treatment revealed that these

27 triggers a checkpoint for the elimination of autoreactive B cells and represents a new strategy to ov

28 Autoreactive B cells are associated with the development

29 acilitate the maturation of polyreactive and autoreactive B cells as well as to enhance the affinity

30 ction, and that VprBP is necessary to rescue autoreactive B cells from anergy induction.

31 Autoreactive B cells have critical roles in a large dive

32 in CD8 T cells would alter the expansion of autoreactive B cells in an autoimmune setting.

33 universal strategy for specific targeting of autoreactive B cells in antibody-mediated autoimmune dis

34 sm by which AID prevents the accumulation of autoreactive B cells in blood is unclear.

35 g plasma cells and suggests a role for these autoreactive B cells in contributing to autoimmunity if

36 expansion, retention, and class-switching of autoreactive B cells in GCs under conditions where ACs a

37 ion, expansion, and differentiation of other autoreactive B cells in spontaneous GCs.

38 can directly suppress autoantibody-producing autoreactive B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.

39 mechanisms on how mixed chimerism tolerizes autoreactive B cells in T1D.

40 We found that clonal deletion of highly autoreactive B cells in the bone marrow was intact in th

41 s been shown to be essential for deletion of autoreactive B cells in the germinal center.

42 dictate the levels of central tolerance and autoreactive B cells in the periphery.

43 ting in the accumulation of large numbers of autoreactive B cells in their blood.

44 The differentiation and survival of autoreactive B cells is normally limited by a variety of

45 Our previous work revealed that autoreactive B cells lacking RasGRP1 break tolerance ear

46 However, repletion with autoreactive B cells may explain the relapse that occurs

47 Many autoreactive B cells persist in the periphery in a state

48 PRPH autoreactive B cells recognized a single linear epitope

49 The genesis and dynamics of autoreactive B cells remain unknown.

50 s on the temporal and spatial progression of autoreactive B cells should be relevant for our understa

51 We hypothesize that those autoreactive B cells that survive and produce pathogenic

52 lonal expansion of immunoglobulin M (IgM)(+) autoreactive B cells, and also have an increased B-cell

53 way, a mechanism previously shown to silence autoreactive B cells, as a key physiological target to c

54 germinal centers that formed contained fewer autoreactive B cells, suggesting that IL-17 signaling is

55 These antibodies are produced by autoreactive B cells, the activation of which is largely

56 Because CTL can target and eliminate autoreactive B cells, we investigated whether IL-21R sig

57 13b (TNFRSF13B) mutations impair removal of autoreactive B cells, weaken B-cell activation, and conv

58 , is essential for the removal of developing autoreactive B cells.

59 depletes pre-existing and de novo-developed autoreactive B cells.

60 still unclear how mixed chimerism tolerizes autoreactive B cells.

61 ells and with TLRs promoting type I IFNs and autoreactive B cells.

62 d a deletional checkpoint for the removal of autoreactive B cells.

63 Autoreactive B lymphocytes are essential for the develop

64 Autoreactive B lymphocytes that commonly arise in the de

65 Autoreactive B lymphocytes that escape central tolerance

66 c immunoreceptors can direct T cells to kill autoreactive B lymphocytes through the specificity of th

67 efficiently capture ss-cell antigens allows autoreactive B-lymphocytes bypassing normal tolerance in

68 Transgenic peripherin autoreactive B-lymphocytes infiltrate NOD pancreatic isl

69 nism responsible for the skewed selection of autoreactive B1a cells remains unclear.

70 In anti-thymocyte/Thy-1 autoreactive BCR knock-in mice lacking self-Thy-1 ligand

71 Two autoreactive bNAbs, 2F5 and 4E10, recognize a conserved

72 ntify the molecular mechanism of how anergic autoreactive BND cells escape functional anergy and whet

73 cell repertoire that is not only aberrantly autoreactive but also hyperresponsive to antigen stimula

74 Furthermore, the autoreactive capacity of CU sera was evaluated and urtic

75 nsights into the molecular identity of human autoreactive CD1c-restricted T cells.

