ライフサイエンスコーパス: be initiated by

1 After extinction, reinstatement was initiated by 10 minutes of cue-induced drug seeking,

2 Chemotherapy was initiated by 272 women (89%) for whom chemotherapy w

3 l plasticity that are relevant to alcoholism are initiated by a shared mechanism.

4 This is believed to be initiated by a change in glutamate decarboxylase acti

5 lineO bond formation in terminal olefins can be initiated by a combination of the Pd(II) and hyperval

6 network percolation; but this can sometimes be initiated by a local cavitation process without pore

7 of alpha-terpineol-to-1,8-cineole conversion is initiated by a catalytic dyad (histidine-502 and glut

8 In such cases, amplification is initiated by a chromothripsis event involving both si

9 e we show that acoustic droplet vaporization is initiated by a combination of two phenomena: highly n

10 s a common chronic inflammatory disease that is initiated by a complex microbial biofilm that poses s

11 re indicates that the dioxygenation reaction is initiated by a direct attack of O2 on the C2 atom of

12 sues, that in many such cases, transcription is initiated by a distal upstream CpG island (CGI) locat

13 elective autophagy and bulk autophagy, which is initiated by a distinct Atg1 activation mechanism dur

14 ccharomyces cerevisiae mating-type switching is initiated by a double-strand break (DSB) at MATa, lea

15 pports the idea that yeast mtDNA replication is initiated by a DSB and bKu inhibits mtDNA replication

16 find a novel mechanism for the reaction that is initiated by a hydrogen atom abstraction reaction, wh

17 tions, we propose that benzoyl-CoA reduction is initiated by a hydrogen atom transfer from a W(IV) sp

18 Mucin-type O-glycosylation is initiated by a large family of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide

19 nnabinoid suppression of synaptic inhibition is initiated by a membrane-associated glucocorticoid rec

20 The reaction is initiated by a metal-free oxidative coupling of prima

21 The enzymatic reaction is initiated by a nucleophilic activation of the substra

22 The release sequence is initiated by a previously unexploited photochemical r

23 Splicing is initiated by a productive interaction between the pre

24 The reaction is initiated by a rate-limiting deprotonation.

25 re, tango7-dependent cortical dronc activity is initiated by a sublethal pulse of the inhibitor of ap

26 The auto-induction is initiated by a thiol-disulfide exchange that leads to

27 unprecedented C-H oxidative addition, which is initiated by a triplet excited state of metal-to-liga

28 Chromosome replication is initiated by a universal mechanism in eukaryotic cell

29 one station to another on a molecular thread is initiated by a UV pulse.

30 at has many key features of chronic pain: it is initiated by a variety of noxious stimuli, has indefi

31 Contraction of skeletal muscle cells is initiated by a well-known signaling pathway.

32 Instead, we infer that the MPT was initiated by a change in ice sheet dynamics and that

33 e 4 and its corresponding tert-butyl ester 3 was initiated by a Michael reaction to introduce the cyc

34 Finally, we showed that the rings were initiated by a circular array of phosphatidylinosit

35 Cancer progression and development are initiated by aberrations in various molecular networ

36 Catabolism of yolk is initiated by acidification of the yolk platelet, lead

37 Neutrophil adhesion in acute inflammation is initiated by activation of alphaLbeta2 (LFA-1), which

38 The introduction of DSBs is initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (A

39 B cells, Ig class switch recombination (CSR) is initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (A

40 Repair of A:oxoG is initiated by adenine DNA glycosylase, which catalyzes

41 generative pathologies like osteoporosis may be initiated by age-related shifts in anabolic and catab

42 ntibody class-switch DNA recombination (CSR) is initiated by AID-introduced DSBs in the switch (S) re

43 d persistent; involves both IgG and IgE; and is initiated by airborne PR-10.

