ライフサイエンスコーパス: avian influenza

1 th most strains, including highly pathogenic avian influenza.

2 rus antibodies from a patient vaccinated for avian influenza.

3 Human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus are frequently fatal but

4 fluenza A (H1N1) virus and highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus induce expression of tumo

5 Two epidemic waves of an avian influenza A (H7N9) virus have so far affected Chin

6 such as the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1, avian influenza A H5N1 virus subtype, or the avian influ

7 Avian influenza A H5N1 viruses have caused many, typical

8 Avian influenza A H7 viruses have caused multiple outbre

9 In the years prior to 2013, avian influenza A H7 viruses were a cause of significant

10 On 30 March 2013, a novel avian influenza A H7N9 virus causing severe human respir

11 The avian influenza A H7N9 virus has caused infections in hu

12 his study, we isolated and characterized the avian influenza A H7N9 virus in Guangdong, China, from A

13 avian influenza A H5N1 virus subtype, or the avian influenza A H7N9 virus subtype.

14 The potential role of wild mammals in avian influenza A virus (IAV) transmission cycles has re

15 r the course of two waves of infection, H7N9 avian influenza A virus has caused 436 human infections

16 these results suggest that PB1-F2 from H7N9 avian influenza A virus may be a major contributory fact

17 Avian influenza A virus polymerases typically do not fun

18 he localization of PB2 of human from that of avian influenza A virus strains.

19 During 2013, three new avian influenza A virus subtypes, A(H7N9), A(H6N1), and

20 ted for cases of human infection by emerging avian influenza A virus subtypes, including H7N9 and H10

21 Human infections caused by avian influenza A virus type subtype H7N9 have been asso

22 blish a new lineage in the human population, avian influenza A viruses (AIV) must overcome the intrac

23 Avian influenza A viruses (IAV) of the H9N2 subtype have

24 Building on the observation that avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) have a tropism for the

25 Ducks are the natural host of avian influenza A viruses and display few or no disease

26 ly bind alpha2,6-linked sialic acids whereas avian influenza A viruses bind alpha2,3-linked sialic ac

27 Avian influenza A viruses have gained increasing attenti

28 necessary for introduction and adaptation of avian influenza A viruses to mammalian hosts is importan

29 the introduction and subsequent spread of an avian influenza A(H10N7) virus among harbor seals of nor

30 that it was most closely related to various avian influenza A(H10N7) viruses.

31 igenic features related to low pathogenicity avian influenza A(H3N2) viruses and were distinct from A

32 equences of representative highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) viruses from Vietnam were generate

33 after the emergence of human infections with avian influenza A(H5N1) and has evolved over time, with

34 Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) causes severe infections in huma

35 he immunogenicity and protective efficacy of avian influenza A(H5N1) vaccine.

36 estigated 2 human cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection, detected throug

37 tation and reassortment of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses at the animal-human inte

38 cal evidence that the direction of spread of avian influenza A(H7N7) is correlated with the direction

39 rly 2013, >440 human cases of infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) have been reported including 122

40 The fatality of avian influenza A(H7N9) infection in humans was over 30%

41 Human infections by avian influenza A(H7N9) virus entail substantial morbidi

42 c influenza A(H1N1) virus (A[H1N1]pdm09) and avian influenza A(H7N9) virus hemagglutinins (HAs) despi

43 The first identified cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection in humans occurr

44 Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus is associated mainly with

45 hina in April 2013 of human illnesses due to avian influenza A(H7N9) virus provided reason for US pub

46 Human infections with the avian influenza A(H7N9) virus were first reported in Chi

47 Almost 700 cases of human infection with avian influenza A/H7N9 have been reported since 2013.

48 Human infections with avian influenza A/H7N9 have resulted in high morbidity a

49 ed cases is the key to control the spread of avian influenza (AI) H5N1.

50 ghly pathogenic (HP) and low-pathogenic (LP) avian influenza (AI) H5N2 and H7N1 were investigated dur

51 resolution (cell size: 500m x 500m) maps for Avian Influenza (AI) suitability in each of the four Nor

52 Seropositivity to avian influenza (AI) via low-level antibody titers has b

53 ated the replication of wt and ca viruses of avian influenza (AI) virus subtypes H5N1, H6N1, H7N3, an

54 ins, such as the triple reassortment of H7N9 avian influenza and the formation of circulating HIV-1 r

55 randomly assigned to receive 3.75 microg of avian influenza Anhui vaccine with or without MF59 adjuv

56 oultry, human exposure to and infection with avian influenza becomes more common.

