ライフサイエンスコーパス: axonal branch

1 communicate with multiple targets by forming axonal branches.

2 n of main axons but induced the formation of axonal branches.

3 but consistent with AP conduction failure at axonal branches.

4 affecting the formation or stabilization of axonal branches.

5 on of neuromuscular junctions and pruning of axonal branches.

6 oss of local F-actin, synaptic material, and axonal branches.

7 of TG neurons grow longer and more elaborate axonal branches.

8 with different target cells through multiple axonal branches.

9 king, and there was no evidence of extensive axonal branching.

10 s, suggesting that endogenous Nogo-A induces axonal branching.

11 enhanced their axon growth rate and induced axonal branching.

12 ed member of the Spry family plays a role in axonal branching.

13 neurons, ectopic NgR1 inhibits FGF2-elicited axonal branching.

14 as they formed new synaptic varicosities and axonal branches after applications of serotonin that cau

15 Axonal branching allows a neuron to connect to several t

16 with BDNF produced significant increases in axonal branch and basal dendrite number relative to NGF

17 reveal that HuD is also necessary for motor axonal branch and dendrite formation.

18 r data suggest that structural plasticity of axonal branches and boutons contributes to the remodelin

19 However, axonal branches and boutons displayed cell type-specific

20 al filopodia, which emerge from the shaft of axonal branches and contain small synaptic vesicle clust

21 otor axons fail to form the normal extent of axonal branches and dendrites leading to decreased motor

22 D in motoneurons in vivo during formation of axonal branches and dendrites.

23 GDNF injected animals had significantly more axonal branches and exhibited a high degree of localized

24 nly BDNF caused an increase in the number of axonal branches and in the total length of the axons of

25 ojections emerge by elimination of exuberant axonal branches and suggest that they may use activity-d

26 tic NMDAR activation in the stabilization of axonal branches and suppression of further exploratory b

27 aphic precision as evident by the paucity of axonal branches and the low number of grossly misproject

28 ceptor or other extracellular cues to induce axonal branching and axon misrouting.

29 formation impairs the process of basket cell axonal branching and bouton formation.

30 eveals that Pten(+/-) mice exhibit increased axonal branching and connectivity, which is accompanied

31 structural changes in connectivity including axonal branching and dendritic growth.

32 Depleting kinesin-12 decreases axonal branching and growth cone size, whereas inhibitin

33 key downstream effector of NGF in mediating axonal branching and growth in developing sympathetic ne

34 ealed that it is necessary for NGF-dependent axonal branching and growth, but not survival, in vitro.

35 dentify a signaling mechanism that regulates axonal branching and provide a framework for studying th

36 Axonal branching and synapse formation are tightly linke

37 us, FAK functions as a negative regulator of axonal branching and synapse formation, and it seems to

38 scopy, we show profound refinements in motor axonal branching and synaptic connectivity before and af

39 Axonal branching and terminal arborization are fundament

40 required during neuronal differentiation for axonal branching and terminal innervation in spinal moto

41 time-course of development of corticospinal axonal branching and varicosity density within the cervi

42 duces the extra innervation by regulation of axonal branching and/or synaptic maintenance.

43 e is a large increase in the total number of axonal branches, and axons continue to increase in compl

44 on, dendritic morphological characteristics, axonal branching, and synapse formation.

45 mation from the soma, dendritic elaboration, axonal branching, and synaptogenesis.

46 zebrafish motor axons reveals that the first axonal branches are generated at the ventral extent of t

47 extracellular signals into the formation of axonal branches are incompletely understood.

48 ebris, is synapse elimination, in which many axonal branches are pruned.

49 e (i.e. energy consumption rate) of cortical axonal branches as a function of spatial volume exhibits

50 howed primary motor axons extending aberrant axonal branches at the choice point in approximately 40%

51 activity, dendrite number, axonal length and axonal branching, but caspase inhibition did not restore

52 The pattern of axonal branching by the separate inhibitory axons in pha

53 nto one motor neuron, we found that a single axonal branch can undergo long-term branch-specific faci

54 t targeting of a guidance factor to specific axonal branches can confer differential responsiveness t

55 al energy cost can vary greatly depending on axonal branching complexity, ion channel density distrib

56 The propagating spikes in some axonal branches consistently reversed direction at certa

57 Axonal branching contributes substantially to neuronal c

58 strally or caudally, and in some neurons one axonal branch could be followed caudally, and another ro

59 Axonal branches could be detected in several amygdala nu

60 ous system (CNS) requires precise control of axonal branch development and stabilization.

61 n that during the course of the disease some axonal branches die back.

62 slow component b (SCb) is increased in both axonal branches does not support the generally accepted

63 y may be of general importance in regulating axonal branching during brain wiring.

64 ostrocentral axons, went through substantial axonal branch elimination after P15.

65 Nascent axonal branches exhibited short average lifetimes of 19

66 We report here the pattern of axonal branching for 11 descending cell types in the lar

67 y, these results indicate that bFGF enhances axonal branch formation by augmenting the severing of mi

68 essary component for both synaptogenesis and axonal branch formation, directly regulate subcellular a

69 microtubule severing is orchestrated during axonal branch formation, one based on the local concentr

70 hese two proteins participate differently in axonal branch formation.