76 associated with an increase of predominantly autoreactive CD21(lo) B cells and accumulation of B cell

77 Fas lpr/j mice promotes the accumulation of autoreactive CD3(+)B220(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) T cells, therefor

78 Antifungal treatment or autoreactive CD4 T cell depletion rescues, whereas oral

79 TSSP activity as a novel mechanism promoting autoreactive CD4 T cell development/accumulation in the

80 m1J)) mouse strain was generated, possessing autoreactive CD4 T cells deficient in NOX-derived supero

81 Autoreactive CD4 T cells permit fungal infection and inc

82 Autoreactive CD4 T cells that differentiate into pathoge

83 -21-induced Th17 differentiation pathways in autoreactive CD4 T cells, highlighting its potential as

84 to be dependent on high-level production by autoreactive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells of interferon-gam

85 reactivity, B cells promote the formation of autoreactive CD4(+) effector T cells (including Th17 cel

86 female bias in the context of a more weakly autoreactive CD4(+) T cell response, and B cells play a

87 Autoreactive CD4(+) T cells and autoantibodies specific

88 cifically found in brain-infiltrating myelin-autoreactive CD4(+) T cells and contributes to the devel

89 ritis severity correlates with the number of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells and plasmablasts in the join

90 Autoreactive CD4(+) T cells are an essential feature of

91 MS) is an autoimmune disease of the CNS, and autoreactive CD4(+) T cells are considered important for

92 miting supply of paracrine IL-2 generated by autoreactive CD4(+) T cells in response to MHC class II-

93 Autoreactive CD4(+) T cells that target FcepsilonRIalpha

94 Although reactivation and accumulation of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells within the CNS are considere

95 -gamma (IFN-gamma) or sustained expansion of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells.

96 ne response following infection and regulate autoreactive CD4+ effector T cells (Teffs) to prevent au

97 In mice, generation of autoreactive CD5(+) B cells occurs as a consequence of B

98 Low-avidity autoreactive CD8 T cells (CTLs) escape from thymic negat

99 important for the accumulation of beta cell-autoreactive CD8 T cells but was dispensable for their a

100 t increased precursor frequency of beta cell-autoreactive CD8 T cells in NY8.3 mice obviated a role f

101 Autoreactive CD8 T cells play a central role in the dest

102 the expansion and accumulation of beta cell-autoreactive CD8 T cells, and in the absence of CD137 or

103 Importantly, the defects in autoreactive CD8(+) T cell proliferation, accumulation o

104 emonstrates that local myelin recognition by autoreactive CD8(+) T cells in inflammatory CNS lesions

105 analyses of insulitis, the identification of autoreactive CD8(+) T cells in situ, in islets of human

106 ligo, and reduced the number of infiltrating autoreactive CD8(+) T cells in the skin.

107 C are also required for the proliferation of autoreactive CD8(+) T cells, the upregulation of VLA4/LF

108 nduce optimal proliferation and migration of autoreactive CD8(+) T cells, ultimately determining thei

109 ity of human-origin type 1 diabetes-relevant autoreactive CD8(+) T cells.

110 of IFNalpha/beta to modulate human activated autoreactive CD8(+) T-cell (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) resp

111 "blocking" anti-CD8 antibodies can suppress autoreactive CD8(+) T-cell activation in a relatively se

112 Here, we show that autoreactive CD8(+) T-cells are highly dependent on CD8

113 normal circumstances, potentially offensive autoreactive cells are silenced by mechanisms of immune

114 l tolerance, resulting in reduced numbers of autoreactive cells at the emergent immature B cell stage

115 ance, resulting in an increased frequency of autoreactive cells in the mature naive B cell compartmen

116 e-rich diet contributes to the activation of autoreactive cells rather than the generation of the aut

117 hymocytes from NODBim(-/-) mice suggest that autoreactive cells receiving strong T-cell receptor sign

118 Given the high prevalence of autoreactive clones among CD21(low) B cells in autoimmun

119 stitution with B cells containing forbidden, autoreactive clones provides direct evidence that normal

120 n contrast, thymic B cells were enriched for autoreactive clones that showed increased specificity to

121 manized mice resulted in a failure to remove autoreactive clones.

