ライフサイエンスコーパス: avirulent

1 velope and temporarily renders the bacterium avirulent.

2 exhibit increased pathogenicity and remained avirulent.

3 Double mutants were avirulent.

4 nd that a strain producing toxin A alone was avirulent.

5 CGD, strain CGD1 was virulent while Env1 was avirulent.

6 se model, while TrR strains lack CPS and are avirulent.

7 lysomes of mammalian host macrophages and is avirulent.

8 wth as amastigotes, Deltalit1 parasites were avirulent.

9 a, rarely enters the brain, and generally is avirulent.

10 culation, while monomicrobial infections are avirulent.

11 esponses, while monomicrobial infections are avirulent.

12 dicated that biofilm-derived pneumococci are avirulent.

13 city tests showed that Ban/AF was completely avirulent.

14 /-)) showed prolonged colonization with both avirulent (23F) and virulent (6A) pneumococcal serotypes

15 t B. pseudomallei compared to the relatively avirulent, acapsular B. thailandensis using in vitro ana

16 The vaccine candidates were avirulent after inoculation of adult mice, and viruses w

17 t the absence of LDH renders the pneumococci avirulent after intravenous infection and leads to a sig

18 Modified Y. pestis was completely avirulent after subcutaneous infection even at high chal

19 e acquisition of the virulence plasmid by an avirulent ancestor of R. equi, coevolution between the p

20 ntified P30 gliding motility mutant II-3R is avirulent and also cannot be recovered from the lungs of

21 This mutant was determined to be avirulent and cannot survive in the lungs of BALB/c mice

22 ee-week-old piglets showed that A2MC2-P90 is avirulent and elicits immune response.

23 Mutants lacking V-ATPase activity are avirulent and fail to acidify endomembrane compartments,

24 virion host shutoff function (Deltavhs) are avirulent and hypersensitive to type I and type II inter

25 cisella tularensis subsp. tularensis Schu S4 avirulent and incapable of intracellular replication, ow

26 mutant has wild-type responses to virulent, avirulent and non-pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas syri

27 It is generally considered avirulent and previously has been reported to occur only

28 luminescent than P-form cells; they are also avirulent and produce fewer secondary metabolites.

29 succinate to fumarate renders it completely avirulent and protective against subsequent oral infecti

30 e to both oxaloacetate and pyruvate are also avirulent and protective in BALB/c mice.

31 tant lacking glucosylceramide (Deltagcs1) is avirulent and unable to reach the brain when it is admin

32 which carries the Rpp3 resistance gene, with avirulent and virulent isolates of P. pachyrhizi.

33 mains of PknB in the context of viability in avirulent and virulent mycobacteria.

34 and leukocyte recruitment in the context of avirulent and virulent Semliki Forest virus (SFV) as wel

35 To select Salmonella strains that are avirulent and yet efficient in tumor targeting, a necess

36 Phase II lacks an LPS O side chain, is avirulent, and does not grow well in immunocompetent ani

37 rotropic NDV strain Beaudette C (BC) and the avirulent APMV-2 strain Yucaipa.

38 The mutants appeared avirulent, as all mice survived infection with 10(8) CFU

39 A double mutant, lig4/lig4/rad52/rad52, was avirulent at all inocula used.

40 d from Arabidopsis leaves inoculated with an avirulent (Avr) Pseudomonas syringae strain promote resi

41 ly expressed between S. maltophilia JCMS and avirulent bacteria (Escherichia coli OP50).

42 mes of plants exposed to bacterial pathogen, avirulent bacteria, or salicylic acid (SA) hormone revea

43 gfs12 bchb-1 mutants, which showed elevated avirulent bacterial growth.

44 ide, which is transiently accumulated during avirulent bacterial infection and constitutively accumul

45 by an altered hypersensitive response to an avirulent bacterial pathogen in the bap1 loss-of-functio

46 Interestingly, infection of plants with the avirulent bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tom

47 d the transcriptional changes induced by the avirulent bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tom

48 lters transcriptional changes induced by the avirulent bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. to

49 se genes and resistance against virulent and avirulent bacterial pathogens.

50 positive mediators of resistance against an avirulent biotype of Hyaloperonospora parasitica.

51 only in the infected tissues in response to avirulent, but not virulent pathotypes.

