1 TMTV0
was measured by (
18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emissi
2 resonances of glutamate and glutamine (Glx),
were measured by 1H MRS in the left dorsolateral prefron
3 ness (CCT) and white-to-white (WTW) distance
were measured by 2 skilled operators.
4 Proliferation
was measured by (
3)H-thymidine incorporation and TGF-bet
5 Frailty
was measured by 4-m walk time, grip strength, self-repor
6 motion of polynucleotides through an enzyme
is measured by a nanopore.
7 on of human venous smooth muscle cells (SMC)
was measured by a DNA-binding assay, and ii) lipopolysac
8 Mental performance
was measured by a free-recall test, and physical perform
9 Asthma severity
was measured by a longitudinal composite assessment of d
10 Nurses' knowledge (N=3013 nurses)
was measured by a validated 20-item online test, quality
11 obility of the carbon species in the cheeses
was measured by a wide-line separation technique.
12 primary dependent variable for analysis and
was measured by a woman's self-report of her treatment.
13 Salivary glucose levels
were measured by a florescent glucose oxidase method; va
14 Antiestrogenic effects of the compounds
were measured by a luciferase-based assay using recombin
15 Their in vitro antioxidant activities
were measured by ABTS radical cation decolorization assa
16 Thermo-oxidative alterations of the oil
were measured by acid and anisidine values, changes in f
17 ity of endoscopists' colonoscopy performance
is measured by adenoma detection rate (ADR).
18 ombing, emphysema, and normal lung densities
were measured by AMFM and three radiologists, documentin
19 The salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) level
was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
20 NP role
was measured by an item asking NPs to report if they del
21 = 84 (54-123) nm Dimer dissociation kinetics
were measured by analyzing the shape of the sedimentatio
22 ority children in which racial/ethnic status
was measured by ancestry-informative markers.
23 Tear meniscus height (TMH)
was measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomog
24 nformational changes and their reversibility
were measured by antigenic analysis with a panel of mono
25 The predictive accuracy of each marker
was measured by area under the receiver operating curve.
26 nternal carotid intima-media thickness (IMT)
were measured by B-mode ultrasonography in EDIC years 1
27 Intermediate outcomes
were measured by bibliometric analysis.
28 LTBI
was measured by both the TST and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-
29 FH and ARMS2 single nucleotide polymorphisms
were measured by both groups.
30 ible formation of a Criegee intermediate has
been measured by broadband cavity enhanced UV absorption
31 Concordance between wavefronts
was measured by calculating percentage of overlap betwee
32 yglucose-uptake, indicative of inflammation,
was measured by calculating the target:background ratio.
33 Model discrimination
was measured by calibration plots and the concordance in
34 t 48 weeks of follow-up over baseline levels
were measured by CAP.
35 S AND LA volume indexed to body surface area
was measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance steady
36 n making and interprofessional communication
were measured by case-specific assessments evaluating th
37 The subcellular distribution of (64)Cu
was measured by cell fractionation.
38 The sealer biocompatibility
was measured by cell function and proliferation assays o
39 Cell permeability
was measured by cell-cell junction confocal microscopy a
40 Activation of caspase-1
was measured by cleavage of the enzyme, release of inter
41 sis, and L.V. panamensis for 24 and 48 hours
were measured by commercial enzyme immunoassay.
42 mixed titanium/iron oxides, the final sample
was measured by compact accelerator mass spectrometry.
43 At the community scale, this discrepancy can
be measured by comparing the spatial shift in the relati
44 HRV vaccination program (primary objective)
was measured by comparing the incidence rate of ARD amon
45 Buccal bone wall height
was measured by computed tomography in the preoperative
46 Liver attenuation
was measured by computed tomography, and liver-to-phanto
47 olon tissues were collected and fluorescence
was measured by confocal microscopy.
48 a general UME, ET kinetic information could
be measured by constructing a plot of 1/current density
49 urfaces with high precision, which could not
be measured by conventional non-destructive methods.
50 Proximal outcomes
were measured by counting views of and requests for NTP'
51 al oxidation signals of free DA and the drug
was measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential
52 Superoxide generation
was measured by cytochrome C reduction in the presence a
53 progression of the stem cell differentiation
was measured by determining the lipid accumulation rates
54 Neuropathology
was measured by determining the percentage area positive
55 on over 90 large-scale TF-DNA datasets which
were measured by different high-throughput experimental
56 C initial and final lengths after stretching
were measured by digital video microscopy, and a Deforma
57 of release such as hydrolysis and mass loss,
was measured by direct analysis of the recovered microsp
58 ring the final 2 wk of the BD and KD periods
was measured by doubly labeled water (EEDLW).
