ライフサイエンスコーパス: body plan

1 ted by few taxa, all of which have a radiate body plan.

2 ionalized gene expression that specifies the body plan.

3 d questions about the origin of their unique body plan.

4 ess of medusan swimmers despite their simple body plan.

5 o be crucial for the proper formation of the body plan.

6 scles and establish the segmental vertebrate body plan.

7 portant mechanism that shapes the vertebrate body plan.

8 are also noteworthy for their highly derived body plan.

9 des insight in to the origin of the chordate body plan.

10 t do not transition through the anguilliform body plan.

11 ons at upstream phases of development of the body plan.

12 refore do not conform to the standard fungal body plan.

13 works (GRNs) that control development of the body plan.

14 required to establish the anterior-posterior body plan.

15 ochord is a defining feature of the chordate body plan.

16 which guides the evolution of aspects of the body plan.

17 rior axis is a key feature of the bilaterian body plan.

18 irect the development of the basic segmented body plan.

19 istinct cells, tissues, and organs along the body plan.

20 shing left-right asymmetry of the vertebrate body plan.

21 gical and physiological roles in the variant body plan.

22 st organize into discrete entities to form a body plan.

23 ary and sufficient to determine the anterior body plan.

24 induction and establishment of the embryonic body plan.

25 ion essential for the origin of the chordate body plan.

26 ratory movements that fashion the vertebrate body plan.

27 uctive events and cell movements fashion the body plan.

28 m layers that are the basis of the embryonic body plan.

29 rans, rather than a compact, tardigrade-like body plan.

30 heart to disturbances in the left-right (LR) body plan.

31 Xenopus embryo are involved in creating the body plan.

32 ventually leading to a left-right asymmetric body plan.

33 e Spemann organizer and establishment of the body plan.

34 central role in establishing the vertebrate body plan.

35 Laterality is fundamental to the vertebrate body plan.

36 sm propelling the generation of the metazoan body plan.

37 increasing cell number to elaboration of the body plan.

38 a, Phyllodocida) with a remarkable branching body plan.

39 ripts into proteins to pattern the mammalian body plan.

40 yonic axis and subsequent development of the body plan.

41 derstudied - marine worms with a very simple body plan.

42 he gene networks that sustain the vertebrate body plan.

43 ternal organs that would suggest a bilateral body plan.

44 ile in other niches selection favors simpler body plans.

45 specialized swollen or horseshoe-crab-shaped body plans.

46 at potentiated the diversification of animal body plans.

47 nto the origins of deuterostome and chordate body plans.

48 ian evolution to build the various forms and body plans.

49 l principles about the holistic evolution of body plans.

50 al timing in plants with radically different body plans.

51 kernel as principal organizer of bilaterian body plans.

52 Segmentation is an organizing principle of body plans.

53 tworks that regulate development of metazoan body plans.

54 exhibits a corresponding diversity of adult body plans.

55 ngst the first groups to evolve fully modern body plans.

56 is fundamental to the development of complex body plans.

57 oles of this gene in the evolution of insect body plans.

58 gene expression drive evolution of metazoan body plans.

59 ifferent cell types and the establishment of body plans.

60 or growth may facilitate evolution of animal body plans.

61 text and enabled the evolution of land-plant body plans.

62 ental constraints to the evolution of animal body plans.

63 e developmental genetic networks for shaping body plans.

64 isms evolve in ways that can produce diverse body plans.

65 interactions that direct ontogeny of animal body plans.

66 g during the development of animal and plant body plans.

67 sses two distinct ways of evolving divergent body plans.

68 arly "Cambrian of virtually all phylum-level body plans.

69 euterostome animals exhibit widely divergent body plans.

70 sms that embryos utilize to form coordinated body plans.

71 Streptocarpus comprises species with diverse body plans.

72 35 'phyla' based upon the notion of distinct body plans.

73 ich marks specific adaptations of the larval body plans.

74 ized animals maintain similarly proportioned body plans.

75 up will shed light on the evolution of novel body plans.

76 onstraints that restrict the origin of novel body plans.

77 cial for differentiating Hox functions along body plans.

78 s was driven by crucial innovations to their body plans.

79 are a fundamental feature of the vertebrate body plan [1].

