ライフサイエンスコーパス: avian influenza virus

1 erity of both seasonal and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

2 ed by furin, a hallmark of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

3 esence of a PB2 gene segment derived from an avian influenza virus.

4 DCs in the pathogenesis of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

5 and ferrets higher than that in an authentic avian influenza virus.

6 its coding sequences are very like those of avian influenza virus.

7 the high mortality of human infected by H5N1 avian influenza virus.

8 uction of neutralizing Abs specific for H5N1 avian influenza virus.

9 rus, whatever its origin, is very similar to avian influenza virus.

10 tects ferrets against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.

11 lerable vaccine with broad immunogenicity to avian influenza virus.

12 vaccines may help promote protection against avian influenza virus.

13 ng the spread or outbreak of all variants of avian influenza virus.

14 ead of the neuraminidase protein of the H5N1 avian influenza virus.

15 well as therapeutic treatments of HPAI H7N7 avian influenza virus.

16 during human infection with pathogenic H7N7 avian influenza virus.

17 vaccine is urgently needed against the H7N9 avian influenza virus.

18 ring therapeutic protection against human or avian influenza viruses.

19 ection with both low- and high-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses.

20 ing of the species barrier compared to other avian influenza viruses.

21 so that it is similar to that observed from avian influenza viruses.

22 the virus is a reassortant of H7N9 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses.

23 infections highlight the threat of emerging avian influenza viruses.

24 n of the neuraminidase (NA) of H2N2 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses.

25 tained replication in humans attenuates H5N1 avian influenza viruses.

26 thought to potentiate antigenic diversity in avian influenza viruses.

27 minants that govern airborne transmission of avian influenza viruses.

28 velopment of pandemic influenza strains from avian influenza viruses.

29 time is posed by the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses.

30 at discriminate human influenza viruses from avian influenza viruses.

31 s creation through reassortment of human and avian influenza viruses.

32 A) conducts measures based on the ecology of avian influenza viruses.

33 dges were less susceptible to infection with avian influenza viruses.

34 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic and those of avian influenza viruses.

35 clear distinction between human-adapted and avian influenza viruses.

36 ltry farms in northwest Iowa for exposure to avian influenza viruses.

37 at human disease caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.

38 s virus can also reassort with H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses.

39 the assessment of the pandemic potential of avian influenza viruses.

40 redict the pandemic potential of circulating avian influenza viruses.

41 with activity against highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses.

42 hanisms of the differential pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses.

43 ent barrier against zoonotic transmission of avian influenza viruses.

44 s containing various combinations of Cal and avian influenza virus A/chicken/Nanchang/3-120/01 (H3N2)

45 Here, we characterize a low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus, A/chicken/Israel/810/2001 (H9N2)

46 ive mutations in the PB1 and PB2 genes of an avian influenza virus, A/Guinea Fowl/Hong Kong/WF10/99 (

47 mportant role in the evolutionary biology of avian influenza viruses-a manifestation of the "storage

48 Our data provide a glimpse into avian influenza virus adaptation in mammals, with broad

49 rase genes are known to play a major role in avian influenza virus adaptation to mammalian hosts.

50 Avian influenza virus (AIV) A/turkey/Oregon/71-SEPRL (TK

51 nd continuance today of a highly lethal H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) causing human disease has ra

52 r rapid, sensitive and specific detection of avian influenza virus (AIV) H5N1.

53 Vs in fruit bats and serological evidence of avian influenza virus (AIV) H9 infection in frugivorous

54 H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) has an extended host range,

55 ainst H7 (52%), H5 (55%) and H9 (6%) subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) in egg yolk samples, and 45%

56 help ensure the accuracy of the detection of avian influenza virus (AIV) RNA by reverse transcription

57 Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 attracts partic

58 Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 was first disco

59 RNA oligonucleotide sequences related to the avian influenza virus (AIV) type H5N1.

60 tion of oligonucleotide sequences related to avian influenza virus (AIV) type H5N1.

61 y nodes, we infer that the internal genes of avian influenza virus (AIV) underwent a global selective

62 An H7N3 avian influenza virus (AIV) was isolated from a Cinnamon

63 ratory birds in the ecology and evolution of avian influenza virus (AIV), there is a lack of informat

64 l determination of DNA sequence derived from Avian Influenza Virus (AIV), type H5N1.

