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1 ines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and beta interferon.
2 he expression of type I interferons, such as beta interferon.
3 contributes to HCMV-triggered expression of beta interferon.
4 -12) p40, IL-6, IL-10, cyclooxygenase-2, and beta interferon.
5 dary production of gamma interferon or alpha/beta interferon.
6 uding the induction of and response to alpha/beta interferon.
7 h increased cell death or induction of alpha/beta interferons.
8 at are known to be strongly induced by alpha/beta interferons.
9 robust antiviral response when provided with beta interferon, a molecule that strongly stimulates inn
10 CRV), all NPs tested inhibited activation of beta interferon and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-
12 tion because of their impaired expression of beta interferon and the induction of immunity-related GT
13 ic antiviral protection mediated by an alpha/beta interferon and, later, a specific immune response.
17 alovirus (HCMV) gene expression on cytokine (beta interferon) and chemokine (RANTES, MIG, MCP-2, MIP-
18 levels of TMEV, tumor necrosis factor alpha, beta interferon, and interleukin-6 were consistently hig
19 ssion, including production of type I (alpha/beta) interferons, and are thus very susceptible to vira
20 tory tract and have suggested that alpha and beta interferons are the first cytokines recruited to co
23 response, including the production of alpha/beta interferon, cytokines, and other proteins that rest
24 in HeLa cells after 13 passages in the alpha/beta interferon-deficient human glial cell line U118 MG.
26 V strains, the sensitivities to murine alpha/beta interferon did not differ appreciably between these
27 d growth in Vero cells pretreated with alpha/beta interferon, displaying an interferon-resistant phen
28 Using this model, no association between beta-interferon exposure and the hazard of disability pr
29 a (Long-Term Benefits and Adverse Effects of Beta-Interferon for Multiple Sclerosis (BeAMS) Study, 19
30 cers of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and interleukin 10
31 efore and after treatment with interleukin-1 beta, interferon gamma, and tumor necrosis factor a, cyt
32 lammatory mediators (IL-12/IL-23, interferon beta, interferon gamma, CD40L) and platelet markers.
33 naling, including transforming growth factor beta, interferon gamma, insulin-like growth factor I rec
34 associated decrease in tumor necrosis factor-beta, interferon-gamma, and monocyte chemoattractant pro
35 g production of cytokines such as interferon-beta, interferon-gamma, and stimulating dendritic cells
36 ted cells that includes transcription of the beta interferon gene via activation of interferon regula
37 r 3 (IRF3), a transcription factor for alpha/beta interferon genes, and promotes its proteasomal degr
38 y a critical role in the activation of alpha/beta interferon (IFN) genes, HHV-8 has evolved a mechani
39 ARS-CoV-WT infection, induced high levels of beta interferon (IFN) mRNA accumulation and high titers
41 the autocrine and paracrine actions of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) (type I), IFN-gamma (ty
42 V3000, we examined the involvement of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) activity in VEE pathoge
43 hepatic induction of cytokines such as alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) and gamma interferon (I
47 h host innate immunity by inactivating alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) and IFN-gamma signaling
48 (MARV) VP40 matrix protein antagonizes alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) and IFN-gamma signaling
50 nfection blocks cellular production of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) and the ability of cell
51 a A virus NS1 protein, a virus-encoded alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) antagonist, appears to
52 l protein NS1 of influenza virus is an alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) antagonist, both in vit
57 tein is the inhibition of synthesis of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) during viral infection.
