ライフサイエンスコーパス: bottom

1 s, including nidogen and perlecan (Figure 1, bottom).

2 minin and one of type IV collagen (Figure 1, bottom).

3 and on the nucleophilic attack site (top or bottom).

4 nels exposing the electrode surface from the bottom.

5 Participants in the top and bottom 10% of the risk distribution underwent standard a

6 Improving the nutrition status for the bottom 50% of the population to the median diet is accom

7 functions (falls: +83%; time top: -43%; time bottom: +93%; abnormal behaviours: +138%; inability to a

8 made from 22 x 10 and 21 x 9 crystals in the bottom and top layers, respectively, with respective lay

9 layers using a systems biology-fueled top-to-bottom approach and demonstrated immune-related function

10 Tr-QLEDs) are reported with high brightness (bottom: approximately 43 000 cd m(-2) , top: approximate

11 treatment showed separation of starch in the bottom aqueous phase but is an additional step in extrac

12 emoval from all leases in both states (5% of bottom area) plus denitrification losses showed increase

13 Portuguese margins, on muddy and muddy-sand bottoms between 200 and 700 m water depths, while in the

14 ltiple proteolytic processing sites in Glass bottom boat (Gbb), the Drosophila BMP7 ortholog, can pro

15 .8%, showing promise for improvements of the bottom cell of all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

16 It considers the top and bottom channel walls' stabilizing effects on electrokine

17 t were differentially expressed in the crypt bottom, creating an SC signature for normal colonic epit

18 e the fact that exciton states near the band bottom crucial for transport are only weakly delocalized

19 nd 6/7 nucleotides downstream on the top and bottom DNA strands, respectively, in an NTP-hydrolysis d

20 communities, mainly composed of small-sized bottom-dwelling benthivores, are being rapidly replaced

21 foliated from In2 Se3 crystals on a graphene bottom electrode, it is shown that SET/RESET programmed

22 cuum is close to the Fermi level of the gold bottom electrode, the devices exhibit robust and highly

23 CH3); these SAMs are positioned between gold bottom electrodes and Ga2O3/EGaIn top electrodes.

24 loped and used for the monitoring of top and bottom fermentations in beer wort samples.

25 Comparing the top to the bottom fifth of the score, the hazard ratio of incident

26 fficacy composite endpoints extending to the bottom first percentile (LDL-cholesterol concentrations

27 w systems given the many benefits over round bottom flasks.

28 their vicinity due to diffusion toward weak bottom flows.

29 d with the sampled ranks (its rank is in the bottom [Formula: see text] of sampled ranks), then this

30 hing values of almost 3 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) in bottom-gate top-contact organic field-effect transistors

31 Higher current is observed when the bottom gold electrode is biased positively.

32 d in parallel and sandwiched between top and bottom graphene electrodes.

33 ssociation among women (for top quartile vs. bottom, hazard ratio (HR) = 3.36, 95% confidence interva

34 In the absence of energy subsidies [1], bottom-heavy trophic pyramids are expected to predominat

35 nojunction has a depth of ca. 100 nm and the bottom layer is ca. 900 nm.

36 yers are relatively smaller in size than the bottom layers, resulting in the presence of edges/steps

37 m manipulation of small RNAs involved in top-bottom leaf patterning and from a novel synthetic biolog

38 a consensus report, and provided a clinical bottom line based on the best evidence available.

39 Bottom Line: Adding a sulfonylurea to insulin was associ

40 Bottom Line: Antifungal treatment administered prior to

41 Bottom Line: Certain antiepileptic drugs were associated

42 Bottom Line: For patients who are dependent on prescript

43 Bottom Line: Patient decision aids are associated with i

44 Bottom Line: Radiofrequency catheter ablation was found

45 Bottom Line: The evidence from randomized clinical trial

46 Bottom Line: There is high-quality evidence of benefit f

47 Bottom Line: There is moderate-quality evidence that con

48 Bottom Line: There was low- to moderate-quality evidence

49 Bottom Line: Use of topical and systemic antibiotics for

50 sheet consisting of strands from the top and bottom molecules, revealing the self-healing ability of

51 sandwiched between an upper rotating rod and bottom nonmoving generator and collector planar electrod

52 234 to form a catalytic triad located at the bottom of an open cleft that is large enough to accommod

53 rypt and villus units with stem cells at the bottom of the crypts.