52 es, including the virulent Bvg(+) phase, the avirulent Bvg(-) phase, and at least one Bvg-intermediat

53 cell-surface plasminogen activator, which is avirulent by intradermal or s.c. injection, was able to

54 The mutant was avirulent by needle inoculation and showed decreased sur

55 to induce OM stress, renders S. Typhimurium avirulent by triggering a c-di-GMP-dependent signaling p

56 hage (hAM) infection in vitro and found that avirulent C. burnetii triggers sustained interleukin-1be

57 ng a highly virulent wild-type strain and an avirulent capsular polysaccharide mutant.

58 e the cause of competitive suppression of an avirulent clone of Plasmodium chabaudi (AS) by a virulen

59 ompetitive interactions between virulent and avirulent clones.

60 us faecium recently evolved from a generally avirulent commensal into a multidrug-resistant health ca

61 induce a protective immune response but was avirulent compared to its wild-type parent strain.

62 more quickly and strongly in response to the avirulent compared with the virulent strains of Pseudomo

63 Salmonella enterica and avirulent derivatives prefer solid tumors over normal ti

64 ty, autophagy, endocytosis, and secretion of avirulent effector.

65 In vitro, urinary catheter colonization by avirulent Escherichia coli 83972 impedes subsequent cath

66 n, the DeltapurM mutants Bp82 and Bp190 were avirulent even when they were administered at doses 4 lo

67 CJ2-gD2 is avirulent following intracerebral injection and cannot e

68 It was demonstrated that CJ9-gD is avirulent following intracerebral inoculation in mice, c

69 zing monoclonal antibody rendered the strain avirulent for causing intestinal pathology.

70 The Delta105-125 virus was avirulent for human skin in vivo.

71 in response to Pseudomonas syringae carrying avirulent gene avrRpt2, and that self-processing of AtMC

72 1 inhibition when it was introduced into the avirulent Girdwood background.

73 sequence in nsP3 [positions 386 to 403]) but avirulent Girdwood strain.

74 Infection of macrophages with the avirulent H37Ra triggers production of high levels of th

75 concept in the generation of immunogenic but avirulent, herpesvirus vaccines.

76 Behavioral studies revealed that avirulent Hessian fly larvae on resistant plants exhibit

77 plant reaction that prevents the survival of avirulent HF larvae.

78 rovar Typhimurium SR-11 but does not make it avirulent; however, blocking conversion of succinate to

79 ibit elevated susceptibility to virulent and avirulent Hpa, as well as decreased callose deposition i

80 , BALB/c mice were ocularly infected with an avirulent HSV-1 strain (RE) after corneal scarification.

81 nts from mice latently infected with (i) the avirulent HSV-1 strain RE following corneal scarificatio

82 eviously shown that mixed infection with two avirulent HSV-1 strains (OD4 and CJ994) results in recom

83 unopathology during murine vaginitis to this avirulent hypofilamentous strain.

84 Finally, relatively avirulent (hypovirulent) strains were nonlethal at 20-fo

85 R. rickettsii Iowa is avirulent in a guinea pig model of infection and display

86 st to Sterne, the BaDeltaSET B. anthracis is avirulent in a lethal murine bacteremia model of infecti

87 Finally, DeltaschA was avirulent in a low dose murine infection model.

88 These strains were avirulent in a mouse infection model.

89 o environmental and chemical stress and were avirulent in a mouse inhalation model of infection.

90 The vma1::HPH mutant was avirulent in a mouse model of histoplasmosis, whereas th

91 hat deletion of asp f3 rendered A. fumigatus avirulent in a mouse model of pulmonary aspergillosis.

92 reased phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and is avirulent in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis.

93 pression, a B. anthracis atxA-null mutant is avirulent in a murine model for anthrax.

94 ibility to triazole antifungal drugs, and is avirulent in a murine model of invasive pulmonary asperg

95 , and deletion of both genes rendered spores avirulent in A/J mice.

96 liki Forest virus (SFV; genus Alphavirus) is avirulent in adult mice, while the L10 strain is virulen

97 ure (37 degrees C) and rendered the bacteria avirulent in an animal infection model.

98 Furthermore, the mutants are avirulent in an invasive murine model, and unable to adh

99 activate or damage epithelial cells and are avirulent in animal models of mucosal infection.

100 11 DeltafrdABCD DeltasdhCDA double mutant is avirulent in BALB/c mice and protective against subseque

101 The Deltaasd mutant was found to be avirulent in BALB/c mice, and mice vaccinated with the m

102 ed when a tps1 mutant strain was found to be avirulent in both rabbits and mice.