58 I, initiating downstream signaling and alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) expression that establi
60 NSs protein occurred in cells lacking alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) genes, indicating that
61 (NS1 and NS2) inhibit the induction of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) in A549 cells and human
62 r involved in the activation of type I alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) in response to viral in
65 dames strain inhibits the induction of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) in vivo and in vitro an
68 y during infection correlated with the alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) peak, and the IFN induc
71 ver, in the cells having no defects in alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) production and signalin
72 id dendritic cells (pDCs) triggers pDC alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) production in a Toll-li
73 le-stranded RNA (dsRNA), inhibits host alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) production, and is an e
75 ystem (CNS), little is known about how alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) protects against periph
77 virus infection and signal through the alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) receptor (IFNAR) to ind
79 n leukocyte antigens (HLA) lacking the alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) receptor to study respo
81 mice and immune-deficient mice lacking alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) receptors (IFNAR(-)/(-)
86 tein that inhibits RIG-I signaling and alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) responses by both dsRNA
88 is an inhibitor of RIG-I signaling and alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) responses, has been imp
90 onses, especially those related to the alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) signaling pathways and
91 degradation of STAT1 and the block in alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) signaling that occurs a
94 immune response, and in particular the alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) system, plays a critica
95 ine BMDCs by microarray suggested that alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) transcripts and numerou
98 te immune response elements, including alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta), immunoglobulin M, gamm
99 s (cpBVDV) results in the induction of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta), whereas noncytopathoge
100 was previously demonstrated to inhibit alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta)- and IFN-gamma-induced
102 largely determined by the efficacy of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta)-mediated antiviral resp
103 e responses to infection by inhibiting alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta)-mediated JAK-STAT signa
104 compared the genetic, pathogenic, and alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta)-regulatory properties o
115 (wild-type [WT]) mice and mice deficient in beta interferon (IFN-beta) (BKO), antibody (muMT), IFN-g
116 receptor domain-containing adaptor-inducing beta interferon (IFN-beta) (TRIF) is critical in inducin
117 orted that HCMV attenuates the expression of beta interferon (IFN-beta) and a number of proinflammato
118 express LAT or AL gene products (dLAT2903), beta interferon (IFN-beta) and IFN-alpha RNA expression
119 ned that the extent of reovirus induction of beta interferon (IFN-beta) and IFN-beta-mediated protect
120 cells by restricting the early induction of beta interferon (IFN-beta) and interferon-stimulated gen
122 ytokines involved in innate immunity such as beta interferon (IFN-beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
123 nal domains have similar effects on both the beta interferon (IFN-beta) and LMP1 promoters in BJAB an
124 onstrated that WNV induced the expression of beta interferon (IFN-beta) and several IFN-stimulated ge
127 CD95-mediated nonapoptotic signaling induced beta interferon (IFN-beta) expression and correlatively
129 n hepatoma cells inhibited poly(I.C)-induced beta interferon (IFN-beta) expression and that the HEV o
130 e viral gene 5 product, NSP1, can antagonize beta interferon (IFN-beta) expression by inducing the de
133 an cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gene expression on beta interferon (IFN-beta) expression was examined.
134 as reduced by NSC95397 in favor of increased beta interferon (IFN-beta) expression, and NSC95397 was
143 also secreted the immunomodulatory cytokine beta interferon (IFN-beta) in a largely MyD88-independen
144 ys a key role in preventing the induction of beta interferon (IFN-beta) in virus-infected cells.
145 IG-I, KSHV transcription is increased, while beta interferon (IFN-beta) induction is attenuated.
149 C to the virus and show a rapid induction of beta interferon (IFN-beta) mRNA but not IFN-alpha mRNA.
154 izing antibodies, we further determined that beta interferon (IFN-beta) production and secretion are
155 I West Nile virus (WNV) strain Eg101 induced beta interferon (IFN-beta) production as early as 12 h a
156 the host innate defense by interfering with beta interferon (IFN-beta) production in response to dif
158 ee distinct mechanisms: it directly inhibits beta interferon (IFN-beta) promoter activity, it promote
160 proteins also block virus activation of the beta interferon (IFN-beta) promoter and the IFN regulato
161 n was found to inhibit the activation of the beta interferon (IFN-beta) promoter induced by viral inf
162 om the simian virus 40 promoter and from the beta interferon (IFN-beta) promoter, while M proteins of
166 , but not ANDV, was found to induce a robust beta interferon (IFN-beta) response early after infectio
171 navirus infection induces expression of both beta interferon (IFN-beta) RNA and protein in the infect
172 ian rhesus rotavirus (RRV) robustly triggers beta interferon (IFN-beta) secretion, resulting in an IF
173 levels of the downstream antiviral cytokine beta interferon (IFN-beta) than does wild-type virus des
174 3, an important transcriptional regulator in beta interferon (IFN-beta) transcription, fails to effec
179 All three proteins inhibit the expression of beta interferon (IFN-beta), and further examination reve
181 Consistent with this finding, RSV-induced beta interferon (IFN-beta), interferon-inducible protein
182 aE3L mutant virus triggers the production of beta interferon (IFN-beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CCL4,