54 c fissure (OF), a transient structure at the bottom of the eye.

55 urce of the seismic anisotropic layer at the bottom of the lower mantle (D'' layer).

56 g White and Black Americans from the top and bottom of the national income distribution, participants

57 -beta90 hydrogen bond network located at the bottom of the peptide-binding groove, spanning from the

58 y fluid flow through small open pores at the bottom of the porous well arrays.

59 -to-residue interactions between D411 at the bottom of the S1, and lower S4 domain charged and unchar

60 t spots resulting from the conjugates at the bottom of the sample vials were easily visualized by the

61 that line the inner pore region nearest the bottom of the selectivity filter.

62 n DNA in a Middle Pleistocene layer near the bottom of the stratigraphy.

63 a nonneutralizing determinant located at the bottom of the trimer.

64 ed to the C-terminal His tag located at the "bottom" of the spike.

65 er paint systems where different layers-top, bottom, or both-are heterogeneous.

66 formers for older patients were also top and bottom performers for all patients.

67 In contrast, most top and bottom performers for older patients were also top and b

68 tals for older patients were neither top nor bottom performers for younger patients.

69 Most top- and bottom-performing hospitals for older patients were neit

70 uarks (b) causes the analogous reaction with bottom quarks () to have a much larger energy release of

71 g energy (approximately 280 MeV) between two bottom quarks (b) causes the analogous reaction with bot

72 ensity score-matched groups: patients in the bottom quartile of travel distance who underwent treatme

73 ge PM exposure, the comparing the top to the bottom quintile of PM exposure was 0.85 [95% confidence

74 paring ALA intake at the top quintile to the bottom quintile was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.56; P-trend =

75 Sub-bottom records reveal a remarkable set of sediment-infil

76 croplastic particles by Tubifex tubifex from bottom sediments in a major urban waterbody fed by the R

77 allowing temperature compatibility with most bottom substrates or sub-cells.

78 t fluid input channel and +37 degrees on the bottom surface of the channel to align with the directio

79 s by tuning the Fermi levels of both top and bottom surfaces.

80 The bottom template is found to play an important role in st

81 to have DR compared with participants in the bottom tertile.

82 Females consistently had longer bottom times, and in the Celtic and Irish Seas they used

83 iar nitrogen (N) allocation, increasing from bottom to top of plant canopies, emerge as a plastic res

84 Bottom trawling can change food availability for benthiv

85 Mapping and quantifying bottom trawling fishing pressure on the seafloor is pivo

86 Bottom trawling is the most widespread human activity af

87 iversity and provide natural protection from bottom-trawling activities.

88 relative risks comparing the top versus the bottom troponin third were 1.43 (95% confidence interval

89 babilistic approach, we show that across the bottom two-thirds of the two LLSVPs the mean density is

90 Our novel method offers a bottom up explanation of population-level migratory move

91 four times greater than our region-specific bottom up inventory-based estimate.

92 Through a purposeful sample and bottom up strategies 749 representatives of voluntary or

93 erformance 3D nanodevices assembled from the bottom up.

94 Both top-down (grazing) and bottom-up (resource availability) forces can determine t

95 s provide the groundwork for a comprehensive bottom-up account of speech comprehension in the human b

96 n is maximal when top-down activity precedes bottom-up activity.

97 control diminished the behavioral effects of bottom-up alpha entrainment.

98 -down analysis of visual search tasks with a bottom-up analysis of brain structure and function.

99 nt differences in protein abundance based on bottom-up analysis.