80 rs repeatedly evolved long- and short-necked body plans [1, 2].

81 ct developers with distinct larval and adult body plans [1].

82 nto the origins and diversification of their body plans [3-9].

83 These attributes make the arthropod body plan a valuable model for elucidating how changes i

84 compatible with the conservation of similar body plans across large evolutionary distances.

85 ately give rise to a diploblastic epithelial body plan after gastrulation [2, 3].

86 ssential for the generation of the mammalian body plan, although relatively little is known about the

87 ia seem to indicate a divergent long-snouted body plan among some derived tyrannosaurids, but the rar

88 cellular rearrangements shapes the embryonic body plan and appropriately positions the organ primordi

89 phibian counterpart in the organizer signals body plan and cell fate during embryogenesis, planarian

90 Chordate in body plan and development, the larva provides an outstan

91 ecessary for the development of the chordate body plan and for the formation of the vertebral column

92 gulating the regionalization of the metazoan body plan and for the study of the attributes of these f

93 entral to the organization of the vertebrate body plan and is controlled by the node/organizer.

94 ed in accordance with the animal's change in body plan and locomotor strategy.

95 The basic body plan and major physiological axes have been highly

96 The vertebrate body plan and organs are shaped during a conserved embry

97 at deviates from other tyrannosaurids in its body plan and presumably its ecological habits.

98 detrimental to cell movements that shape the body plan and that chz represents a novel model system f

99 sition are crucial for defining the phyletic body plan and that the mid-developmental transition may

100 tterning mechanisms involved in the chordate body plan and the origin of vertebrates.

101 erates the proper anatomical topology of the body plan and vital organs.

102 plosion' (540-520 Ma) of new, energy-sapping body plans and behaviours has proved more elusive.

103 m increases the known diversity in cnidarian body plans and demonstrates that a muscular, wormlike fo

104 s facilitated the formation of upright bushy body plans and enabled the invasion of land.

105 gene families are key determinants of animal body plans and organ structure.

106 rmal development and morphogenesis of animal body plans and organ systems, abnormal cell migration du

107 ossils provide crucial insights into extinct body plans and organismal evolution.

108 old hypotheses about the evolution of animal body plans and to elaborate new ones.

109 d their relatives) have a great disparity of body plans and, among the animals, only arthropods surpa

110 theropods are characterized by a generalized body plan, and all well-known taxa possess deep and robu

111 al gene expression in the development of the body plan, and its appearance in remote evolutionary tim

112 p of animals with a predominantly epithelial body plan, and perhaps selective pressures to pattern ep

113 apid cell turnover, few cell types, a simple body plan, and the fact that the germ line is not segreg

114 llion years ago greatly modified the amniote body plan, and the morphological plasticity of the shell

115 late the PS and contribute to the vertebrate body plan, and the precise role that Wnt3a plays in regu

116 Bilateria, (ii) the diversity of bilaterian body plans, and (iii) the uniqueness and time of onset o

117 elates with critical aspects of all metazoan body plans, and comprises cell cycle control and growth,

118 os; however, their roles in the evolution of body plan are largely unknown.

119 Basic body plans are organized by the end of gastrulation and

120 An alternative is that basic body plans are potentially quite labile, but are activel

121 Although metazoan body plans are remarkably diverse, the structure and fun

122 Plant body plans arise by the activity of meristematic growing

123 estor was relatively simple and more complex body plans arose later in evolution.

124 ence and anterior-posterior extension of the body plan, as well as in craniofacial cartilage formatio

125 evolutionary assembly of the group's common body plan, as well the divergence of the two living gnat

126 a scalidophoran, providing new insights into body-plan assembly among constituent phyla.

127 required to initiate the multiple changes in body plan associated with shade avoidance.

128 that segmentation of their larval and adult body plans at least partially recovers.

129 hoot of higher plants has a simple conserved body plan based on three major tissue systems: the epide

130 molecular correlate of a major difference in body plan between hemichordate larval and adult forms an

131 Many of the morphological differences in body plans between animal groups are thought to result f

132 sms that share a prototypical tadpole larval body plan but are separated by over half a billion years

133 rganisms arise not only from their enigmatic body plans, but also from confusion surrounding the sedi

134 een widely linked to the evolution of animal body plans, but functional demonstrations of this relati

135 l for studying the specification of the same body plan by different developmental programs.

