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   1 l health benefits besides the soluble fibre (beta-glucan).                                           
     2 hased aqueous food system containing oil and beta-glucan.                                            
     3 ies of the concentrate containing 31% of oat beta-glucan.                                            
     4 ish the industrial application of acetylated beta-glucan.                                            
     5 arley flour and by 19.9%, 27.4% and 44.8% by beta-glucan.                                            
     6  flour but was not significantly affected by beta-glucan.                                            
     7 inked glucose units when compared with yeast beta-glucan.                                            
     8 mented with either wheat arabinoxylan or oat beta-glucan.                                            
     9 g) can be recommended as the best sources of beta-glucan.                                            
    10 ted the growth of B. thetaiotaomicron on 1,6-beta-glucan.                                            
    11 ood product containing soluble dietary fibre beta-glucan.                                            
    12 ciated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including beta-glucan.                                            
    13  mixture of trophic forms and cysts, or with beta-glucan.                                            
    14  NETosis early after binding fibronectin and beta-glucan.                                            
    15 odate the hook-like structure adopted by 1,6-beta-glucan.                                            
    16  and cell wall polysaccharide, mixed-linkage beta-glucan.                                            
    17 otential interaction between the protein and beta-glucan.                                            
    18 the hydroxyl radical mediated degradation of beta-glucan.                                            
    19 nd this related with a faster degradation of beta-glucan.                                            
    20 ifferent behaviors between mannoproteins and beta-glucans.                                           
    21 edicted to target mixed linked plant 1,3;1,4-beta-glucans.                                           
    22 due to their bioactive compounds, especially beta-glucans.                                           
    23 that this method is efficient for extracting beta-glucans.                                           
    24 tical for IL-1beta production in response to beta-glucans.                                           
    25 tform to target the side chains of decorated beta-glucans.                                           
    26 able to metabolize alpha-glucans rather than beta-glucans.                                           
    27  beta-glucosidase that targets primarily 1,6-beta-glucans.                                           
    28  hydrolase family 3 (GH3) members on diverse beta-glucans.                                           
    29 ly reflecting the pro-inflammatory cell wall beta-glucans.                                           
    30  coli, was active on a variety of xylans and beta-glucans.                                           
    31 ontaining barley flour (28%, 56% and 84%) or beta-glucan (1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5%) and their effect on st
    32 iva) is an excellent source of mixed linkage beta-glucans ((1-->3)(1-->4)-beta-D-glucan), a dietary f
    33 ) displayed 7.5-30.8% higher levels of total beta-glucan, 39.8-68.6% higher arabinoxylan content, 11.
  
  
    36 ause some mediate the synthesis of (1,3;1,4)-beta-glucan, a polysaccharide characteristic of the evol
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    44  sensitization and can be reconstituted with beta-glucan and abrogated by neutralization of IL-17A.  
  
  
    47 ural motifs at the cleavage sites of starch, beta-glucan and arabinoxylan fragments were identified, 
    48 ates and released NETs in response to fungal beta-glucan and Candida albicans hyphae when presented w
    49 estingly, loss of PerA increases exposure of beta-glucan and chitin content on the hyphal cell surfac
    50 lysaccharides of the fungal wall include 1,3-beta-glucan and chitin, which are synthesized by membran
  
  
    53 rated in the starchy endosperm (e.g. starch, beta-glucan and fructan) and the dietary fibre component
    54 the hydroxyl radical-mediated degradation of beta-glucan and identified the intermediate species invo
  
  
    57 a signaling pattern recognition receptor for beta-glucan and represent the first direct evidence of s
    58 site flours contained up to three-times more beta-glucan and significantly more total phenolics inclu
    59 slowly digestible starch (SDS) and insoluble beta-glucan and total arabinoxylan content was observed.
    60 ed the effectiveness of barley mixed linkage beta-glucan and wheat arabinoxylan in retarding the tran
    61 charides (xyloglucan, mannans, mixed-linkage beta-glucan and xylans); however, no transglycanases wer
  
    63 ins encoded by PUL1,6-beta-glucan target 1,6-beta-glucans and comprise a surface glycan-binding prote
  