57 (CEFs) for studies on avian viruses such as avian influenza but no comprehensive study has as yet be

58 ation) with vaccine directed toward an older avian influenza H5 strain might lead to secondary antibo

59 d approach was to select a low-pathogenicity avian influenza H5 virus that elicited antibodies that c

60 used the ferret model to address this for an avian influenza H5N1 vaccine.

61 The emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses has raised concerns about t

62 Clade 2.2.2.1 highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses were isolated from the case

63 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses.

64 H1N1 pandemic (pH1N1) and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses.

65 atory pathogens including influenza viruses (avian influenza H5N1, H7N9, and H10N8; variant influenza

66 dence data of outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in Egypt, available through the o

67 fluenza (pdmH1N1) virus or highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus elicits robust, cross-react

68 Since May 2014, highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N6 virus has been reported to cause si

69 Recently, novel highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses (clade 2.3.4.4) caused outb

70 The emergence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N3 virus in poultry throughout the sta

71 An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N7 virus in Italy during 2013 resulted

72 Human infections with avian influenza H7N9 or H10N8 viruses have been reported

73 up to 90% mortality in humans, whereas H5N1 avian influenza has a 60% fatality rate.

74 de 2.3.4.4 CVVs.IMPORTANCE Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) viruses have circulated con

75 outbreaks of newly found, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) viruses have been reporte

76 In 2015, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses have caused outbreaks

77 The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses continue to circulat

78 uses in mammals.IMPORTANCE Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses continue to evolve i

79 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses.

80 Emergence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus in Asia and its spread

81 A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus, first detected in Jan

82 m infected during the 2013 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N7 epidemic in Italy to unravel

83 With the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N9 and H5N1 strains, there is a

84 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) has recently (2014-2015) re-emerg

85 evolutionary dynamics of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strain during a naturally occurri

86 fluenza virus A/H1N1/2009, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus A/H5N1, and oseltamivir-res

87 An H7N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus and an H7N8 low-pathogenic

88 Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus H5N1 has been enzootic in E

89 H5N1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) virus has become endemic in Indon

90 tbreak of clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus that occurred in the United

91 1 (A/Vietnam/1203/2004), a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, between HN and L (PIV5-NP-

92 viruses, such as the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, pose not only pandemic thr

93 Eurasian clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus.

94 nd mortality annually, and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses along with other emerging

95 2016, the presence of H7N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses and closely related H7N8

96 ental spread of H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the A/goose/Guangdong/

97 The spread of H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the Gs/GD lineage by m

98 Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype are e

99 Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype conti

100 Infections with H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses remain a major public hea

101 the potential to mutate to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses, but such viruses' origin

102 tect poultry against H5N1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI).

103 as to reduce the risk of future epidemics of avian influenza in China.

104 on the seasonality of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in the domestic poultry population of Vi

105 e 2009 swine flu pandemic, highly pathogenic avian influenza infections, and the most recent early an

106 elded 10 (6.7%) additional highly pathogenic avian influenza isolates (H5N8 = 3 and H5N2 = 7).

107 reover, major western and eastern hemisphere avian influenza lineages inferred for each gene coalesce

108 In December 2016, a low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A(H7N2) virus was identified to b

109 s to use suitability maps for Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza (LPAI) to identify areas at high risk fo

110 rus or rg-generated PWT/06 low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) virus seed strains protected chic

111 enza (HPAI) virus and an H7N8 low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus were recently isolated from

112 Introductions of low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 int

113 uses and closely related H7N8 low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses was confirmed in commerci

114 birds and their associated low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) viruses.

115 and then with sequences taken from the H7N7 avian influenza outbreak that occurred in the Netherland

116 th recent concern over the highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks around the world, government a

117 with seasonal variation in the incidence of avian influenza outbreaks in the North of the country, t

118 However, detailed mechanisms underlying avian influenza pathogenicity are still undetermined.

119 frequent PB2-PB1-PA-NP cosegregation during avian influenza reassortment.

120 e of HA proteins including those from recent avian influenza strains A(H5N1) and A(H7N9).