65 which 84 were real-time RT-PCR positive for avian influenza virus (AIV).

66 fy an interaction between specific CHIRs and avian influenza virus (AIV).

67 sence of detectable antibodies in serum) for avian influenza viruses (AIV) among 4,485 birds, from 11

68 focus of surveillance activities monitoring avian influenza viruses (AIV) circulating in poultry.

69 Transmission of pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIV) from wild birds to domesti

70 d, quantitative, and label-free detection of avian influenza viruses (AIV) H5N1.

71 glycoproteins and internal gene segments of avian influenza viruses (AIV) sampled from wild birds.

72 virulence determinants for highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are considered multigenic

73 Novel reassortants of H7N9, H10N8, and H5N6 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are currently circulating

74 Several subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are emerging as novel hum

75 Our surveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) at Delaware Bay, USA, rev

76 Outbreaks of highly pathogenic strains of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) cause considerable econom

77 The spread of H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) from China to Europe has

78 TANCE The frequency of human infections with avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has increased in recent y

79 Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been pivotal to the

80 ce a neutralizing antibody (NAb) response to avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in rhesus macaques.

81 the transmission dynamics and persistence of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in the wild is an importa

82 Phylogenetic analysis of these two novel avian influenza viruses (AIVs) suggested that their geno

83 he best way to predict and identify emerging avian influenza viruses (AIVs) that pose a potential thr

84 of the hemaglutinin and neuramidase genes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) to identify sequences tha

85 Due to the recent concern about pandemic avian influenza virus and because CD4 T cells specific f

86 ential for reassortment of H1N1 viruses with avian influenza virus and emphasize the need for continu

87 zed human sera against the tl/TX/079/07 H3N8 avian influenza virus and observed low but detectable an

88 to primary challenge with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus and onward transmission dynamics w

89 protection in mice against clade 0, 1, and 2 avian influenza viruses and also protected against seaso

90 ccines (pLAIV) representing four subtypes of avian influenza viruses and found that pLAIVs replicate

91 fections may represent a portal of entry for avian influenza viruses and highlights the need to bette

92 response to the continuing evolution of H5N1 avian influenza viruses and human infections, new candid

93 We applied this method for H5N1 avian influenza viruses and identified 107 niches among

94 ever, the results clearly indicate that H9N2 avian influenza viruses and pH1N1 viruses, both of which

95 nn Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) could be transferred to avian influenza viruses and produce partially attenuated

96 early apoptosis of PAM limits the spread of avian influenza viruses and that PB1-F2 could play a con

97 nderscored by the emergence of virulent H5N1 avian influenza viruses and their transmission to humans

98 pandemic H1N1 virus, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus, and the recently emerged H7N9 str

99 Titers to avian influenza virus antigens increased with age and wi

100 thern Vietnam, we tested for antibodies to 5 avian influenza virus antigens, using a protein microarr

101 Human infections with avian influenza viruses are a serious public health conc

102 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses are associated with severe disea

103 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses are associated with severe disea

104 hosts for avian influenza viruses.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses are capable of crossing the spec

105 Low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses are controlled through vaccinati

106 A(H5N1) and A(H9N2) avian influenza viruses are enzootic in Egyptian poultry

107 H9N2 avian influenza viruses are enzootic in poultry across A

108 Although most avian influenza viruses are harmless for humans, some (s

109 ze to the mitochondria while PB2 proteins of avian influenza viruses are nonmitochondrial.

110 Emerging avian influenza viruses are of global concern because th

111 Avian influenza viruses are widespread in birds, contagi

112 evel resolution, since harmful agents (e.g., avian influenza virus) are grouped with other, relativel

113 humans, some (such as highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses) are capable of infecting humans

114 explanation for the loss of CpG motifs from avian influenza viruses as they adapt to mammalian hosts

115 etween antigenic drift and viral fitness for avian influenza viruses as well as the challenges of pre

116 was greater than human and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses, as reported by others.

117 virus differ from typical low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses at only a small number of amino

118 ed an egg-independent strategy to combat the avian influenza virus, because the virus is highly letha

119 A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza virus belonging to the H5 clade 2.3.4.4

120 etain fusion and attachment properties of an avian influenza virus but displayed robust growth and co

121 protection against an H7N7 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, but also complete immunity agains

122 are that a highly pathogenic strain of H7N1 avian influenza virus can be adapted to become capable o

123 uctive and virulent infection of humans with avian influenza viruses can occur.