  
    66 ced by surface exposure of immunostimulatory beta-glucans and was mediated by activation of the Decti
    67 o utilize certain hemicelluloses, especially beta-glucans and xyloglucan, for growth that was confirm
  
  
    70 e canonical NLRP3 inflammasome, in mediating beta-glucan- and C. albicans-induced innate responses in
  
    72    Wall proteins, galactomannan, chitin, and beta-glucan are not the relevant hyphal components; inst
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    83 res have a high beta-glucan content, but the beta-glucans are not available on the surface of live sp
    84 ontributor to the development of asthma, and beta-glucans are often used as a surrogate for mold expo
  
  
    87 ough at least two mechanisms: concealment of beta-glucans beneath alpha-glucans and enzymatic removal
  
    89 usly unidentified CBM families that targeted beta-glucans, beta-mannans, and the pectic polysaccharid
  
    91 present the first direct evidence of soluble beta-glucan binding and affecting a signaling-competent 
    92 odel system to study molecular regulation of beta-glucan biosynthesis as well as possible links betwe
  
    94 ulosolvens endoglucanase, bind to a range of beta-glucans but, uniquely, display significant preferen
    95 istoplasma capsulatum minimizes detection of beta-glucan by host cells through at least two mechanism
    96 fungal pathogen-associated molecular pattern beta-glucan by human neutrophils causes rapid (</= 30 mi
  
    98 and in contrast to other CBMs that recognize beta-glucans, CBM65A utilizes different polar residues t
  
  
  
   102  mechanism triggered by the fungal mimic and beta-glucan-containing stimulus zymosan, which produces 
   103 ponent or control vaccine confirmed that the beta-glucan-containing vaccine exerted its enhanced acti
  
  
  
   107 ation process gave a better yield and higher beta-glucan content than did traditional isolation metho
   108 dosporium cladosporioides spores have a high beta-glucan content, but the beta-glucans are not availa
  
  
  
  
  
   114  (up to 105% and 65%), whereas incorporating beta-glucan decreased the PV and FV by 20.3% and 20.6%, 
   115   However, the presence of ovotransferrin in beta-glucan decreased the viscosity of the solution, whi
  
  
   118  peroxide value and hexanal production while beta-glucan degradation was evaluated by viscosity and m
   119 rocessing methods, glycopeptide-enriched and beta-glucan-depleted products were each prepared from Br
   120 l role of the endo-1,6-beta-glucanase in 1,6-beta-glucan depolymerization by deleting bt3312, which p
   121 donor substrates (cellulose or mixed-linkage beta-glucan) differ qualitatively from its acceptor subs
   122  vitamins and minerals, fruit polyphenolics, beta-glucan, docosahexaenoic acid) appropriate for decon
  
   124  microscopy to explore the fine structure of beta-glucan exposed on C. albicans cell walls before and
  
  
  
   128 ated CpG motifs, found in bacterial DNA, and beta-glucans, found in the cell wall of fungi, both indu
  
  
  
  
  
   134  results showed that each extraction step of beta-glucan had a significant effects on its chemical pr
  
  
  
   138  potential of curdlan, a naturally occurring beta-glucan immunomodulator, against visceral leishmania
   139 ipid oxidation may induce the degradation of beta-glucan in aqueous food systems where beta-glucan an
  
   141 able one to obtain interesting parameters of beta-glucan in beer wort, such as the molecular weight a
   142 at by controlling the structural features of beta-glucan in mixtures with sodium caseinate, informed 
   143 gnificant fibre fractions in rye flakes, and beta-glucan in oat flakes, cellulose and resistant starc
  
  
  
  
   148 rminations of all glucans, alpha-glucans and beta-glucans in 39 mushrooms species were performed, lea
   149  was developed to determine and characterize beta-glucans in beer wort using size exclusion chromatog
   150 o determine whether altering the exposure of beta-glucans in C cladosporioides through heat killing c
  
