ライフサイエンスコーパス: biomass burning

1 sured to date (for example, fossil fuels and biomass burning).

2 trained sources (19 to 73% contribution from biomass burning).

3 e concentration of K, an inorganic tracer of biomass burning.

4 from gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles, and biomass burning.

5 he remaining contribution comes from natural biomass burning.

6 e (DMB); all of these species are emitted by biomass burning.

7 chemical aging of the aerosol emissions from biomass burning.

8 as, and with emissions comparable to that of biomass burning.

9 zed by exceptionally high fire frequency and biomass burning.

10 ts, CO2 evasion from streams and rivers, and biomass burning.

11 in its other major sources, biofuel use and biomass burning.

12 n conditions in determining OA loadings from biomass burning.

13 (HCN), a tropospheric pollutant produced in biomass burning.

14 Basin and coeval with broader continent-wide biomass burning.

15 louds, and aerosols associated with tropical biomass burning.

16 h protection in regions strongly impacted by biomass burning.

17 ought, and to a lesser degree from increased biomass burning.

18 inhalable particles present in emissions of biomass burning.

19 NO + NO2) emissions are much lower than from biomass burning.

20 especially in tropical areas with extensive biomass burning.

21 the generally adverse effects of smoke from biomass burning.

22 absorbing brown carbon compounds produced by biomass burning.

23 t 52 +/- 15% (n = 12) of the EC stemmed from biomass burning.

24 ass contribution yield 57 +/- 21% of EC from biomass burning.

25 rom a variety of sources, often dominated by biomass burning.

26 ehicles, -0.29-0.81 for dust, -0.34-0.89 for biomass burning, 0.38-0.49 for metals processing, and -0

27 In Accra, biomass burning accounted for 39-62% of total PM2.5 mass

28 on and organic carbon aerosol emissions from biomass burning activities are a main cause of the obser

29 served during the periods with enhanced open biomass-burning activities in Southeast Asia or Southeas

30 impact of wildfires on local air quality and biomass burning aerosol (BBA) aging.

31 l composition of the organic constituents of biomass burning aerosol (BBA) samples is characterized b

32 serve as surrogates and molecular markers of biomass burning aerosol (BBA).

33 tances (HULIS) in particulate matter such as biomass burning aerosol chelate Fe(II), but the effect o

34 This study illustrates that reducing local biomass burning aerosol emissions may be a useful way to

35 Through comparison to biomass burning aerosol, we place an upper limit on the

36 an increasing fraction of absorption as the biomass-burning aerosol aged.

37 Despite this chloride acid displacement, the biomass-burning aerosol still converted on the order of

38 humidities, the particulate chloride in the biomass-burning aerosol was rapidly but incompletely dis

39 e-scale circulation changes, the increase in biomass burning aerosols causes local drying of the atmo

40 We suggest that the brownishness of biomass burning aerosols indicates the amount of BC/BrC

41 h becomes larger than approximately 0.8, all biomass burning aerosols look blackish.

42 Biomass burning aerosols mainly consist of black carbon

43 However, soil dusts and biomass burning aerosols showed significant absorption w

44 The regional characteristics of biomass burning aerosols were found to depend strongly o

45 n of toluene, redispersed soil dust samples, biomass burning aerosols, and ambient aerosols.

46 rder as black carbon and larger than that of biomass burning aerosols.

47 There is a further increase in biomass burning after the Younger Dryas.

48 Biomass burning also coincides with abrupt sediment mass

49 eflected both long-range transport linked to biomass burning and a terrigenous local source.

50 eanic sources, terrestrial plants and fungi, biomass burning and anthropogenic inputs do not balance

51 hat add NO to the upper troposphere, such as biomass burning and aviation, will lead to production of

52 lated environmental effects (e.g., extensive biomass burning and food limitations) contributed to end

53 pheric brown clouds are mostly the result of biomass burning and fossil fuel consumption.

54 of PAHs in PM(2.5) samples for investigating biomass burning and fossil fuel source contributions to

55 e United States, almost 90% of which is from biomass burning and gasoline vehicles.

56 cations of pulmonary disease attributable to biomass burning and infectious diseases among women in l

57 lsulphide, biogenic volatile organic carbon, biomass burning and sea spray.

