ライフサイエンスコーパス: axoneme

1 from the complex cytoskeletal structure (the axoneme).

2 vesicle that allows extension of the ciliary axoneme.

3 n with the proximal portion of the flagellar axoneme.

4 s with the proximal segment of the flagellar axoneme.

5 critical for assembly of the N-DRC into the axoneme.

6 e and maintain the 9 + 2 organization of the axoneme.

7 d for microtubular attachment of ODAs in the axoneme.

8 pull the cell towards the distal tip of the axoneme.

9 by the centrosome, and 3) built into the 9+2 axoneme.

10 ire intraflagellar transport (IFT) along the axoneme.

11 ults in glutamylation defects in the ciliary axoneme.

12 ent of IFT proteins, which build the ciliary axoneme.

13 ved in cellular transport and stabilizes the axoneme.

14 microtubules and the rhythmic beating of the axoneme.

15 a region between the basal body and ciliary axoneme.

16 of multiple dynein isoforms anchored to the axoneme.

17 e inner segment to the outer segment sensory axoneme.

18 even though outer arms still assemble in the axoneme.

19 itecture that we term here the 9v (variable) axoneme.

20 e it is involved in the stabilization of the axoneme.

21 association between the ciliary membrane and axoneme.

22 transport-dependent extension of the ciliary axoneme.

23 of the outer doublet microtubules within the axoneme.

24 and displayed cytoplasmic swelling along the axoneme.

25 -coil domains in proteins and the eukaryotic axoneme.

26 alpha- and beta-tubulin subunits within the axoneme.

27 he macromolecular architecture of the motile axoneme.

28 EM reveals the characteristic 9 + 0 axoneme.

29 transport from the basal body to the ciliary axoneme.

30 synthesis associated with the demembranated axoneme.

31 llum, and most of it is tightly bound to the axoneme.

32 action, both circumferentially and along the axoneme.

33 , produces periodic beating movements of the axoneme.

34 ins, forming a biological machine called the axoneme.

35 in kinase A (PKA), which is localized to the axoneme.

36 e flagellar compartment or assembly onto the axoneme.

37 e transition zone between the basal body and axoneme.

38 nd not committed to form either a 9+2 or 9+0 axoneme.

39 tion zone, which lies between basal body and axoneme.

40 whereas KIF3A was restricted to the proximal axoneme.

41 to tubulin incorporation into the elongating axoneme.

42 aintaining a stable complex in the flagellar axoneme.

43 of dynein arm motors into cilia and flagella axonemes.

44 erential shear between microtubules in their axonemes.

45 en glutamylation and glycylation observed in axonemes.

46 esalted extracts are mixed with oda10-mutant axonemes.

47 tions are able to bind individually to oda10 axonemes.

48 nalyzed ATP-induced reactivation of isolated axonemes.

49 defective associations between LC8, RSs, and axonemes.

50 tein, RS protein 3 (RSP3), that docks RSs to axonemes.

51 ectional transport of cargoes within ciliary axonemes.

52 ing of RSP3 N-terminal fragments to purified axonemes.

53 into the mature RS at the tip of elongating axonemes.

54 tubulin modification [1] that is enriched in axonemes.

55 or rescue, were retained in the CK1-depleted axonemes.

56 rientated and almost completely lack ciliary axonemes.

57 nd localizes to both 9 + 2 and 9 + 0 ciliary axonemes.

58 basis for understanding doublet function in axonemes.

59 k centrioles and so are unable to make sperm axonemes.

60 components necessary to build motile ciliary axonemes.

61 uctural integrity of 9 + 2 and 9 + 0 ciliary axonemes.

62 s and to accumulate near the ends of nascent axonemes.

63 cell division, the backbone of neurons, and axonemes.

64 We used isolated and reactivated axonemes [4] to investigate the relation between the two

65 At their core is the ciliary axoneme, a microtubule-based structure that defines cili

66 y between the DmSP and proteins of the mouse axoneme accessory structure.