103 hickens, they all were highly restricted and avirulent in both species.

104 y, the membrane nitrate reductase mutant was avirulent in C. elegans, while nitrate sensor-response r

105 APMV-7 is avirulent in chickens and is limited in tropism to the u

106 In contrast, APMV-2 is avirulent in chickens.

107 it does not form syncytia, and the virus is avirulent in chickens.

108 S gene cluster resulted in strains that were avirulent in hamsters.

109 d exhibits high virulence in mice, but it is avirulent in healthy humans.

110 que-phenotype virus, DeltagI virus, which is avirulent in human skin using the xenograft model of VZV

111 Integration of IL-15 renders Wyeth vaccinia avirulent in immunodeficient mice and enhances anti-vacc

112 ts, while a low-passaged strain (P2) remains avirulent in infected animals.

113 the secretion of virulence determinants, and avirulent in infection models.

114 Loss of pVAPN rendered R. equi avirulent in macrophages and mice.

115 KBMA B. anthracis vaccines were avirulent in mice and induced less injection site inflam

116 We found that a vgrG-5 DeltaCTD mutant is avirulent in mice and is unable to stimulate the fusion

117 Ft.LVS::Deltawzy was avirulent in mice and, despite expressing only 1 repeati

118 quired 2'-deoxycoformycin for growth and was avirulent in mice with no persistence after a 4-week inf

119 ficient parasites proliferate slowly and are avirulent in mice.

120 ed in replication within macrophages and are avirulent in mouse models of tularemia.

121 B. cereus G9241 was avirulent in New Zealand rabbits after subcutaneous inoc

122 Consequently, DeltavisP is avirulent in systemic murine infections, where VisP acts

123 red the highly virulent type C strain CN3685 avirulent in the intragastric model and nearly nonlethal

124 line in their cell wall, and were completely avirulent in the mouse intraperitoneal model.

125 represses the P(MET3) promoter), and it was avirulent in the mouse model of systemic candidiasis.

126 deficient for intramacrophage growth, and is avirulent in the mouse model.

127 pe II capsular polysaccharide were virtually avirulent in the murine sepsis model, in sharp contrast

128 This strain was also avirulent in the Syrian hamster challenge model.

129 efg1/efg1 cph1/cph1 double mutant was almost avirulent in Tl mutant flies.

130 th conditions, the orlA mutant was virtually avirulent in two distinct murine models of invasive pulm

131 A strain deficient for SSO1327 is avirulent in vivo, but still elicits a host immune respo

132 ia rickettsii, the virulent R strain and the avirulent Iowa strain.

133 The avirulent isolate Hawaii 94-1 elicits hypersensitive cel

134 th beta-amino-butyric acid (BABA) or with an avirulent isolate of the bacteria Pseudomonas syringae p

135 tor protein, designated AsES, produced by an avirulent isolate of the strawberry pathogen Acremonium

136 Avirulent isolates carry the Avr3a allele, which encodes

137 Insertional mutagenesis generated avirulent isolates of A. baumannii and verified that six

138 major variance detected between virulent and avirulent isolates, implicating its role in attenuation.

139 Mice were infected with virulent (McKrae) or avirulent (KOS and RE) strains of HSV-1, and virus titer

140 almonella pathogenic strain 14028 but not in avirulent laboratory strain LT2.

141 We show that DEP and H37Ra, an avirulent laboratory strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosi

142 tes, as revealed by immunodetection, but the avirulent larvae were deterred from feeding and consumed

143 neage I strains, which differ from typically avirulent lineage II strains.

144 ent study, mice were vaccinated with a novel avirulent, live attenuated virus (0DeltaNLS) or an adjuv

145 genomic sequence has been determined is the avirulent LT2 strain, which is extensively used in genet

146 red, and RPE and THP-1 cells were exposed to avirulent M tuberculosis H37Ra.

147 entially used by virulent mycobacteria since avirulent M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) fails

148 Here, we purified LM from the avirulent M. smegmatis and the virulent M. tuberculosis

149 -terminal PASTA domain is dispensable in the avirulent M. smegmatis, all four PASTA domains are essen

150 od transcriptomics profiling of virulent and avirulent malaria shows the validity of this approach to

151 system to discriminate between virulent and avirulent microbes.

