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   1 ays were inhibited (from 3.1 to 1.6 pmol/100 blastocysts).                                           
     2 regulates lineage specification of the mouse blastocyst.                                             
     3 ed in the inner cell mass (ICM) of the mouse blastocyst.                                             
     4 ophectoderm lineage required for producing a blastocyst.                                             
     5 ue to a decrease in Igf2 and H19 mRNA in ZDD blastocyst.                                             
     6 quired for the formation of EPI cells in the blastocyst.                                             
     7 of epiblast and PrE progenitors in the mouse blastocyst.                                             
     8 d maternal endometrium and the free-floating blastocyst.                                             
     9 tive centrosomes was established only in the blastocyst.                                             
    10 tion human embryos from the zygote until the blastocyst.                                             
    11 n accurately organizing the developing mouse blastocyst.                                             
    12 ining cellular plasticity and organizing the blastocyst.                                             
    13 ithin the inner cell mass (ICM) of the mouse blastocyst.                                             
    14 rimitive endoderm upon reintroduction to the blastocyst.                                             
    15 on in the inner cell mass (ICM) of the mouse blastocyst.                                             
    16 generated by injecting these mESCs into host blastocysts.                                            
    17 iated trophoblast stem cells derived from KO blastocysts.                                            
    18 les to determine their receptive function to blastocysts.                                            
    19 ric contribution of these cells to non-human blastocysts.                                            
    20 onic stem cells (FX-hESCs), derived from FXS blastocysts.                                            
    21 nges in up to 33% (ZFNs) and 46% (TALENs) of blastocysts.                                            
    22  PSCs and the inner cell mass (ICM) of human blastocysts.                                            
    23 yonic stem cell lines generated from Emb-LPD blastocysts.                                            
    24 nserved and better resemble their respective blastocysts.                                            
    25 important for the expression of NANOG in the blastocysts.                                            
    26  into Dark Agouti (DA) X Sprague Dawley (SD) blastocysts.                                            
    27 eriod can modulate gene expression in bovine blastocysts.                                            
    28 em cells can be derived from parthenogenetic blastocysts.                                            
    29 tein was present at the 4-cell stage and the blastocysts.                                            
    30 gnificantly decreased the apoptosis index of blastocysts.                                            
    31 ffected the level of NANOG expression in the blastocysts.                                            
    32 n and methylation patterns closer to in vivo blastocysts.                                            
    33 ikely a significant pool of methyl groups in blastocysts.                                            
    34 ion are suppressed in Cnr1(-/-) or Faah(-/-) blastocysts.                                            
    35 es derived from the inner cell mass of human blastocysts.                                            
    36 s hatched blastocysts, but not as morulae or blastocysts.                                            
    37 knockdown reduces Sox2/FGF4/ERK signaling in blastocysts.                                            
    38  reduction in inner cell mass cell number in blastocysts.                                            
    39 nt role during the progression of embryos to blastocysts.                                            
    40 ophectoderm proliferation in Suds3 knockdown blastocysts.                                            
    41 ted arrested embryos and excluded cells from blastocysts.                                            
    42 ssed in the trophectoderm of human and mouse blastocysts.                                            
    43  the skewed lineage specification of Klf5 KO blastocysts.                                            
    44  reduced to <2% in the majority (79%) of PNT blastocysts.                                            
    45 to the inner cell mass (ICM) in 128-256 cell blastocysts (6dpf), approximately 2 days later than the 
    46 trophectoderm (TE) in preimplantation monkey blastocysts also expressed X-linked genes from both alle
  
  
    49 rresponding to the epiblast of the diapaused blastocyst and indicate that mTOR regulates developmenta
    50 e derive from the polar trophectoderm of the blastocyst and persist through early gestation (to E8.5)
    51  and internal primitive endoderm (PE) in the blastocyst and subsequently give rise to chorio-allantoi
    52 onic and abembryonic hemispheres of the late blastocyst and their allocation to the TE and ICM, sugge
  
  
  
    56 he reconstructed SCNT embryos developed into blastocysts and ES cells capable of contributing to trad
    57 tal failure in implanted beta1 integrin-null blastocysts and found that primitive endoderm cells are 
  
  
  
    61 aining embryos were capable of developing to blastocysts and producing embryonic stem cells similar t
  