44 ory response to repair the defective barrier is initiated by amniotic fluid via activation of NF-E2-r

45 Skeletal muscle contractions are initiated by an increase in Ca(2+) released during e

46 Fibrosis can be initiated by an epithelial cell dysfunction, leading

47 la, the cleavage of the syncytial blastoderm is initiated by an actomyosin network at the base of mem

48 The assembly of both heterocyclic systems is initiated by an aza-Michael reaction followed by intr

49 the oxidative cyclization reaction sequence is initiated by an electron transfer step followed by nu

50 f the electron in the larger molecular wires is initiated by an electron-hole dissociation intermedia

51 The aggregation was initiated by an early oligomer requiring a pathogeni

52 h the evolution of the bipolar mating system was initiated by an ectopic recombination event mediated

53 The elastic wave was initiated by an intense optical laser pulse and was

54 We showed that ICWs were initiated by an extracellular calcium influx across

55 Large ring-forming dehydrogenation is initiated by anodic oxidation at a graphite surface.

56 Adaptive cellular immunity is initiated by antigen-specific interactions between T

57 AF was initiated by applied ectopic pacing in the pulmonary

58 Poliovirus infection is initiated by attachment to a receptor on the cell sur

59 Viral infection is initiated by attachment to receptors on host cells, a

60 he upregulation of the T-type Ca(2+) current is initiated by beta-adrenergic receptors, cyclic AMP an

61 This change was initiated by beta-adrenergic receptors, cyclic AMP a

62 Oligomerization was initiated by BH3-in-groove dimerization, without whi

63 Muscle hypertrophy was initiated by bilateral ablation of soleus agonists 1

64 These interactions are initiated by binding of incoming Ca(2+) to calmoduli

65 l mechanosensing is a multistep process that is initiated by binding of cell surface receptors to the

66 TSHR activation is initiated by binding of the hormone ligand TSH to the

67 Here, we show that INO1 memory in yeast is initiated by binding of the Sfl1 transcription factor

68 brane conductance regulator (CFTR), F508del, is initiated by binding of the small heat shock protein,

69 IL-13-mediated signalling is initiated by binding to IL-13Ralpha1, which then recr

70 We discover that switching is initiated by both the leading (microtubules depolymer

71 We reveal that covalent coupling is initiated by C-Br bond cleavage through photon energi

72 t al. (2015) describe an autocrine loop that is initiated by cardiac-expressed hepatocyte growth fact

73 These feedback loops are initiated by CLOCK-CYCLE (CLK-CYC) heterodimers, whi

74 Induction of tolerance to rhASB was initiated by coadministration of low-dose corticoste

75 ws for condensed phase chemical reactions to be initiated by colliding droplets with different reacta

76 ious evidence that IgE-FcepsilonRI signaling is initiated by colocalization with Lyn in ordered lipid

77 se a multistep process for CM pathology that is initiated by cytoadhesion of infected erythrocytes to

78 The fibrotic process is initiated by cytokines, neuroendocrine effectors, and

79 Inflammasome assembly is initiated by cytosolic sensors in response to microbi

80 DNA methylation patterns are initiated by de novo DNA methyltransferases DNMT3a/3

81 Cotranslational mRNA degradation is initiated by decapping and proceeds 5' to 3' behind t

82 disease in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) is initiated by defective host defense that predisposes

83 Our studies were initiated by delineating the consequences of loss o

84 Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is initiated by dimerization of intracellular Toll/IL-1

85 dies have shown that cryptic translation can be initiated by distinct mechanisms at non-AUG codons in

86 e-causing form of chromosome instability and is initiated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs).

87 Base excision repair is initiated by DNA glycosylases that recognize specific

88 Relapse to drug use can be initiated by drug-associated cues.

89 This may have been initiated by dry conditions that prevailed in North

90 non-canonical first exon whose transcription was initiated by DUX4 binding.

91 This process is initiated by dysfunction of SAR1A GTPase followed by

92 trode recording of SHR hearts showed that VT was initiated by early afterdepolarization (EAD)-mediate

93 DNA mismatch repair is initiated by either the Msh2-Msh6 or the Msh2-Msh3 mi

94 Many of these transformations are initiated by electron transfer (ET).

95 lecular choreography of STIM1-ORAI1 coupling is initiated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) store

96 ing neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions was initiated by endothelial cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), i

97 Our results suggest that secretion of a TpsA is initiated by engaging both POTRA domains of a TpsB tr

98 The increase phase of the fluctuations was initiated by enhanced survival, particularly of juve

99 Virus infection is initiated by entry of the virus into the host cell.

100 This step is initiated by eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)

101 lt of a complex differentiation program that is initiated by exogenous signal gradients, cellular loc

102 In mice, HCC can be initiated by exposure to the carcinogen DEN, which ha

103 rice (Oryza sativa), the reproductive phase is initiated by exposure to short days when expression o

104 The induction phase (days 0-8) of conversion is initiated by expression of FGRS in mature endothelial

105 We further demonstrate that this signal is initiated by extracellular K(+) -a byproduct of neura

106 that many or possibly all lightning flashes are initiated by fast positive breakdown.