58 condary OC indicator, and PC represents both biomass burning and secondary aerosol.

59 captures the expected seasonal variation of biomass burning and secondary impacts and results in few

60 high levels of atmospheric SO2 emitted from biomass burning and volcanic eruptions.

61 del to better quantify the HCOOH source from biomass burning, and assess whether fire emissions can h

62 s, semivolatile oxygenated organic aerosols, biomass burning, and hydrocarbon like organic aerosols.

63 Although oceans, biomass burning, and industrial production are identifie

64 iosphere exchange, gross primary production, biomass burning, and respiration to these climate anomal

65 ) emission sources (including anthropogenic, biomass burning, and soil emissions) are compared with t

66 In addition, vehicular emissions, biomass burning, and soil sources were associated with a

67 d during October-January when emissions from biomass burning are dominant and OC is a major constitue

68 We present regional trends in vegetation and biomass burning, as detected by generalized additive mod

69 l analyses reveal unexpectedly low levels of biomass burning associated with pre-A.D. 1492 savanna ra

70 are evidence for an ET impact and associated biomass burning at approximately 12.9 ka.

71 The evidence for massive biomass burning at Murray Springs is addressed and found

72 This biomass burning at the Younger Dryas (YD) onset is regio

73 and was attributed to primary emissions from biomass burning (BB) and fossil fuel burning (FFB).

74 Biomass burning (BB) contributes large amounts of black

75 normalized excess mixing ratios (NEMRs) for biomass burning (BB) events have been calculated from am

76 ed brown carbon (BrC), from laboratory-based biomass burning (BB) has been studied intensively to und

77 Particles from smoldering biomass burning (BB) represent a major source of carbona

78 ces (HULIS), which are abundantly emitted in biomass burning (BBOA) and include highly oxidized OA fr

79 Initially, large biomass burning BrC molecules were rapidly photoenhanced

80 dominated the total light absorption of aged biomass burning BrC.

81 highest intrinsic DTT activity, followed by biomass burning (BURN) and heavy-duty diesel vehicles (H

82 and dry climatic conditions resulted in peak biomass burning, but severe fires favored less-flammable

83 This study reveals that open-field biomass burning can be an important source of various se

84 at large molecular weight BrC compounds from biomass burning can be relatively long-lived components

85 lso associated with proxies indicating major biomass burning (charcoal, carbon spherules, and soot).

86 were investigated in source emission (e.g., biomass burning, coal fly ash, mineral dust, and mobile

87 7 elements from mining, fossil fuel burning, biomass burning, construction activities, and human appo

88 in gasoline, diesel, and coal fly ash, while biomass burning contained a combination of Se(0)/Se(-II)

89 However, biomass burning contributed more to heavier PAHs (modern

90 The aqSOA from biomass burning contributes to the "brown" carbon (BrC)

91 Deployment of improved biomass burning cookstoves is recognized as a black carb

92 The Bayesian-based source impacts for biomass burning correlate better with observed levogluco

93 acting in terrestrial ecosystems and during biomass burning could contribute the bulk of atmospheric

94 as were to extend to fires in other regions, biomass burning could produce 14 Tg/a of HCOOH in the tr

95 DRF at the top of atmosphere during biomass burning days decreased in negative magnitude by

96 ical ambient conditions to 3.6 W/m(2) during biomass burning days.

97 declines by 44%, and one-time P inputs from biomass burning decline by 76% from mature forest levels

98 Although global biomass burning decreased in last 150 years, regional la

99 We found that PM2.5 from biomass burning, diesel vehicle, gasoline vehicle, and d

100 Although there are changes in biomass burning during the Younger Dryas, there is no sy

101 and were significantly higher than previous biomass burning emission estimates.

102 s for atmospheric methane with these revised biomass burning emissions (and assuming no change to the

103 ural climate change influenced preindustrial biomass burning emissions and that these emissions have

104 Here we show that biomass burning emissions of methane decreased by 3.7 (+

105 led methane source partitioning implies that biomass burning emissions were high from 0 to 1000 A.D.