100 anostructure research, from the synthesis by bottom-up and top-down approaches with rational and cont

101 Scientists have employed both bottom-up and top-down approaches, building from molecul

102 rate the importance of the interplay between bottom-up and top-down control in trophically linked com

103 Our linked model integrates bottom-up and top-down effects and is able to simulate c

104 oupled nanocubes in pixels using a fusion of bottom-up and top-down fabrication techniques over wafer

105 gest that in marine ecosystems, pathways for bottom-up and top-down forces are not necessarily mutual

106 In marine ecosystems, the role of bottom-up and top-down forcing has been shown to vary ov

107 ccurs, or whether the relative importance of bottom-up and top-down forcing may shift in response to

108 ode of regulation represented by interacting bottom-up and top-down forcing, analogous to wasp-waist

109 Explicit consideration of bottom-up and top-down interactions may thus contribute

110 identifications derived from high-throughput bottom-up and top-down proteomics workflows depend on ac

111 10 kDa < Mw < 30 kDa), respectively, termed bottom-up and top-down proteomics.

112 This approach effectively combines bottom-up and top-down techniques to obtain control on t

113 uch materials have been investigated using a bottom-up approach by studying the specific interactions

114 eved on a gold surface electrode following a bottom-up approach through an aminated surface obtained

115 Here, we report on a bottom-up approach to assemble a modular tissue consisti

116 We describe a novel bottom-up approach to identify gene modules regulated by

117 The framework brings a top-down and bottom-up approach to provide localized water assessment

118 single microtubules and small networks in a bottom-up approach using optically trapped beads as anch

119 sis we used a spatially explicit, simplified bottom-up approach, based on animal inventories, feed dr

120 Inspired by Gray et al.'s bottom-up approach, we conducted four large-scale studie

121 tive product-level costing is dependent on a bottom-up approach, which is supported through recent in

122 tion at near-stoichiometric mixtures using a bottom-up approach.

123 tural systems following Murray's law using a bottom-up approach.

124 Yet a paucity of scalable bottom-up approaches stymies the harnessing of smart tis

125 to gather resource-use data, accompanied by bottom-up approaches to estimate costs.

126 eeds, and discrepancies between top-down and bottom-up approaches used to estimate SOA from motor veh

127 ighlight the complementarity of top-down and bottom-up approaches, which achieved the characterizatio

128 tides as internal calibrators across various bottom-up assays (i.e., denaturing/digestion conditions)

129 solute" protein concentration assignments by bottom-up assays using peptide calibrators, as well as p

130 summarized, including both the controllable bottom-up assembly from the highly crystalline nanocellu

131 Here we report the bottom-up assembly of aligned CdS nanowalls by a simulta

132 in order to provide interaction data for the bottom-up assembly of protein interaction networks.

133 is a versatile construction material for the bottom-up assembly of structures and functional devices

134 This study describes a bottom-up assembly route for monodisperse carbon dots (C

135 tly, not only did suppressed alpha power and bottom-up causality correlate with heightened frontal ga

136 eld south of San Ardo, CA, and compared to a bottom-up CH4 emission estimate.

137 ators indirectly altered plankton abundance, bottom-up climatic processes dominate plankton dynamics.

138 ts indicate that motor neurons activate this bottom-up connection, and blocking this signal eliminate

139 Bottom-up construction of highly intricate structures fr

140 arch that underscores the importance of this bottom-up control at local, regional, and global scales

141 We found bottom-up control to be the primary mode of ecosystem re

142 truck to appropriately paired sinks using a bottom-up cost model and geo-referencing approach.

143 We found an increase in bottom-up coupling during perception relative to baselin

144 l states can become associated with specific bottom-up cues, and they place the caudate nucleus of th

145 me structure, function, and evolution with a bottom-up design strategy.

146 a oscillations synchronize VTA and mPFC in a bottom-up direction, effectively phase-modulating the ne

147 op-down driven behavior against associative, bottom-up driven behavior, where cognitive control proce

148 e traditional dichotomy between top-down and bottom-up driven behavior.

149 heric studies suggesting an overall sink and bottom-up ecological approaches indicating a modest net

150 Local plant diversity showed a strong bottom-up effect on butterfly diversity in the most comp

151 consumers like tadpoles and snails, causing bottom-up effects on wetland ecosystems.

152 feeding guild, habitat/environment, type of bottom-up effects, type of top-down effects and how cons

153 mportant as litter quantity in driving these bottom-up effects.