71 Axonal branches frequently retracted or extended on a ti

72 of transmission strength was observed along axonal branches, from weak proximal connections to stron

73 Axonal branching, however, is a unicellular process that

74 the long-term multisite recording from pure axonal branches in a microscopy-compatible environment.

75 mutant neurons also form greater numbers of axonal branches in culture because they have increased b

76 , there were approximately ten times as many axonal branches in layer 4 as in layer 5.

77 After P18 the number of incorrect axonal branches in layer 4 decreased, whereas there was

78 al neurons in the upper half of layer 6 have axonal branches in layer 4Calpha as well as 4Cbeta; thes

79 specificity, resulting in similar numbers of axonal branches in layers 4 and 5.

80 ons, electrophysiology on thin and intricate axonal branches in support of understanding their role i

81 soforms mediate formation and segregation of axonal branches in the Drosophila mushroom bodies (MBs).

82 (Dscam) specifically perturbs segregation of axonal branches in the mushroom bodies.

83 s to search for medullary raphe cells having axonal branches in the region of the hypoglossal (XII) m

84 tor 1-expressing BaF3 cells and bFGF-induced axonal branching in hippocampal cultures.

85 go-A and NgR1 interactions may contribute to axonal branching in LOT development.

86 down of Spry3 expression causes an excess of axonal branching in spinal cord motoneurons in vivo.

87 osophila larvae showed ectopic dendritic and axonal branching, indicating a cell-autonomous function

88 ulation included 20% of neurons with profuse axonal branching inside the nucleus and a dendritic arbo

89 The formation of interstitial axonal branches involves the severing of microtubules at

90 n of auditory nerve terminals and pruning of axonal branches is preceded by a reduction in quantal ef

91 species; laminar specificity of the earliest axonal branches is similar to that of mature animals.

92 Here we show that the fate of axonal branches is strictly related to the identity of t

93 Axonal branching is a prerequisite for the establishment

94 This sparse axonal branching is consistent with the essentially homo

95 While axonal branching is well described, the mechanisms that

96 e regulation of action potential invasion in axonal branches might shape the spread of excitation in

97 The mechanisms that control axonal branching morphogenesis have been studied intensi

98 gation was severely compromised with >40% of axonal branches no longer responding to AP-stimulation.

99 Moreover, the abnormal increase of axonal branching observed in LOTUS-KO mice was rescued i

100 as an increase in the Ca(2+) activity in an axonal branch of a subtype of MB neurons.

101 The peripheral axonal branch of primary sensory neurons readily regener

102 of them showed that Ca(2+) activities in the axonal branches of alpha'/beta' neurons in response to a

103 Furthermore anterior and posterior axonal branches of individual afferents received differe

104 Axonal branches of the trigeminal ganglion (TG) display

105 plays an important role in the regulation of axonal branching of motoneurons in vivo, raising the pos

106 omote axonal growth and to prevent premature axonal branching of PNS neurons.

107 ke depletion of kinesin-12, has no effect on axonal branching or navigation.

108 tion and elimination of exuberant widespread axonal branches outside the target zone was not observed

109 y [axonal recurrent collaterals (P < 0.001), axonal branching (P < 0.001), terminal axonal sprouting

110 Analysis of axonal branching patterns, bouton distributions, and den

111 phila is required to establish stereotypical axonal branching patterns, suggesting that nonrandom exp

112 f Ranvier, which normally forms at the first axonal branch point.

113 Axonal branch points display a unimodal organelle pH dis

114 growth cones and varicosities as well as at axonal branch points in cultured cerebral cortical neuro

115 ) among three functionally distinct regions: axonal branch points, distal axons, and the remaining ax

116 elihood of action potential propagation past axonal branch points.

117 ed at off-synaptic locations in the axon and axonal branch points.

118 fragmented, and do not aggregate normally at axonal branch points.

119 Main axonal branches projected rostrally or caudally, and in

120 stiff substrates--as a mechanism involved in axonal branch pruning--and provide what we believe is no

121 ly, APs could fail to propagate through some axonal branches, reducing the number of active synapses.

122 Entirely similar enhancement of axonal branching, short microtubule transport, and frequ

123 drial transport during alternating growth of axonal branches showed that mitochondrial traffic respon

124 owever, the molecular pathways that modulate axonal-branch stability or formation in competitive envi

125 o suggested a role for the Reelin pathway in axonal branching, synaptogenesis, and pathology underlyi

126 In both of the protocerebral areas in which axonal branches terminated, those branches formed exclus

127 the formation of a small number of incorrect axonal branches that are later eliminated.

128 so diminished the characteristic increase in axonal branching that normally accompanies tau depletion

129 al dendritic arborizations and contralateral axonal branching, their gross morphology is similar to t

130 sic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) enhances axonal branching through alterations in proteins involve

131 labeling of individual pTRG neurons revealed axonal branches to the contralateral pTRG and bilateral

132 This dynamic regulation manifests itself in axonal branching, turning and pathfinding, presynaptic d

133 the layer-specific growth and elimination of axonal branches, we studied the development of layer 2/3

134 Single axonal branches were dissected by laser axotomy, avoidin

135 402 are both required for the suppression of axonal branching, while amino-terminal domains including

136 f the forty-five cells, we found one or more axonal branches within or just below the XII nucleus.

137 of axons, as well as to stabilize and refine axonal branches within the target area.