ライフサイエンスコーパス: bladder

1 suggested chronic obstruction in the urinary bladder.

2 ieve high-level, persistent infection in the bladder.

3 .1, and 9.5 muSv/h, respectively, facing the bladder.

4 apid blood clearance through the kidneys and bladder.

5 elia, salivary gland, esophagus, thymus, and bladder.

6 nt into the submucosa of the porcine urinary bladder.

7 and rapid clearance from blood to kidney and bladder.

8 rinary tract that depend on the state of the bladder.

9 erent nerve endings in the mammalian urinary bladder.

10 dioactivity concentration within the urinary bladder.

11 gressive neuroendocrine tumor of the urinary bladder.

12 cluding those of the head and neck, lung and bladder.

13 or PET CT in cases of carcinoma of the gall bladder.

14 1 fimbriae and in colonisation of the mouse bladder.

15 by the presence of contrast material in the bladder.

16 .7 muSv/h, respectively, at the level of the bladder.

17 er surface, and mediates colonization of the bladder.

18 and rescued the overactivity of Trpv4 (-/-) bladders.

19 Other organs of interest were the bladder (0.102 +/- 0.046 mSv/MBq) and kidneys (0.029 +/-

20 nic system for the long-term manipulation of bladder afferent expressed opsins.

21 lective optogenetic silencing of nociceptive bladder afferents may represent a potential future thera

22 ignificant accumulation of QD outside of the bladder, although in some mice we detected extravesical

23 esults in neurological deficits ranging from bladder and bowel involvement to severe sensory and moto

24 ated to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bladder and breast cancer.

25 ed with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bladder and breast cancer.

26 lines from two E2F1-driven highly aggressive bladder and breast tumors, and use network analysis meth

27 racterized by severe dilation of the urinary bladder and defective intestinal motility.

28 xons bifurcated many times upon entering the bladder and developed varicosities along their axon term

29 a at low bladder volumes, reflexes relax the bladder and evoke external urethral sphincter (EUS) cont

30 st protein fibrinogen (Fg), which coated the bladder and implant.

31 by loss of smooth muscle contraction in the bladder and intestine.

32 nd survival, even within specific stages, in bladder and renal carcinomas as well as low-grade glioma

33 20-item Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory), bladder and sexual dysfunction (International Prostate S

34 quantified how sensory information from the bladder and urethra are integrated to switch reflex resp

35 is unclear how sensory information from the bladder and urethra engages differential, state-dependen

36 lementary roles of sensory feedback from the bladder and urethra in regulating reflexes in the lower

37 tion to manipulate sensory feedback from the bladder and urethra independently by controlling bladder

38 y are mediated by sensory information in the bladder and urethra will open new opportunities, especia

39 The detector faced the sternum or bladder and was 1 m away from and directly in front of t

40 nlung cancers, but associations with kidney, bladder, and colorectal cancer death warrant further inv

41 lignant respiratory disease, and lung, skin, bladder, and kidney cancers.

42 ignificant higher uptake in kidneys, urinary bladder, and lacrimal gland.

43 Analysis of the rectum, bladder, and penile bulb volumes receiving 40 Gy and 60

44 For organs at risk (rectum, bladder, and penile bulb), the volumes receiving 40 Gy a

45 nephrectomy and lifelong surveillance of the bladder are performed.

46 owel, lumbar vertebra, psoas muscle, urinary bladder) as well as the noise-equivalent counting rates

47 ouse embryos at E10.5 and distributed in the bladder at E15.5.

48 er age at onset of autonomic failure, severe bladder/bowel dysfunction, preserved olfaction, and a ca

49 rine; ovarian; prostate; testicular; kidney; bladder; brain and nervous system; thyroid; mesothelioma

50 cal analysis of 2,394 patient specimens from bladder, breast, lung, pancreatic, ovarian, head/neck, a

51 e of 45% of the administered activity in the bladder by 1 h after injection; whole-body clearance was

52 We analyzed 531 Dutch patients with bladder cancer (1990-2012) with information on 7 prespec

53 on making in cancer care, but its impact for bladder cancer (BC) has not been documented.