   152 ies support a significant role for cell wall beta-glucans in stimulating inflammatory responses.     
   153 r dietary fibre components, arabinoxylan and beta-glucan, in semolina and wholemeal flour of old and 
   154  acts both on cellulose and on non-cellulose beta-glucans, including cellodextrins and xyloglucan.   
   155 microscopy were characteristic of commercial beta-glucans, indicating that this method is efficient f
   156 d the hydroxyl radical driven-degradation of beta-glucan induced by iron(II) or ascorbic acid/iron(II
   157 t time investigated oxidative degradation of beta-glucan induced by lipid oxidation using an oil-in-w
   158 proapoptotic protease caspase-8 in promoting beta-glucan-induced cell death and NLRP3 inflammasome-de
   159 dectin-1 play a crucial role in coordinating beta-glucan-induced IL-1beta processing as well as a cel
  
   161 by the Dectin-1 receptor, but the effects of beta-glucan-induced type I IFNs have not been defined.  
  
  
   164 starch retrogradation index, indicating that beta-glucan is associated with starch retrogradation.   
   165 ron bgsBA required for production of this ML beta-glucan is conserved among several genera within the
   166 rently a pharmaceutical grade preparation of beta-glucan is in several clinical trials with an anti-c
  
   168 e innate immune response induced by low-dose beta-glucan is regulatory in nature and can be exploited
  
  
   171 tilization of yeast and fungal cell wall 1,6-beta-glucans is a widespread adaptation within the human
  
  
   174 es C of mixtures of sodium caseinate and oat beta-glucan isolates varying in molecular weight (MW) wa
  
   176 ines and identified ten lines that displayed beta-glucan levels above 6.7% and 10 below 3.6%.The extr
  
  
  
  
  
   182 these data indicate that molecules targeting beta-glucan may provide a mechanism for treatment of fun
   183 d that the physical presentation geometry of beta-glucan might determine whether it can be recognized
  
  
  
   187 linkage (1 --> 3)(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucan (ML beta-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but r
  
  
   190 tal, insoluble and soluble dietary fiber and beta-glucans of sorghum flour samples were all negativel
  
   192 al epithelial cell PRR that binds to exposed beta-glucans on the surface of the fungal pathogen Candi
   193 C cladosporioides spores effectively exposed beta-glucans on the surface of the spores and increased 
   194 ector functions in response to either fungal beta-glucan or C. albicans hyphae and fibronectin, with 
  
  
  
   198 lorimetry provided evidence for existence of beta-glucan ordered domains in the mixed gel structures 
  
  
  
  
   203  adjuvant aqueous formulation) and Dectin-1 (beta-glucan peptide) acted synergistically in newborns a
   204 romoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, beta-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bra
   205 rface proteins in Pneumocystis and what role beta-glucans play in Pneumocystis-associated inflammatio
   206 , the innate immune receptor that recognizes beta-glucan, plays an important role in immunity against
   207    Furthermore, systemic coadministration of beta-glucan plus pancreatic beta cell Ag resulted in an 
   208 gal attack is deposition of callose, a (1,3)-beta-glucan polymer, in the form of cell wall thickening
   209 hich suggests co-synthesis of chitin and 1,3-beta-glucan polysaccharides at sites of exocytosis.     
   210 glucans and enzymatic removal of any exposed beta-glucan polysaccharides by the secreted glucanase En
  
  
  
   214 roscopy was investigated to characterise the beta-glucan profiles of several commercial health supple
   215 PS matrix structure, while fungal mannan and beta-glucan provide sites for GtfB binding and activity.
  
  
   218 The degree of substitution of the acetylated beta-glucans ranged from 0.03 to 0.12, suitable for use 
   219  is dependent on the surface availability of beta-glucans rather than the total beta-glucan content. 
   220  shown that lung responses generated via the beta-glucan receptor Dectin-1 are required for lung defe
  
  
  
  
   225  albicans hyphae was also found to depend on beta-glucan recognition by complement receptor 3, requir
   226 d -deficient mice to investigate the role of beta-glucan recognition in the immunity against pulmonar
  
   228 hese findings establish a novel link between beta-glucan recognition receptors and the inflammatory p
   229 0 and C-trim30, which have about 20% and 30% beta-glucan, respectively, exhibited more fluid-like beh
   230 nd C-trim95, which contain about 50% and 95% beta-glucan, respectively, showed solid viscoelastic pro
  
   232 atment of prediabetic NOD mice with low-dose beta-glucan resulted in a profound delay in hyperglycemi
  