154 ts that strongly affected kittiwakes through bottom-up effects.

155 ean emission estimate is 17% higher than the bottom-up emission inventory, which is within stated unc

156 ctural and compositional parameters is their bottom-up engineering from solution-processed nanopartic

157 amolecular chemistry, thereby permitting the bottom-up engineering of increasingly complex reaction n

158 by both top-down contextual information and bottom-up error information.

159 s of 0.16 Tg C yr(-1), similar to a previous bottom-up estimate based on laboratory monoculture studi

160 information for optimizing and upscaling the bottom-up fabrication of GNRs.

161 consuming, whereas natural self-assembly and bottom-up fabrications often result in high defect densi

162 These results demonstrate that top-down and bottom-up forces jointly determine how strongly assembly

163 ysis to compare the strength of top-down and bottom-up forces on consumer fitness, considering multip

164 rbivores were more affected by top-down than bottom-up forces, top-down forces were stronger than bot

165 n general top-down forces were stronger than bottom-up forces.

166 ic levels and only during periods of reduced bottom-up forcing (i.e., weak upwelling, low nutrient co

167 ne cage, I h-C60, is entirely avoided in the bottom-up formation mechanism to afford synthesis of gro

168 pends on a combination of feedforward drive (bottom-up from the previous processing stage), feedback

169 -down beta-band influences directly modulate bottom-up gamma band influences via cross-frequency inte

170 rea 7a to visual area V1 are correlated with bottom-up gamma frequency influences from V1 to area V4,

171 p forces, top-down forces were stronger than bottom-up in both natural and controlled (cultivated) en

172 the visual cortex-cuneus and precuneus) and bottom-up inhibition deficits (reduced posterior-->front

173 rons are more sensitive to stimulus specific bottom-up inputs.

174 Herein, we have demonstrated a bottom-up interfacial crystallization strategy to fabric

175 future changes in emissions independent from bottom-up inventories.

176 Therefore we developed a selective bottom-up LC-MS methodology for quantitative gelatin spe

177 he hydrogen exchange experiments measured by bottom-up mass spectrometry (HX MS), simplifies interpre

178 rid nanostructures is a crucial step in many bottom-up materials fabrication approaches.

179 crease in coastal upwelling translates via a bottom-up mechanism to top predators suggesting that the

180 oat populations are driven by climate-linked bottom-up mechanisms and may have wide ranging implicati

181 ry processing by adjusting both top-down and bottom-up mechanisms in conditions of attention and arou

182 ntrol of stimulus processing if top-down and bottom-up mediating rhythms are coupled via cross-freque

183 Bottom-up method requires large amounts of material for

184 ction of biopharmaceuticals, the traditional bottom-up method, alone for product characterization and

185 the complementary techniques, a top-down and bottom-up method, for the characterization of human grow

186 For the first time, a bottom-up methodology for the stabilization of these nan

187 ce, about 10 per cent of the total, but both bottom-up methods (measuring emissions) and top-down app

188 ly stable two-dimensional (2D) assemblies by bottom-up methods represents a challenge of widespread c

189 elopment of inkjet printing as an attractive bottom-up microfabrication technology due to its simplic

190 ill require a new social movement: combining bottom-up mobilisation of individuals and communities wi

191 An Excel based bottom-up model is developed using engineering first-pri

192 A detailed bottom-up model of pigment organization and energy trans

193 are insufficiently quantified for predictive bottom-up modelling.

194 -ranging functionalities and applications by bottom-up modular approach.

195 ssibility of de novo design-allowing for the bottom-up molecular-level design of genetic control syst

196 th both top-down mass spectrometry (MS), and bottom-up MS paired with a clickable, stable isotope-lab

197 of selective attention that is triggered by bottom-up multisensory integration.

198 he design space and material scalability for bottom-up nanotechnology.

199 consistent with a neural implementation of a bottom-up or left-corner parser of the incoming language

200 quantitation by LC-MS/MS commonly relies on bottom-up or so-called surrogate peptide measurements to

201 control over behavior, producing a bias for bottom-up or stimulus-driven attention.