121 rapid method to screen for highly pathogenic avian influenza strains that may be indicators of future

122 The highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 (HPAI H5N1) is a worldwide

123 ovel influenza strains through reassortment, avian influenza subtypes such as H5N1, H7N7, H7N2, H7N3

124 y was initiated to conduct highly pathogenic avian influenza surveillance in wild birds in the Pacifi

125 should be taken into consideration in future avian influenza vaccine trials.

126 emerge in Indonesia following widespread H5 avian influenza vaccine usage, and efficacious inactivat

127 esponses to a single dose of more current H5 avian influenza vaccine.

128 ans, the immune correlates of protection for avian influenza vaccines cannot be determined from clini

129 Previous priming with avian influenza vaccines results in more rapid and more

130 udies, chickens immunized with any of the H5 avian influenza vaccines were protected against A/chicke

131 erated and characterized a virus composed of avian influenza viral segments with high homology to the

132 Vs in fruit bats and serological evidence of avian influenza virus (AIV) H9 infection in frugivorous

133 H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) has an extended host range,

134 ainst H7 (52%), H5 (55%) and H9 (6%) subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) in egg yolk samples, and 45%

135 Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 attracts partic

136 RNA oligonucleotide sequences related to the avian influenza virus (AIV) type H5N1.

137 tion of oligonucleotide sequences related to avian influenza virus (AIV) type H5N1.

138 y nodes, we infer that the internal genes of avian influenza virus (AIV) underwent a global selective

139 l determination of DNA sequence derived from Avian Influenza Virus (AIV), type H5N1.

140 fy an interaction between specific CHIRs and avian influenza virus (AIV).

141 intranasal infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1 [A/Viet Nam/1203/2004]) in f

142 experienced several recent highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) epizootics.

143 on of the H5 HA of an H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV), A/Vietnam/1203/04 (VN1203

144 Our data provide a glimpse into avian influenza virus adaptation in mammals, with broad

145 rase genes are known to play a major role in avian influenza virus adaptation to mammalian hosts.

146 ential for reassortment of H1N1 viruses with avian influenza virus and emphasize the need for continu

147 zed human sera against the tl/TX/079/07 H3N8 avian influenza virus and observed low but detectable an

148 thern Vietnam, we tested for antibodies to 5 avian influenza virus antigens, using a protein microarr

149 A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza virus belonging to the H5 clade 2.3.4.4

150 etain fusion and attachment properties of an avian influenza virus but displayed robust growth and co

151 are that a highly pathogenic strain of H7N1 avian influenza virus can be adapted to become capable o

152 Infection of naive ferrets with H5N1 avian influenza virus causes a rapid and lethal systemic

153 suggest that the Eurasian H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 avian influenza virus emerged in late 2013 in China, spr

154 However, information on avian influenza virus evolution and transmission during

155 c analyses revealed the global prevalence of avian influenza virus genes whose proteins differ only a

156 t HA (short and long) from highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 and the anti-H5 HA monoclonal

157 ng contrast, immunization of humans with the avian influenza virus H5N1 induced broadly cross-reactiv

158 Finally, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 polymerase activity was teste

159 Avian influenza virus H5N1, a serious worldwide threat t

160 Avian influenza virus H9N2 is prevalent in waterfowl and

161 hile M2 has previously been shown to protect avian influenza virus HA proteins of the H5 and H7 subty

162 protein has previously been shown to protect avian influenza virus HA proteins that contain a polybas

163 nuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) expressing avian influenza virus hemagglutinins (HAs) prime for str

164 Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection is characterized by a ma

165 tance of H9N2 viruses as the source of novel avian influenza virus infections in humans requires cont

166 se of the pathogenicity and low incidence of avian influenza virus infections in humans, the immune c

167 ary endothelial cells in the pathogenesis of avian influenza virus infections is largely unknown.

168 H9N2 avian influenza virus is a major cause of poultry produc

169 These results imply that when an avian influenza virus jumps the species barrier from bir

170 Avian influenza virus polymerases function poorly in mam

171 Avian influenza virus reassortants resembling the 1918 h

172 the possible role of PAM in the mediation of avian influenza virus resistance, we compared the host e

173 nly 1918 PB2 impacts the pathogenicity of an avian influenza virus sharing high homology to the 1918

174 uenza virus strain, a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus strain, and a recently emerging H7

175 Influenza A(H5N1) virus and other avian influenza virus strains represent major pandemic t

176 Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 is endemic in Asia, w

177 pendent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against avian influenza virus subtypes, including H7N9 and H5N1,

178 the acquisition of the NS segment of an H5N1 avian influenza virus that had previously been overlooke

179 The zoonotic outbreak of H7N9 subtype avian influenza virus that occurred in eastern China in

180 ution PB2-A588V may be a new strategy for an avian influenza virus to adapt mammalian hosts.