107 Specification of inner ear progenitors is initiated by FGF signalling.

108 Condensation is initiated by focal nucleation of a towerlike bundle,

109 ak, and transient; does not involve IgE; and is initiated by foodborne PR-10.

110 nerally held notions that the oxidation step is initiated by formation of a carbanion intermediate an

111 equires a critical protein concentration and is initiated by formation of nucleation points on the su

112 e fundamental aspects of gastrulation, which is initiated by formation of the primitive streak (PS).

113 HIT pathophysiology is initiated by four essential components--heparin (Hep)

114 For nearly all paramyxoviruses, infection is initiated by fusion of the viral and host cell plasma

115 This process is initiated by G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs

116 6 for whom genetic evaluation would not have been initiated by guideline-based testing.

117 In transgenic animal models, ADM and PanINs are initiated by high-affinity ligands for EGF-R or acti

118 nt capture of foamy human or mouse monocytes was initiated by high-affinity CD11c, which directly act

119 etic inheritance of aberrant development can be initiated by histone demethylase activity in developi

120 he data show that the hydroxylation reaction is initiated by homolytic cleavage of the O-O bond in th

121 , the process of domestication is assumed to be initiated by humans, involve few individuals and rely

122 Evidence suggests DNA cleavage is initiated by hydrogen atom abstraction from the deoxy

123 on by elongation factor-bound aminoacyl-tRNA is initiated by hydrogen bond interactions between the f

124 This 'DNA sliding' is initiated by hydrolysis of multiple ATPs catalysed by

125 also the fine-tuned signaling cascades that are initiated by hypoxia.

126 This multicellular process is initiated by hypoxia, selectively sensed by macrophag

127 n the mode of activation and processing that is initiated by IFN-1, in perspective of the resulting p

128 The classical complement pathway is initiated by IgG molecules that have assembled into o

129 s of temporal VL staging, glomerulonephritis was initiated by IgG and complement deposition.

130 The LAF onset is initiated by independent patches of localised activit

131 he autocatalytic cycle of protein activation is initiated by inert gas-mediated singlet O2 production

132 In the mouse model, a therapeutic approach was initiated by infusing extra Foxp3(GFP+) Tregs during

133 otective immune responses to viral infection are initiated by innate immune sensors that survey extra

134 These multicellular interactions are initiated by insoluble tangles of phosphorylated tau

135 critical to productive HSV-1 infection that is initiated by interaction of the ICP0 N-terminus with

136 ilures in the form of fire and explosion can be initiated by internal short circuits associated with

137 The nonlinear processes are initiated by intra-pulse difference frequency genera

138 In mice, hair follicle placode "budding" is initiated by invagination of Wnt-induced epithelium i

139 homologous end joining (NHEJ) in human cells is initiated by Ku heterodimer binding to a DSB, followe

140 eferred to as "triggered waves" because they are initiated by L-type Ca channel openings during the a

141 Phagocytosis is initiated by lateral clustering of receptors, which i

142 The cry1 photocycle is initiated by light absorption by its FAD chromophore,

143 Many reactions leading to SiTM complexes are initiated by loss of a ligand prior to oxidative add

144 Many cancers are initiated by loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) events tha

145 The assembly process of the enzyme is initiated by membrane insertion of the mitochondria-e

146 Pneumonia is initiated by microbes in the lung, but physiological

147 central role in inflammatory responses that are initiated by microbial challenges, as well as in tho

148 In chick embryos, skeletal muscle formation is initiated by migrating Delta1-expressing neural crest

149 This study was initiated by mining the Ixodes ricinus salivary glan

150 The mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis is initiated by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabiliz

151 ntary hunter-gatherers whereas more often it was initiated by mobile societies of hunter-gatherers or

152 that monocot lignin chains do not appear to be initiated by monolignol homodehydrodimerization as th

153 ic studies revealed that osteocyte apoptosis was initiated by multiple myeloma cell-mediated activati

154 Precursor lesions were initiated by mutations of genes that are known to a

155 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is believed to be initiated by myelin-reactive CD4(+) Th cells.