59 (68)Ga-DOTATATE uptake
was measured by drawing regions of interest along the ca
60 f HIV, CMV, and EBV DNA and cellular HIV RNA
were measured by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for each ti
61 Body composition changes
were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
62 Staphylococcus aureus-induced EC activation
was measured by E-selectin and ICAM-1 expression using f
63 ography, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA)
was measured by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Stu
64 cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) concentrations
were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassays.
65 ispersity (1st dimension fingerprint), which
is measured by electrospray mass spectrometry.
66 te with patients' IgE for binding to Bet v 1
was measured by ELISA inhibition.
67 r p 1, Der p 2, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 8
was measured by ELISA.
68 Ang-2 and thrombin levels
were measured by ELISA and Western blotting, respectivel
69 2D3, and urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)
were measured by ELISA, and serum and urinary phosphate
70 Circulating BMP-9 levels
were measured by ELISA.
71 Serum levels
were measured by ELISA.
72 nd rabbits) or patients with schistosomiasis
were measured by ELISA.
73 the three RV species (RV-A, RV-B, and RV-C)
were measured by ELISA.
74 ic protein-1 (MCP-1) levels in culture media
were measured by ELISA.
75 ron (IFN)-gamma in cell culture supernatants
were measured by ELISA.
76 s culture supernatants of PLA-specific cells
were measured by ELISA.
77 ipants' acknowledgment of earned entitlement
was measured by engaging them in the behavioral experime
78 Histamine serum secretion
was measured by enzymatic immunoassay.
79 ry and the amount of TF in tumor homogenates
was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and co
80 Anti-CMV IgG
was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and C
81 suPAR
was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and e
82 Serum Klotho level
was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
83 Histamine and leptin levels
were measured by enzyme immunoassay.
84 dehyde levels as markers of oxidative stress
were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and s
85 Measles antibody titers
were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay befor
86 Cytokines, chemokines, and antibodies
were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow
87 dies to Borrelia burgdorferi or autoantigens
were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
88 Levels of biomarkers
were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
89 The cell deformability
is measured by evaluating the transit time when each ind
90 Atrophic lesion areas
were measured by FAF and CFP to assess lesion progressio
91 er stiffness (mean of means; in kilopascals)
was measured by five blinded reviewers.
92 (FOLR1) overexpressed in a cancer cell line
was measured by flow cytometry using a fluorescent imagi
93 ADCP activity
was measured by flow cytometry using uptake by THP-1 mon
94 Activation
was measured by flow cytometry, ELISA of cultured supern
95 on basophil activation and histamine release
was measured by flow cytometry.
96 Cell aggregation
was measured by flow cytometry.
97 (EROD) activity and qRT-PCR, and cell cycle
was measured by flow cytometry.
98 es, chemokines, and gene expression patterns
were measured by flow cytometry and quantitative polymer
99 CN54gp140 ELISA and antigen-specific B cells
were measured by flow cytometry at necropsy.
100 crosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2)+ Treg cells
were measured by flow cytometry in 76 deceased donor kid
101 uminex platform, T cell allogeneic responses
were measured by flow cytometry, and diapedesis was asse
102 Microparticles and immune cells in blood
were measured by flow cytometry, and plasma cytokine/gro
103 latelets, and activation of microglial cells
were measured by flow cytometry.
104 ctivity, and natural killer (NK) cell number
were measured by flow cytometry.
105 The biomolecule concentration
is measured by fluorescence and settles proportionally t
106 onformational analysis of tyrosinase with BA
was measured by fluorescence and circular dichroism spec
107 Two and 24 h after injection, the mice
were measured by FMT/CT and PET/MRI.
108 Caffeine, coffee, and tea intake
was measured by food-frequency questionnaires every 4 y,
109 Alcohol consumption and folate intake
were measured by food frequency questionnaire every 4 ye
110 Spread of neural excitation
was measured by forward-masked psychophysical tuning cur
111 In vitro antioxidant capacity
was measured by FRAP and DPPH assays.
112 eriod, hippocampal cerebral blood flow (CBF)
was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (f
113 Plasma phospholipid PUFAs
were measured by gas chromatography among 12,132 inciden
114 Fasting serum neuroactive steroids
were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
115 Symptoms
were measured by Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale I
116 Furan
was measured by GC-MS.