122 cal blockade of body's stress axes increases autoreactive CNS antigen-specific T-cell responses in th

123 e Ab-mediated transplant rejection and their autoreactive counterparts in animal models of lupus and

124 his article, we report that an enrichment of autoreactive dsDNA Ab-secreting cells (ASCs) in the kidn

125 he role of cDCs on a classical TLR-dependent autoreactive EF response elicited in rheumatoid-factor B

126 rucial role in the control of de novo primed autoreactive effector CD8(+) T cells in this diabetes mo

127 hat facilitate priming of Treg cells but not autoreactive effector CD8(+) T cells.

128 These results suggest that, in polarized autoreactive effector T cells, miRNA synthesis is inhibi

129 from destruction of pancreatic beta cells by autoreactive effector T cells.

130 mide moiety plays a marginal role within the autoreactive epitope.

131 e tolerance was broken for one self-antigen, autoreactive GCs generated B cells targeting other self-

132 thematosus (SLE), but the natural history of autoreactive GCs remains unclear.

133 clonal antibody recognizing an intrinsically autoreactive heavy chain, we show enrichment in self-rea

134 d these autoantigens directly activated CD1b-autoreactive HJ1 T cells.

135 To study how autoreactive human B cells undergo tolerance, we develop

136 opes with enhanced potential for stimulating autoreactive human B cells.

137 Autoreactive IgA plasma cells (PCs) specific for the enz

138 ternative therapeutic strategies that target autoreactive IgA-secreting plasmablasts/plasma cells.

139 , removal of self-antigens, and responses to autoreactive IgE antibodies.

140 The presence of autoreactive IgE in human systemic lupus erythematosus s

141 of CD301b(+) DC results in the generation of autoreactive IgG responses.

142 In this study, the autoreactive Igs in patients with DHF and in NS1-immuniz

143 t represent an adaptive mechanism preventing autoreactive immune responses after stroke.

144 concur in the generation and maintenance of autoreactive immune responses.

145 tioning chemotherapy regimens to destroy the autoreactive immune system followed by graft reinfusion

146 ent of CD40/CD80/86 knockout mice are highly autoreactive in vitro and are lethal in congenic adoptiv

147 he hepatocellular membrane, and induction of autoreactive liver-specific T cells was detected.

148 tion of monocyte maturation and promotion of autoreactive lymphocyte survival.

149 both diseases, prevented the trafficking of autoreactive lymphocytes from the periphery to the site

150 n self-tolerance by functionally suppressing autoreactive lymphocytes.

151 The low frequency of autoreactive mature naive B cells in UNG-deficient patie

152 o were unable to prevent the accumulation of autoreactive mature naive B cells.

153 upus they promote aberrant GC responses with autoreactive memory B cell development and plasma cell-d

154 s of CD8/CD4Foxp3 cells, suggesting that the autoreactive memory T cells provide help for activation

155 eficiency can have dysregulated T cells, and autoreactive mouse thymocytes with weak Zap-70 signaling

156 r investigative group developed recombinant, autoreactive, natural human IgM antibodies directed agai

157 ivity correlated with decreased frequency of autoreactive new emigrant/transitional B cells exiting t

158 the Notch2 pathway in NOD MZ B cells, and 3) autoreactive NOD B cell survival relies on BTK more than

159 it may be possible simultaneously to target autoreactive or malignant cell survival.

160 s preferentially supporting the expansion of autoreactive pathogenic T cells.

161 is, are neuroinflammatory diseases driven by autoreactive pathogenic TH cells that elicit demyelinati

162 B cells expressing this BCR display an autoreactive phenotype and fail to respond efficiently t

163 antibodies even when the B cells display an autoreactive phenotype.