67 agellum, resulting in flagellar membrane and axoneme alterations, followed by breaking of the flagell

68 e physiological role of PKA anchoring in the axoneme, an RSP3 mutant, pf14, was transformed with an R

69 ensory organelles composed of a microtubular axoneme and a surrounding membrane sheath that houses si

70 d with the outer doublet microtubules of the axoneme and appears not to be a component of the central

71 ns undifferentiated until development of the axoneme and cilia elongation starts at about postnatal d

72 imary cilium by coordinating assembly of the axoneme and ciliary membrane, allowing Gli proteins to b

73 esent along the entire length of the ciliary axoneme and does not require other dynein or docking com

74 ion that occurs predominantly in the ciliary axoneme and has been suggested to be important for cilia

75 CPLANE, defective IFT-A particles enter the axoneme and IFT-B trafficking is severely perturbed.

76 Calmodulin (CaM) localizes to the axoneme and is a key calcium sensor involved in regulati

77 uzzy localizes to the basal body and ciliary axoneme and is essential for ciliogenesis by delivering

78 t C2CD3 is localized proximal to the ciliary axoneme and is important for docking the mother centriol

79 the link between structural chirality in the axoneme and larger scale symmetry breaking (e.g., in dev

80 a modified cilium composed of a basal body, axoneme and outer segment.

81 ch is localized at the basal body or ciliary axoneme and regulates the ciliary entry or flagellar exi

82 n its flagellum activates disassembly of the axoneme and stimulates entry into the flagellum of IFT p

83 tors between the microtubules of the ciliary axoneme and the ciliary membrane [1].

84 interplay between dynamic properties of the axoneme and the IFT machinery; a cell triggered to short

85 enesis, functional collaboration between the axoneme and the membrane, and the evolving field of ther

86 ims of cone lamellae adjacent to the ciliary axoneme and the rims of the closed ROS disks.

87 DCDC2 localizes to the ciliary axoneme and to mitotic spindle fibers in a cell-cycle-de

88 xpressed photoreceptor markers and exhibited axonemes and basal bodies characteristic of outer segmen

89 In Tetrahymena, deletion of TTLL3 shortened axonemes and increased their resistance to paclitaxel-me

90 es and can variously possess 9 + 2 and 9 + 0 axonemes and other associated structures.

91 consequence of shorter cilia with disrupted axonemes and perturbed intravesicular fluid flow in Kupf

92 with the dynein g motor domain in wild-type axonemes and this is the only N-DRC-dynein connection mi

93 Microtubules (MTs) in flagellar axonemes and those assembled from pure tubulin in vitro

94 ium led to modified beating waveforms of the axonemes and to higher energy consumption per beat cycle

95 ic proteins: an IFT-dependent path along the axoneme, and a passive-diffusion route in the axonemal l

96 f the ciliary base, including the centriole, axoneme, and ciliary membrane.

97 odies and the proximal region of the ciliary axoneme, and depletion of SAS-6 prevented centriole asse

98 zed to the basal body and in cilia along the axoneme, and IFT172 knockout cells lost cilia and motili

99 or strains, which build up within the moving axoneme, and somehow regulate dynein activity.

100 cific defect in the structure of the ciliary axoneme, and the hnn neural tube shows a Shh-independent

101 connected to multiple structures within the axoneme, and therefore ideally positioned to integrate s

102 ocalized to the base of cilia and to ciliary axonemes, and disruption of TTC25 function disrupts cili

103 in localized to the cortex, nuclei, internal axonemes, and formed C-shaped filaments along the anteri

104 cell lysates but was not present in isolated axonemes, and immunofluorescence staining showed an abse

105 G islands of metabolic enzyme gene CPT1A and axoneme apparatus gene SPAG6, levels of CPT1A and SPAG6

106 structural proteins destined for the ciliary axoneme are attached to the outer surfaces of cytoplasmi

107 The transition zone and axoneme are not completely formed at this time, indicati

108 male sterile, producing immotile sperm whose axonemes are deficient in the central pair of microtubul

109 of the neuroepithelium is initiated but the axonemes are severely truncated and do not contain visib

110 Mutant sperm axonemes as well as sensory neuron dendrites of Johnston

111 the molecular assembly and stability of the axoneme, as well as its function in motility and sensory

112 osophila Bld10 is required for centriole and axoneme assembly to confer cilium motility.