202 that resembles the appealing features of the bottom-up process in morphogenesis of living tissues.

203 ls into superlattices represents a practical bottom-up process with which to create ordered metamater

204 Usually, organogels are formed by a bottom-up process.

205 -down processes (expectation and memory) and bottom-up processes (based on stimulus features) interac

206 ing a causal effect of top-down processes on bottom-up processes.

207 ms of unlabeled, human thyroglobulin (Tg) by bottom-up protein analysis.

208 Coated capillaries were evaluated for bottom-up proteomic analysis using CZE.

209 ingle ubiquitin preclude the use of standard bottom-up proteomic approaches.

210 obility has been developed using large-scale bottom-up proteomic CE-MS data (5% ( approximately 0.8M)

211 Recently, different bottom-up proteomic methods have been applied to charact

212 ranched chains that cannot be detected using bottom-up proteomic methods.

213 The application of a bottom-up proteomics experiment was investigated to iden

214 tential for ME-SIMS tandem MS development in bottom-up proteomics imaging at high-spatial resolution.

215 The most popular bottom-up proteomics workflow uses trypsin to enzymatica

216 Using mass spectrometry-based bottom-up proteomics, hundreds of proteins were discover

217 Bottom-up proteomics, the most common MS-based proteomic

218 ific have been suggested to be predominately bottom-up regulated.

219 could be targeted for future soil-focussed, bottom-up restoration studies.

220 Finally, we show that bottom-up salience, manipulated through varying stimulus

221 isual attention postulate the existence of a bottom-up saliency map that is formed early in the visua

222 An implementation of a simple foveated bottom-up saliency model with eye movements showed agree

223 he impact of foveation on the computation of bottom-up saliency.

224 ystems by combining top-down fabrication and bottom-up self-assembly methods.

225 lts ever reported for photodetectors made of bottom-up semiconductor nanostructures.

226 es perceptual learning by strengthening both bottom-up sensory encoding and top-down modulation of au

227 rget detection with no significant effect on bottom-up sensory excitability.

228 Because the TRN receives bottom-up sensory input and top-down cortical input, it

229 ms of how well top-down predictions fit with bottom-up sensory input.

230 ole in detecting target stimuli by comparing bottom-up sensory inputs (what the monkeys were looking

231 ribed as a process of inference, integrating bottom-up sensory inputs and top-down expectations.

232 ted signals in neuronal activity may reflect bottom-up sensory processes, top-down decision-related i

233 ixational eye movements, and fluctuations in bottom-up sensory processing.

234 (based on posterior alpha oscillations) and bottom-up sensory-driven causal connectivity (Granger ca

235 ting the major bottleneck in high-throughput bottom-up shotgun lipidomics.

236 al recent studies have demonstrated that the bottom-up signaling of a visual stimulus is subserved by

237 t top-down predictions indeed integrate with bottom-up signals in a manner that is modulated by the p

238 growing understanding that both top-down and bottom-up signals underlie perception.

239 of NMDA receptors and is entirely driven by bottom-up spontaneous input from the olfactory bulb.

240 own control, whereas the gamma-band mediates bottom-up stimulus processing.

241 This bottom-up strategy offers a versatile approach to the ra

242 We use a bottom-up strategy to prepare interacting chiral quantum

243 on of advanced carbon-rich materials, though bottom-up synthesis and structure-property correlation o

244 Here, the authors use a bottom-up synthesis approach to fabricate 9- and 13-atom

245 Tuning surface structures by bottom-up synthesis has been demonstrated as an effectiv

246 Three different GNRs were fabricated by bottom-up synthesis in the liquid phase, where structure

247 Recent advances in bottom-up synthesis of atomically defined graphene nanor

248 The rational bottom-up synthesis of atomically defined graphene nanor

249 Here we demonstrate a technique for generic bottom-up synthesis of complex quantum devices with a sp

250 In the bottom-up synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) from

251 Bottom-up synthesis of low-bandgap graphene nanoribbons

252 r to exploit molecular self-assembly for the bottom-up synthesis of nanomaterials, the effects of che