152 f "RRQKR downward arrowF" was modified to an avirulent motif "GRQGR downward arrowL" by three amino a

153 at in macrophages (Mvarphis), infection with avirulent Mtb H37Ra resulted in inhibition of necrosis b

154 rather than host specific, populations of an avirulent mutant cycled with seasons similarly to the wi

155 One of the 39 avirulent mutants is disrupted in a divergent ortholog o

156 ssion can protect clonal populations against avirulent mutants that exploit and subvert the division

157 these findings demonstrate that virulent and avirulent mycobacteria employ distinct pathways for regu

158 ling events differ in virulent compared with avirulent mycobacteria.

159 LM from virulent M.tb (TB-LM), but not from avirulent Myocobacterium smegmatis (SmegLM), is a potent

160 genes were exchanged individually between an avirulent NDV strain, LaSota, and an intermediate virule

161 However, it remains unknown if avirulent Nine Mile phase II (NMII) can infect and repli

162 lent C. burnetii Nine Mile phase I (NMI) and avirulent Nine Mile phase II (NMII) were able to infect

163 how this goal can be addressed using cps, an avirulent, nonreplicating uracil auxotroph strain of the

164 The avirulent nonreverting DeltaOMPDC and DeltaOMPDC DeltaUP

165 xoplasma gondii KU80 knockouts to develop an avirulent nonreverting pyrimidine auxotroph strain.

166 The DeltatatC strain was almost completely avirulent on Arabidopsis seedlings and was delayed in at

167 ns, including Schu S4, while it is absent in avirulent or less virulent strains.

168 ivation in TG of mice latently infected with avirulent or virulent HSV-1.

169 and rapid growth of both itself and normally avirulent organisms.

170 ineered to express Escherichia coli LpxL are avirulent owing to constitutive production of lipopolysa

171 ons, resistance protein-mediated response to avirulent P. sojae strains may function in an SA-indepen

172 elevation of cytosolic calcium triggered by avirulent P. syringae was compromised in crt1-2 crh1-1 p

173 developed the molecular clones for both the avirulent P2 and virulent P18 viruses.

174 Comparative sequence analysis of the avirulent P2 strain of PICV and the virulent P18 strain

175 a(2)m(-/-)), or WT mice to infection with an avirulent parasite strain.

176 F1 progeny were recovered from selfing of an avirulent parent, suggesting a reservoir of cryptic alle

177 report here that activation of cell death by avirulent pathogen or UV treatment induces expression of

178 These plants were less resistant to the avirulent pathogen potato virus Y and the virulent patho

179 Reovirus is an avirulent pathogen that elicits protective immunity, but

180 aired the hypersensitive response (HR) to an avirulent pathogen.

181 ollowing PAMP treatment or infection with an avirulent pathogen.

182 t innate immune response phenotypes (HR and [avirulent] pathogen-induced NO elevation in leaves) are

183 earlier and to a higher level in response to avirulent pathogens compared to virulent pathogens.

184 tized toward a subsequent pathogen attack by avirulent pathogens or by chemicals such as beta-aminobu

185 ulfment by neutrophils, while phenotypically avirulent pathogens remained in the intestinal lumen and

186 induced after infection of both virulent and avirulent pathogens similarly to the other negative defe

187 athogen resistance against both virulent and avirulent pathogens, and elevated accumulation of salicy

188 and are necessary for the immune response to avirulent pathogens.

189 initiate the hypersensitive response (HR) to avirulent pathogens.

190 interactions involving resistant plants and avirulent pest arthropods are mediated by constitutively

191 siveness of PV harboring virulent phase I or avirulent phase II C. burnetii variants in human mononuc

192 A lysine at E2 247 conferred a small-plaque avirulent phenotype and glutamic acid a large-plaque vir

193 IFN in vitro, and demonstrated a completely avirulent phenotype in wild-type mice.

194 deficient SCID mice, it could not rescue the avirulent phenotype of the rrp2 mutant.

195 pathoadaptation or the within-host spread of avirulent phenotypes.

196 tively dispersed bacteria were compared with avirulent planktonic bacteria.

197 analyzed the genetic differences between an avirulent plant isolate and a pathogenic strain causing

198 n prevent transformation of nonencapsulated, avirulent pneumococci into capsulated, virulent strains

199 vasion, can induce axenic differentiation of avirulent promastigotes into virulent amastigotes.