124 We also demonstrated that avian influenza viruses carrying the PB1 and PB2 mutatio

125 Infection of naive ferrets with H5N1 avian influenza virus causes a rapid and lethal systemic

126 mologous vaccine against a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus challenge.

127 subclade protection against the heterologous avian influenza virus challenge.

128 of full genome sequences from low pathogenic avian influenza viruses circulating in Egypt, underscori

129 fluenza virus are of great interest, because avian influenza viruses circulating today pose the threa

130 Pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza viruses continue to represent a public h

131 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses continue to spread via waterfowl

132 dominated the 2009 flu season, and the H5N1 avian influenza virus continues to kill both people and

133 Most avian influenza viruses do not replicate efficiently in

134 suggest that the Eurasian H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 avian influenza virus emerged in late 2013 in China, spr

135 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses emerged in 1996 and have since e

136 However, information on avian influenza virus evolution and transmission during

137 In contrast, avian influenza viruses exclusively infected ciliated ce

138 these parameters among a panel of human and avian influenza viruses exhibiting diverse respiratory d

139 Monitoring the sequences of avian influenza viruses for genetic changes and diversit

140 Adaptation of avian influenza viruses for replication and transmission

141 s utility for monitoring the evolution of H9 avian influenza viruses from China between 2005 and 2015

142 Our results indicate that the H7N8 avian influenza viruses from Indiana are able to replica

143 ough mutation to which functional components avian influenza viruses gain the ability to grow efficie

144 Avian influenza viruses generally replicate at higher te

145 c analyses revealed the global prevalence of avian influenza virus genes whose proteins differ only a

146 ) against several NAs of wild-type human and avian influenza viruses (H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H7N9), al

147 Prototypic avian influenza viruses (H3N2, H9N2, and H5N1) and swine

148 ind typical N-linked glycans, in contrast to avian influenza virus H5 hemagglutinin, which binds less

149 t HA (short and long) from highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 and the anti-H5 HA monoclonal

150 ng contrast, immunization of humans with the avian influenza virus H5N1 induced broadly cross-reactiv

151 Finally, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 polymerase activity was teste

152 n infections caused by the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 strains emphasize an urgent n

153 Avian influenza virus H5N1, a serious worldwide threat t

154 emic strain, and hundreds of isolates of the avian influenza virus H5N1, which is causing an increasi

155 intranasal infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1 [A/Viet Nam/1203/2004]) in f

156 luding the entire Marek's disease virus, two avian influenza virus (H5N2 and H5N3), and 150 chicken m

157 Avian influenza virus H9N2 is prevalent in waterfowl and

158 hile M2 has previously been shown to protect avian influenza virus HA proteins of the H5 and H7 subty

159 protein has previously been shown to protect avian influenza virus HA proteins that contain a polybas

160 We showed that the H9N2 avian influenza viruses harboring 190V in the HA exhibit

161 of-function' experiments on high-consequence avian influenza viruses has highlighted the role of ferr

162 Avian influenza viruses have adapted to human hosts, cau

163 acid substitutions in highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have been shown to contribute to

164 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused outbreaks among poul

165 Notably, certain avian influenza viruses have evolved to escape this rest

166 se in southern China, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have posed a continuous threat t

167 infections caused by H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses have raised concern about the em

168 based on expressing the ectodomain of an H7 avian influenza virus hemagglutinin in a fusogenic and a

169 nuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) expressing avian influenza virus hemagglutinins (HAs) prime for str

170 by a human isolate of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) and 1918 pandemic influenza

171 way to prevent large-scale highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks in the human

172 The recent emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) strains in poultry and thei

173 H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) causes periodic outbreaks

174 experienced several recent highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) epizootics.

175 Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 can infect mammals vi

176 The ongoing outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in birds, the incidence of

177 Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 causes severe

178 on of the H5 HA of an H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV), A/Vietnam/1203/04 (VN1203

179 Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) induce severe inflammati

180 umans infected by the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) present unusually high c

181 High-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) evolve from low-pathoge

182 2.2 Eurasian-lineage H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) were first detected in

183 t commonly considered intermediate hosts for avian influenza viruses.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza virus

184 The recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in bird populations and the appear

185 t, efforts to control highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in poultry and in humans have fail

186 ction with highly pathogenic H5N1 strains of avian influenza virus in poultry in Asia, Africa, Europe

187 Maintenance of avian influenza virus in waterfowl populations requires

188 nfections in humans, as well as detection of avian influenza viruses in birds in the United States.