117 Discriminatory accuracy
was measured by generation of receiver operator curves a
118 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activity
were measured by Griess method and secretory alkaline ph
119 TCS
was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-t
120 Urine arsenic species
were measured by high performance liquid chromatography-
121 Concentrations of 28 fatty acids
were measured by high-resolution capillary gas-liquid ch
122 Cell death
was measured by Hoechst/propidium iodide staining and ac
123 Antioxidant metabolites
were measured by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS in mature fruits and the
124 creening and an adolescent validation cohort
were measured by IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assa
125 tection and Mie resonance dependent response
are measured by illuminating the fibre while connecting
126 and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF)
were measured by immunoassay at baseline and 12 months.
127 r of transcription 1 (STAT1) phosphorylation
was measured by immunoblots and confocal imaging.
128 on in CRC, AD, and NR from the same patients
was measured by immunohistochemistry using a tissue micr
129 ression of CDX2 and TCTP in gastric diseases
was measured by immunohistochemistry.
130 of total and activated (phosphorylated) JNK
were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blotti
131 Platelet aggregation
was measured by impedance aggregometry.
132 Glucocorticoid sensitivity
was measured by in vitro suppression of cytokine product
133 Household poverty
was measured by income-to-needs ratios.
134 Enzymatic activity
was measured by incubating active human liver subcellula
135 ed well with the leaf expansion process that
was measured by independent manual observations at Harva
136 xpenditure (DEE) during rest and cold stress
was measured by indirect calorimetry.
137 Plasma magnesium and hs-CRP
were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectro
138 Regional pulmonary perfusion
was measured by injection of (99m)Tc-macroaggregated alb
139 This can
be measured by instances of impoverishment, when a house
140 seful to the dissemination of mass standards
was measured by instrumental neutron activation analysis
141 fic T cells directed to CMV-IE1 and CMV-pp65
were measured by interferon-gamma Elispot assay.
142 f South African lambs from different regions
were measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS).
143 The quality of any alignment
is measured by its explanatory power-the amount of lossl
144 Gingival blood perfusion
was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF).
145 -insulator-metal (MIM) nanolaminate coatings
was measured by laser reflectometry.
146 Serum hs-CRP
was measured by latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay
147 tro using synthetic substrates, and activity
was measured by LC-MS/MS analysis.
148 ons (cortisone and 11-dehydrocorticosterone)
were measured by LC-MS/MS in maternal and cord plasma fr
149 Blood perfusion in the recipient site
was measured by LDF on the day of surgery and at 1, 2, 3
150 ASB, SSB, and water consumption
was measured by lifestyle questionnaires, and DM was sel
151 The 25(OH)D
was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectr
152 Serum 25(OH)D
was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectr
153 Resolvins D1, D2, D3, D5, E1 and 17-HDHA,
were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
154 OEA and PEA
were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spect
155 Activation of NF-kappaB in response to TNF
was measured by luciferase reporter assays; binding of t
156 cytokines in cell culture medium and in GCF
were measured by Luminex over a 2-week period.
157 Aquaporin-4-IgG
was measured by M1-isoform-fluorescent-activated-cell-so
158 Tumor growth
was measured by magnetic resonance imaging and other met
159 Quadriceps cross-sectional area
was measured by magnetic resonance imaging.
160 Left ventricular (LV) parameters
were measured by magnetic resonance imaging.
161 r being reduced and permethylated, N-glycans
were measured by MALDI mass spectrometry.
162 Fasting plasma TMAO
was measured by mass spectrometry.
163 f individual semiconductor quantum dots have
been measured by means of scanning tunneling microscopy
164 see text] plane of underdoped YBCO crystals
is measured by means of a local optical technique in the
165 Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity
were measured by means of diffusion-tensor imaging in th
166 ood mononuclear cell-derived IL-1beta levels
were measured by means of ELISA.
167 Antibodies to H5 and H7
were measured by means of hemagglutination inhibition an
168 Photofragmentation of these complexes
is measured by merging a tunable narrow-bandwidth laser
169 Substrate peroxidation
is measured by microamperage-level current accompanying
170 Gene expression
was measured by microarray and was confirmed by real-tim
171 Gene expression in purified B cells
was measured by microarray.
172 In these experiments, the cortical LFP
is measured by multielectrodes covering several cortical
173 tes and types of modifications in hemoglobin
were measured by nanoflow liquid chromatography-nanospra
174 Graft function
was measured by nonfasting blood glucose and glucose tol
175 The MPI function
was measured by obtaining adaptive detection thresholds
176 assays where only one aspect of toxicity can
be measured by one assay type.