    63 y detected at levels below 1%, decreasing in blastocysts and stem-cell lines to undetectable levels, 
    64   The abundance of TET1 mRNA was high in the blastocysts and TET1 protein was present at the 4-cell s
    65 t, germline DNA methylation is erased in the blastocyst, and a bimodal pattern is established anew at
    66 vitro fertilization, resulting in transgenic blastocysts, and by mating, resulting in healthy transge
    67 ergence of epiblast cells in preimplantation blastocysts, and ceasing during human embryonic stem cel
    68 methylation in cultured ES cells compared to blastocysts, and in vivo are methylated only after impla
  
    70 rief phase of endometrial receptivity to the blastocyst--and were released into the endometrial fluid
    71 as when injected into pre-implantation-stage blastocysts, apparently because the injected cells under
    72 echanisms involved in Cdx2 expression in the blastocyst are also utilized in the postimplantation emb
  
    74 d that TE-deprived ICMs derived from 32-cell blastocysts are still able to reconstruct TE during in v
  
    76 re to attain uterine receptivity will impede blastocyst attachment and result in a compromised pregna
    77 luminal epithelium and stroma at the site of blastocyst attachment, but luminal epithelial COX2 expre
    78 evaginations, defective crypt formation, and blastocyst attachment, leading to severely compromised p
  
  
  
  
    83 raft in both pig and cattle pre-implantation blastocysts but show limited contribution to post-implan
    84 CHD4 can form a morphologically normal early blastocyst, but are unable to successfully complete the 
  
  
    87 e derived from primed hESCs or directly from blastocysts, but their X chromosome state has remained u
  
    89 ation in PrE cells only after they reach the blastocyst cavity and form a mature epithelium, in a pro
  
    91  distinct, with 2i being the most similar to blastocyst cells and including a subpopulation resemblin
  
  
  
  
    96 bryogenesis, and human disease, interspecies blastocyst complementation might allow human organ gener
  
    98 ditional cell ablation approach with a novel blastocyst complementation strategy, we generated murine
  
  
  
   102 nner cell mass of the mouse pre-implantation blastocyst comprises epiblast progenitor and primitive e
   103 se development leads to the formation of the blastocyst consisting of the inner cell mass (ICM) and t
   104 be propagated in vitro and, when placed into blastocysts, contribute to all tissues of the embryo and
   105  inner cell mass (ICM) lineages in the mouse blastocyst correlates with cell position, as TE derives 
  
  
   108 been transferred into Mstn(tm1Sjl/+) dams as blastocysts demonstrated that the effects of maternal my
  
   110 nal properties of iPS-derived and endogenous blastocyst-derived HSCs, despite the extensive chronolog
   111 s transcriptional profiles highly similar to blastocyst-derived TSCs, with comparable methylation and
  
  
   114 h significant decline in oocyte cleavage and blastocyst development after in-vitro fertilization.    
   115  growth, induces reversible pausing of mouse blastocyst development and allows their prolonged cultur
   116 uggest that Rab11a critically controls mouse blastocyst development and soluble matrix metalloprotein
  
   118 tochondrial distribution, euploidy rate, and blastocyst development following fertilization in vitro,
  
  
   121 ned the expression of orthologous genes, and blastocyst development was established, but maintenance 
   122 ygotes resulted in a substantial increase in blastocyst development, whereas injection of CDKN1C-spec
  
  
  
  
   127 the morula stage and cell sub-populations in blastocysts, differential histone modification expressio
   128 ls of the inner cell mass (ICM) of the mouse blastocyst differentiate into the pluripotent epiblast o
   129  the absence of a functional TE, Chd4 mutant blastocysts do not implant and are hence not viable.    
   130 ells within the inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst does not respond to differentiation signals a
  
   132 h all somatic H1 subtypes are present in the blastocyst, each stage of preimplantation development is
   133 aintenance of inner cell mass cells of mouse blastocysts, embryonic fibroblasts, and myoblasts, but i
  
   135  embryos and 52.4% and 80.7% for transfer of blastocyst embryos when fresh autologous oocytes were us
  
   137   Following Myc inhibition, pre-implantation blastocysts enter biosynthetic dormancy but can progress
   138 lly diapaused blastocysts in vivo and paused blastocysts ex vivo display pronounced reductions in mTO
  
  
  
  
   143 Here, we further explore the role of Oct4 in blastocyst formation and specification of epiblast versu
  
   145 t zygote viscoelastic properties can predict blastocyst formation in humans and mice within hours aft
  