106 omass or use tobacco, the expected growth in biomass burning emissions with warmer, drier regional cl

107 coal fly ash) up to 75% (mobile exhaust and biomass burning emissions).

108 ehicle dynamometer tests, cooking emissions, biomass burning emissions, and a highway traffic tunnel.

109 compounds, such as alkaloids resulting from biomass burning emissions, are among HULIS constituents.

110 lation is exposed to air pollution caused by biomass burning emissions.

111 We collected filter samples of biomass-burning emissions at three locations in Canada a

112 through nocturnal chemistry using authentic biomass-burning emissions in a smog chamber.

113 ons of SOA mass formation from processing of biomass-burning emissions in the aqueous phase.

114 rther, the inversion estimates a decrease in biomass-burning emissions that could explain falling eth

115 Furthermore, contributions of biogenic and biomass-burning emissions to contemporary OC were estima

116 boratory experiments for fresh and processed biomass-burning emissions.

117 arating roadside measurements under apparent biomass burning event (Delta-C > 1000 ng m(-3)) and none

118 tudy to investigate the influence of a major biomass burning event on the light absorption properties

119 efficient was observed during the night-long biomass burning event.

120 er samples taken from urban environments and biomass burning events.

121 nt their main sources (oceanic emissions and biomass burning for I, and atmospheric nuclear tests for

122 Global biomass burning generates 40 million to 250 million tons

123 Biomass burning gradually increased from the glacial per

124 (naphthalene, tricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]decane), biomass burning (guaiacol), and biogenic (alpha-pinene)

125 According to source apportionment analysis, biomass burning had the highest contribution (50.3%) to

126 Emissions associated with fossil fuel and biomass burning have acted to approximately double the g

127 ds is caused by deforestation and associated biomass burning Hg emissions.

128 carcinogenic risk to individuals exposed to biomass burning-impacted aerosols (18 +/- 1 x 10(-6)) in

129 dependent sources such as mobile sources and biomass burning in addition to four precursor-specific c

130 Airborne measurements in smoke from biomass burning in Brazil have yielded optical parameter

131 Near Arkhangelsk (White Sea), biomass burning in mid-latitudes, surface transportation

132 on-like material apparently originating from biomass burning in South America is also present, while

133 identify the processes that have controlled biomass burning in southern African grassland ecosystems

134 This study suggest a larger role for biomass burning in the radiative forcing of climate in t

135 An increase in biomass burning in the Southern Hemisphere can account f

136 imply that large variations in the degree of biomass burning in the Southern Hemisphere occurred duri

137 health-related pollutant species from solid biomass burning in traditional cookstoves is a global co

138 Recurring biomass burning-induced smoke haze is a serious regional

139 les seems to be favored at sites with strong biomass burning influence or connected to more polluted

140 Biomass burning is a known source of brown carbon aeroso

141 These experiments directly confirm that biomass burning is a potentially significant source of a

142 Biomass burning is a source of both particulate chloride

143 The estimated F- flux from biomass burning is comparable to total fluorine emission

144 Seasonal biomass burning is considered a large pollution source i

145 sources in the summer when the influence of biomass burning is low.

146 Biomass burning is one of the largest sources of carbona

147 Biomass burning is one of the most important sources of

148 as molecular markers in receptor models for biomass burning (levoglucosan), motor vehicles (5alpha-c

149 associated with oxygenated species (primary biomass burning markers) increased (decreased) with MCE;

150 ing that glyoxal emissions from agricultural biomass burning may be significantly overestimated.

151 so far, including fossil fuel, microbial and biomass-burning methane emission sources.

152 Biomass burning molecules including PCLCs (<0.49 mum, me

153 d four primary PM(10) sources for each site: biomass burning, motor vehicles, marine aerosol and crus

154 ls on the fractional contribution to BC from biomass burning (north of 60 degrees N) vary between 11%

155 hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), cooking OA (COA), biomass burning OA (BBOA), and low volatility and semivo

156 oxidized OOA (MO-OOA), cooking OA (COA), and biomass burning OA (BBOA).

157 rocarbon-like OA is largely water-insoluble, biomass burning OA and cooking OA have the largest range

158 formation days while high concentrations of biomass burning OA inhibited particle growth.