136 nterior-posterior organization of a chordate body plan can be developed without the classical morphog

137 Furthermore, cells throughout the body plan can mount this response and reassess their new

138 morphology seen in insects shows that these body plan changes have generally favored alterations in

139 ring embryonic and larvae development led to body plan changes in larvae but to mere quantitative cha

140 and abd-A disruption generating a simplified body plan characterized by a loss of specialization in b

141 iona tadpole larvae exhibit a basic chordate body plan characterized by a small number of neural cell

142 f rangeomorph morphologies reveals a fractal body plan characterized by self-similar, axial, apical,

143 , snakes display extreme variations in their body plan, characterized by the absence of limbs and an

144 In evolution, body plan complexity increases due to an increase in the

145 According to the hourglass model, body plan conservation would depend on constrained molec

146 The establishment of the mammalian body plan depends on signal-regulated cell migration and

147 The elegance of animal body plans derives from an intimate connection between f

148 omponent of the localization dynamics of the body plan determinant oskar mRNA.

149 inhibition might be a unifying principle of body plan development in most animals.

150 , such as those involved in triploblasty and body plan development, that facilitated the evolution of

151 ongation of the body axis is a key aspect of body plan development.

152 Striking body-plan differences among these phyla have historicall

153 The turtle body plan differs markedly from that of other vertebrate

154 rs provide important insights into molluscan body plan disparity.

155 ting our understanding of early panarthropod body plan diversification.

156 ology, or evo-devo, broadly investigates how body plan diversity and morphological novelties have ari

157 ed to understand the developmental basis for body plan diversity.

158 with the elaboration of a three-dimensional body plan during gastrulation.

159 ion for understanding the diversification of body plans during animal evolution.

160 xpression controls that generate the complex body plans during development.

161 To establish the animal body plan, embryos link the external epidermis to the in

162 es of macroevolutionary changes in arthropod body plans, especially in understanding how these transf

163 molecular mechanisms underpinning vertebrate body plan evolution are beginning to be unravelled.

164 terning mechanisms can be used to understand body plan evolution despite variation in gastrulation mo

165 mbrian fossils underpin a new hypothesis for body plan evolution in the deepest branching lineages of

166 An equivalent period of tetraploidy and body plan evolution may have ended for animals 500 milli

167 reveal interesting perspectives about animal body plan evolution, but were early bilaterian animals l

168 Similarities in body plan evolution, such as wings in pterosaurs, birds,

169 have furthered our understanding of metazoan body plan evolution.

170 innovation of morphologically complex plant body plans facilitated colonization of the vertical land

171 The vertebrate body plan features a consistent left-right (LR) asymmetr

172 The vertebrate body plan follows stereotypical dorsal-ventral (D-V) tis

173 a-catenin controls posterior identity during body plan formation in most bilaterally symmetric animal

174 gulation of key signalling pathways in early body plan formation.

175 As a wound heals, or a body plan forms, or a tumour invades, observed cellular

176 uggest that the degeneration of the myxozoan body plan from a free-living cnidarian to a microscopic

177 ent the stepwise evolution of the aculiferan body plan from forms with a single, almost conchiferan-l

178 so that by the blastoderm stage, the entire body plan has been determined.

179 ow from the conclusion that evolution of the body plan has occurred by alteration of the structure of

180 Vertebrate body plans have a conserved left-right (LR) asymmetry ma

181 so little, while the class- and family-level body plans have changed so greatly since the early Cambr

182 ion is why the phylum- and superphylum-level body plans have changed so little, while the class- and

183 anding of how fundamental features of animal body plans have emerged.

184 to illuminate the mechanisms by which animal body plans have evolved.

185 A recent meeting in Kyoto on "Building the Body Plan: How Cell Adhesion, Signaling, and Cytoskeleta

186 d insects to birds and mammals show distinct body plans; however, the embryonic development of divers

187 l for patterning the anterior-posterior (AP) body plan in Drosophila.