183 3alpha), and the MyD88-independent molecules beta interferon (IFN-beta), nitric oxide, and IFN-gamma-
184 tory transcription factors (IRF-3 or IRF-7), beta interferon (IFN-beta), or the receptor for type I I
185 production of type I interferons, including beta interferon (IFN-beta), which, surprisingly, promote
187 nfection can overcome the establishment of a beta interferon (IFN-beta)-induced antiviral state in pr
195 r adventitial fibroblasts (BRAFs), levels of beta interferon (IFN-beta,) STAT1, and STAT2 transcripts
197 been reported to be a poor inducer of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) and partially resistan
198 , which is essential for production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) and upregulates expres
205 BV X protein and apparently due to alpha and beta interferons (IFN-alpha/beta), as the effects could
211 ealed a conundrum: reovirus T3D induces more beta-interferon (IFN-beta) mRNA in cardiac myocytes, yet
212 (LCMV) induces type I interferon (alpha and beta interferon [IFN-alpha and IFN-beta]) upon infection
215 sly, we showed that type I interferon (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-alpha/beta]) can inhibit foot-and-m
216 d the expression of type I interferon (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-alpha/beta]) in mouse oligodendrocy
217 ferentially induce type I interferons (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-alpha/beta]) in myeloid dendritic c
218 ated the role that type I interferons (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-alpha/beta]) might play in H5N1 pat
220 ice deficient in receptors for type I (alpha/beta interferon [IFN-alpha/beta]), type II (IFN-gamma),
221 IL-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and beta interferon [IFN-beta]) important in the innate immu
222 r mutants' sensitivity to type I interferon (beta interferon [IFN-beta]) in restrictive cells, we not
223 AstV-1) infection induces type I interferon (beta interferon [IFN-beta]) production in differentiated
224 , macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta, and beta interferon [IFN-beta]) that can be induced through
225 tor (IL-12p40, IL-4), and interferon system (beta interferon [IFN-beta], IFN-gamma, protein Mx1 GTPas
226 e induction of type I interferons (alpha and beta interferons [IFN-alpha and -beta]) constitutes the
230 e expression levels and sensitivity to alpha/beta interferon in cultured cells indicated that each mi
232 al cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha and beta interferon in macrophages, and this induction was i
233 ptor involvement; however, the expression of beta interferon in MyD88-/- Mphi suggests involvement of
234 studies demonstrated superior efficacy over beta-interferon in reducing disability progression over
236 is finding, RSV-induced beta interferon (IFN-beta), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), chemokin
238 tability of HBV CCC DNA in response to alpha/beta interferon induction was examined in HNF1alpha-null
241 ial (IMPACT)] became the fourth study of the beta interferons (interferon-beta-1a, in this case) to d
242 or necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and beta interferon is observed during rWSN NS1 R38A infecti
245 o assess the association between exposure to beta-interferon medications and disease progression amon
247 t, we found that coadministration of an anti-beta interferon monoclonal antibody with the plasmid DNA
248 ly, the compounds reversed the inhibition of beta interferon mRNA induction during infection, which i
249 In the latter cell line, accumulation of beta interferon mRNA occurred after infection by these N
250 oes not bind CPSF30 in vitro and causes high beta interferon mRNA production and reduced virus replic
253 and gB establish an antiviral state in alpha/beta interferon null cells, illustrating that primary in
254 of cytokines with antiviral activity, alpha/beta interferon, occurred too late to prevent virus repl
258 ponsive signaling pathways that induce alpha/beta interferon production and engage intracellular immu
260 ry factor-3 (IRF-3) activation directs alpha/beta interferon production and interferon-stimulated gen
261 ring Toll-like receptor 9 and inducing alpha/beta interferon production by plasmacytoid dendritic cel
265 tor 3 (IRF3) and accumulation of IRF3 at the beta interferon promoter in gammaherpesvirus-infected pr
266 otein unable to inhibit the induction of the beta interferon promoter mediated by virus infection.
268 anscription, inhibits transcription from the beta interferon promoter, and promotes the proteasomal d
269 proteins prevent MDA5 from signaling to the beta interferon promoter, but the consequences of LGP2 t
272 m interferon-stimulated response elements or beta-interferon promoters in a dose-dependent manner.
273 es showed that while cells lacking the alpha/beta interferon receptor exhibited decreased levels of t
274 These results indicate that while the alpha/beta interferon receptor is needed to curb viral replica
277 ouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking the alpha/beta interferon receptor, the gamma interferon receptor,
280 SFV-RDR infection of mice lacking alpha/beta interferon receptors resulted in widespread virus d
281 erferons, cloning of human IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, interferon receptors, activities and therapeutic u
282 expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta, interferon regulatory factor 4, and peroxisome pro
283 rs, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta, interferon regulatory factor 4, and peroxisome pro
284 NAs were low for interleukin (IL)-2 receptor-beta, interferon regulatory factor-1, and signal transdu
290 of cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and beta interferon than cells infected with wild-type polio
291 s-infected cells produced greater amounts of beta interferon than wild-type virus-infected cells.
292 sponse factor 3 (IRF3) activation, a lack of beta interferon transcript induction, loss of interferon
294 les involved in HCMV-mediated IRF3-dependent beta interferon transcription are virtually unknown.
295 approaches to investigate the association of beta-interferon treatment with delaying disability progr
296 ed by TIR domain-containing adapter-inducing beta interferon (TRIF) during establishment and reactiva
297 , and TIR-domain-containing adaptor-inducing beta interferon (TRIF), or RIG-I/MDA5 adaptor, interfero
299 tor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor-inducing beta-interferon (TRIF, also called TIR-domain-containing
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