177 Recently, novel anatomic parameters that can
be measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), have
178 the surrogates to treatment with paclitaxel
was measured by optical imaging and by analysis of lacta
179 Antioxidant capacity
was measured by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC
180 (IDSA) recommended that anti-infective costs
be measured by patient-level administration data normali
181 Fitness
was measured by peak oxygen consumption, percentage of b
182 Test-retest variability
was measured by percentage difference (PD), the absolute
183 The oil oxidation
was measured by peroxide index.
184 activation, and that BAT volume in mice can
be measured by PET-CT with a radiolabeled anti-PD-L1 ant
185 Quantitative flow
was measured by phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiog
186 and serum and urinary phosphate and calcium
were measured by photometry in gsk3(KI) and gsk3(WT) mic
187 Ligand-mediated receptor assembly
was measured by photon transfer from the photon donor to
188 traits that may interrelate yield components
are measured by principal components analysis of contour
189 Behavioral costs
were measured by prolonged reaction times (RT) in sustai
190 Adherence
was measured by proportion of days covered (PDC) during
191 gerprints of South African lamb meat and fat
were measured by proton-transfer mass spectrometry (PTR-
192 echanism, apoptotic and inflammatory factors
were measured by qPCR, ELISA, and Western blotting.
193 ll activation and class switch recombination
was measured by qRT-PCR.
194 Vessel plaque volume
was measured by quantitative intravascular ultrasound.
195 ned by ELISA and ELISpot, Cyp27b1 expression
was measured by quantitative PCR.
196 The relative abundance of 16S rRNA genes
was measured by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction a
197 We estimated the associations of TL, which
was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction u
198 LTL
was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
199 Protein levels
were measured by quantitative immunofluorescence and qua
200 Senescence and fibrosis
were measured by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemist
201 Fecal methanogens
were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
202 yzed by immunohistochemistry and mRNA levels
were measured by quantitative reverse transcription poly
203 Blood pressure
was measured by radiotelemetry.
204 All roots
were measured by Raman spectroscopy.
205 obic (alpha-tocopherol and BHT) antioxidants
were measured by reaction with a series of 4-alkanoyloxy
206 n into the DNA and islet Reg gene expression
was measured by real time PCR.
207 Expression of IDO gene
was measured by real-time PCR.
208 e mRNA expression of the histamine receptors
was measured by real-time PCR.
209 PD-L1, PD-L2, TGF-beta, IL-5, and IL-10 mRNA
was measured by real-time quantitative PCR on tissue hom
210 ression levels of the three susceptible loci
were measured by real-time PCR after the stimulation by
211 NA and DNA from 7 human herpesviruses (HHVs)
were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
212 F in cultured BMSCs at different time points
were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
213 Ang-2 gene expression
was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain r
214 Plasma miRNA levels
were measured by reverse-transcription quantitative poly
215 Malat1 and apoptotic or inflammatory factors
was measured by RNA immunoprecipitation.
216 approximately 0.1 nM to approximately 10 muM
were measured by sampling a high-dimensional concentrati
217 The corresponding WF change
is measured by scanning Kelvin probe microscopy.
218 Lexical and conceptual activation
is measured by semantic priming.
219 The extent of HBsAg amino acid variability
was measured by Shannon entropy.
220 Self-rated health and functional capacity
was measured by single global questions.
221 ensitization and food-allergic sensitization
were measured by skin prick tests, and physician-diagnos
222 ntified by the radius of gyration (RG ), can
be measured by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
223 Trabecular bone score
was measured by specific software on the dual-energy x-r
224 f superoxide anion produced by NADPH oxidase
was measured by spectrophotometry through WST-1 reductio
225 when forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)
was measured by spirometry.
226 olae integrity in the presence of Cav-1-F92A
was measured by stabilization of caveolin-2, sucrose gra
227 Osmotic water permeability
was measured by stopped-flow light scattering in human a
228 Corrected QT interval
was measured by surface ECG.
229 The AC
was measured by TEAC and FRAP.
230 This can
be measured by the percentage of people in households wh
231 Primary metabolism can
be measured by the universally conserved TOR (Target of
232 the OPA and TNBS methods, with lower levels
being measured by the TNBS method than by the OPA method
233 The strength of such collective fluctuations
is measured by the associated susceptibility.
234 When the biological signal
is measured by the average expression of a biomarker, st
235 r a complex network toward any desired state
is measured by the minimum number of required driver nod
236 HRQoL
was measured by the 36-item short-form health survey que
237 Crosstalk
was measured by the ability of one morphogenic pathway t
238 The sensor response
was measured by the change in the BP's electrical resist
239 Economic opportunity
was measured by the county-averaged national income rank
240 Child intelligence
was measured by the General Cognitive Index (GCI) of the
241 Insulin sensitivity
was measured by the homeostatic model assessment of insu
242 Cognition
was measured by the Letter Number Span test and scales f
243 A 52-gene signature
was measured by the nCounter analysis system in four coh
244 The degree of stenosis
was measured by the North American Symptomatic Carotid E
245 Social life
was measured by the number of friends and close relative
246 Functional outcome
was measured by the Role Functioning Scale.