156 The reaction is initiated by N activation of the azine, followed by n

157 One pathway of activation is initiated by N-cadherin ligation and involves the cad

158 ROS production in neutrophils is initiated by NADPH oxidase, which converts oxygen int

159 We now understand that cGVHD is initiated by naive T cells, differentiating predomina

160 Synaptic plasticity is thought to be initiated by neurons only, with the prevailing view a

161 that new myelin production in the adult CNS is initiated by newly generated oligodendrocytes (OLs),

162 ABC does not require BCR mutations and might be initiated by non-genetic mechanisms.

163 d of North Atlantic cooling, thought to have been initiated by North America fresh water runoff that

164 e is a chronic inflammatory disease that can be initiated by numerous extrinsic or intrinsic factors

165 In each meiotic cell, recombination is initiated by numerous DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs)

166 ROP is initiated by oxygen supplementation necessary to prev

167 ecognition by this class of receptors, which is initiated by pairs of lysine residues that dock into

168 on of H2(18) O, the pathway was concluded to be initiated by palladium metal catalyzed partial hydrog

169 vational metrics for evaluating whether life was initiated by panspermia on multiple planets in the T

170 A loading dose was initiated by paramedics before the patient arrived a

171 while directional growth of NRs and NWs may be initiated by particle dimerization via oriented attac

172 The termination phase is initiated by PDEs actively targeting the protein kina

173 It is suggested that H-abstraction processes are initiated by photochemically excited dissolved organ

174 yte-to-macrophage differentiation, which can be initiated by physiological or atherogenic factors, is

175 In Drosophila, processing of pre-piRNAs is initiated by piRNA-guided Slicer cleavage or the endo

176 The alpha1-AR LTD was initiated by postsynaptic alpha1-ARs but mediated by

177 y expressed plasticity, the predominant form being initiated by presynaptically expressed Gi/o-couple

178 sis was instrumental for their migration and was initiated by pro-migratory stimuli via a PI3K-mTORC2

179 ubcortical band heterotopia (SBH), likely to be initiated by progenitor delamination from the VZ earl

180 Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed double strand breaks (DSBs),

181 the change in cortical state are thought to be initiated by projections from the mesencephalic locom

182 tinct respiratory neural control regions can be initiated by prolonged hypoxia exposure and may be mo

183 rand breaks by homologous recombination (HR) is initiated by Rad51 filament nucleation on single-stra

184 aa1 and C57BL/6 mice revealed that arthritis is initiated by radiation-sensitive cells, but orchestra

185 V(D)J recombination is initiated by RAG1 and RAG2, which together with HMGB1

186 Catalysis is initiated by reductive cleavage of the SAM S-C5' bond

187 a reporter system where RDR6-dependent PTGS is initiated by restricted expression of an inverted-rep

188 If this mislocalization is initiated by saccade preparation, one should also obs

189 Regulated intramembrane proteolysis is initiated by shedding, and the remaining stubs are fu

190 When the coassembly was initiated by short cylindrical seed micelles, monodi

191 h are critical for control of WNV infection, are initiated by signaling through pathogen recognition

192 Oil oxidation was initiated by singlet oxygen that was produced by chl

193 Most clear cell renal carcinomas (ccRCCs) are initiated by somatic inactivation of the VHL tumor s

194 Mammalian zygotic development is initiated by sperm-mediated intracellular calcium osc

195 ferentiation in the embryonic gonadal ridge, is initiated by SRY, a Y-encoded architectural transcrip

196 Human testis determination is initiated by SRY, a Y-encoded architectural transcrip

197 al model for metastasis, in which metastases are initiated by stem-like cells that proliferate and di

198 s have provided insights into whether cancer is initiated by stem or more specified cells under vario

199 Our results suggest that this cascade is initiated by stimulation of IL-33 production that see

200 olding of the disulfide bond-lacking variant is initiated by strands A or G and that disulfide bond-m

201 that, like monooxygenation, alkene formation is initiated by substrate C-H bond abstraction.