113 Surprisingly, axoneme assembly was only mildly perturbed.

114 al functioning of the cilium requires proper axoneme assembly, membrane biogenesis and ciliary protei

115 function requires the precise regulation of axoneme assembly, membrane biogenesis, and signaling pro

116 questions about LC8-containing complexes and axoneme assembly.

117 for both membrane and soluble proteins, and axoneme assembly.

118 the axoneme to compartmentalize the site of axoneme assembly.

119 rmation and by restructuring of existing 9+2 axonemes associated with decreased intraflagellar transp

120 ) proteins NPHP4 and NPHP5 interact with the axoneme-associated kinesin-2 motor KIF17 and thus spatia

121 Ccdc103/Pr46b functions as a tightly bound, axoneme-associated protein.

122 reactivated bending observed with wild-type axonemes, ATP addition to drc-mutant axonemes resulted i

123 ring effects of the basal body on the cilium axoneme behave as a nonlinear rotational spring.

124 straints on movement, obscuring the "native" axoneme behavior.

125 rotubules and prime the mother centriole for axoneme biogenesis.

126 is not a structural component of the motile axoneme but is required for proper acquisition of motile

127 The short flagella rarely have axonemes but assemble ectopic microtubules and outer den

128 I1 dynein assembles in bop5-2 axonemes but lacks at least four subunits: IC138, IC97,

129 I1 dynein assembles into the axoneme, but the IC138 IC/LC subcomplex is missing.

130 omposition of the I1 dynein in Chlamydomonas axonemes by cryoelectron tomography and subtomogram aver

131 We show 9+0 axonemes can be generated by two pathways: by de novo fo

132 we show that dynein extracted from wild-type axonemes can rebind to oda16 axonemes in vitro, and dyne

133 her known dynein assembly factors within the axoneme, CCDC103 is not solubilized by 0.6 M NaCl and re

134 perm-associated antigen 16, which encodes an axoneme central apparatus protein, is also a binding par

135 associated antigen 6 gene (SPAG6) encodes an axoneme central apparatus protein.

136 16, which encodes a protein localized in the axoneme central apparatus, and regulates flagella/cilia

137 lamydomonas PF16, a protein localized in the axoneme central apparatus.

138 roles for TZPs in motility, in building the axoneme central pair apparatus and in flagellum biogenes

139 in general, but current understanding of how axoneme components interact stems from 2D data; comprehe

140 cialized cell surface projections containing axonemes composed of microtubules and dynein arms, which

141 in animal development and sensation, contain axonemes comprising microtubules that are especially pro

142 ise, the N-terminal fragments extracted from axonemes contained LC8 and putative spoke-docking protei

143 Microtubule sliding assays, using axonemes containing I1 dynein but devoid of IC97, show r

144 The 9 + 2 structure of motile axonemes contains nine MT doublets interconnected by nex

145 ament alone, composed of a microtubule-based axoneme, contains more than 400 different proteins.

146 where KIF3 and KIF17 cooperate to build the axoneme core and KIF17 builds the distal segments.

147 of one or more microtubule doublets into the axoneme core, giving rise to an architecture that we ter

148 ive for 9+2 axoneme formation can form a 9+0 axoneme de novo.

149 e that the apparent flexural rigidity of the axoneme depends on both the intrinsic flexural rigidity

150 Kif3a(-/-) and (tam)Ift88(-/-) photoreceptor axonemes disintegrated slowly post-induction, starting d

151 d in the presence of low ATP concentrations, axonemes displayed the static beat component in absence

152 The axoneme drives the expansion and compression of the PFR

153 ransport 88's role seems to be restricted to axoneme elongation.

154 ule capping protein CP110 and the subsequent axoneme elongation.

155 table ultrastructural defects of the ciliary axoneme, emphasizing the role of the nexin-dynein regula

156 hat were immunoprecipitated from the retinal axoneme-enriched fraction using an anti-ORF15 antibody i

157 zoa, use IFT-independent mechanisms to build axonemes exposed to the cytosol.