54 nduce MDSC accumulation and expansion in the bladder cancer (BC) microenvironment via CXCL2/MIF-CXCR2

55 treatment failure and mortality of advanced bladder cancer (BC).

56 may also play critical roles in controlling bladder cancer (BC).

57 Here, we sequenced the exomes of 25 bladder cancer (BCa) cell lines and compared mutations,

58 Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) generally responds poorly to treat

59 Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) has a poor prognosis.

60 e microenvironment of cancer.Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a potentially lethal disease.

61 Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive disease with limi

62 as the standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), radiotherapy-based, bladder-spari

63 advance has been achieved in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

64 patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are either refractory to bacillus

65 on of fibulin-3 in T2 vs non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) by quantitative reverse transcrip

66 Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a highly recurrent tumor despi

67 ncer (BC), prostate cancer (PC), and urinary bladder cancer (UBC), and is therefore an important targ

68 (HER) 1/HER2-positive metastatic urothelial bladder cancer (UBC).

69 305) potently inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells in a dose- and time-dependent

70 icantly associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer [adjusted odds ratios (OR) = 3.90, 95% co

71 EMP1), as being highly expressed in T2 vs T1 bladder cancer and aggressive vs indolent disease.

72 thelial carcinoma is the most common type of bladder cancer and can be categorized as either non-musc

73 iferation of STAG2 mutated but not wild-type bladder cancer and Ewing sarcoma cell lines.

74 erall survival in four patient datasets from bladder cancer and five patient datasets from colorectal

75 We found no evidence of an association for bladder cancer and hours of swimming pool use.

76 ion with S. haematobium has been linked with bladder cancer and increased risk for HIV infection.

77 s suggests that ASS1 loss occurs in invasive bladder cancer and is targetable by ADI-PEG 20.

78 We evaluated the relationship between bladder cancer and total, chlorinated, and brominated tr

79 ccessful ex vivo endoscopic imaging of human bladder cancer by topical (i.e. intravesical) administra

80 Recurrence of bladder cancer can occur repeatedly in the same patient

81 Chemotaxis assay revealed that bladder cancer cell line J82 induced MDSC migration via

82 related with the invasive ability of several bladder cancer cell lines and modulation of fibulin-3 ex

83 cin complex 2 (mTORC2) as a key regulator of bladder cancer cell migration and invasion, although ups

84 ial cells is involved in the interactions of bladder cancer cells (BCs) with the endothelium.

85 resulting in reduced levels of DNA repair in bladder cancer cells and radiosensitization.

86 Fibulin-3 knockdown in bladder cancer cells decreased the incidence of MIBCs in

87 candidate TumiD targets in T24 human urinary bladder cancer cells is augmented by UPF1.

88 as simple and low-cost means of maintaining bladder cancer cells over extended periods of times in o

89 the effects of AURKA overexpression in human bladder cancer cells.

90 , inhibited proliferation of PPARG-activated bladder cancer cells.

91 tumors in some mice implanted with the MB49 bladder cancer cells.

92 e context of RXRA/PPAR heterodimers in human bladder cancer cells.

93 from patients treated in a multidisciplinary bladder cancer clinic (MDBCC) from 2008 to 2013 were rev

94 Adjusted ORs for bladder cancer comparing participants with exposure abov

95 regions, pioglitazone increased the risk for bladder cancer could be found in European population, an

96 mplicate AURKA as an effective biomarker for bladder cancer detection as well as therapeutic target e

97 m growth factor mediators of this pathway in bladder cancer have not been well delineated.

98 cystoscopy to improve clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer in clinics and at point-of-care (POC) set

99 In a case-control study of bladder cancer in Egypt, we examined the relationship be

100 nidase, an enzyme previously associated with bladder cancer in humans.

101 nfection byproducts has been associated with bladder cancer in multiple studies.

102 Bladder cancer incurs a higher lifetime treatment cost t

103 e current gold standard for the diagnosis of bladder cancer is cystoscopy, which is invasive and pain

104 Restoration of STAG2 expression in a mutated bladder cancer model alleviates the dependency on STAG1.

105 he incidence of MIBCs in a murine orthotopic bladder cancer model and decreased the expression of ins

106 Comparison with muscle-invasive bladder cancer mutation profiles revealed lower overall

107 First to fourth recurrences of bladder cancer occurred in 313, 174, 103, and 66 patient

108 urvival of mice inoculated with either human bladder cancer or fibrosarcoma cells.