253 Through surfactant-assisted bottom-up synthesis, the surface-structure modification

254 roduced full material parameters for TMDs in bottom-up synthesis: metal and chalcogen adsorption/deso

255 short-channel field-effect transistors with bottom-up synthesized armchair graphene nanoribbons.Grap

256 rent structural and electronic tunability of bottom-up synthesized GNR-AuNP composites affords an unr

257 of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded in a bottom-up synthesized graphene nanoribbon (GNR) matrix f

258 Edge functionalization of bottom-up synthesized graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with a

259 Bottom-up synthesized graphene nanoribbons and graphene

260 The 4 x 4 array derived by this bottom-up synthetic biology approach can detect grey-sca

261 o employ synthetic chemistry methods, to use bottom-up techniques.

262 In this work, the bottom-up template-assisted preparation of high-density

263 alpha range, without significantly affecting bottom-up thalamocortical inputs indexed by the early co

264 numerous fields, such as 3D bioprinting and bottom-up tissue engineering, as well as drug discovery,

265 evitably, a systematic design goes through a bottom-up understanding of the structurally related elec

266 y "top-down" (consumer release) rather than "bottom-up" (growth promoting) controls.

267 developed a novel strategy by combining the "bottom-up" and "top-down" approaches using both high-res

268 Self-assembling protein layers provide a "bottom-up" approach for precisely organizing functional

269 A novel and versatile "bottom-up" approach is developed to estimate the radiobi

270 imal information-in contrast to traditional "bottom-up" approaches that require ad hoc knowledge of c

271 To provide a "bottom-up" fundamental insight, C-H bond cleavage in met

272 ch nanowires in proper alignments by either "bottom-up" growth techniques or by "top-down" e-beam lit

273 ymers were successfully synthesized through "bottom-up" techniques using Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Co(2+), and

274 gy models are often characterised as either 'bottom-up' (mechanistic) or 'top-down' (statistical).

275 ementitious materials are developed using a 'bottom-up' approach.

276 reement between our 'top-down' and combined 'bottom-up' estimates, indicating that large CH4 emission

277 s are under strong selection from resource ('bottom-up') and consumer ('top-down') controls, but the

278 We conducted a multilevel (Top-Middle-Bottom-Up) approach focusing on the characterization of

279 Given positive (bottom-up) associations between primary production, zoop

280 rug discovery has become more decentralised, bottom-up, and scalable than ever before.

281 multimodal integration, movement initiation, bottom-up, and top-down attention.

282 Despite considerable advances, there is no bottom-up, dynamical account of how, starting from the s

283 We then implemented an orbitrap-based, bottom-up, label-free quantitative proteomics approach,

284 ilities may arise from top-down, rather than bottom-up, signals.

285 ee to which ecosystems are regulated through bottom-up, top-down, or direct physical processes repres

286 of the organ separating the top (dorsal) and bottom (ventral) tissues.

287 in comparison with an unfavorable lifestyle (bottom versus top tertile lifestyle score) had 3.6, 3.5,

288 ygians correspond to locomotory differences: bottom-walking [5, 6] placodonts have proportionally lar

289 rth Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) played a critical role in regulating

290 ubiquitous within superficial sediments and bottom water along the western Irish continental shelf.

291 ared due to enhanced warming of Arctic Ocean bottom water during the last century.

292 ld, we find that incursions of warm Atlantic bottom water forced rapid gas hydrate dissociation and e

293 We hypothesize that the release of bottom water gases when stratification episodically brea

294 ms is a global problem that often results in bottom water oxygen deficiency and in turn promotes sedi

295 Here, we evaluate bottom water temperature as a potential driver for hydra

296 ter interface are thought to be sensitive to bottom water warming that may trigger gas hydrate dissoc

297 r column during this time, episodes of local bottom-water anoxia extending into the photic-zone impac

298 assive DOC discharge events that elevate the bottom-water DOC concentration.

299 In anaerobic bottom waters, the natural tracer radon ((222)Rn) reveal

300 notrophic production occurring in the saline bottom waters.