   234 NMR studies with xyloglucans, i.e., branched beta-glucans, showed an extended binding surface compare
   235 rams indicated that the compatibility of the beta-glucan/sodium caseinate system increases as beta-gl
  
   237   This report reveals the mechanism by which beta-glucan-specific CBMs can distinguish between linear
   238 study demonstrated that bacterial and fungal beta-glucans stimulate IFN-beta production by dendritic 
   239 eotide (CpG), and study the participation of beta-glucan-stimulated B cells in the innate immune resp
   240 ver, we observed that conditioned media from beta-glucan-stimulated B lymphocytes elicited neutrophil
   241  pathway via TLR9 receptor to induced MMP-7, beta-glucan-stimulated cells were mTOR-independent and u
   242  and IFN-gamma and granzyme B production) by beta-glucan-stimulated DCs in vitro and in vivo due to a
  
  
   245 ms and cytokine profiles generated following beta-glucan stimulation of B lymphocytes, compared with 
   246  viscosity associated with a high content of beta-glucan suggests that they are good sources of fibre
  
   248  which human neutrophils first detect nearby beta-glucan surfaces as c/j0 approximately 0.0044 s/mum.
   249  less Sid2p/Mob1p and Clp1p phosphatase, and beta-glucan synthase Bgs1p accumulated slowly at the cle
   250 s to involve allosteric activation of the ML beta-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-t
  
   252  U. maydis class VII chitin synthase and 1,3-beta-glucan synthase travel in Mcs1-containing vesicles,
  
   254 ry unit tightly controlling proper levels of beta-glucan synthesis in asexual and sexual spores.     
  
  
  
  
  
  
   261 d the transcription of the Pneumocystis gsc1 beta-glucan synthetase, confirming the activity of a Pc 
   262 The non-catalytic proteins encoded by PUL1,6-beta-glucan target 1,6-beta-glucans and comprise a surfa
  
  
   265 dy reveals that EphA2 functions as a PRR for beta-glucans that senses epithelial cell fungal burden a
   266 al Bacteroides species contain a PUL, PUL1,6-beta-glucan, that was predicted to target mixed linked p
   267 ation and the higher the molecular weight of beta-glucan, the weaker the gelling ability of the mixed
  
   269 , we sought to determine the contribution of beta-glucans to C. albicans-induced inflammasome respons
   270 responsible for removal of exposed cell wall beta-glucans to minimize host detection of Histoplasma y
   271 which is active toward cellulose and soluble beta-glucans, to study the enzyme-substrate interaction 
   272 d Spain) were analysed for their contents of beta-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bou
   273 tracts or particular oat components, such as beta-glucans, tocols (vitamin E), or avenanthramides.   
   274 h the Candida albicans cell wall constituent beta-glucan, together with a genome-wide transcriptome, 
   275 B presented the highest protein, lipid, ash, beta-glucan, total and insoluble dietary fiber contents;
  
  
  
  
  
  
   282 ch correlated positively with the content of beta-glucans (up to R=0.77) and arabinoxylans (up to R=0
  
  
  
   286 ins and a YPE, a mannoprotein fraction and a beta-glucan were monitored by binding experiments, ITC a
   287  content and composition of arabinoxylan and beta-glucan were more stable in the older than in the mo
  
  
   290 -glucan mutant barley, mother barley and oat beta-glucans were large-scale extracted by comparable pr
  
   292 fect on the ascorbate induced degradation of beta-glucan, whereas ovotransferrin completely inhibited
   293  product composed principally of particulate beta-glucans, whereas inflammation in transgenic and wil
   294 e D-CAR(+) T cells exhibited specificity for beta-glucan which led to damage and inhibition of hyphal
   295 e but targets a fungal cell wall glycan, 1,6-beta-glucan, which is a growth substrate for the bacteri
   296 to water avoidance stress were given soluble beta-glucans, which antagonize C-type lectin domain fami
  
   298 industry, even though it is a main source of beta-glucans, which have important health benefits and a
  
   300 table cellulose-xyloglucan and mixed-linkage beta-glucan-xyloglucan covalent bonds, and may therefore
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