109 y have potential as biomarkers of aggressive bladder cancer or therapeutic targets.

110 two mesenchymal cell lines from ascites of a bladder cancer patient (i.e. cells already migrated outs

111 of urinary EVs was significantly elevated in bladder cancer patients (n = 16) compared to healthy con

112 itivity of 81.3% at a specificity of 90% (16 bladder cancer patients and 8 healthy controls).

113 ation from the pre- and post-treatment CT of bladder cancer patients has the potential to assist in a

114 ladder tumor samples from 30 muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients.

115 r cancer tissues and used publicly available bladder cancer profiling studies to prioritize different

116 bladder cancer to identify key regulators of bladder cancer progression and/or invasion.

117 However, their relationship to bladder cancer risk remains to be elucidated.

118 ymphocytes was significantly associated with bladder cancer risk.

119 ed frequency of CAs in blood lymphocytes and bladder cancer risk.

120 e understanding of HSP90 inhibition-mediated bladder cancer therapeutics.

121 tle is known about HSP90 inhibition-mediated bladder cancer therapy.

122 We performed RNA-Seq on T1 and T2 bladder cancer tissues and used publicly available bladd

123 es differentially expressed between T1 vs T2 bladder cancer to identify key regulators of bladder can

124 o curtail the M-MDSC compartment and improve bladder cancer treatment.

125 after kidney, ureter and mixed stones while bladder cancer was increased most after bladder stones.

126 ASS1 expression and effects of ASS1 loss in bladder cancer which, despite affecting >70,000 people i

127 , were more likely to be diagnosed as having bladder cancer within 6 months (0.70% vs 0.38%; odds rat

128 xpected in centers providing BCG therapy for bladder cancer without adequate precautions.

129 her patients underwent BCG instillations for bladder cancer without required biological precautions.

130 that administration of chemotherapy to human bladder cancer xenografts could trigger a wound-healing

131 Different bladder cancer xenografts, however, demonstrate differen

132 squamous cell carcinoma subtypes of invasive bladder cancer, as well as in T24, J82, and UM-UC-3 but

133 e nuclear receptor PPARgamma is activated in bladder cancer, either directly by gene amplification or

134 In contrast, for invasive bladder cancer, incidence was more strongly elevated in

135 ntly by increased rates of lung, kidney, and bladder cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and unspecified meta

136 Bladder cancer, one of the most frequently occurring hum

137 some of our findings present rare events in bladder cancer, our study suggests that comprehensively

138 smoking independently increased the risk of bladder cancer, relative risk, 11.7 (P = 0.0013) and 5.6

139 wever, for some malignancies such as urinary bladder cancer, the ability to accurately assess local e

140 fibulin-3 serves as a pro-invasive factor in bladder cancer, which may be mediated through modulation

141 in consultation for management of recurrent bladder cancer.

142 eatment of advanced human cancers, including bladder cancer.

143 er discovery or chemoradiation strategies in bladder cancer.

144 r PPARG as a candidate therapeutic target in bladder cancer.

145 tegrated analysis of non-invasive (stage Ta) bladder cancer.

146 y used as adjunctive therapy for superficial bladder cancer.

147 n, supporting PPARs as targetable drivers of bladder cancer.

148 icantly associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer.

149 tic drug pioglitazone increases the risk for bladder cancer.

150 ly diagnosed with muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer.

151 nd identify candidate therapeutic targets in bladder cancer.

152 s (>95th percentile vs.<25th percentile) and bladder cancer.

153 e for ARF in modulating the drug response of bladder cancer.

154 an association between swimming pool use and bladder cancer.

155 The majority of bladder cancers are non-muscle-invasive at presentation;

156 omprehensive analysis of 412 muscle-invasive bladder cancers characterized by multiple TCGA analytica

157 images might be able to distinguish between bladder cancers with and without complete chemotherapy r

158 -deficient fibroblasts was also increased in bladder cancers with TSC1/TSC2 mutations in the TCGA dat

159 treatment for ovarian, prostate, colon, and bladder cancers.