181 use in the event of transmission of an H3N8 avian influenza virus to humans.

182 for HA conformational change, may facilitate avian influenza virus transmission via respiratory dropl

183 ild birds were sampled and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was detected in 1.3% (n = 63).

184 14, a Eurasian strain H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was detected in poultry in Canada.

185 Here, we characterize a low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus, A/chicken/Israel/810/2001 (H9N2)

186 pandemic H1N1 virus, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus, and the recently emerged H7N9 str

187 A novel avian influenza virus, influenza A(H7N9), emerged in Chi

188 nction (GOF) research with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome

189 during human infection with pathogenic H7N7 avian influenza virus.

190 vaccine is urgently needed against the H7N9 avian influenza virus.

191 erity of both seasonal and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

192 ed by furin, a hallmark of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

193 esence of a PB2 gene segment derived from an avian influenza virus.

194 DCs in the pathogenesis of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

195 and ferrets higher than that in an authentic avian influenza virus.

196 well as therapeutic treatments of HPAI H7N7 avian influenza virus.

197 focus of surveillance activities monitoring avian influenza viruses (AIV) circulating in poultry.

198 d, quantitative, and label-free detection of avian influenza viruses (AIV) H5N1.

199 Novel reassortants of H7N9, H10N8, and H5N6 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are currently circulating

200 Several subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are emerging as novel hum

201 Our surveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) at Delaware Bay, USA, rev

202 Outbreaks of highly pathogenic strains of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) cause considerable econom

203 TANCE The frequency of human infections with avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has increased in recent y

204 Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been pivotal to the

205 Phylogenetic analysis of these two novel avian influenza viruses (AIVs) suggested that their geno

206 he best way to predict and identify emerging avian influenza viruses (AIVs) that pose a potential thr

207 ) against several NAs of wild-type human and avian influenza viruses (H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H7N9), al

208 Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) induce severe inflammati

209 protection in mice against clade 0, 1, and 2 avian influenza viruses and also protected against seaso

210 ccines (pLAIV) representing four subtypes of avian influenza viruses and found that pLAIVs replicate

211 response to the continuing evolution of H5N1 avian influenza viruses and human infections, new candid

212 early apoptosis of PAM limits the spread of avian influenza viruses and that PB1-F2 could play a con

213 Human infections with avian influenza viruses are a serious public health conc

214 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses are associated with severe disea

215 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses are associated with severe disea

216 hosts for avian influenza viruses.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses are capable of crossing the spec

217 A(H5N1) and A(H9N2) avian influenza viruses are enzootic in Egyptian poultry

218 H9N2 avian influenza viruses are enzootic in poultry across A

219 Although most avian influenza viruses are harmless for humans, some (s

220 Emerging avian influenza viruses are of global concern because th

221 etween antigenic drift and viral fitness for avian influenza viruses as well as the challenges of pre

222 uctive and virulent infection of humans with avian influenza viruses can occur.

223 Pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza viruses continue to represent a public h

224 Most avian influenza viruses do not replicate efficiently in

225 these parameters among a panel of human and avian influenza viruses exhibiting diverse respiratory d

226 s utility for monitoring the evolution of H9 avian influenza viruses from China between 2005 and 2015

227 Our results indicate that the H7N8 avian influenza viruses from Indiana are able to replica

228 ough mutation to which functional components avian influenza viruses gain the ability to grow efficie

229 Avian influenza viruses generally replicate at higher te

230 We showed that the H9N2 avian influenza viruses harboring 190V in the HA exhibit

231 of-function' experiments on high-consequence avian influenza viruses has highlighted the role of ferr

232 acid substitutions in highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have been shown to contribute to

233 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused outbreaks among poul

234 Notably, certain avian influenza viruses have evolved to escape this rest

235 nfections in humans, as well as detection of avian influenza viruses in birds in the United States.

236 s of numerous outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in commercial poultry farms.

237 to the low activity of the RNA polymerase of avian influenza viruses in mammalian cells.