159 osol mass spectrometer resolved two types of biomass burning OA, which appeared to have different che

160 eak abundances were observed for pine needle biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) collected with PI

161 e important light absorption contributors of biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA), suggesting that

162 ospheric transport (6-45 h), suggesting that biomass burning organic aerosol concentration and chemic

163 Here we analyse single biomass burning particles from the Las Conchas fire (New

164 ygenated organics, many mixed with sulfates, biomass burning particles, some with sulfates, and proce

165 on monoxide and formaldehyde in agricultural biomass burning plumes intercepted by the NOAA WP-3D air

166 ed aerosol samples including urban aerosols, biomass burning PM, cigarette smoke, and incense smoke.

167 s, among the primary PM2.5 sources assessed, biomass burning PM2.5 was most strongly associated with

168 ations of respiratory disease ED visits with biomass burning PM2.5; associations with diesel and gaso

169 ol (2-methoxyphenol, GUA), a lignocellulosic biomass burning pollutant, is addressed in this work.

170 Near the main biomass burning regions, global and regional modelling i

171 f the atmospheric heating, particularly over biomass-burning regions that emit BrC.

172 of global biomass burning, we estimate that biomass burning releases 76 Gg F- yr(-1) to the atmosphe

173 These data demonstrate that biomass burning represents a major source of fluorine to

174 llite data over the Amazon region during the biomass burning season showed that scattered cumulus clo

175 In the September-October 2007 biomass-burning season in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, we studie

176 Laboratory measurement of biomass burning smoke from two chaparral fuels is shown

177 Tar balls, abundant in biomass burning smoke, absorb sunlight and have highly v

178 ic PM2.5 exposures from vehicular emissions, biomass burning, soil, and secondary nitrate and sulfate

179 0 CE), the concentrations and composition of biomass burning-, soil bacterial- and plant wax- tracers

180 trations and subsequent apportionment of the biomass burning source could be significantly underestim

181 e of the increased contribution of PAHs from biomass burning source.

182 novel tool to apportion the contribution of biomass burning sources to the BCeq mass.

183 rom domestic, industrial, transportation and biomass burning sources.

184 During days dominated by biomass burning the absorption of solar energy by aeroso

185 We investigated the ability of biomass burning to produce N2O5(g) and ClNO2(g) through

186 measured values of glyoxal relative to other biomass burning trace gases, indicating that glyoxal emi

187 SOA tracer, alpha-pinene SOA tracers, and a biomass burning tracer (i.e., levoglucosan), and primary

188 ltetrols (isoprene tracer) and levoglucosan (biomass burning tracer) in gaseous and particle (PM2.5)

189 is a ubiquitous gas in the atmosphere and a biomass burning tracer.

190 in wintertime atmospheric processing of this biomass burning tracer.

191 g, positive correlations of O3 with multiple biomass burning tracers in these HOLW structures.

192 aerosol radiative forcing and could serve as biomass burning tracers.

193 s spectra were used to assign PMF factors to biomass burning, traffic, and smoking emission sources.

194 umigation, important sources include oceans, biomass burning, tropical plants, salt marshes, and cert

195 t temperature and drought predict changes in biomass burning up to the late 1800s CE.

196 e estimates on the source contributions from biomass burning versus fossil fuel.

197 Pollen and charcoal data indicate that biomass burning was relatively low during warm/dry stepp

198 Biomass burning was the most dominant source at both sit

199 In Banjul and Basse, biomass burning was the single dominant source of cookin

200 Based on recent evaluations of global biomass burning, we estimate that biomass burning releas

201 Fluxes of pyrogenic PAHs related to biomass burning were consistent over this same period an

202 cle (PM2.5) water-soluble fluoride (F-) from biomass burning were evaluated during the fourth Fire La

203 e PM10 concentrations observed during Amazon biomass burning were sufficient to induce severe adverse

204 Both gases are emitted from fossil fuels and biomass burning, whereas methane (CH(4)) alone has large

205 Detling have a significant contribution from biomass burning with an estimated emission factor of 0.2

206 n direct radiative forcing due to smoke from biomass burning worldwide is estimated to be no more tha