ライフサイエンスコーパス: axonemal

1 ells, despite its sequence classification as axonemal.

2 ke polypeptides that have been thought to be axonemal.

3 eract and are hypothesized to function as an axonemal accessory complex, but only ODA5p was previousl

4 between the axonemal cytoskeleton, the peri-axonemal accessory structures, and multiple regulatory n

5 s present in cytoplasm and flagella, remains axonemal after detergent treatment, and is extracted wit

6 rate that we have identified the first human axonemal AKAP, a protein that likely plays a role in the

7 ective for specific axonemal structures, two axonemal AKAPs have been identified: a 240-kD AKAP assoc

8 ese included tubulins, dyneins, and 80 other axonemal and membrane plus matrix polypeptides.

9 that microtubule diversity is important for axonemal assembly and motility.

10 ose that DYX1C1 is a newly identified dynein axonemal assembly factor (DNAAF4).

11 nto respiratory cilia and cause a failure in axonemal assembly of the ODA component DNAH5 and the ODA

12 Unloaded DRC4 diffuses before docking at its axonemal assembly site.

13 e basal bodies, and, consequently, distorted axonemal assembly.

14 s of sup-pf-2-1 axonemes indicates that both axonemal ATPase activity and outer arm polypeptides are

15 thought to be critical for the generation of axonemal bending.

16 ding, and may regulate the size and shape of axonemal bends through interactions with the radial spok

17 tion for axoneme architecture resides in the axonemal beta-tubulin.

18 motif was identified in carboxyl termini of axonemal beta-tubulins in diverse taxa.

19 Moreover, we found that axonemal beta-tubulins throughout the phylogeny have inv

20 is a key regulatory protein for Tetrahymena axonemal Ca(2+) responses, including ciliary reversal or

21 es have shown that calmodulin (CaM) is a key axonemal calcium sensor.

22 ue to failure in targeting and regulation of axonemal cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA).

23 some flagellum and three constituents of the axonemal capping structure at the tips of both assemblin

24 f GCP2 and GCP3, but not GCP4, disrupted the axonemal central pair microtubules, but not the subpelli

25 These results firmly establish that an axonemal CK1 regulates dynein activity and flagellar mot

26 mydomonas motility mutants suggests that the axonemal CKI is located on the outer doublet microtubule

27 We demonstrate that CCDC151 encodes an axonemal coiled coil protein, mutations in which abolish

28 is an extension of the cell that contains an axonemal complex of microtubules and associated proteins

29 calized hMCA within the radial spokes of the axonemal complex of the sperm flagellum, and immunofluor

30 We propose that Oda5p is part of a novel axonemal complex that is required for outer arm assembly

31 ng physical interactions between these three axonemal complexes and a role for the MIA complex in the

32 emonstrate that the CSC connects three major axonemal complexes involved in dynein regulation: RS2, t

33 Immunoblotting indicates Oda5p is an axonemal component that assembles onto the axoneme indep

34 demonstrates that the PF6 polypeptide is an axonemal component that cosediments at 12.6S with severa

35 irectly in situ with an approximately 45 kDa axonemal component; this interaction is disrupted by the

36 ously shown to be necessary for transport of axonemal components, is also involved in the motility of

37 asis for the complex spatial arrangements of axonemal components.

38 stin-2 proteins in both motile and nonmotile axonemal-containing structures.

39 motor function in response to alterations in axonemal curvature.

40 Rhodopsin-laden vesicles in the OS axonemal cytoplasm fuse with nascent discs that are high

41 reduced slightly with respect to that of the axonemal cytoplasmic reservoir, allowing cytoplasmic flo

42 e outcome of a dynamic interplay between the axonemal cytoskeleton, the peri-axonemal accessory struc

43 Axonemal defects caused by alpha 85E are precisely recip

44 These results demonstrate that axonemal defects may be caused by associated nonaxonemal

45 covered two cDhc sequences distinct from the axonemal Dhc sequences identified previously.

46 The 1alpha Dhc is similar to other axonemal Dhcs, but two additional phosphate binding moti

47 in mediating assembly of both ODAs and their axonemal docking machinery onto ciliary microtubules.

48 o provide information about the structure of axonemal doublet microtubules (DMTs).

49 a single array in a precise location on each axonemal doublet.

50 Studies of the in vitro binding of ODAs to axonemal doublets reveal a role for the ODA5/ODA10 assem

51 play an essential role in the regulation of axonemal dynein activity and thus of ciliary and flagell

52 The addition of kinase inhibitor restored axonemal dynein activity concomitant with the dephosphor

53 In vitro axonemal dynein activity was reduced by the mia1-1 and m

54 I1) and DNAI2, the first appreciated step in axonemal dynein arm assembly.

55 ilB homologs with presence of genes encoding axonemal dynein arm components.