188 The shoot represents the basic body plan in land plants.

189 In contrast to flowering plants, changes in body plan in P. patens are regulated by cues acting at t

190 d that a chordate can develop the phylotypic body plan in the absence of the classical morphogenetic

191 The specification of the body plan in vertebrates and invertebrates is controlled

192 Establishment of the body plan in vertebrates depends on the temporally coord

193 lipohil and crystal cells, and an organized body plan in which different cell types are arranged in

194 Animals establish their body plans in embryogenesis, but only a few animals can

195 This paper examines larval and adult body plans in the deuterostomes and discusses two distin

196 first to evolve many of those "dinosaurian" body plans in the Triassic Period [6-8].

197 esence of four markedly different echinoderm body plans in these earliest faunas indicates that consi

198 ve rise to the most caudal structures of the body plan including the urogenital and anorectal complex

199 vity, in order to maintain and stabilize the body plan initially established by those same signaling

200 For organisms whose body plan is a spherical shell, such as the volvocine gr

201 ed to support the idea that the enteropneust body plan is basal within the phylum Hemichordata.

202 Development of the animal body plan is controlled by large gene regulatory network

203 Although the basic plant body plan is established during embryogenesis, the molec

204 The metameric organization of the vertebrate body plan is established during somitogenesis as somite

205 Extensive regeneration of the vertebrate body plan is found in salamander and fish species.

206 A segmented body plan is fundamental to all vertebrate species and t

207 ly stages of evolution, and the anguilliform body plan is gradually lost during later stages of evolu

208 The metameric organization of the insect body plan is initiated with the activation of gap genes,

209 rachievers outnumber us all, their segmented body plan is remarkably labile, they combine a capacity

210 A second way of evolving a divergent body plan is to become colonial, as seen in hemichordate

211 ationship between egg polarity and the adult body plan is well understood in many bilaterians.

212 The generation of metameric body plans is a key process in development.

213 erm in mouse), acquired a role in fixing the body plan: it controls epiblast cell movements leading t

214 Panarthropoda that had a relatively elongate body plan like most arthropods and onychophorans, rather

215 l evolution after the development of a novel body plan may be a common feature of macroevolution, as

216 tent with the view that animals with diverse body plans may derive their asymmetries from the same in

217 Conservation of phyletic body plans may have been due to the retention since pre-

218 consider how perturbation of the left-right body plan might ultimately result in particular types of

219 ies of the body plan versus major aspects of body plan morphology.

220 tion, whereas others affect major aspects of body plan morphology.

221 n the evolutionary development of this novel body plan, most evident in its still-distinct abdominal

222 tory networks (GRNs), and hence evolution of body plans must depend upon change in the architecture o

223 ogical features of the two main hemichordate body plans, namely the tentacle-less enteropneusts and t

224 Despite a uniform body plan, nematodes are more diverse at the molecular l

225 Evolution of animal body plans occurs with changes in the encoded genomic pr

226 A striking feature of the body plan of a majority of animals is bilateral symmetry

227 These results demonstrate that the body plan of an animal phylum can originate by the loss

228 dhaerens, a metazoan with the simplest known body plan of any animal, possessing no organs, no basal

229 The fractal body plan of rangeomorphs is shown to maximize surface a

230 ns during the Cambrian explosion, the simple body plan of sponges (Phylum Porifera) emerged from the

231 e insight into the embryology, genomics, and body plan of the ancestral vertebrate.

232 latory pathways, establish much of the basic body plan of the angiosperm embryo.

233 Our phylogenies illustrate that the body plan of the colossal species evolved piecemeal, imp

234 It is during embryogenesis that the body plan of the developing plant is established.

235 orphogenetic controls to establish the basic body plan of the embryo.

236 tissue organization and establishment of the body plan of the mammalian embryo.

237 ment in vitro into structures that mimic the body plan of the post-implantation embryo.

238 The basic vertebrate body plan of the zebrafish embryo is established in the

239 To investigate whether the segmented body plan of these two phyla share a common molecular gr

240 shares many unique features with the shelled body plan of turtles.

241 The segmented body plan of vertebrate embryos arises through segmentat

242 er crucial insights into how the distinctive body plan of vertebrates evolved, but reading this pre-b

243 The segmented body plan of vertebrates is prefigured by reiterated emb

244 The basic body plan of wiwaxiids is fundamentally conserved across

245 iant cell lineages typically producing small body plans of 1000 somatic cells.

