1 th a lower potency than ACTH, alpha-MSH, and beta-MSH.

2 ve mutants of ETA were incapable of cleaving beta-MSH.

3  food intake: alpha-MSH 6 nmol, 1.7+/-0.3 g; beta-MSH 6 nmol, 1.5+/-0.3 g vs. saline 6.0+/-0.5 g, P<0

4                         These data implicate beta-MSH and beta-endorphin as important in determining

5 tion of beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) and beta-endorphin but not alpha-MSH; humans,

6 between beta melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) and beta-endorphin.

7 renocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), alpha-MSH, beta-MSH, and beta-endorphin by immunoassay.

8  with the mutant POMC cDNA produced a mutant beta-MSH/beta-endorphin fusion protein.

9 hown that alpha-MSH, desacetyl-alpha-MSH and beta-MSH bound to the MC3-R and MC4-R with similar affin

10 d human beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone (beta-MSH)-derived peptides were optimized for in vitro m

11 mans, similar to dogs, produce alpha-MSH and beta-MSH from the POMC propeptide, but rodents produce o

12 ity using the endogenous agonists alpha-MSH, beta-MSH, gamma2-MSH, ACTH(1-24), the antagonist hAGRP(8

13                                alpha-MSH and beta-MSH injected ICV into fasted rats at doses of 1, 3

14                                          CSF beta-MSH is increased and CSF beta-endorphin decreased i

15 peptide beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) is cleaved by ETA and that both ETA and ETB ar

16 terminal end with the C-terminal fragment of beta-MSH (Pro-Pro-Lys-Asp).

17                       In vitro, we show that beta-MSH signals comparably to alpha-MSH at melanocortin

18       The ratio of the sum of CSF alpha- and beta-MSH to CSF beta-endorphin was highest, intermediate

19 tingly, at the N97D, L106P, and C271Y hMC4Rs beta-MSH was more potent than the other endogenous agoni

20                                          CSF beta-MSH was significantly higher in painful than nonpai