238 The restrictions to transmissibility of avian influenza viruses in mammals are multigenic, and o

239 e essential for the efficient replication of avian influenza viruses in mammals.

240 e and genetic diversity of H7N9, we surveyed avian influenza viruses in poultry in Jiangsu province w

241 gated serological profiles against human and avian influenza viruses in the general population using

242 estrict the emergence and perpetuation of HP avian influenza viruses in these natural reservoirs.

243 Full length viral PB1-F2 present only in avian influenza viruses is a virulence factor that targe

244 The number of humans infected with avian influenza viruses is increasing, raising concerns

245 cate that the number of humans infected with avian influenza viruses is much larger than the number o

246 sence of an aspartic acid in over 95% of all avian influenza viruses is not, resulting in a clear dis

247 Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) proteins from avian influenza viruses like the 1918 pandemic NS1 are c

248 Vaccines against H7 avian influenza viruses may be more effective than HI an

249 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses must acquire mutations to overco

250 Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype continue to

251 Since 1997, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype have been tr

252 Avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype pose a serio

253 Avian influenza viruses of the H7 hemagglutinin (HA) sub

254 on of human influenza virus strains, whereas avian influenza viruses overcome these restriction facto

255 Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses pose a continuing global threat.

256 ction for prepandemic vaccines.IMPORTANCE H7 avian influenza viruses present a serious risk to human

257 Avian influenza viruses rarely infect humans, but the re

258 Human and avian influenza viruses recognize different sialic acid-

259 easing, raising concerns of the emergence of avian influenza viruses resistant to neuraminidase (NA)

260 Avian influenza viruses that cause infection and are tra

261 ows H7N9 and H5N1 as the latest in a line of avian influenza viruses that cause serious disease in hu

262 d as a reservoir of internal genes for other avian influenza viruses that infect humans, and several

263 We analyzed the adaptation of avian influenza viruses to a mammalian host by passaging

264 t insight into the potential for emerging H7 avian influenza viruses to acquire the ability to cause

265 The ability of avian influenza viruses to adapt to new host species is

266 been shown to play a role in the ability of avian influenza viruses to cross the species barrier, an

267 s use of the codon usage biases of human and avian influenza viruses to generate a human-derived infl

268 NAI resistance among specific NA subtypes of avian influenza viruses to help guide clinical managemen

269 Furthermore, regular transmission of avian influenza viruses to humans increases the risk of

270 between antigenic drift and the potential of avian influenza viruses to infect humans.

271 The pH of HA activation of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses was greater than human and low-p

272 In contrast, selected avian influenza viruses were able to escape IFITM3 restr

273 in ferrets, demonstrating that contemporary avian influenza viruses with 1918 virus-like proteins ma

274 humans, some (such as highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses) are capable of infecting humans

275 was greater than human and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses, as reported by others.

276 Avian influenza viruses, including H5N1 and H7N9, have b

277 We found that a subset of avian influenza viruses, including potentially pandemic

278 r zoonotic and pandemic emergence.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses, such as H9N2, cause disease in

279 virus was similar to Eurasian avian lineage avian influenza viruses, the virus had been circulating

280 omparing human seasonal influenza strains to avian influenza viruses, we provide greater insight into

281 mportant role in the evolutionary biology of avian influenza viruses-a manifestation of the "storage

282 ring therapeutic protection against human or avian influenza viruses.

283 with activity against highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses.

284 hanisms of the differential pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses.

285 ent barrier against zoonotic transmission of avian influenza viruses.

286 ection with both low- and high-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses.

287 ing of the species barrier compared to other avian influenza viruses.

288 so that it is similar to that observed from avian influenza viruses.

289 at human disease caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.

290 redict the pandemic potential of circulating avian influenza viruses.

291 the virus is a reassortant of H7N9 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses.

292 infections highlight the threat of emerging avian influenza viruses.

293 thought to potentiate antigenic diversity in avian influenza viruses.

294 clear distinction between human-adapted and avian influenza viruses.

295 ltry farms in northwest Iowa for exposure to avian influenza viruses.

296 s virus can also reassort with H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses.

297 the assessment of the pandemic potential of avian influenza viruses.

298 t commonly considered intermediate hosts for avian influenza viruses.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza virus

299 ters were estimated for high pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza, which agree with previous findings.

300 This compound binds to hemagglutinin H5 of avian influenza with a dissociation constant of K(D) = 4