246 Here we compare the larval and adult body plans of an indirect developing hemichordate, Schiz

247 ding transcription factors that regulate the body plans of metazoans by regulating the expression of

248 niches, evolution may act to complexify the body plans of organisms while in other niches selection

249 ommon pathway patterns both larval and adult body plans of the ambulacrarian ancestor and provides in

250 in Hox genes have contributed to changes in body plan or morphology.

251 d in the Paleozoic origins of major metazoan body plans, or in the origin of tetrapods.

252 the most notable features of the vertebrate body plan organization is its bilateral symmetry, eviden

253 lution of animals led to profound changes in body plan organization, symmetry and the rise of tissue

254 etry is a striking feature of the vertebrate body plan organization.

255 d transcends vast differences in ecology and body-plan organization.

256 sight into the evolution of the diversity of body plan patterning networks.

257 ion in embryos and adults, metamorphosis and body plan patterning.

258 rds the appearance of essentially all animal body plans (phyla), yet to date no single hypothesis ade

259 The diverse array of body plans possessed by arthropods is created by generat

260 ll tyrannosauroids with a tyrannosaurid-like body plan preceded the Late Cretaceous rise of the colos

261 and millipedes) display a simple homonomous body plan relative to other arthropods.

262 his clade and its extraordinarily successful body plan remain obscure.

263 of Mesozoic flying reptiles that underwent a body plan reorganization, adaptive radiation, and replac

264 The development of a complex body plan requires a diversity of regulatory networks.

265 ses, and has been functionally implicated in body plan segmentation in two of the three diverse segme

266 Eunotosaurus and modern turtles possessed a body plan significantly influenced by digging.

267 h is consistent with functions after initial body-plan specification.

268 ial to understand the evolutionary source of body plan stability.

269 of change affect terminal properties of the body plan such as occur in speciation, whereas others af

270 ng tagmosis, as well as other aspects of the body plan, such as appendage and cuticular morphology.

271 ned embryo to induce major components of the body plan, such as the neural plate and somites.

272 many termite symbionts, it has a conspicuous body plan that makes genus-level identification relative

273 ersification in the evolution of new diploid body plans that appeared when land plants evolved from a

274 n the Tree of Life are marked by stereotyped body plans that have been maintained over long periods o

275 blishes the symmetry properties of its adult body plan through the bilaterally symmetric divisions of

276 rdate Oikopleura dioica maintains a chordate body plan throughout life, and yet its genome appears to

277 networks and use flexible, undifferentiated body plans to forage for food.

278 ch meristems are active, plants adjust their body plans to suit local environmental conditions.

279 define cell positions in accordance with the body plan, to decompose complex 3D movements and to quan

280 regulatory sequence associated with a major body plan transition and highlight the role of enhancers

281 following metamorphosis the adults acquire a body plan unique for the deuterostomes.

282 Despite enormous body plan variation, genes regulating embryonic developm

283 ing a decoupling of character evolution from body plan variety.

284 tionary rates for terminal properties of the body plan versus major aspects of body plan morphology.

285 at one of the first steps toward the shelled body plan was broadening of the ribs (approximately 50 m

286 and birds in morphospace, but once the avian body plan was gradually assembled, birds experienced an

287 ic small, lightweight, feathered, and winged body plan was pieced together gradually over tens of mil

288 Evolution of this body plan was thought critical for the success of the Fu

289 ips to each other and the evolution of their body plans - was based on a consideration of the morphol

290 Whereas the vast majority of body plans were established as a result of the CE, taxon

291 -adjusting mechanism that restores the basic body plan when deviations from the norm occur, rather th

292 there is one for each segmental unit of the body plan where the genes are expressed.

293 tennae, are structures common to many animal body plans which must have arisen at least once, and pro

294 The snake has a serpentiform body plan with an elongate trunk, short tail, and large

295 volutionary history they maintained a unique body plan with two pairs of large wing-like flippers, bu

296 owever, the embryonic development of diverse body plans with tissues and organs within is controlled

297 hesis is its prediction that the fundamental body plan within a basal phylum of deuterostomes was ent

298 r of an evolutionarily recurrent arborescent body plan within vascular plants.

299 ationships and the evolution of unique adult body plans within monophyletic groups.

300 In the development of the vertebrate body plan, Wnt3a is thought to promote the formation of