158 ding with intraflagellar transport-dependent axoneme extension and subsequently restrict accumulation

159 nase activity was required for initiation of axoneme extension.

160 ggesting that stumpy plays a role in ciliary axoneme extension.

161 hought to play a key role in assembly of the axonemes/flagella and the reproductive phenotype of Pacr

162 s, bound to IFT particles, along the ciliary axoneme for incorporation into ciliary structures.

163 uctures reflecting two main functions; a 9+2 axoneme for motility and a 9+0 axoneme for sensation and

164 ctions; a 9+2 axoneme for motility and a 9+0 axoneme for sensation and signalling.

165 Axonemes form the core of eukaryotic flagella and cilia,

166 es formed under conditions conducive for 9+2 axoneme formation can form a 9+0 axoneme de novo.

167 ule elongation by kinesin-13 is required for axoneme formation in male germ cells.

168 asal body (centriolar) protein essential for axoneme formation in the flagellate protist Trypanosoma

169 DNA replication, chromatin organization and axoneme formation.

170 into cilia, and depletion of polaris blocked axoneme formation.

171 for proper basal body function and spermatid axoneme formation.

172 nsible for photoreceptor transition zone and axoneme formation.

173 The axoneme forms the essential and conserved core of cilia

174 ting assembly of doublet microtubules in the axoneme from triplet microtubules in the basal body temp

175 hree-dimensional structure of rapidly frozen axonemes from Chlamydomonas and sea urchin sperm, using

176 mass spectrometry of WT and mutant flagellar axonemes from Chlamydomonas identified 12 N-DRC-associat

177 oelectron tomography of wild-type and mutant axonemes from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, we visualized t

178 In axonemes from mutants that lack both the outer dynein ar

179 reinhardtii CK1, together with CK1-depleted axonemes from the paralyzed flagellar mutant pf17, which

180 he outer dynein arms (ODAs) of the flagellar axoneme generate forces needed for flagellar beating.

181 laims that chirality in the structure of the axoneme governs the beat pattern, because microgametes d

182 nduced Cre/loxP recombination indicated that axonemes gradually shorten and outer segments progressiv

183 ental analysis of isolated ciliary/flagellar axonemes has implicated the protein kinase casein kinase

184 lication and mitoses have been completed and axonemes have been assembled.

185 the importance of the proximal region of the axoneme in generating flagellar bending.

186 4 associated with the basal body and ciliary axoneme in human and murine cell lines.

187 terdoublet shear stiffness, of the flagellar axoneme in the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardti

188 Axonemes in multiciliated cells of mammalian epithelia a

189 The axonemes in other structures appear unaffected.

190 from wild-type axonemes can rebind to oda16 axonemes in vitro, and dynein in oda16 cytoplasmic extra

191 t cilia showed defects of the distal ciliary axoneme, including disrupted IFT88 localization and Hh-d

192 Imaging studies of axonemes indicate that several proteins may interact wit

193 9X localizes along the length of the ciliary axoneme, indicating that its loss of function could inde

194 Flow-mediated deflection of the cilia axoneme induces an increase in intracellular calcium and

195 compartmentalization of the axoneme tip, and axoneme integrity and find that MKS proteins also delimi

196 dred proteins combine to build a microtubule axoneme is a fundamental challenge in eukaryotic cell bi

197 ent transport of protein cargo along ciliary axoneme is necessary to sustain these processes.

198 The ciliary axoneme is normal with respect to the 9 + 2 microtubules

199 Thus, normal structure of the ciliary axoneme is required for the cell to translate different

200 Each axoneme is unique in possessing a long, cytoplasmic port

201 ependent movement of IFT particles along the axoneme, is critical for the assembly, maintenance, and

202 The cytoskeleton of cilia, the axoneme, is highly conserved.

203 and resulted in the appearance of cytosolic axonemes lacking a ciliary membrane.

204 was found to load onto the intracytoplasmic axonemes late in mitosis and to accumulate near the ends

205 re, our examination of the structure of this axoneme leads to a testable hypothesis of its role in th

206 d sensory signaling results in alteration of axoneme length and expansion of a membraneous structure,

207 Steady-state axoneme length is maintained by IFT and by intrinsic and

208 statin receptor 3, and significantly reduces axoneme length.