56 mport into cilia and flagella, multi-subunit axonemal dynein arms are thought to be stabilized and pr

57 unchanged or become elevated, the density of axonemal dynein arms is reduced in reptin(hi2394) mutant

58 n and the other essential for assembling the axonemal dynein arms.

59 toplasmic assembly and/or trafficking of the axonemal dynein arms.

60 nked form of PCD causing disruption of early axonemal dynein assembly.

61 provide direct evidence that mutations in an axonemal dynein can cause hydrocephalus.

62 These results show that axonemal dynein directly deciphers the tubulin code, whi

63 , and DIS3 as well as DNAH5, a member of the axonemal dynein family.

64 Dense populations of microtubules driven by axonemal dynein form large vortices, providing insights

65 ability of inner dynein arm I1 and wild-type axonemal dynein function.

66 Because axonemal dynein gliding assays are usually done using he

67 allele of the testis-specifically expressed axonemal dynein heavy chain (axDHC) gene, Dnahc8, has be

68 acterized an insertional mutation in a mouse axonemal dynein heavy chain gene (Mdnah5) that reproduce

69 The axonemal dynein heavy chain gene Mdnah5 is specifically

70 culture demonstrated that the expression of axonemal dynein heavy chains correlated with the develop

71 fication and partial cloning of seven unique axonemal dynein heavy chains from rat tracheal epithelia

72 cells in culture regulated the expression of axonemal dynein heavy chains in a parallel fashion.

73 gulate the cell-specific expression of these axonemal dynein heavy chains will further our understand

74 level of conservation does not extend to the axonemal dynein heavy chains, suggesting functional diff

75 Here we report the positional cloning of an axonemal dynein heavy-chain gene, left/right-dynein (lrd

76 ity, can influence the activity of outer arm axonemal dynein in motility assays using purified protei

77 Pontin is essential for the stabilization of axonemal dynein intermediate chain 1 (DNAI1) and DNAI2,

78 Axonemal dynein is the molecular motor responsible for t

79 An individual axonemal dynein molecule is capable of both unidirection

80 K40 acetylation increases and CTTs decrease axonemal dynein motility.

81 To gain a further understanding of axonemal dynein regulation, mutant strains of Chlamydomo

82 melanogaster that codes for a sperm-specific axonemal dynein subunit.

83 to a higher rate of binding of Chlamydomonas axonemal dynein to Chlamydomonas microtubules than to po

84 motile node cell monocilia and requires the axonemal dynein, left-right dynein (lrd).

85 mmaplysilla purea, which is known to inhibit axonemal dynein.

86 a specific centrin function associated with axonemal dynein.

87 amily proteins were originally identified in axonemal dyneins and subsequently found to function in m

88 fd3F regulates genes for Ch-specific axonemal dyneins and TRPV ion channels, which are requir

89 Axonemal dyneins are molecular motors that drive the bea

90 Axonemal dyneins are multisubunit enzymes that must be p

91 ized oda mutants, but only a partial loss of axonemal dyneins as shown by both electron microscopy an

92 arious cellular transport systems, including axonemal dyneins generating the force for ciliary and fl

93 Gliding assays with axonemal dyneins have the unusual feature that the micro

94 tory beating patterns, the activities of the axonemal dyneins must be coordinated both spatially and

95 Axonemal dyneins must be precisely regulated and coordin

96 Axonemal dyneins produce the motive force for ciliary an

97 sity directly influences the activity of the axonemal dyneins, the motors that drive the beating of t

98 ersity can directly regulate the activity of axonemal dyneins, we asked whether in vitro acetylation

99 identified as subunits of cytoplasmic and/or axonemal dyneins.

100 d to be light chains of both cytoplasmic and axonemal dyneins.

101 LCs) have been found in both cytoplasmic and axonemal dyneins.

102 e analogous to the B-link described for some axonemal dyneins.

103 do different things, as is the case for the axonemal dyneins.

104 disruption of the periodicity of nontubulin axonemal elements.

105 We further show that axonemal enolase is a subunit of the CPC1 central pair c

106 ssary and sufficient for basal body docking, axonemal extension, and motility during the differentiat

107 ing that these proteins act at this level of axonemal extension.

108 Intriguingly, in axonemal extracts from the LC7a null mutant, oda15, whic

109 In oda9 axonemal extracts that completely lack outer arms, LC7b

110 CaM antibodies and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii axonemal extracts, we precipitated a complex that includ

111 eta-tubulin translation occurs later, during axonemal formation.