189 s of numerous outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in commercial poultry farms.

190 to the low activity of the RNA polymerase of avian influenza viruses in mammalian cells.

191 The restrictions to transmissibility of avian influenza viruses in mammals are multigenic, and o

192 e essential for the efficient replication of avian influenza viruses in mammals.

193 ow cocirculating with highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses in many parts of the world, rais

194 e and genetic diversity of H7N9, we surveyed avian influenza viruses in poultry in Jiangsu province w

195 gated serological profiles against human and avian influenza viruses in the general population using

196 estrict the emergence and perpetuation of HP avian influenza viruses in these natural reservoirs.

197 lls support transcription and replication of avian influenza viruses, in contrast to human cells, in

198 Avian influenza viruses, including H5N1 and H7N9, have b

199 We found that a subset of avian influenza viruses, including potentially pandemic

200 generation of vaccines for highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, including those of the H5N1 sub

201 Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection is characterized by a ma

202 he host cell surface in the initial stage of avian influenza virus infection.

203 tance of H9N2 viruses as the source of novel avian influenza virus infections in humans requires cont

204 se of the pathogenicity and low incidence of avian influenza virus infections in humans, the immune c

205 ary endothelial cells in the pathogenesis of avian influenza virus infections is largely unknown.

206 A novel avian influenza virus, influenza A(H7N9), emerged in Chi

207 about the introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses into humans and their potential

208 H9N2 avian influenza virus is a major cause of poultry produc

209 Specifically, the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus is a particular threat because it

210 Full length viral PB1-F2 present only in avian influenza viruses is a virulence factor that targe

211 The number of humans infected with avian influenza viruses is increasing, raising concerns

212 cate that the number of humans infected with avian influenza viruses is much larger than the number o

213 sence of an aspartic acid in over 95% of all avian influenza viruses is not, resulting in a clear dis

214 Previous avian influenza virus isolates have carried glutamic aci

215 cent large-scale genome sequence analysis of avian influenza virus isolates indicated that four C-ter

216 These results imply that when an avian influenza virus jumps the species barrier from bir

217 Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) proteins from avian influenza viruses like the 1918 pandemic NS1 are c

218 Vaccines against H7 avian influenza viruses may be more effective than HI an

219 Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses must acquire mutations to overco

220 nd Sw/Korea/C13/08 viruses were derived from avian influenza viruses of the Eurasian lineage.

221 Avian influenza viruses of the H5 and H7 hemagglutinin s

222 Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype continue to

223 Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype continue to

224 Since 1997, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype have been tr

225 Avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype pose a serio

226 Avian influenza viruses of the H7 hemagglutinin (HA) sub

227 r non-faradic impedimetric detection of AIV (avian influenza virus) oligonucleotides.

228 cause of death in people infected with H5N1 avian influenza virus or the SARS-coronavirus.

229 an population through in toto transfer of an avian influenza virus or through reassortment between av

230 viruses" are most closely related either to avian influenza virus or to human influenza virus strain

231 The internal genes were of swine, human, and avian influenza virus origin, similar to those of contem

232 on of human influenza virus strains, whereas avian influenza viruses overcome these restriction facto

233 that subvirion inactivated vaccines against avian influenza viruses, particularly H5N1, are poorly i

234 titution of human-origin PA subunits into an avian influenza virus polymerase alleviates restriction

235 in human cells, and mutations that adapt the avian influenza virus polymerase for human cells also in

236 e reassortment to restore the activity of an avian influenza virus polymerase that is normally impair

237 in avian cells enhances the activity of the avian influenza virus polymerase.

238 s, in contrast to human cells, in which most avian influenza virus polymerases display limited activi

239 Avian influenza virus polymerases function poorly in mam

240 we suggest, instead, that the restriction of avian influenza virus polymerases in human cells is the

241 The two typical avian influenza virus polymerases used in this study wer

242 Recurrent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus pose the threat of pandemic spread

243 Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses pose a continuing global threat.