164 disease, SLO germinal center formation, and autoreactive plasma cell production.

165 ive selection in the thymus, thymocytes with autoreactive potential are either deleted or differentia

166 nctionally equivalent to acute activation of autoreactive pre-B cell receptor signaling, which engage

167 The poly- and autoreactive property is therefore not due to the infect

168 expressed heavy (H) or light (L) chain of an autoreactive receptor is replaced by upstream V genes wh

169 because it is a mechanism known to generate autoreactive receptors, this implies that shark lymphocy

170 Here we show that Plasmodium DNA induces autoreactive responses against erythrocytes by activatin

171 d complexes, which is sufficient to activate autoreactive responses to CD1b-expressing cells.

172 otably, IDO2 appears to specifically mediate autoreactive responses, but not normal B cell responses,

173 ent is a formative stage in the spleen where autoreactive specificities are censored as B cells gain

174 e endogenous and transgenic TCRs, may harbor autoreactive specificities.

175 odies are not inherently polyspecific and/or autoreactive, suggesting that polyreactivity of MPER-spe

176 king rhesus monkey CD28 with FR104 mitigated autoreactive T and B cell activation and prevented CNS p

177 ese disorders, such as molecules that target autoreactive T and B cells and anti-inflammatory mediato

178 g the presence of a continuous generation of autoreactive T and B cells within the pituitary gland.

179 sponses by supporting the cross talk between autoreactive T and B cells.

180 he activity of T1D patient-derived beta cell-autoreactive T cell clones and lines, but, when screenin

181 Autoreactive T cell clones were detected in the peripher

182 mpaired regulatory T cell generation, led to autoreactive T cell generation.

183 ll activation involved signaling through the autoreactive T cell receptor (TCR) in response to non-co

184 Because functional studies of human autoreactive T cell responses have been limited largely

185 selves and that this might suffice to elicit autoreactive T cell responses that lead to autoimmunity.

186 ytes play an important role as APC-expanding autoreactive T cell responses ultimately causing type 1

187 s immune tolerance by ensuring that distinct autoreactive T cell specificities differentiate into the

188 is being targeted therapeutically to inhibit autoreactive T cell trafficking, and these findings sugg

189 nd accumulation of CD3(+)B220(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) autoreactive T cells (in the peripheral blood and the sp

190 In the absence of CCR4, autoreactive T cells accumulate in secondary lymphoid or

191 val in mice, but whether and how preexisting autoreactive T cells affect solid-organ transplants unde

192 The signals required to activate autoreactive T cells and allow them to cause disease in

193 ntral nervous system (CNS) that is caused by autoreactive T cells and associated with viral infection

194 s and the engagement of previously quiescent autoreactive T cells and B cells.

195 ed system, we isolated human CD1c-restricted autoreactive T cells and characterized them at the molec

196 However, the relationship between autoreactive T cells and chronic fungal infection in ESC

197 Therefore, autoreactive T cells and chronic fungal infection, foste

198 actions needed for sufficient suppression of autoreactive T cells and helps to understand how MSCs am

199 decreased disease progression by suppressing autoreactive T cells and inducing an M2 phenotype of mon

200 inical care that targets active smokers with autoreactive T cells and low BMI may temporize progressi

201 4-MU inhibits the activation of autoreactive T cells and prevents their polarization tow

202 nced reduction of IL-17- and IL-22-producing autoreactive T cells and reduced CNS influx of classical

203 Taken together, our results suggest that autoreactive T cells are able to induce the formation of

204 Our data thus reveal that autoreactive T cells are activated to cytokine productio

205 Many autoreactive T cells are found in NOD mice, but not all

206 Autoreactive T cells are key mediators of beta cell dest

207 regions to which DC may draw attention from autoreactive T cells are largely distinct and more restr

208 involution and the persistent activation of autoreactive T cells as a contributing source of chronic

209 e key factor in thymic negative selection of autoreactive T cells by promoting the ectopic expression

210 Insufficient control of autoreactive T cells by regulatory T cells (Tregs) is be

211 e graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in mice, autoreactive T cells can be generated de novo in the hos

212 to the persistent release and activation of autoreactive T cells capable of inducing inflammaging, w

213 rategies that eliminate B cells, because the autoreactive T cells could renew autoimmunity in the rec

214 antigens, which leads to the elimination of autoreactive T cells during development.