200 homolog, displayed compromised resistance to avirulent Pseudomonas syringae and Hyaloperonospora arab

201 ts exhibiting enhanced susceptibility to the avirulent Pseudomonas syringae pathogen DC3000 (avrPphB)

202 DP-Rib polymer increase after infection with avirulent Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 avrRpt2(

203 mpromised in resistance to both virulent and avirulent Pseudomonas syringae strains.

204 gulated during infection of Arabidopsis with avirulent Pseudomonas syringae.

205 st DC3000 infection, but contributes less to avirulent Pst DC3000 (avrRpt2)-induced PA production.

206 as more profound in virulent Pst DC3000 than avirulent Pst DC3000 (carrying the avirulence gene avrRp

207 susceptibility to virulent (Pst DC3000) and avirulent (Pst DC3000 AvrRPM1) P. syringae strains, cons

208 ii Morgan and R strains were compared to the avirulent R. rickettsii Iowa and virulent R. rickettsii

209 in developing potential therapeutics and an avirulent rabies vaccine.

210 b3 gene are compromised in resistance to the avirulent race of X. oryzae pv oryzae.

211 ith jasmonic acid, abscisic acid or with the avirulent race, CYR23, of the stripe rust pathogen Pucci

212 ed leaves, and haustoria in the investigated avirulent races.

213 used, KOS (wild type [WT]), and Deltavhs, an avirulent recombinant lacking the virion host shutoff (v

214 e-chase experiments revealed that A774wt and avirulent recombinant virus were characterized by increa

215 boratory mice, while Sindbis virus (SINV) is avirulent regardless of dose or inoculation route, depen

216 pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its avirulent relative Mycobacterium smegmatis.

217 pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its avirulent relative Mycobacterium smegmatis.

218 genes containing segments from virulent and avirulent retroviruses.

219 matography of proteins from the ungerminated avirulent rust spores led to the purification and identi

220 e also tested a metabolically competent, but avirulent, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium mutan

221 evolution of a pathogenic bacterium from an avirulent saprophyte.

222 p IIIA consists of typical rhamnose-positive avirulent serotype 4a and virulent serotype 4c strains,

223 a venom factor (CoVF) rendered two otherwise avirulent siaB mutants fully virulent and able to cause

224 eriment, the molecularly cloned genome of an avirulent SMV strain was converted to virulent variants

225 The avirulent South American strain was also sensitive to hu

226 of a virulent North American strain and the avirulent South American strain were constructed.

227 pseudomallei and the closely related nearly avirulent species Burkholderia thailandensis to predatio

228 or antibiotic resistance genes and immunizes avirulent staphylococci to prevent the spread of plasmid

229 get virulence genes, kills virulent, but not avirulent, Staphylococcus aureus.

230 Avirulent stocks of Leishmania not expressing surface gp

231 ur virulent Y. pestis strains with the human-avirulent strain 91001 provides further insight into the

232 tion of a pathogenic variant of CVB3 from an avirulent strain and introduces a host-virus paradigm fo

233 of a naturally occurring virulent strain, an avirulent strain can be functionally converted to a viru

234 e trimethylated lysine residues, whereas the avirulent strain contains mainly monomethyllysine.

235 lent RRV strain T48 with that from the mouse-avirulent strain DC5692 generated a virus that was atten

236 formans and a cap59 gene-disrupted acapsular avirulent strain derived from the same genetic backgroun

237 he Type I ROP-18 virulence determinant in an avirulent strain did not confer the evasive phenotype.

238 ite that are nonconserved between BC and the avirulent strain LaSota.

239 Furthermore, OmpB from the avirulent strain Madrid E contains mostly monomethyllysi

240 inine methyl ester was coinoculated with the avirulent strain of P. syringae pv phaseolicola into tob

241 We transformed an avirulent strain of Parastagonospora nodorum as well as

242 plants were slightly more susceptible to an avirulent strain of Pseudomonas syringae and showed a de

243 roducing nadC lines are more resistant to an avirulent strain of Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst-

244 n (D27-pLpxL) and demonstrate here that this avirulent strain retains the capacity to prime protectiv

245 In contrast, the level of killing of each avirulent strain under the same conditions was significa

246 in KPNA1 reduction, whereas infection by an avirulent strain, Ingelvac PRRS modified live virus (MLV

247 M. tuberculosis H37Ra (TBa), an avirulent strain, is used as a surrogate for virulent tu

248 virulence of R. rickettsii, the genome of an avirulent strain, R. rickettsii Iowa, was sequenced and

249 tivating macrophages than were those from an avirulent strain, suggesting a role in disease.