112 proteins are found almost exclusively in the axonemal fraction, and the methylated forms of these pro

113 homozygosity for the t allele of Dnahc8, an axonemal gamma-type dynein heavy chain (gammaDHC) gene,

114 eukaryotic flagellum/cilium is important for axonemal growth and signaling and has distinct biomechan

115 g kinesin Klp59D, required for regulation of axonemal growth.

116 (rs2134256 and rs1354187) within the dynein axonemal heavy chain 5 (DNAH5) gene (Pmeta-int = 3.6 x 1

117 and motility, and review the terminology of axonemal heavy chain dynein genes.

118 e ciliary dilation (CD), a highly structured axonemal inclusion of hitherto unknown composition and f

119 It also associates with axonemal inner-arm dyneins and regulates cell motility,

120 dition to the shared transduction mechanism, axonemal integrity and possibly ciliary motility are req

121 dynein family, consisting of cytoplasmic and axonemal isoforms, are motors that move towards the minu

122 ins (DHCs) clearly group into cytoplasmic or axonemal isoforms.

123 a defect phenocopied by the silencing of the axonemal kinesin subunit KIF3A but not by chemical disru

124 Including the gene for the axonemal light chain, hp28, we have mapped three differe

125 d/or short primary cilia, as well as reduced axonemal localization of ciliary proteins ARL13B and ade

126 Lechtreck and Witman determined the precise axonemal location of hydin, a protein that, when mutated

127 xoneme, and a passive-diffusion route in the axonemal lumen that escaped previous studies.

128 ver, details of this coordination, including axonemal mechanics, remain unclear.

129 flagellar compartment and anchored into the axonemal microtubular scaffold via the ODA docking compl

130 We characterize novel axonemal microtubule organization patterns, clarify stru

131 ation regulates the assembly and dynamics of axonemal microtubules and acts either directly or indire

132 therefore function to couple acetylation of axonemal microtubules and ciliary membrane growth.

133 ermatozoa exhibited defective arrangement of axonemal microtubules and flagella outer dense fibers.

134 isms, and is required for the acetylation of axonemal microtubules and for the normal kinetics of pri

135 ment of multisubunit protein particles along axonemal microtubules and is required for assembly and m

136 However, the extent to which axonemal microtubules are specialized for sensory cilium

137 r proteins and a novel protein organelle use axonemal microtubules as tracks to shuttle essential com

138 activated breakage of the nine outer-doublet axonemal microtubules at a specific site in the flagella

139 Fully assembled radial spokes, detached from axonemal microtubules during flagellar breakdown or turn

140 er centriole into the basal body, from which axonemal microtubules extend to form the ciliary compart

141 itiation and dock onto ciliary vesicles, but axonemal microtubules fail to elongate normally.

142 the centriole-derived basal body, from which axonemal microtubules grow and which assembles a gate to

143 egulates the onset of anaphase, destabilizes axonemal microtubules in the primary cilium.

144 The centroplast that nucleates their axonemal microtubules is therefore almost certainly homo

145 ssary for binding of outer arm dynein to the axonemal microtubules of Chlamydomonas.

146 lotype encoded) and wild-type dyneins to the axonemal microtubules of t-bearing or wild-type sperm, w

147 In addition, APC regulates the stability of axonemal microtubules through targeting Nek1, the ciliar

148 howed that, whereas the 9 + 2 arrangement of axonemal microtubules was intact, elongated cilia and ci

149 preferential depolymerization of a subset of axonemal microtubules, at either the distal or proximal

150 isotropic fluorescence signals when bound to axonemal microtubules, but the bifunctional probe is les

151 ated between the membrane and the underlying axonemal microtubules.

152 ay be associated with premature extension of axonemal microtubules.

153 cilia and thereby promotes elongation of the axonemal microtubules.

154 of rafts under the flagellar membrane along axonemal microtubules.

155 ependent protein kinase (PKA) that regulates axonemal motility and dynein activity.

156 nsistent with this finding, FOXJ1-regulating axonemal motor protein expression is absent in respirato

157 few residual cilia that correctly expressed axonemal motor proteins were motile and did not exhibit

158 , smetana and touch-insensitive larva B, two axonemal mutants, and 5D10, a weak cho mutant.

159 hich accounts for approximately 45% of total axonemal NDKase, is missing from pf14 axonemes.

160 que cytoskeletal structure surrounds the 9+2 axonemal network in the principal piece of the flagellum

161 e lrd gene confirms its classification as an axonemal, or ciliary, dynein.