202 T cell proliferation is initiated by T cell antigen receptor (TCR) triggering

203 Lysis of intact fibrin is initiated by t-PA, and uPA activates the remaining pl

204 uropathological mechanism of early AD, which is initiated by tau accumulation in MEC, and demonstrate

205 oligomers marks an early disease stage that is initiated by Tau phosphorylation at N-terminal sites.

206 Chromosome segregation and mitotic exit are initiated by the 1.2-MDa ubiquitin ligase APC/C (ana

207 ingle-strand DNA overhangs at the break that are initiated by the action of the Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 (MRX

208 substituted chiral aza- and carbocycles, and are initiated by the addition of an arylboronic acid to

209 ons involve indirect scattering dynamics and are initiated by the barrierless addition of dicarbon to

210 The classical and lectin pathways are initiated by the C1r/C1s (classical) and MASP-1/MASP

211 review covers free radical additions, which are initiated by the formal addition of a hydrogen atom

212 Streams of migratory cells are initiated by the formation of tandem pairs of cells

213 These pathways are initiated by the generation of phosphatidylinositol

214 Both of these cytotoxic processes are initiated by the involvement of TNFR1, a receptor fo

215 amounts of aggregated protein is thought to be initiated by the formation of transient intermediate

216 h protein or chemical adducts is believed to be initiated by the MRN complex in conjunction with CtIP

217 -band activity, and the coupling appeared to be initiated by the PFC.

218 cells from the primary tumor is believed to be initiated by the reactivation of an embryonic develop

219 rando microscopy observation was revealed to be initiated by the solid-solution reaction of the LiMO2

220 They are believed to be initiated by the spontaneous firing of Starburst Amac

221 of topological states of matter has largely been initiated by the discovery of bismuth and antimony

222 lly limits the duration of PTP, and that PTP is initiated by the action of a 'conventional' PKC isofo

223 complex proceeds in a step-wise fashion that is initiated by the assembly of the base and is followed

224 membrane protein insertion, and this process is initiated by the assembly of YidC.ribosome nascent ch

225 Non-homologous end joining is initiated by the association of Ku with DNA ends.

226 B-cell activation is initiated by the binding of antigen to the B-cell rec

227 V(D)J recombination is initiated by the binding of the RAG1 and RAG2 protein

228 This pathway is initiated by the binding of Wnt ligands to the Frizzl

229 The process of photosynthesis is initiated by the capture of sunlight by a network of

230 For coding genes, termination is initiated by the cleavage/polyadenylation machinery.

231 The assembly of MCC in active checkpoint is initiated by the conversion of Mad2 from an open (O-M

232 g mechanism is hierarchical in nature, which is initiated by the detachment of polymer chains, and th

233 Cl, which is about 0.3 V lower than when ECL is initiated by the electrochemical oxidation of Ru(bpy)

234 entry, essential for the adaptive immunity, is initiated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) se

235 ng occurs predominantly in primary cilia and is initiated by the entry of the G protein-coupled recep

236 Insertion is initiated by the folding of residues 3-11 into an alp

237 intracellular membrane-trafficking pathway, is initiated by the formation of an isolation membrane (

238 CME is initiated by the formation of clathrin-coated pits (C

239 Assembly is initiated by the formation of the cartwheel structure

240 om KaiC phosphorylation to dephosphorylation is initiated by the formation of the KaiB-KaiC complex,

241 Synaptic communication in the nervous system is initiated by the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the

242 In flowering plants, seed development is initiated by the fusion of the maternal egg and centr

243 ation of the environmental pollutant toluene is initiated by the glycyl radical enzyme benzylsuccinat

244 Formation of smHSSs is initiated by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilica

245 integrin activation complex whose formation is initiated by the interaction of active, guanosine tri

246 Cilia biogenesis is initiated by the interaction of positive and negative

247 processive run regardless of whether the run is initiated by the KIF3A or KIF3C motor domain.