160 d to a specific gene expression signature in bladder cancers.

161 ot mutation (S427F/Y) drives 20-25% of human bladder cancers.

162 cancers combined (renal pelvis, ureter, and bladder cancers: adjusted IRR 2.2, 95% CI 0.9-5.4; N = 8

163 a distinct bladder volume threshold (74% of bladder capacity) above which flow-evoked bladder contra

164 e in micturition frequency and a decrease in bladder capacity.

165 -nitroso compounds (NOC), which are possible bladder carcinogens.

166 in response to HSP90 inhibitor treatment in bladder carcinoma cells, and thus intensifies the unders

167 e post-translational modifications (PTMs) in bladder carcinoma in response to HSP90 inhibition.

168 Among all cancer subtypes, only bladder carcinoma was significantly associated with PV r

169 ence of urothelial carcinoma and the risk of bladder carcinoma, the long-term patient and kidney graf

170 nd smoking are at particular risk to develop bladder carcinomas and support the need for long-term ca

171 d a novel therapeutic strategy that used the bladder cell exfoliant chitosan to deplete UPEC reservoi

172 E and H06-IPSE proteins can infiltrate HTB-9 bladder cells when added exogenously to culture medium.

173 It is notable that more than 30% of bladder, colon, gastric, and endometrial cancers have Ns

174 c cystitis is an inflammatory and ulcerative bladder condition associated with systemic chemotherapeu

175 of bladder capacity) above which flow-evoked bladder contractions were 252% larger and evoked phasic

176 The urinary bladder (critical organ), liver, kidney, and spleen exhi

177 blunted the evoked visceromotor response to bladder distension and led to small but significant chan

178 but no significant differences in rectal or bladder dose or in acute genitourinary or gastrointestin

179 otective and signaling roles for CD14 in the bladder during UPEC UTI.

180 ockers also increased contractions of intact bladders during filling.

181 of candidates for intervention, but ongoing bladder dysfunction in patients after valve ablation rem

182 cations, plane of surgery, 30-day mortality, bladder dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction, none showed

183 protein-orchestrated trafficking circuits in bladder epithelial cells (BECs) that expels intracellula

184 Modelling UTIs in vitro, human vaginal and bladder epithelial cells were challenged with uropathoge

185 However, upon internalization by bladder epithelial cells, UPEC deficient in de novo puri

186 acterial communities within the cytoplasm of bladder epithelial cells.

187 led only low levels of F-Dapa in the urinary bladder, even after displacement of kidney binding with

188 association methods in patients with classic bladder exstrophy (CBE) found association with ISL1, a m

189 nse to the various stretch stimuli caused by bladder filling remain largely unknown.

190 rough mechanosensitive TRPV4 channels during bladder filling stabilizes detrusor excitability.

191 Taken together, during bladder filling, the bladder mechanosensitive SAAs of Ad

192 rom the L6 dorsal roots were recorded during bladder filling.

193 and led to small but significant changes in bladder function.

194 antation included deterioration of motor and bladder functions (n = 12) as well as behavioural change

195 are breast, prostate, colon, liver, ovarian, bladder, gastric, brain cancers, neuroblastoma and chron

196 tment of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder has become evident.

197 The outlook for patients with neurogenic bladder has been transformed by a combination of clean i

198 an (hyaluronic acid; HA) instillation to the bladder has been used to treat KIC.

199 spinal afferents that innervate the urinary bladder have never been unequivocally identified in any

200 % confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.27]} and bladder [HR=1.13 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.23)].

201 S, including late gestation expansion of the bladder, hydronephrosis, and rapid demise after parturit

202 ketamine-treated rats exhibited significant bladder hyperactivity with an increase in micturition fr

203 However, HA instillation ameliorated bladder hyperactivity, lessened bladder mucosa damage, a

204 We hypothesized that bladder hypertrophy and hypercontractility in DBD is med

205 tion during diabetes mediates DBD-associated bladder hypertrophy and hypercontractility.