209 cid change at this position results in sperm axonemes markedly deficient in ODAs.

210 repeats every 56 nm along the length of the axoneme, matching the spacing of the connecting proteins

211 racterized by Y-shaped assemblages that link axoneme microtubules to surrounding membrane.

212 nd inner dynein arms on the doublets mediate axoneme motility [1].

213 on for Pbmap-2 in initiating cytokinesis and axoneme motility, possibly downstream of a cell cycle ch

214 e propose that the PFR modifies the in-plane axoneme motion to produce the characteristic trypanosome

215 howed that DRC4, a structural protein of the axoneme, moves in association with IFT particles inside

216 Long-lived microtubules found in ciliary axonemes, neuronal processes, and migrating cells are ma

217 th the mother centriole in CTLs, and neither axoneme nor transition zone ciliary structures form.

218 ns, the motors that drive the beating of the axoneme, nor whether the effects on motility are indirec

219 They do, however, possess a short axoneme of cryptic function.

220 The 9 + 2 microtubule axoneme of flagella and cilia represents one of the most

221 to the inner segment, connecting cilium and axoneme of mammalian photoreceptors.

222 ngeable terms) membrane and the microtubular axoneme of motile and sensory cilia.

223 ein (Rp1L1) in mice is also localized to the axoneme of outer segments (OSs) and connecting cilia in

224 eceptor connecting cilium and to the tip and axoneme of sperm flagella.

225 n of the protein to the radial spokes of the axonemes of both sperm and cilia.

226 more, we show, using ODAs extracted from the axonemes of C. reinhardtii, that the C-terminal beta-pro

227 al movement of raft-like particles along the axonemes of cilia and flagella.

228 In embryos with reduced hspb7, the axonemes of KV cilia have a 9+0 structure, while control

229 and glycylation, are highly enriched in the axonemes of most eukaryotes, and might therefore play pa

230 The axonemes of motile cilia and immotile kinocilia contain

231 Axonemes of motile eukaryotic cilia and flagella have a

232 40-kD flagellar protein that is missing from axonemes of strains that lack the central pair (CP).

233 r (LRO) cells express foxj1a and the ciliary axonemes of these cells have dynein arms, some cilia rem

234 Proximal and distal axonemes of these neurons show no bias towards IFT kines

235 more, LC10 is specifically missing only from axonemes of those strains that fail to assemble outer dy

236 measure ATP consumption of actively beating axonemes on a single-cell level.

237 s processing tubulin, the major component of axonemes, or general vesicular trafficking in a flagellu

238 nent of the central apparatus of the "9 + 2" axoneme, plays a central role in ciliary and flagellar m

239 ich involves a host of other proteins in the axoneme, produces periodic beating movements of the axon

240 and may play functionally distinct roles in axoneme regulation.

241 chanisms that regulate the beating action of axonemes remain unknown.

242 ld-type axonemes, ATP addition to drc-mutant axonemes resulted in splaying of doublets in the distal

243 Because wild-type axonemes retain little ODA16p but can be reactivated to

244 Structural studies of mutant axonemes revealed that assembly of radial spoke 2 is def

245 ochemical studies of Chlamydomonas flagellar axonemes revealed that radial spoke protein (RSP) 3 is a

246 Cryo-electron tomography of mia mutant axonemes revealed that the MIA complex was located immed

247 er-in-oil emulsion droplets and measured the axoneme's ATP consumption by monitoring fluorescence int

248 nding moments to reflect an asymmetry in the axoneme's response to Ca(2+), we capture the transition

249 ng a quasistatic force model, we deduce that axoneme stiffness is dominated by the rigidity of the mi

250 arrays of microtubules are arranged into the axoneme structure by the later addition of preformed pro

251 striking similarity between the microtubule axoneme structure of the Leishmania mexicana parasite in

252 During experimentation with axonemes subjected to mild proteolysis, we observed pair

253 gamma-tubulin, and was present along ciliary axonemes, suggesting that stumpy plays a role in ciliary

254 extraction of Lis1 from wild-type and mutant axonemes suggests that the affinity of outer arm dynein

255 tain a microtubule cytoskeleton, the ciliary axoneme, surrounded by a ciliary membrane.