244 Infection of chickens with avian influenza virus poses a global threat to both poul

245 The emergence of human-transmissible H5N1 avian influenza viruses poses a major pandemic threat.

246 y droplet transmission between ferrets of an avian influenza virus possessing an avian polymerase sub

247 It is thought that avian influenza viruses preferentially bind to N-acetyln

248 The hemagglutinins (HAs) of avian influenza viruses preferentially bind to sialic ac

249 ction for prepandemic vaccines.IMPORTANCE H7 avian influenza viruses present a serious risk to human

250 Avian influenza viruses rarely infect humans, but the re

251 Avian influenza virus reassortants resembling the 1918 h

252 Human and avian influenza viruses recognize different sialic acid-

253 the possible role of PAM in the mediation of avian influenza virus resistance, we compared the host e

254 easing, raising concerns of the emergence of avian influenza viruses resistant to neuraminidase (NA)

255 -linked sialic acids recognized by human and avian influenza viruses, respectively.

256 of influenza virus, including modern-looking avian influenza virus RNA sequences from an archival goo

257 number of viruses that infect lungs, such as avian influenza virus, SARS-associated coronavirus, and

258 nction (GOF) research with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome

259 nly 1918 PB2 impacts the pathogenicity of an avian influenza virus sharing high homology to the 1918

260 uenza virus strain, a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus strain, and a recently emerging H7

261 Influenza A(H5N1) virus and other avian influenza virus strains represent major pandemic t

262 experimental evidence that highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5 can acquire the ability

263 to sustain circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 (HPAIV H5N1).

264 Avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 is a potential pandem

265 Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 is endemic in Asia, w

266 pandemic, and it is prudent to include other avian influenza virus subtypes in pandemic preparedness

267 H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza virus subtypes top the World Health Orga

268 pendent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against avian influenza virus subtypes, including H7N9 and H5N1,

269 One likely scenario for an avian influenza virus, such as A/H5N1, to evolve to one

270 r zoonotic and pandemic emergence.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses, such as H9N2, cause disease in

271 Because pigs are more readily infected with avian influenza viruses than humans, it would seem that

272 reverse genetics, we constructed a chimeric avian influenza virus that expressed the ectodomain of t

273 the acquisition of the NS segment of an H5N1 avian influenza virus that had previously been overlooke

274 The zoonotic outbreak of H7N9 subtype avian influenza virus that occurred in eastern China in

275 Avian influenza viruses that cause infection and are tra

276 ows H7N9 and H5N1 as the latest in a line of avian influenza viruses that cause serious disease in hu

277 Two studies of H5N1 avian influenza viruses that had been genetically engine

278 d as a reservoir of internal genes for other avian influenza viruses that infect humans, and several

279 virus was similar to Eurasian avian lineage avian influenza viruses, the virus had been circulating

280 ution PB2-A588V may be a new strategy for an avian influenza virus to adapt mammalian hosts.

281 pecific amino acid mutations required for an avian influenza virus to function in humans are unknown.

282 use in the event of transmission of an H3N8 avian influenza virus to humans.

283 We analyzed the adaptation of avian influenza viruses to a mammalian host by passaging

284 t insight into the potential for emerging H7 avian influenza viruses to acquire the ability to cause

285 The ability of avian influenza viruses to adapt to new host species is

286 been shown to play a role in the ability of avian influenza viruses to cross the species barrier, an

287 s use of the codon usage biases of human and avian influenza viruses to generate a human-derived infl

288 NAI resistance among specific NA subtypes of avian influenza viruses to help guide clinical managemen

289 Furthermore, regular transmission of avian influenza viruses to humans increases the risk of

290 between antigenic drift and the potential of avian influenza viruses to infect humans.

291 for HA conformational change, may facilitate avian influenza virus transmission via respiratory dropl

292 ild birds were sampled and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was detected in 1.3% (n = 63).

293 14, a Eurasian strain H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was detected in poultry in Canada.

294 The pH of HA activation of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses was greater than human and low-p

295 omparing human seasonal influenza strains to avian influenza viruses, we provide greater insight into

296 In contrast, selected avian influenza viruses were able to escape IFITM3 restr

297 ESEV is the consensus PBM sequence of avian influenza viruses, while RSKV is the consensus seq

298 e to predict with certainty which subtype of avian influenza virus will cause the next pandemic, and

299 in ferrets, demonstrating that contemporary avian influenza viruses with 1918 virus-like proteins ma

300 These findings demonstrate that avian influenza viruses within H7 and H5 subtypes are ca