206 ter accumulation of (18)F-FLT in the urinary bladder in male than female mice.

207 uptake was also observed in the kidneys and bladder, indicating renal tracer clearance.

208 BD2-depleted urine samples from bladder infected mice supported increased UPEC growth, s

209 S. agalactiae CovR promotes bladder infection and inflammation, as well as adhesion

210 vantage of a new, transparent zebrafish swim bladder infection model.

211 n be used to effectively combat recalcitrant bladder infections without causing lasting harm to the u

212 interneurons impairs a vital behavior, swim bladder inflation, that relies on maintaining a nose-up

213 iring maintenance of a nose-up posture: swim bladder inflation.

214 The present study investigated bladder injury by urothelial defect and HA degeneration

215 on, microscopy revealed rapid restoration of bladder integrity following chitosan treatment, indicati

216 und NU14 infection stimulated TLR4-dependent bladder interleukin-33 (IL-33) production.

217 Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor of

218 Osseous metastasis in carcinoma of the gall bladder is rare and hence bone scintigraphy does not for

219 Urologic cancers include cancers of the bladder, kidney, prostate, and testes, with common molec

220 s affecting humans, and can result in severe bladder, kidney, ureteral, and genital pathologies.

221 tivity of 250 MBq, the absorbed doses in the bladder, liver, kidney, and spleen were 58.5, 6.6, 6.3,

222 therapeutic target has been demonstrated in bladder, liver, lung, breast, and gastric cancers.

223 t this bacterium forms large clusters in the bladder lumen that are sites for stone formation.

224 rial adherence properties in vitro or in the bladder lumen.

225 Taken together, during bladder filling, the bladder mechanosensitive SAAs of Adelta-fibers were atte

226 We investigated the characteristics of bladder mechanosensitive single-unit afferent activities

227 ch as urine flow, that prevent the ascent of bladder microbes.

228 bstruction (BOO) and their relationship with bladder microcontractions.

229 al flow at high bladder volumes, excites the bladder (micturition reflex) and relaxes the EUS (augmen

230 erative cystitis (KIC) initially damaged the bladder mucosa and induced contracted bladder thereafter

231 ameliorated bladder hyperactivity, lessened bladder mucosa damage, and decreased interstitial fibros

232 mplitude of spontaneous activity (SA) in SCI bladder muscle strips.

233 such as mesenteric, bowel, ureteral, and/or bladder obstruction.

234 ilar enhancement of contractions occurred in bladders of Trpv4 (-/-) mice during filling.

235 cers would result in 3.1 additional cases of bladder or lung cancer per 1,000,000 consumers.

236 cluding cancers of the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, or urethra, from eight hospitals in the USA and

237 actor-independent growth of Trp53/Kdm6a null bladder organoids.

238 it afferent activities (SAAs) in rats with a bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and their relationship

239 ulting from benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder outlet obstruction continue to be a serious heal

240 CKO) mice develop prostatic hyperplasia with bladder outlet obstruction, most likely because of strom

241 channels in PDGFRalpha(+) cells and prevent bladder overactivity during filling.

242 Patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) suffer from chronic pain

243 re therapeutic strategy for the treatment of bladder pain.

244 sensory afferents could be used to modulate bladder pain.

245 ead phenomenon in epithelial cancers such as bladder, pancreas, colon, and prostate-appears rooted in

246 tyl-dG (O(6)-POB-dG), formed in liver, lung, bladder, pancreas, or colon were recovered in comparable

247 nosis of breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, bladder, pancreatic, or gastric cancer or non-Hodgkin ly

248 revented a decline in locomotor behavior and bladder physiology outcomes associated with an invasive

249 hy evaluation of the urethra and the urinary bladder plays a very important role in the diagnostics a

250 re mediated by peripheral afferents from the bladder (primarily in the pelvic nerve) and the urethra

251 ied by the urological malignancies of renal, bladder, prostate, and penile cancer, a group of anatomi

252 The urinary bladder received the highest radiation dose with a mean

253 stsurgery, mice were euthanized, the urinary bladder removed, then fresh-fixed and stained for immuno

254 by urothelial defect and HA degeneration and bladder repair by urothelium proliferation and different

255 of hyaluronidases in the urothelial layer of bladder, resulting in enhanced mucosal regeneration.