256 g phosphorylation, stalk base formation, and axoneme targeting.

257 trastructural defects of the cilia and sperm axoneme that affect movement, leading to clinical conseq

258 signaling pathways along its basal body and axoneme that are critical for embryonic development and

259 complex within the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii axoneme that physically links to a known regulatory stru

260 intermediate between the basal body and the axoneme that regulates ciliary traffic.

261 eased the velocity of microtubule sliding in axonemes that also lack outer dynein arms, in which forc

262 ) eukaryotic cilia possess microtubule-based axonemes that are assembled at the cell surface to form

263 tubule doublets are structural components of axonemes that contain a number of proteins besides tubul

264 defects in microtubule B-tubules, similar to axonemes that lack tubulin posttranslational modificatio

265 axoneme (the promastigote) to one with a 9+0 axoneme (the amastigote).

266 microtubule doublets that span the length of axoneme (the flagellar cytoskeleton).

267 nsformation of a life cycle stage with a 9+2 axoneme (the promastigote) to one with a 9+0 axoneme (th

268 In addition to a microtubular axoneme, the flagellum contains a crystalline paraflagel

269 ide adjacent microtubule doublets within the axoneme, the motile cytoskeletal structure.

270 We show that, in addition to the axoneme, the RPGR-ORF15 protein is localized to the basa

271 The assembly of the axoneme, the structural scaffold of cilia and flagella,

272 protein complexes assemble onto the growing axoneme tip using (cryo) electron tomography.

273 one composition, compartmentalization of the axoneme tip, and axoneme integrity and find that MKS pro

274 ting of tubulin subunits for assembly at the axoneme tip.

275 cursors associated with IFT particles to the axoneme tip.

276 he centriole to compartmentalize the growing axoneme tip.

277 ntriole and of a static interaction with the axoneme to compartmentalize the site of axoneme assembly

278 rrying ciliary component proteins) along the axoneme to facilitate the assembly and maintenance of ci

279 rved flagellar proteins functions within the axoneme to mediate Pkd2-dependent processes in the sperm

280 dramatic shift of attention from the ciliary axoneme to the ciliary membrane, much of this driven by

281 ctures can also be removed from existing 9+2 axonemes to convert them to 9+0.

282 ion zone, located between the basal body and axoneme, to regulate the localization of ciliary membran

283 by a flagellum that harbors a canonical 9+2 axoneme, together with trypanosome-specific elaborations

284 grow asynchronously to template the ciliary axoneme, visualize degeneration of the centriole core, a

285 n factors; however, formation of the ciliary axoneme was unaffected.

286 These developing axonemes were positioned to coordinate trafficking into

287 KIF17 localized along the rod outer segment axoneme when expressed in mouse and X. laevis photorecep

288 us end directed motor that drives sliding of axonemes when adsorbed to a glass surface.

289 h outer arm dynein and ODA10p rebound to the axonemes when desalted extracts are mixed with oda10-mut

290 ARON is located at the base of the flagellar axoneme, where it likely mediates targeting of flagellar

291 hat polymerize from basal bodies to form the axoneme, which consists of hundreds of proteins.

292 The axoneme, which forms the core of eukaryotic flagella and

293 Consistent with retrograde trafficking, the axoneme, which potentially mediates retrograde intraflag

294 acts can bind to docking sites on pf28 (oda) axonemes, which is consistent with a role for ODA16 in d

295 of CK1 restored microtubule sliding in pf17 axonemes, which is consistent with an inhibitory role fo

296 a elongation disrupts trafficking within the axoneme with a 38% reduction in Arl13b ciliary localizat

297 The LC10 protein is extracted from flagellar axonemes with 0.6 M NaCl and cofractionates with the out

298 In isolated axonemes with a normal dynein arm composition, TTLL6 def

299 Reconstitution of depleted axonemes with purified, recombinant CK1 restored inhibit

300 antibodies generated against FAP91 to mutant axonemes with reduced dynein activity restores dynein ac