248 X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is initiated by the long noncoding RNA Xist, which coats

249 this phenotypic change in spinal AADC cells is initiated by the loss of descending 5-HT projections

250 The ejection is initiated by the loss of the G protein spike that enc

251 In ON-BCs, synaptic transmission is initiated by the metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGl

252 response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is initiated by the MRX/MRN complex (Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 in

253 Polycomb recruitment is initiated by the PCGF3/5-PRC1 complex, which catalyze

254 Conventional models posit that TCR signaling is initiated by the phosphorylation of receptor-associat

255 Canonical Wnt signaling is initiated by the phosphorylation of the Lrp5/6 co-rec

256 We found that the PPi release in T7 RNAP is initiated by the PPi dissociation from two catalytic

257 Meiotic recombination is initiated by the programmed induction of double-stran

258 We show that this degradation is initiated by the reaction of superoxide (O2 (-) ) wit

259 This replication is initiated by the recognition of hemimethylated CpG si

260 w that transit through the lymphatic network is initiated by the recognition of leukocyte-derived hya

261 V(D)J recombination is initiated by the recombination-activating gene (RAG)

262 activity of cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) is initiated by the release of ATP from glia-like inner

263 o a bonded system, where interface debonding is initiated by the residual tensile stress in the super

264 rosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is initiated by the retention and accumulation of choles

265 ne of the five central senses of perception, is initiated by the retina and has evolved over time to

266 Our model suggests that BV is initiated by the sexual transmission of Gardnerella v

267 Assembly of a COPI coated vesicle is initiated by the small GTPase Arf1 that recruits the

268 systemic stress-evoked sterile inflammation is initiated by the sympathetic nervous system, resultin

269 X-SELEX is initiated by the synthesis of diverse repertoires (he

270 Reactivation from latency is initiated by the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethaso

271 Assembly of HIV-1 particles is initiated by the trafficking of viral Gag polyprotein

272 obulin (Ig) class switch recombination (CSR) is initiated by the transcription-coupled recruitment of

273 Neurogenesis is initiated by the transient expression of the highly c

274 hat flow-induced lymphatic valve development is initiated by the upregulation of GATA2, which has bee

275 imals in which immune-mediated demyelination is initiated by the viral infection of the central nervo

276 Each trial was initiated by the animal, providing a predictable tim

277 1(st) century, a new era in nuclear medicine was initiated by the clinical introduction of small-mole

278 The minor folding pathway was initiated by the register-shifted sheet, which is co

279 tion of possible catalysts for this reaction was initiated by the screening of simple binary and tern

280 al examination indicated that disc formation was initiated by the Y141C protein, but proper sizing an

281 on reactions might be the main aging process were initiated by the cumulative effect of light and OH

282 % of their patients; only 26% of discussions were initiated by the oncologist.

283 and focus on what kind of chemical reactions are initiated by these short-lived radical species in so

284 ptosis induction, whereas survival signaling is initiated by TNFR1 at the plasma membrane, we examine

285 dependent on DNA topoisomerase I (Top1) and are initiated by Top1 incision at the relevant ribonucle

286 ormation of intercellular adhesive junctions is initiated by trans binding between cadherins on adjac

287 h CD61(+) platelets, and T-cell-mediated ITP was initiated by transfer of their splenocytes into seve

288 shows, for the first time, that the reaction is initiated by triplet dioxygen and its binding to depr

289 Most colon cancer cases are initiated by truncating mutations in the tumor suppr

290 hat the mechanism of catalyst photoreduction is initiated by ultrafast electron injection into TiO2,

291 degradation process, has been well-known to be initiated by Unc-51 like kinase 1 (ULK1) with some li

292 ranch of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is initiated by unconventional splicing of HAC1/XBP1 mRN

293 ve muscle wasting disease that is thought to be initiated by unregulated Ca(2+) influx into myofibers

294 The open-to-closed transition can be initiated by "unzipping" the extracellular domain and

295 X inactivation is initiated by upregulation of the lncRNA (long non-cod

296 stem to infection and damage to tissues, can be initiated by various germline-encoded innate immune-s

297 T cells (Treg) and are thought to sometimes be initiated by viral infections.

298 Infection is initiated by viral glycoprotein-mediated fusion betwe

299 Infection by PV is initiated by virus binding to specific cell receptors

300 Plague is initiated by Yersinia pestis, a highly virulent bacte