256 resistance of spruce to infection by needle bladder rust are unknown.

257 Bladder schistosomiasis is a prevalent disease in the de

258 Bladder schistosomiasis was suspected after contrast-enh

259 iology is not well understood, inhibition of bladder sensory afferents temporarily relieves pain.

260 ium and perisynovial adipose tissue, urinary bladder, skeletal muscle, myocardium, and visceral peric

261 e bladder cancer (MIBC), radiotherapy-based, bladder-sparing trimodal therapy (TMT) that combines tra

262 hile bladder cancer was increased most after bladder stones.

263 gut dysmotility and abnormal function of the bladder supports the involvement of this gene in MMIHS p

264 pe 1 pilus adhesin FimH binds mannose on the bladder surface, and mediates colonization of the bladde

265 hageal reflux disease (GERD), and overactive bladder syndrome (OBS), as well as other gastrointestina

266 uding skin, esophagus, trachea, tongue, eye, bladder, testis and uterus.

267 ed the bladder mucosa and induced contracted bladder thereafter.

268 ed effect on reducing UPEC titers within the bladder, this treatment failed to prevent relapsing bact

269 s were considered related to the study drug (bladder transitional cell carcinoma in the ozanezumab gr

270 t coculture of murine bone marrow cells with bladder tumor cells promoted strong expression of PD-L1

271 f patients with NMIBC as a surrogate for the bladder tumor microenvironment.

272 skewing toward type 2 immunity, may predict bladder tumor recurrence and influence the mortality of

273 djuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy primary bladder tumor samples from 30 muscle-invasive bladder ca

274 MT) that combines transurethral resection of bladder tumor, chemotherapy for radiation sensitization,

275 une cells isolated from syngeneic mouse MB49 bladder tumors, spleens, and tumor-draining lymph nodes

276 er, including in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB).

277 We used murine and human bladder uroepithelial cell models of UTI and S. agalacti

278 the hypothesis that HA treatment altered the bladder urothelial layer and the expression of hyalurona

279 ith FGFR1-amplified sqNSCLC and FGFR3-mutant bladder/urothelial cancer.

280 ing FGFR1-amplified sqNSCLC and FGFR3-mutant bladder/urothelial cancers.

281 onize and invade the epithelial cells of the bladder urothelium.

282 ation of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder using novel methods to understand the genomic la

283 der and urethra independently by controlling bladder volume and urethral flow.

284 During filling, urinary bladder volume increases dramatically with little change

285 We found a distinct bladder volume threshold (74% of bladder capacity) above

286 Conversely, urethral flow at high bladder volumes, excites the bladder (micturition reflex

287 If fluid enters the urethra at low bladder volumes, reflexes relax the bladder and evoke ex

288 he (11)C-nicotine injection were the urinary bladder wall (14.68 +/- 8.70 muSv/MBq), kidneys (9.56 +/

289 Human radiation dose estimates indicated the bladder wall as the dose-critical tissue (185 muSv/MBq),

290 The ultrasound findings included gall bladder wall thickening in 66 patients (41.2%).

291 e present study suggests that increased gall bladder wall thickness, pleural effusion, ascites, hepat

292 st absorbed radiation doses, was the urinary bladder wall, at 0.047 +/- 0.008 and 0.067 +/- 0.007 mGy

293 hest mean dose coefficients were the urinary bladder wall, kidneys, and spleen.

294 cess by which the ureter is displaced to the bladder wall, represents an exquisite example of morphog

295 ctions of the detrusor muscle that lines the bladder wall.

296 the radioactivity signal within the urinary bladder was lower at 3 h after injection, especially whe

297 dioactivity concentration within the urinary bladder were analyzed in both scans.

298 gical types of spinal afferent ending in the bladder were identified.

299 at 1 m (EDR-1m) from the sternum and urinary bladder were obtained.

300 pigs underwent a submucosal injection of the bladder with fluorescent-tagged tilmanocept, radiolabele