   147 pression of KDM4A significantly improves the blastocyst formation rate in human SCNT embryos by facil
  
   149 ch Tcfap2c acts in a hierarchy to facilitate blastocyst formation through transcriptional regulation 
   150 bryos with Tcfap2c knockdown embryos rescued blastocyst formation via direct contribution to the trop
  
  
  
  
  
  
   157  Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), like the blastocyst from which they are derived, contain precurso
   158 me profiles more closely resembling those of blastocysts from developmentally competent oocytes.     
   159  metabolic disorders that were identified in blastocysts from mitochondrial DNA deficient oocytes.   
  
   161 ith such increased potency into a tetraploid blastocyst gives rise to an entire embryo with a higher 
  
  
   164 and BHMT activity is similarly detectable in blastocyst homogenates but not those of two-cell or moru
   165 son to inner cell masses of marmoset primate blastocysts identifies a similar complement of pluripote
   166 ce, their secretions play important roles in blastocyst implantation and stromal cell decidualization
   167 e completely infertile because of defects in blastocyst implantation and stromal cell decidualization
   168  defects in pregnancy are evident as reduced blastocyst implantation and subsequent defects in stroma
   169  uterus to influence uterine receptivity and blastocyst implantation for the establishment of pregnan
   170 triguingly, i.p. injections of LIF initiated blastocyst implantation in the uteri of both gland-conta
  
   172     In mice, the uterus becomes receptive to blastocyst implantation on day 4, but is refractory by d
  
  
   175 ls into a cup-shaped epithelium as the mouse blastocyst implants is a poorly understood and yet key d
   176 ed in the inner cell mass (ICM) of the early blastocyst in a 'salt and pepper' manner, and are subseq
  
  
   179 ral-like particles and Gag proteins in human blastocysts, indicating that early human development pro
   180 d a functional assay utilizing interspecific blastocyst injection and in vitro culture (interspecies 
  
  
   183 mmed to pluripotency or near-pluripotency by blastocyst injection, by somatic cell nuclear transfer a
   184 romosome and contribute to embryos following blastocyst injection, generating germline-competent chim
  
   186  matrix allows hES cell line derivation from blastocyst inner cell mass and single blastomere cells w
  
  
   189 ithin the inner cell mass (ICM) of the mouse blastocyst involves initial co-expression of lineage-ass
  
   191  from the inner cell mass (ICM) in the mouse blastocyst is determined by position-dependent Hippo sig
   192  mass (ICM) and the trophoblast layer of the blastocyst is known to occur, but its functional consequ
   193 show that OCT4's major early activity in the blastocyst is to support primitive endoderm differentiat
   194 luripotency factor in the inner cell mass of blastocysts, is also expressed in unipotent primordial g
   195 le such cells are readily derived from mouse blastocysts it has not been possible to isolate human eq
  
   197 polyploid blastomere, compaction, morula and blastocyst-like stages by light, scanning electron or th
  
  
  
  
  
   203 to demonstrate that the bias observed in the blastocyst persists into postimplantation stages and the
   204 tal cell number in the resulting morulae and blastocysts positively correlated with the zinc spark am
   205 plantation in the maternal uterus, the mouse blastocyst possesses an inner cell mass comprising two l
   206  during mammalian embryogenesis arise in the blastocyst, producing the inner cell mass and the trophe
   207 ides a twofold increase in the efficiency of blastocyst production after in vitro fertilization.     
   208 ocyte microinjection reduced lysis, improved blastocyst rate, increased the number of targeted bi-all
   209 Sperm motility, viability, fertilization and blastocyst rates were lower in Prdx6 (-/-) spermatozoa t
   210  parthenotes and zygotes that developed into blastocysts released more zinc than those that failed to
  