247 letter scores, and diabetic retinopathy (DR)
was measured by the standardized ETDRS severity scale (u
248 onmentally Friendly Vehicle) emission levels
were measured by the chasing method under real-world con
249 Serum levels of CRP
were measured by the nephelometric method.
250 Negative symptoms
were measured by the Scale for the Assessment of Negativ
251 ns at 9 different gaze positions of each eye
were measured by the strabismus video goggles and the He
252 Central foveal thickness
was measured by time-domain optical coherence tomography
253 dhood multimorbidity scores (ages 7-9 years)
were measured by total impairments in 4 domains known to
254 food from a microcapillary, and consumption
is measured by tracking the liquid meniscus over time.
255 BP
was measured by trained staff using standardized methods
256 Permeability changes
were measured by transepithelial electrical resistance.
257 ace profile and film thickness of each layer
were measured by two different techniques of a stylus pr
258 FeNO values (FENOb and FENOv)
were measured by two methods (NObreath((R)) and NIOX Ver
259 ADCs
were measured by two radiologists using three circular R
260 Tacrolimus PK
was measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatography c
261 Corneal thickness also
was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry.
262 Preoperative AL
was measured by ultrasound biometry and SRK/T formula wa
263 DRA-mediated exchange of Cl(-) for HCO3(-)
was measured by uptake of (125)I.
264 Mucosal barrier function
was measured by uptake of fluorescent dextran.
265 irst, differences in chemical exchange rates
are measured by use of an unstructured reporter peptide,
266 Participants' dopamine synthesis capacity
was measured by using [(18)F]DOPA PET.
267 The mixing property of dough
was measured by using a DoughLAB.
268 mRNA and lncRNA expression
was measured by using a microarray and quantitative real
269 The spin polarization
was measured by using a modified Hall effect device.
270 FES binding
was measured by using an in vitro cell uptake assay.
271 cell cycle phases on P. gingivalis invasion
was measured by using antibiotic protection assays and f
272 The LSN score
was measured by using CT images and quantitative softwar
273 Cytokine production
was measured by using ELISA, and real-time quantitative
274 Activation of the prekallikrein-HK complex
was measured by using pro-phe-arg-p-nitroanilide reflect
275 mtDNA damage
was measured by using quantitative PCR and apoptosis via
276 Confirmatory gene expression
was measured by using quantitative RT-PCR.
277 Intracellular glucose flux
was measured by using stable isotope tracing of glycolyt
278 MRD
was measured by using standardized real-time quantitativ
279 Patient satisfaction
was measured by using the decisional conflict scale.
280 ses over the 4-wk intervention period, which
was measured by using the Food Standards Australia New Z
281 Whole-genome methylation of DNA from WBCs
was measured by using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethyla
282 Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation
was measured by using the luciferase assay in 293T cells
283 rgy, dielectric properties of almond kernels
were measured by using an open-ended coaxial-line probe
284 phocytes, and monocytes) in peripheral blood
were measured by using Coulter Counter techniques.
285 ntion, whole-body and appendicular lean mass
were measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
286 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 [VCAM-1])
were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
287 Viability and cell cycle kinetics
were measured by using flow cytometry.
288 Cytotoxic responses of T-cell subsets
were measured by using flow cytometry.
289 nosed asthma and their nonasthmatic siblings
were measured by using Illumina 450K arrays.
290 ) in dust vacuumed from nearly 7000 bedrooms
were measured by using immunoassays.
291 otal and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) levels
were measured by using ImmunoCAP.
292 Gadolinium levels
were measured by using inductively coupled plasma mass s
293 Weight, height, and head circumference
were measured by using standard methods.
294 ion, cytokine secretion, and antibody titers
were measured by using standard techniques.
295 nsitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy
were measured by using the free-response receiver operat
296 Total IgE levels
were measured by using the UniCAP 100 system.
297 (MVPA), screen viewing, sleep, and homework
was measured by validated questionnaires.
298 in diameter of the selected gingival venule
were measured by vital microscopy combined with digital
299 Inhibition of intracellular signaling
was measured by Western blot analysis of treated and unt
300 ressurized microflow system, and the current
was measured by whole-cell patch clamp.