215 It is unclear where these autoreactive T cells first become activated, given that

216 A large proportion of autoreactive T cells from B6-MRL Fas lpr/j mice expresse

217 extramers) and their use in identifying CD1b autoreactive T cells from human donors.

218 Dertschnig et al describe the development of autoreactive T cells from the thymus in mice that had pr

219 nize MHC, CD1a, CD1c, or CD1d proteins, CD1b autoreactive T cells have been difficult to isolate in h

220 oclonal/oligoclonal TCR transgenic beta cell-autoreactive T cells in either the CD8 (AI4, NY8.3) or C

221 itiate disease bouts by cooperating with the autoreactive T cells in helping them to recognize their

222 g Apoe-/- mice) to determine the role of CD1-autoreactive T cells in hyperlipidemia-associated inflam

223 This led to a lack of autoreactive T cells in islets and, importantly, no inci

224 of immunological homeostasis by suppressing autoreactive T cells in liver and lung.

225 Pbx1-d is associated with the production of autoreactive T cells in mice carrying the Sle1a1 lupus-s

226 d reestablished thymic negative selection of autoreactive T cells in NOD mice, but it is still unclea

227 e immunizing Ag, which does not resemble the autoreactive T cells in RA.

228 As it can recognize and eliminate effector autoreactive T cells in the inflamed target tissue, the

229 oprotein 35-55 peptide, which induces myelin autoreactive T cells in the periphery, resulted in massi

230 tudies of annexin V expression revealed that autoreactive T cells in the spleen of B6-MRL Fas lpr/j-R

231 used as recipients to screen for pathogenic autoreactive T cells in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients.

232 tion and the subsequent amplified release of autoreactive T cells increase the susceptibility toward

233 romote the differentiation of disease-primed autoreactive T cells into TR1-like cells, which in turn

234 Moreover, thymic selection of autoreactive T cells is most active during this period,

235 us mechanisms by which the activation of CD1-autoreactive T cells is regulated.

236 I-A(b) MHC class II can mediate deletion of autoreactive T cells positively selected by I-A(g7).

237 differing self and foreign structures, CD1b autoreactive T cells recognize lipids with dual self and

238 y that central nervous system (CNS)-targeted autoreactive T cells required a process of licensing in

239 Autoreactive T cells targeting hybrid peptides may expla

240 osited MPO within glomeruli is recognized by autoreactive T cells that contribute to injury.

241 an mediate thymic deletion of cross-reactive autoreactive T cells that express more than one TCR.

242 rview of recent progress in our knowledge of autoreactive T cells that has emerged from experimental

243 fy a link between metabolic disturbances and autoreactive T cells that promotes development of autoim

244 We aimed to identify autoreactive T cells to FcepsilonRIalpha in patients wit

245 hat Idd22 regulates the ability of beta cell-autoreactive T cells to traffic into the pancreatic isle

246 has demonstrated the pathogenic role of CD1b-autoreactive T cells under hyperlipidemic conditions in

247 In psoriatic patients, the frequency of CD1b-autoreactive T cells was increased compared with that in

248 ative selection and peripheral regulation of autoreactive T cells, and induction of mixed chimerism c

249 tify and characterize potentially pathogenic autoreactive T cells, as well as protective antiviral T

250 types, including impaired central tolerance, autoreactive T cells, chronic fungal infection, and ESCC

251 ant mice progressively accumulate activated, autoreactive T cells, culminating in development of mult

252 s to actively adapt and effectively suppress autoreactive T cells, which are not fixed, but are evolv

253 (+)regulatory T (Treg) cells, which suppress autoreactive T cells.

254 ponsible for the suppression of CNS-damaging autoreactive T cells.