250 nt strain with that of a naturally occurring avirulent strain.

251 ructural detail of the LMs from virulent and avirulent strains is limited as is knowledge regarding t

252 mutational studies have been performed with avirulent strains of Francisella, relatively little has

253 synthesis of IFN-beta is markedly induced by avirulent strains of Gram-negative bacteria, Yersinia an

254 The time to explant reactivation of avirulent strains of HSV-1 was similar to that of the vi

255 Our results suggest that the avirulent strains of HSV-1, even after corneal scarifica

256 he onset of sepsis by i.v. administration of avirulent strains of Listeria monocytogenes and Escheric

257 paramyxoviruses, including neurovirulent and avirulent strains of NDV.

258 thaliana), local infection with virulent or avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato gene

259 severe disease symptoms when inoculated with avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato, alt

260 y, compared to the wild-type plants, against avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3

261 but showed normal responses to virulent and avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato.

262 st infection of non-pathogenic, virulent and avirulent strains of Pst.

263 The PTVI pathway is preferentially used by avirulent strains of T. gondii and confers an infectious

264 ana is hypersusceptible to both virulent and avirulent strains of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas

265 ed susceptibility to TMV and to virulent and avirulent strains of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas

266 Inoculation with virulent and avirulent strains of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas

267 Although infections with either virulent or avirulent strains of the pathogens increase SA concentra

268 d EDS1 signal effector-triggered immunity to avirulent strains of these pathogens.

269 Avirulent strains that induced programmed cell death (PC

270 genetic alterations incurred in virulent and avirulent strains, as well as the sequence changes accum

271 usceptibility of representative virulent and avirulent strains.

272 from meat were clustered with those of mouse-avirulent strains.

273 determinant differentiating virulent versus avirulent strains.

274 y of G. vaginalis may result in virulent and avirulent strains.

275 roteins) responsible for mouse resistance to avirulent strains.

276 o phenotypically virulent and phenotypically avirulent subpopulations.

277 lular acidification of Salmonella renders it avirulent, suggesting that acid stress pathways represen

278 e, whereas the combined gra7rop18 mutant was avirulent, suggesting these proteins act together in the

279 i.p. vaccination of MyD88(-/-) mice with an avirulent T. gondii uracil auxotroph elicited robust IFN

280 , while the H7N8 LPAI virus largely remained avirulent, the H7N8 HPAI virus exhibited greater infecti

281 als is highly strain dependent, ranging from avirulent to highly neuropathogenic.

282 tte at the 5' region of iipA, was completely avirulent to zebra fish.

283 (Op) colonies that show "phase variation" to avirulent translucent (Tr) phenotypes with reduced CPS.

284 uences at the cleavage site with those of an avirulent type of HA (M2del11-HAavir virus).

285 train Schu S4 differ from those of the human avirulent U112.

286 inical isolate, and laboratory strain R6, an avirulent, unencapsulated derivative of strain D39.

287 A live, nonreplicating avirulent uracil auxotroph vaccine strain (cps) of Toxop

288 On inoculation with avirulent urediniospores, it is phosphorylated in vivo w

289 rAMPV3 represents an avirulent vaccine vector that can be used against NDV an

290 This mutation allowed an enzootic, equine-avirulent VEEV strain, which circulates among rodents in

291 hesize the siderophore were both essentially avirulent via subcutaneous injection (bubonic plague mod

292 These avirulent viral variants acquire positively charged amin

293 mparative genomics between a virulent and an avirulent virus strain and construct chimeras to map the

294 rthern Spain, as well as a third, relatively avirulent virus.

295 and were induced only by neurovirulent, not avirulent, virus infection.

296 organs of the infected animals, whereas the avirulent viruses were effectively controlled and cleare

297 t L. lactis strain (lacks SpyCEP), which was avirulent when administered intramuscularly, infection w

298 Since a cpxA mutant is avirulent while a cpxR mutant is fully virulent in human

299 restriction by analyzing the replication of avirulent (WNV-MAD78) and highly virulent (WNV-NY) strai

300 promised in their resistance to the normally avirulent Xoo Philippine race 6.