162 o the gamma heavy chain of the Chlamydomonas axonemal outer arm dynein, while a more poorly expressed

163 most highly conserved components of ciliary axonemal outer arm dyneins, and it associates with both

164 microscopic studies demonstrate the loss of axonemal outer arms.

165 d tubulin located within the A-tubule of the axonemal outer doublet microtubules.

166 gene on the Y long arm result in loss of the axonemal outer dynein arms in the spermatid tail, while

167 region h1-h9 result in loss of the spermatid axonemal outer dynein arms.

168 at the ODA7 locus in Chlamydomonas prevents axonemal outer row dynein assembly by blocking associati

169 ive-cell imaging and morpholino depletion of axonemal Paralyzed Flagella 16 indicated that flagella-b

170 of microtubule sliding, indicating that the axonemal phosphatases, required for rescue, were retaine

171 he PKA binding domain results in unregulated axonemal PKA activity and inhibition of normal motility.

172 mediate the association between this 45 kDa axonemal polypeptide and the motor unit of the gamma HC.

173 t p72 interacts with two or three additional axonemal polypeptides.

174 As a consequence, wild-type axonemal precursors are transported to and assembled in

175 o two complexes, A and B, and associate with axonemal precursors/turn over products.

176 ions in ZMYND10 result in the absence of the axonemal protein components DNAH5 and DNALI1 from respir

177 murine orthologue of Chlamydomonas PF16, an axonemal protein containing eight armadillo repeats pred

178 ole in sperm motility, most probably through axonemal protein phosphorylation or ion channel regulati

179 requires the transport of components such as axonemal proteins and signal transduction machinery to t

180 equires coordination between the assembly of axonemal proteins and the assembly of the flagellar memb

181 lar assembly and maintenance is to transport axonemal proteins in and out of the flagellum.

182 liary membrane but also for the transport of axonemal proteins to the cilium by means of peripheral a

183 particles, motors, radial spokes, and other axonemal proteins were verified by coimmunoprecipitation

184 c-sheet protofilament to a reconstruction of axonemal protofilaments, we assigned polarity to the pro

185 and RSPH4A encode protein components of the axonemal radial spoke head.

186 ill be customized for each function, such as axonemal rafts or cytoskeletal complexes.

187 ecies, Chlamydomonas has only two spokes per axonemal repeat, RS1 and RS2.

188 of substructures in the internal part of the axonemal shaft requires the activity of kinesin homologu

189 mponents of motile cilia and is required for axonemal sliding and flagellar motility.

190 chanism that converts head movement into the axonemal sliding motion.

191 rations of ADP of 114 microM, at pH 7.6, the axonemal Sp-AK could contribute approximately 31%, and S

192 Combinations of axonemal-specific and degenerate primers to conserved re

193 lagellar tip to be converted into mature 20S axonemal spokes.

194 asal bodies in mammalian cells, also showing axonemal staining.

195 Radial spokes are a conserved axonemal structural complex postulated to regulate the m

196 egulate ciliary access of the IFT machinery, axonemal structural components, and signaling molecules,

197 on extending from the basal body but lacking axonemal structure and remains undifferentiated until de

198 nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC), an axonemal structure critical for the regulation of dynein

199 lia, the Bbs1 M390R mutation does not affect axonemal structure, but it may play a role in the regula

200 Electron microscopy showed that ciliary axonemal structures were not grossly altered.

201 Abnormal axonemal structures with loss of tubulin doublets occur

202 s on motility mutants defective for specific axonemal structures, two axonemal AKAPs have been identi

203 efective motility due to mutation of various axonemal substructures were greatly enhanced compared wi

204 form a discrete complex distinct from other axonemal substructures.

205 The supply and removal of axonemal subunits at the tip are mediated by intraflagel

206 Here, we examine radial spokes, axonemal subunits consisting of 22 polypeptides, as pote

207 tability, and reduced incorporation into the axonemal super complex.

208 ubulin, conserved protein Rib45, >95% of the axonemal tektins, and >95% of the calcium-binding protei

209 the basal body, which normally serves as the axonemal template.

210 genes shown to be expressed specifically in axonemal tissues.

211 toreceptor cilium to form the outer segment, axonemal transport (IFT) in photoreceptors is extraordin

212 microtubules polymerized from Chlamydomonas axonemal tubulin with those from porcine brain tubulin,

213 s of cilia motility and induced a variety of axonemal ultrastructural defects similar to defects prev

214 liary components and a broad range of subtle axonemal ultrastructural defects.

215 Axonemal ultrastructure is restored, except that the out

216 nsformants were wild type in motility and in axonemal ultrastructure.

217 pf16 cells were wild-type in motility and in axonemal ultrastructure.