255 that are expected to optimize suppression of autoreactive T cells.

256 nflammation by selective killing of effector autoreactive T cells.

257 immune myocarditis in A/J mice by generating autoreactive T cells.

258 ery important in maintenance of tolerance of autoreactive T cells.

259 aracterized by CNS demyelination mediated by autoreactive T cells.

260 (mDCs) with an impaired ability to activate autoreactive T cells.

261 elopment of antimitochondrial antibodies and autoreactive T cells.

262 a neurodegenerative disease model caused by autoreactive T cells.

263 iprocally functions in negative selection of autoreactive T cells.

264 ed sublineage of T lymphocytes that suppress autoreactive T cells.

265 Tregs that cannot fully suppress polyclonal autoreactive T cells.

266 oimmune conditions caused by the presence of autoreactive T cells.

267 lished a role for Smad7 in the generation of autoreactive T cells; however, the function of Smad7 in

268 The features that define autoreactive T helper (Th) cell pathogenicity remain obs

269 ed coexpression on B cells coincided with an autoreactive T helper cell phenotype in MS patients.

270 f AA patients, it has been hypothesized that autoreactive T lymphocytes may be involved in destroying

271 high levels of apoB-100 in their joints and autoreactive T- and B-cell responses to the protein, whi

272 mote the development and appearance of these autoreactive T-bet(+) B cells.

273 nderstanding the pathobiology related to the autoreactive T-cell and microglial/macrophage demyelinat

274 critical for disease progression and proper autoreactive T-cell homing to the epidermis.

275 identify Bhlhe40 as a critical regulator of autoreactive T-cell pathogenicity.

276 in a mouse model where CNS antigen-specific autoreactive T-cell responses are boosted.

277 ultiparameter analysis of autoantibodies and autoreactive T-cell responses in 33 children/adolescents

278 slet autoantigens by selectively suppressing autoreactive T-cell responses, and that Hglc mice and in

279 t beta-cell destruction caused by pathogenic autoreactive T-cells and apoptosis triggered by endoplas

280 diabetes, an autoimmune disease mediated by autoreactive T-cells that attack insulin-secreting pancr

281 by self-antigens in a specific manner, while autoreactive Tconv cells were produced through degenerat

282 nd CD1c molecules (hCD1Tg) as well as a CD1b-autoreactive TCR (HJ1Tg) in the ApoE-deficient backgroun

283 We found that a prototypical autoreactive TCR bound CD1a when it was presenting a ser

284 lso raise the possibility that activation of autoreactive TCRs by commensal microbes might be a more

285 erosis, the pathological interaction between autoreactive Th cells and mononuclear phagocytes in the

286 utoimmune disease of the CNS, is mediated by autoreactive Th cells.

287 d natalizumab therapies efficiently targeted autoreactive TH1/TH17CM cells but also blocked virus-spe

288 We propose that autoreactive TH1/TH17CM cells expand in patients with MS

289 immune reactions, but its role in regulating autoreactive Th17 cells and organ-specific autoimmunity

290 This was sufficient for the generation of an autoreactive TH17 subset of helper T cells, prominently

291 that bNAbs are significantly more poly- and autoreactive than nNAbs.

292 lass, bNAbs are significantly more poly- and autoreactive than nNAbs.

293 xed chimerism mediates negative selection of autoreactive thymocytes in wild-type NOD and TCR-transge

294 spite substantial defects in the deletion of autoreactive thymocytes, BIM-deficient NOD (NODBim(-/-))

295 chimeras mediates deletion of cross-reactive autoreactive thymocytes.

296 by presenting self-peptides to and depleting autoreactive thymocytes.

297 d negative selection, involving apoptosis of autoreactive thymocytes.

298 A large proportion of human T cells are autoreactive to group 1 CD1 proteins, which include CD1a

299 mune disease mediated by T helper (Th) cells autoreactive to myelin.

300 ulation of B cells expressing the inherently autoreactive VH4-34 H chain (identified by the 9G4 mAb)