   212 ed that derivation from plating intact human blastocysts resulted predominantly in the outgrowth of T
   213 re reproducibly down-regulated in Tet1/3 DKO blastocysts, resulting in a characteristic phenotype of 
   214 at injecting MVs isolated from ES cells into blastocysts results in an increase in their implantation
   215 Klf5 Furthermore, Klf5 KO and overexpressing blastocysts showed skewed lineage specification phenotyp
   216 ell embryos and individual embryonic day 3.5 blastocysts showed unexpectedly variable gene expression
   217 ome DNA methylation datasets from single pig blastocysts showing differences between in vivo and in v
   218 ) were compared between embryos reaching the blastocyst stage and growth-arrested embryos (degenerate
   219 he oocyte, these aneuploidies persist at the blastocyst stage and the reasons for the high incidence 
   220 er insemination decreased development to the blastocyst stage at day 7 and reduced numbers of trophec
   221 yos failed to proceed from the morula to the blastocyst stage because of defects in the molecular arc
   222 at the morula stage; BHMT is abundant at the blastocyst stage but not other preimplantation stages, a
   223  is increased in 16-cell embryos, and by the blastocyst stage cells fail to properly adopt a TE gene 
   224 of embryonic and extra-embryonic lineages in blastocyst stage embryos, the formation of the three ger
   225 d in decreased development of embryos to the blastocyst stage in vitro and a reduction in inner cell 
  
   227 tion of Cdx2 develop normally until the late blastocyst stage leading to the conclusion that Cdx2 is 
   228 We show that inhibition of aPKC from the mid blastocyst stage not only prevents sorting of PrE precur
  
   230 opment of these fertilized oocytes up to the blastocyst stage was also similar to that registered in 
   231   This promotes efficient development to the blastocyst stage with no detectable effect on aneuploidy
   232 d not reduce developmental efficiency to the blastocyst stage, and genome integrity was maintained pr
   233 mpetent to become fertilized, advance to the blastocyst stage, and give rise to live young than their
   234 nt of mouse embryos from the morula to early blastocyst stage, based on 4D confocal image volumes.   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   254   Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from blastocyst-stage embryos and are thought to be functiona
   255  include the establishment of XEN cells from blastocyst-stage embryos in either standard embryonic or
  
  
  
   259 y of cis-regulatory elements employed in the blastocyst, stem cell populations and the postimplantati
  
  
   262 t alleviate oxidative stress, and Tead4(-/-) blastocysts that formed under these conditions expressed
   263 s after 5 d, and the second starts with late blastocysts that upon dissection of the mural trophectod
   264 protocol: the first starts with intact early blastocysts that upon zona removal can attach to the sub
   265     Supplementation increased development to blastocyst, the final stage of preimplantation developme
  
   267 mpared with numerous conventional lines from blastocysts, they had unique gene expression and DNA met
  
   269 operates on the hypomethylated genome of the blastocyst to achieve tissue-specific patterns of gene e
  
   271 lls communicate with trophoblasts within the blastocyst to increase their ability to migrate into the
   272 1 individual cells from early and late human blastocysts to delineate dynamic gene-expression changes
  
   274 bryos to DKK1 during the period of morula to blastocyst transition (between d 5 and 8 of development)
   275 nduced deletion of Oct4 during the morula to blastocyst transition disrupts the ability of inner cell
  
  
   278  is regulated through Hippo and Notch in the blastocyst trophectoderm, unexpectedly finding that it i
   279  establishment of three cell lineages in the blastocyst: trophectoderm, primitive endoderm, and epibl
  
  
   282 A physiological role for betaine and BHMT in blastocyst viability was further indicated by increased 
   283 njecting mouse PSCs into Pdx-1-deficient rat blastocysts, we generated rat-sized pancreata composed o
   284      Likewise, fewer blastocyst and expanded blastocyst were collected from the reproductive tract of
  
   286 mbryos arrested with 2-4 cells and almost no blastocysts were produced; by contrast, XY(d-1) females 
   287 eight-cell Tead4(-/-) embryos developed into blastocysts when cultured under conditions that alleviat
   288 ower percentage of oocytes cleaved or formed blastocysts when STIM1 was downregulated prior to fertil
   289 consistent with the inner cell mass of human blastocysts, where MYC transcriptional activity is highe
   290 KN1C gene showed the highest upregulation in blastocysts whereas PHLDA2 was highly expressed in degen
   291 ing cancer cell lines into early-stage mouse blastocysts, which induces central immune tolerance.    
  
   293  is expressed in all cell populations of the blastocyst, while Fgfr2 expression becomes restricted to
  
  
   296  producing embryos ranging from four-cell to blastocyst with donor paternal origin confirmed in 7/81 
   297 e first generated genetic mosaic ovaries and blastocysts with stochastic expression of wild-type or m
  
   299 controls, and this variability correlated in blastocysts with variably increased 5mC/5hmC in gene bod
  
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